专题03 Units 5～6（语篇综合练）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与社会”“人与自我”主题，整合完形、阅读、任务型等多元题型，系统训练语篇理解与文化感知能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|1篇（职业介绍）|考查上下文语境理解与词汇辨析|以科学家、艺术家等职业为载体，构建“职业职能-价值贡献”逻辑链| |阅读理解|3篇（食谱/习俗/饮食对比）|细节查找与文化对比分析|从个人生活技能（食谱步骤）到跨文化习俗（新年许愿），再到饮食文化差异，层层递进| |阅读还原|1篇（佛跳墙）|语篇结构与衔接词运用|围绕传统美食“起源-制作-文化内涵”展开，体现中华饮食文化底蕴| |任务型阅读|2篇（非遗牛肉/职业价值）|信息提取与概括表达|从地方非遗（皮影牛肉）到平凡职业价值，强化文化传承与社会贡献认知，提升思维品质与文化意识|

专题03 Units5~6（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 完形填空 人与社会：文章介绍科学家、艺术家、航天员三类精彩职业，阐述各自工作职能与独特价值，赞扬他们的贡献，鼓励读者未来投身心仪职业。 阅读A 人与自我：本文面向小厨师，列出制作土豆煎饼所需食材，一步步讲解切菜、搅拌、煎制等完整制作步骤，指导大家动手制作美味土豆煎饼。 阅读B 人与社会：文章介绍美、日、墨、中四国不同的新年许愿习俗与心愿特点，点明坚守新年决心的关键方法，展现各国新年文化特色。 阅读C 人与社会（饮食文化、民俗文化对比）:文章对比中美烹饪方式的显著区别，涵盖调味、厨具烤箱、食谱使用习惯，同时点明两国饮食都具有多元丰富的地域特色。 阅读还原 人与社会（中华传统饮食文化、地方特色美食文化）:本文介绍福建名菜佛跳墙，讲述菜品起源取名典故，介绍繁杂食材与慢炖制作工序，展现这道传统名菜独特的风味与饮食文化底蕴。 任务型阅读A 人与社会（地方非遗美食、乡土民俗文化）:文章从历史渊源、手工制作工艺、文化传播三方面介绍达州皮影牛肉，讲述其承载乡情，作为美食名片向外传递达州本土特色文化。 任务型阅读B 人与社会（职业价值、平凡岗位的社会贡献、工匠精神）:文章以平价理发师、创意烘焙师两位普通从业者为例，印证行行出状元，平凡职业同样能创造价值，呼吁热爱所选职业、深耕成为行业能手。 一、完形填空（25-26八年级上·河南周口·期中） 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 There are many interesting jobs in the world, and today I want to talk about three of them: the jobs of a scientist, a(n) 1 , and a taikonaut. They are all important and exciting. What does a scientist do? Scientists do 2 on different things to learn more about the world. They come up with great ideas to produce 3 items, like medicines, machines, etc. 4 , they do not just work in a lab for big discoveries (发现). They 5 try to find ways to solve problems and help people in their daily lives. Just 6 the job of a scientist, an artist’s work is also creative. Artists 7 works of art to express their feelings and ideas. Their works are often very 8 because they make people happy or help them 9 about the world in new ways. A 10 is a Chinese astronaut. He or she travels to space. To become a taikonaut, you 11 a lot of training and knowledge. Taikonauts 12 space and do experiments (实验) to help scientists study the universe (宇宙). Going to space is a 13 achievement because it is very difficult. In short, scientists, artists, and taikonauts all have special skills and do important work. They help us learn, feel, and 14 the future. 15 some day, you could become one of them! 1．A．director B．artist C．pilot D．guide 2．A．secrets B．films C．studies D．qualities 3．A．simple B．boring C．tiny D．new 4．A．Though B．However C．But D．Then 5．A．also B．all C．both D．too 6．A．for B．with C．like D．because 7．A．create B．direct C．send D．report 8．A．absent B．popular C．curious D．correct 9．A．think B．live C．spread D．take 10．A．taikonaut B．dentist C．teacher D．doctor 11．A．pull B．know C．need D．watch 12．A．belong B．harm C．cough D．explore 13．A．folk B．small C．huge D．short 14．A．care about B．pay off C．dream about D．get through 15．A．Must B．Maybe C．Should D．Could 二、阅读理解 A（25-26八年级上·辽宁铁岭·阶段检测） Hi, young cooks! Today, we’ re going to make delicious potato pancakes. Are you ready to make something tasty? Let’s follow these steps. Ingredients.2 big potatoes(peeled) 1 carrot 2 eggs 1/4 cup of flour 1 teaspoon of salt 1/3 cup of vegetable oil Steps:First, cut potatoes and the carrot into pieces and place them in a bowl. Next, add eggs, salt and flour to the bowl. Mix everything together. Then, pour the oil into a pan and heat the oil on medium-high heat. After that, put the mixture into the hot oil and cook it for 3 — 4 minutes on each side until they are golden brown. Finally, move the cooked pancake to a plate. Enjoy your meal! 16．The passage tells us how to make ________ A．dumplings B．bread C．hamburgers D．potato pancakes 17．According to the passage, there are ________ steps to make potato pancakes. A．three B．four C．five D．six 18．The right order of the following pictures to make potato pancakes is ________ A．①②③④⑤ B．②①⑤③④ C．②①④③⑤ D．⑤④①③② 19．Which part of a magazine is the text most probably taken from? A．Science B．Art. C．Cooking D．