Unit 4 Folk customs_一般现在时的被动语态核心语法精讲精练 2026-2027学年沪教版（五四学制）英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“解题四步法”为核心，通过观察归纳-概念解析-结构应用-分层训练的逻辑链条，系统突破一般现在时的被动语态，融合民俗文化语境提升语言运用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |解题四步法|4步骤+自问清单|看语境-找核心-套结构-再检查|从语境观察归纳规律→核心概念定义→结构与用法解析→易混点及错误辨析→主题语境综合运用| |分层练习（A-G）|7类题型（选择/填空/改错等）|——|基础识别→形式训练→错误修正→汉译英→语境填空→阅读综合→主题写作，螺旋式提升语言能力与思维品质|

2026—2027 学年 · 沪教版（五四学制） 九年级英语上册核心语法精讲精练 Unit 4 Folk customs 核心语法：一般现在时的被动语态（核心语法精练） 班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 日期：____________ 学习目标 目标 完成标准 识别 能在语境中准确识别 simple present passive。 结构 能正确写出肯定、否定、疑问等核心结构。 辨析 能解释常见错误并完成句式转换。 运用 能围绕 Folk customs 主题完成阅读与表达任务。 课前发现：先观察，再归纳 阅读三组句子，写出中文意思，并圈出体现本课语法结构的部分。 1. Red lanterns are hung before the festival. ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The custom is passed down from generation to generation. ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Rice cakes are made in many families. ________________________________________________________________________________ 发现提示 比较句中“主语、核心结构、后续成分”之间的关系，再尝试用一句话概括规律。 一、核心概念 一般现在时的被动语态表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作或客观事实。结构为 am/is/are + 过去分词；动作执行者需要强调时用 by 引出。 二、结构与用法 功能/结构 形式或含义 例句 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + done The hall is decorated with paper cuts. 否定句 主语 + am/is/are not + done Fireworks are not allowed here. 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + done? Are gifts exchanged at the festival? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + done? How is the custom celebrated? 三、易混点辨析 例句 辨析 People make kites here. 主动：主语是动作执行者。 Kites are made here. 被动：主语是动作承受者。 The food tastes good. taste 是连系动词，不是被动语态。 四、常见错误：先判断，再改正 错误句 正确句 The custom is pass down in families. The custom is passed down in families. Lanterns is hung outside. Lanterns are hung outside. People are celebrate the festival in spring. People celebrate the festival in spring. Is the gifts exchanged? Are the gifts exchanged? How does the food prepared? How is the food prepared? 五、解题四步法 步骤 自问清单 ① 看语境 句子要表达什么时间、对象和逻辑关系？ ② 找核心 主语、谓语、先行词或疑问词分别是什么？ ③ 套结构 结构中需要原形、过去分词、形容词还是不定式？ ④ 再检查 主谓一致、时态、语序、拼写是否正确？ 六、分层练习 A. 基础理解：选择最恰当的答案 1. Paper cuts _____ on windows during the festival. A. put B. are put C. were put D. will put 2. The story _____ to children every year. A. tells B. is told C. told D. telling 3. _____ tea served to guests in this custom? A. Is B. Are C. Does D. Did 4. These costumes _____ by hand. A. make B. is made C. are made D. made 5. The ceremony _____ in winter. A. is not held B. does not hold C. not held D. was not hold 6. How _____ this festival celebrated? A. does B. is C. did D. has B. 形式训练：用括号中所给词的正确形式填空 1. Lanterns __________ (light) at night. 2. The custom __________ (teach) at school. 3. Traditional songs __________ (sing) at the event. 4. This dish __________ not __________ (serve) cold. 5. __________ the room __________ (decorate) every year? 6. How __________ paper cuts __________ (make)? 7. Many gifts __________ (wrap) in red paper. 8. The date __________ (choose) carefully. C. 改错：每句只有一处错误 1. The custom is pass down in families. 改为：________________________________________________________________________ 2. Lanterns is hung outside. 改为：________________________________________________________________________ 3. People are celebrate the festival in spring. 改为：________________________________________________________________________ 4. Is the gifts exchanged? 改为：________________________________________________________________________ 5. How does the food prepared? 改为：________________________________________________________________________ D. 汉译英 1. 这种传统在许多村庄被保留。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 节日期间，红灯笼被挂在门口。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 这些面具是手工制作的吗？ ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 这个习俗是怎样庆祝的？ ________________________________________________________________________________ E. 语境填空 Every spring, a flower festival (1) ______ (hold) in our town. The streets (2) ______ (decorate) with colourful ribbons, and local songs (3) ______ (sing) in the square. A special cake (4) ______ (make) by many families. Plastic plates (5) ______ not ______ (use), because the event aims to reduce waste. Visitors (6) ______ (invite) to learn the story behind the custom. F. 阅读综合 Reading In a village in Fujian, a lantern fair is held every year. Hundreds of lanterns are made by local families. Bamboo is cut into thin strips, and the frames are covered with bright paper. Traditional stories are painted on some lanterns. During the fair, riddles are written below them and prizes are given to successful visitors. The craft is also taught in schools, so young people learn both the skills and the meaning behind the custom. 1. Who makes the lanterns? ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What is painted on some lanterns? ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Why is the craft taught in schools? ________________________________________________________________________________ G. 综合表达 Write 80–100 words introducing a folk custom. Use at least four simple-present passive sentences. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 课前发现 1. 节日前会挂红灯笼。 2. 这一习俗代代相传。 3. 许多家庭制作年糕。 A. 基础理解 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B B. 形式训练 1. are lit 2. is taught 3. are sung 4. is; served 5. Is; decorated 6. are; made 7. are wrapped 8. is chosen C. 改错 1. The custom is passed down in families. 2. Lanterns are hung outside. 3. People celebrate the festival in spring. 4. Are the gifts exchanged? 5. How is the food prepared? D. 汉译英 1. This tradition is preserved in many villages. 2. Red lanterns are hung at the doors during the festival. 3. Are these masks made by hand? 4. How is this custom celebrated? E. 语境填空 1. is held 2. are decorated 3. are sung 4. is made 5. are; used 6. are invited F. 阅读综合 1. Local families. 2. Traditional stories. 3. So young people learn the skills and meaning behind the custom. G. 综合表达评分建议（15分） 维度 分值 要求 内容与结构 6分 主题明确，信息完整，逻辑清楚。 目标语法 5分 按要求使用核心结构，形式准确。 衔接与词汇 2分 衔接自然，词汇符合单元主题。 规范性 2分 80–100词，拼写、标点和书写规范。 说明：开放性题目答案不唯一；语义准确、结构正确、符合题目要求即可。 学习评价 我能做到 还需练习 基本掌握 熟练运用 识别核心结构 □ □ □ 完成句式变化 □ □ □ 解释并改正常见错误 □ □ □ 在主题语境中表达 □ □ □ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $