Unit5语法专练2026-2027学年沪教版(五四学制)英语九年级上册
2026-07-20
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资源信息
| 学段 | 初中 |
| 学科 | 英语 |
| 教材版本 | 初中英语沪教版(五四学制)九年级上册 |
| 年级 | 九年级 |
| 章节 | Unit 5 Buildings |
| 类型 | 题集-专项训练 |
| 知识点 | - |
| 使用场景 | 同步教学-单元练习 |
| 学年 | 2026-2027 |
| 地区(省份) | 全国 |
| 地区(市) | - |
| 地区(区县) | - |
| 文件格式 | DOCX |
| 文件大小 | 32 KB |
| 发布时间 | 2026-07-20 |
| 更新时间 | 2026-08-16 |
| 作者 | 匿名 |
| 品牌系列 | - |
| 审核时间 | 2026-07-20 |
| 下载链接 | https://m.zxxk.com/soft/58886650.html |
| 价格 | 0.50储值(1储值=1元) |
| 来源 | 学科网 |
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摘要:
**基本信息**
以“构成-用法-对比-纠错”为逻辑主线,系统构建一般过去时被动语态的方法体系,通过分层习题实现语言能力与思维品质的协同提升。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|语法精讲|核心概念解析(含3类构成/3种用法)|构成规则(was/were+过去分词)、用法场景(特定时间/完成影响/执行者不明)、主动被动选择标准(强调执行者vs承受者)、错误规避策略(时间一致/分词正确/不及物动词无被动)|构成本质→用法场景→对比选择→错误修正,形成完整认知链|
|选择填空|10题(含时间状语/主谓一致考点)|语境分析法(根据时间状语判断时态)、主谓一致判断(单复数匹配was/were)|从基础识别到综合应用,覆盖核心考法|
|填空/改写/改错|10/6/6题(动词形式/句式转换/错误修正)|动词形态转换技巧(规则/不规则过去分词)、句式转换步骤(宾语变主语+谓语被动化)|从机械操练到灵活转换,提升语言表达准确性|
内容正文:
九上沪教五四Unit 5语法专练
Unit 5: Past Simple Passive(一般过去时的被动语态)
一、语法精讲
(一)一般过去时被动语态的构成
一般过去时被动语态的构成是"was/were + 过去分词"。
肯定式:was/were + 过去分词
例句一,The building was built in the Ming dynasty. 这座建筑建于明朝。主语 The building 是单数,用 was。
例句二,The houses were destroyed in the earthquake. 这些房子在地震中被摧毁了。主语 The houses 是复数,用 were。
否定式:was/were + not + 过去分词
例句一,The old house wasn't torn down last month. 那座老房子上个月没有被拆除。
例句二,These books were not written by him. 这些书不是他写的。
疑问式:Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词
例句一,When was the tower built? 这座塔是什么时候建的?
例句二,Were the theatres built in the 19th century? 这些剧院是19世纪建的吗?
(二)一般过去时被动语态的用法
用法一:表示过去某个具体时间发生的被动动作
当强调动作发生在过去的某一特定时间点时,用一般过去时被动语态,常与明确的过去时间状语连用。
例句一,The Palace Museum was completed in 1420. 故宫博物院于1420年建成。
例句二,The bridge was built in 1990. 这座桥建于1990年。
用法二:强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响(已完成)
当强调过去某个被动动作已经完成,结果现在仍然存在时,用一般过去时被动语态。
例句一,The window was broken yesterday. 窗户昨天被打破了。(现在还是破的)
例句二,The letter was sent last week. 信上周寄出去了。(现在已寄出)
用法三:当过去动作的执行者不明或不重要时
例句一,My bike was stolen yesterday. 我的自行车昨天被偷了。(不知道谁偷的)
例句二,The book was translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成了多种语言。(谁翻译的不重要)
(三)被动语态的"by"短语
在被动语态中,如果我们需要强调动作的执行者,可以用"by + 执行者"结构。但只有当执行者很重要时才使用,否则可以省略。
例句一,The first books were probably printed by the Chinese. 第一批书很可能由中国人印刷。(执行者很重要,强调"中国人")
例句二,The painting was bought by a rich collector. 这幅画被一位富有的收藏家买走了。
(四)主动语态和被动语态的选择
使用主动语态的情况
当动作执行者很重要,或者需要强调谁做了某事时,使用主动语态。
例句,The workers built the bridge in 1995. 工人们于1995年建造了这座桥。
使用被动语态的情况
当更关心动作的承受者,或者动作执行者不重要、不清楚时,使用被动语态。
例句,The bridge was built in 1995. 这座桥建于1995年。(谁建的不重要)
判断标准:如果想强调"谁做了什么",用主动。如果想强调"某物被如何了",用被动。
(五)常见错误提醒
错误一:忽略时间状语的一致性
例句,The house is built in 1990.(错误,1990是过去时间,应用 was built)
错误二:混淆规则动词和不规则动词的过去分词
例句,The book was writed by him.(错误,write 的过去分词是 written)
错误三:不及物动词用于被动语态
例句,The accident was happened yesterday.(错误,happen 是不及物动词)
二、习题
一、选择填空
1. The Palace Museum ______ in 1420 during the Ming dynasty.
A. is built B. was built C. built D. builds
1. The windows ______ by the strong wind last night.
A. broke B. were broken C. are broken D. break
1. When ______ the Great Wall ______?
A. did...build B. was...built C. is...built D. were...built
1. Many old buildings ______ in the fire last year.
A. destroyed B. were destroyed C. are destroyed D. destroy
1. The story ______ by my grandmother when I was young.
A. was told B. is told C. told D. tells
1. The letters ______ by the postman an hour ago.
A. deliver B. were delivered C. are delivered D. delivered
1. This famous novel ______ into thirty languages since it came out.
A. was translated B. is translated C. translated D. translates
1. The old temple ______ by the villagers many years ago.
A. built B. was built C. is built D. builds
1. The work ______ not ______ in time yesterday.
A. is...finished B. was...finished C. were...finished D. did...finish
1. Who ______ the invitation ______ by?
A. is...sent B. was...sent C. did...send D. was...sending
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空(注意被动语态)
1. The school __________ (build) in 1985.
2. The cups __________ (break) by the little boy just now.
3. The film __________ (show) on TV last Sunday.
4. When __________ the machine __________ (invent)?
5. The tree __________ (plant) by my grandfather ten years ago.
6. The letters __________ (not post) yesterday.
7. The new road __________ (complete) last month.
8. The song __________ (write) by a famous musician in 2000.
9. The books __________ (give) to the students as prizes.
10. The house __________ (paint) last year.
三、将下列主动语态改为被动语态
1. They built this bridge in 1998.
---
2. My father repaired the bike yesterday.
---
3. The workers completed the project last month.
---
4. Someone stole my wallet on the bus.
---
5. The famous artist painted this picture in 1950.
---
6. Did they finish the work on time?
---
四、单句改错
1. The Great Wall is built by the Chinese people thousands of years ago.
---
2. The book was wrote by a young writer.
---
3. The door was lock by my brother last night.
---
4. The meeting was helded in the school hall yesterday.
---
5. The accident was happened on this street last week.
---
6. When was this bridge build?
---
三、答案解析
选择填空解析
第1题 答案:B
解析:Palace Museum 是"被建造"的,应用被动语态。时间状语 in 1420 是过去时间,用一般过去时被动 was built。A 是现在时被动,C 是主动过去,D 是主动现在。
第2题 答案:B
解析:The windows 是"被打破"的,应用被动语态。时间状语 last night 是过去时间,用 were broken。A 是主动过去,C 是现在时被动,D 是主动现在。
第3题 答案:B
解析:the Great Wall 是"被建造"的,应用被动语态疑问式。时间状语不明显但语境为询问历史,用一般过去时。主语 The Great Wall 是单数,用 Was...built。A 是主动疑问,C 是现在时被动,D 单复数不匹配。
第4题 答案:B
解析:Many old buildings 是"被摧毁"的,应用被动语态。时间状语 last year 是过去时间,用 were destroyed。A 是主动过去,C 是现在时被动,D 是主动现在。
第5题 答案:A
解析:The story 是"被讲述"的,应用被动语态。时间状语 when I was young 是过去时间,用 was told。B 是现在时被动,C 是主动过去,D 是主动现在。
第6题 答案:B
解析:The letters 是"被投递"的,应用被动语态。时间状语 an hour ago 是过去时间,用 were delivered。A 是主动,C 是现在时被动,D 是主动过去。
第7题 答案:A
解析:This famous novel 是"被翻译"的,应用被动语态。since it came out 表示从过去到现在的完成时态,但这里强调的是小说出版后过去的翻译动作,用 was translated 表示过去的完成动作。也可理解为一过去被动。
第8题 答案:B
解析:The old temple 是"被建造"的,应用被动语态。时间状语 many years ago 是过去时间,用 was built。A 是主动,C 是现在时被动,D 是主动现在。
第9题 答案:B
解析:The work 是"被完成"的,应用被动语态否定式。时间状语 yesterday 是过去时间,主语 The work 是单数,用 was...finished。C 单复数不匹配,A 现在时,D 主动。
第10题 答案:B
解析:the invitation 是"被发送"的,应用被动语态疑问式。语境为过去,主语是单数,用 Was...sent。A 是现在时被动,C 是主动疑问,D 是进行时。
填空解析
第1题 答案:was built
解析:school 被建造,时间是 1985 过去,用 was built。
第2题 答案:were broken
解析:cups 被打破,时间状语 just now 过去,cups 复数,用 were broken。
第3题 答案:was shown
解析:film 被展示,时间 last Sunday 过去,用 was shown。
第4题 答案:was...invented
解析:machine 被发明,询问过去的时间,用 was invented。
第5题 答案:was planted
解析:tree 被种植,时间 ten years ago 过去,用 was planted。
第6题 答案:were not posted
解析:letters 被投递,时间 yesterday 过去,复数,用 were not posted。
第7题 答案:was completed
解析:road 被完成,时间 last month 过去,用 was completed。
第8题 答案:was written
解析:song 被写,时间 in 2000 过去,用 was written。
第9题 答案:were given
解析:books 被给,过去动作,复数,用 were given。
第10题 答案:was painted
解析:house 被粉刷,时间 last year 过去,用 was painted。
改主动为被动解析
第1题 答案:This bridge was built in 1998.
解析:宾语 This bridge 变为主语,主动谓语 built 变为 was built,主语 They 省略。
第2题 答案:The bike was repaired by my father yesterday.
解析:宾语 The bike 变为主语,主动谓语 repaired 变为 was repaired,主语 My father 变为 by my father。
第3题 答案:The project was completed by the workers last month.
解析:宾语 The project 变为主语,主动谓语 completed 变为 was completed,主语 The workers 变为 by the workers。
第4题 答案:My wallet was stolen on the bus.
解析:宾语 My wallet 变为主语,主动谓语 stole 变为 was stolen,主语 Someone 省略。
第5题 答案:This picture was painted by the famous artist in 1950.
解析:宾语 This picture 变为主语,主动谓语 painted 变为 was painted,主语 the famous artist 变为 by the famous artist。
第6题 答案:Was the work finished on time?
解析:宾语 the work 变为主语,主动疑问句 Did they finish 变为 Was...finished,主语 they 省略。
改错解析
第1题 答案:is built → was built
解析:时间状语 thousands of years ago 是过去时间,应用一般过去时被动 was built。
第2题 答案:wrote → written
解析:write 的过去分词是 written,不是 wrote。
第3题 答案:lock → locked
解析:lock 的过去分词是 locked,lock 是规则动词,加 -ed。
第4题 答案:helded → held
解析:hold 的过去分词是 held,不是 helded。
第5题 答案:was happened → happened
解析:happen 是不及物动词,没有被动语态,用主动语态 happened。
第6题 答案:build → built
解析:build 的过去分词是 built,不是原形 build。应为 When was this bridge built?
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