Travel. B（新情境） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 New Year’s Resolutions Around the World Making New Year’s resolutions is a tradition in many countries. People make promises to themselves to improve their lives in the coming year. Let’s see what people around the world plan to do. In the United States, the most common resolutions are about health. Many people say they are going to exercise more, eat healthier food, or lose weight. Others plan to save money or spend more time with family. In Japan, people often make resolutions called “hatsuyume” which means “first dream”. They believe that the first dream of the new year can predict the future. Many people also write down their goals for the year and put them in a special box. In Mexico, people make resolutions about their behavior. They promise to be kinder to others, help their community, or spend less time on their phones. Many families also make resolutions together as a group. In China, many people make resolutions related to work or study. Students often promise to study harder and get better grades. Workers may plan to learn new skills or get a promotion (晋升). No matter what the resolution is, the most important thing is to keep it. That is why many people write down their resolutions and check them regularly. Some people even share their resolutions with friends so they can encourage (鼓励) each other. 20．What is the most common New Year’s resolution in the United States? A．About work. B．About health. C．About behavior. D．About study. 21．What does “hatsuyume” mean in Japan? A．First dream. B．New year. C．Special box. D．Good luck. 22．What do families in Mexico sometimes do? A．They write dreams in a box. B．They make resolutions together. C．They learn new skills. D．They study harder. 23．What do many students in China promise to do? A．Help their community. B．Save money. C．Study harder and get better grades. D．Spend more time with family. 24．Why do some people share their resolutions with friends? A．To make friends. B．To get encouragement. C．To show off. D．To compete with each other. C（25-26八年级上·河南新乡·阶段检测） American ways of cooking and Chinese cooking styles (风格) are quite different. It seems easy to talk about them. In the US, people often have fried potatoes and meat with only salt and pepper. In China, people usually cook with oil, then put in vegetables, and add salt, chicken powder (鸡精), and soy sauce (酱油). It sounds easy, right? But anyone who cooks knows it’s not so easy. The truth is, American food has ideas from many countries around the world. So, it’s hard to choose one dish and say “this is American food.” Chinese food is also like this. Dishes and ways of cooking vary greatly across China, so you can’t say there is only one way to cook Chinese food. One big difference is the oven. In America, almost every home has an oven. People need it to make bread, pizza, cakes, and to cook meat. In China, not many families have an oven. Another big difference is the cookbook. Most American kitchens have many cookbooks, but very few Chinese homes have them. Some American families have old recipes from their grandparents. People follow the recipes to make the food taste the same every time. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 25．What is one difference in how they add taste to food? A．American people use more oil than Chinese people. B．Chinese people use more kinds of seasonings (调味品). C．The US food has no salt at all. D．Chinese people do not use pepper. 26．What does the underlined word “vary” mean in the third paragraph? A．are easy to make B．are very popular C．are not the same D．are very delicious 27．Why is it hard to say what “American food” is? A．Because it is not tasty. B．Because no one likes to cook. C．Because it uses only salt and pepper. D．Because it has ideas from many countries. 28．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．Where to buy a good oven. B．How to make bread and pizza. C．The difference of using an oven. D．Why Chinese families need ovens. 29．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Cook American Food B．Learning to Use a Cookbook C．The Story of American Cookbooks D．The US and China: Different Ways of Cooking 三、阅读还原（25-26八年级上·江西上饶·期末） Fotiaoqiang is a famous traditional soup dish from Fujian Province. It is made by slowly cooking over 20 ingredients (原料) together, including chicken, duck and pork. 30 It’s said that it was first made in 1876 by the wife of a Fuzhou official when she cooked for an important guest. She put chicken, duck, pork, and seafood into an empty wine jar and slowly cooked them according to an old recipe (食谱). 31 Later, he even sent his chef, Zheng Chunfa, to learn the recipe. Zheng improved the recipe and then opened a restaurant called Sanyouzhai, where he served it to his customers. One day, some writers visited the restaurant and tried the dish. When Zheng opened the jar, the smell was so amazing that a writer joked, “ 32 ”. That’s how the dish got its funny name—fotiaoqiang. Fotiaoqiang is a dish that takes much time to prepare. First, all the different meats and seafood are cooked separately to bring out their best tastes. Then they’re all placed together in a large clay pot (陶罐) with a kind of soup made from chicken, duck and pork. The pot is usually covered with a lotus leaf (荷叶) to keep all the smells inside and cooked on very low fire for a long time. 33 It also makes the soup taste stronger and richer, and turns all the meats and seafood super soft. 34 And many people travel to Fujian just to taste this special traditional dish. A．The guest was amazed by the dish. B．This dish has a history of over 100 years. C．Even the Buddha (佛) would jump over the wall to taste it! D．These ingredients are carefully chosen for their freshness. E．The slow cooking helps different foods mix their tastes perfectly. F．Fujian people are very proud of this traditional food. G．Zheng Chunfa spent three years making the recipe better. 四、任务型阅读 A（25-26八年级上·四川达州·期末） 完成图表，根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。 Dazhou’s Shadow-Puppet Beef 1. A Taste of History The delicious smell of Dazhou’s shadow-puppet beef has filled the air in eastern Sichuan for hundreds of years. It is said to have started in the Tang Dynasty, when local people created it to preserve meat and welcome their families home after a long day’s work. Over time, especially during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it became both tasty and beautiful to look at. In times when food was scarce, this beef was a special treat during holidays—a sign of parents’ love for their children and a kind gift between neighbors. Its history is deeply tied to family memories in Dazhou, carrying warmth from the past and love for hometown. 2. Making with Care Making shadow-puppet beef is like a quiet act of love. It requires patience and a heart full of care. Local free-range yellow beef is carefully selected, and the meat is cut by hand into very thin slices—so thin you can almost see through them. Experienced cooks say, “When we slice the meat, we put our hearts into it.” Then the slices are seasoned with spices like Sichuan pepper, star anise, and cinnamon before being slowly dried over charcoal (木炭) until they turn shiny red and melt in your mouth. 3. A Cultural Bridge Now enjoyed across China and beyond, this beef has become a flavorful link between Dazhou and the wider world. It serves as a delicious ambassador, introducing people everywhere to the region’s rich heritage. For those far from home, it is a comforting taste of memory; for new friends, it is a welcoming bite of local culture. Each crispy (脆皮) slice carries not just flavor, but the story and warmth of its homeland. Dazhou’s Shadow-Puppet Beef Origin Dynasty ●It started in the 35 Dynasty. Traditional Meaning ●In old times, this beef was a special holiday treat that symbolized 36 between family members and neighbors. Ingredients & Making Steps ●First choose the 37 (in color) beef carefully. ●Then cut it into 38 slices by hand before seasoning and drying. ●Finally, after being seasoned with spices and dried over charcoal, the beef has a crispy texture that melts in the mouth. Cultural Role Now, this delicious beef serves as 39 to link Dazhou with the outside world. B（24-25八年级上·重庆·期中） 阅读下面短文，根据文章内容填入单词、短语或句子，完成思维导图。 Jobs are an important part of human society (社会). Some jobs get lots of spotlight while other jobs are so common that people hardly ever notice (关注) them. But is it true that common jobs are not important? Sister Xiaohua is a common hairdresser (理发师). These days, she becomes popular online and is called “People’s Hairdresser”. That’s because of her wonderful skills (技术) and the low price. More than 200,000 people traveled to the city for her and they greatly improved the economy (经济) there. Similarly, a baker (烘焙师) from China won the first prize in an international competition of baking. He makes cakes that look like famous art pieces. His cakes are so lifelike that most foreign people call him an artist from China. He has brought great honor (荣耀) to our country! As you can see, in the 360 trades, each has its own master (大师). People with common jobs can also shine bright. They contribute (贡献) to the society, too. So when talking about jobs, we’d better choose what we love and love what we choose, and then try to be a master of it. 40． 41． 42． 43． 44． 45． 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 Units5~6（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 完形填空 人与社会：文章介绍科学家、艺术家、航天员三类精彩职业，阐述各自工作职能与独特价值，赞扬他们的贡献，鼓励读者未来投身心仪职业。 阅读A 人与自我：本文面向小厨师，列出制作土豆煎饼所需食材，一步步讲解切菜、搅拌、煎制等完整制作步骤，指导大家动手制作美味土豆煎饼。 阅读B 人与社会：文章介绍美、日、墨、中四国不同的新年许愿习俗与心愿特点，点明坚守新年决心的关键方法，展现各国新年文化特色。 阅读C 人与社会（饮食文化、民俗文化对比）:文章对比中美烹饪方式的显著区别，涵盖调味、厨具烤箱、食谱使用习惯，同时点明两国饮食都具有多元丰富的地域特色。 阅读还原 人与社会（中华传统饮食文化、地方特色美食文化）:本文介绍福建名菜佛跳墙，讲述菜品起源取名典故，介绍繁杂食材与慢炖制作工序，展现这道传统名菜独特的风味与饮食文化底蕴。 任务型阅读A 人与社会（地方非遗美食、乡土民俗文化）:文章从历史渊源、手工制作工艺、文化传播三方面介绍达州皮影牛肉，讲述其承载乡情，作为美食名片向外传递达州本土特色文化。 任务型阅读B 人与社会（职业价值、平凡岗位的社会贡献、工匠精神）:文章以平价理发师、创意烘焙师两位普通从业者为例，印证行行出状元，平凡职业同样能创造价值，呼吁热爱所选职业、深耕成为行业能手。 一、完形填空 （25-26八年级上·河南周口·期中）先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 There are many interesting jobs in the world, and today I want to talk about three of them: the jobs of a scientist, a(n) 1 , and a taikonaut. They are all important and exciting. What does a scientist do? Scientists do 2 on different things to learn more about the world. They come up with great ideas to produce 3 items, like medicines, machines, etc. 4 , they do not just work in a lab for big discoveries (发现). They 5 try to find ways to solve problems and help people in their daily lives. Just 6 the job of a scientist, an artist’s work is also creative. Artists 7 works of art to express their feelings and ideas. Their works are often very 8 because they make people happy or help them 9 about the world in new ways. A 10 is a Chinese astronaut. He or she travels to space. To become a taikonaut, you 11 a lot of training and knowledge. Taikonauts 12 space and do experiments (实验) to help scientists study the universe (宇宙). Going to space is a 13 achievement because it is very difficult. In short, scientists, artists, and taikonauts all have special skills and do important work. They help us learn, feel, and 14 the future. 15 some day, you could become one of them! 1．A．director B．artist C．pilot D．guide 2．A．secrets B．films C．studies D．qualities 3．A．simple B．boring C．tiny D．new 4．A．Though B．However C．But D．Then 5．A．also B．all C．both D．too 6．A．for B．with C．like D．because 7．A．create B．direct C．send D．report 8．A．absent B．popular C．curious D．correct 9．A．think B．live C．spread D．take 10．A．taikonaut B．dentist C．teacher D．doctor 11．A．pull B．know C．need D．watch 12．A．belong B．harm C．cough D．explore 13．A．folk B．small C．huge D．short 14．A．care about B．pay off C．dream about D．get through 15．A．Must B．Maybe C．Should D．Could 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．C 15．B 【知识点】工作与职业、说明文 【导语】本文介绍了科学家、艺术家和航天员三种有趣的职业，详细描述了它们的工作内容及重要性。 【详解】1．句意：世界上有很多有趣的工作，今天我想谈谈其中三个：科学家、艺术家和航天员的工作。 文章最后一段提到“scientists, artists, and taikonauts”三种职业，因此空处指艺术家。 2．句意：科学家们针对各类事物开展研究，深入了解世界。 根据常识可知，科学家的工作是进行“研究”，studies符合职业特点。 3．句意：他们想出绝妙点子，研发新药、机器等全新事物。 根据“produce...items, like medicines, machines”可知，制造“新的”物品符合创新语境，其余选项无法体现科学贡献。 4．句意：然而，他们不只是待在实验室以寻求重大发现。 空处前后句意发生转折，且位于句首用逗号隔开，However“然而”符合逻辑和语法要求，But后不加逗号单独使用。 5．句意：他们也努力寻找解决问题的办法，并在日常生活中帮助人们。 本句表示递进语境，且空处位于实义动词前，also“也”符合句意和语法要求，too常置于句末。 6．句意：就像科学家的工作一样，艺术家的工作也是创造性的。 本句将艺术家与科学家的工作进行比较，just like“就像”表示类比，固定搭配。 7．句意：艺术家创作艺术作品来表达他们的情感和想法。 根据“works of art”可知，艺术作品是“创造”出的，强调从无到有的原创性，其余选项语义不符。 8．句意：他们的作品往往广受喜爱，因为它们能让人们感到快乐，或帮助人们以新的方式思考世界。 后文“they make people happy”可见，艺术家的作品很受欢迎。 9．句意：他们的作品往往广受喜爱，因为它们能让人们感到快乐，或帮助人们以新的方式思考世界。 think about“思考”，符合人们以全新视角看待世界的语境，其余选项语义不符。 10．句意：Taikonaut是中国航天员。 根据“scientists, artists, and taikonauts”可知，文章介绍的第三个职业是航天员。 11．句意：想要成为一名航天员，你需要很多训练和知识。 后文“a lot of training and knowledge”是成为航天员的条件，因此空处选填need，意为“需要”。 12．句意：航天员探索太空并进行实验，以帮助科学家研究宇宙。 根据“space”以及航天员的职业性质可知，他们是对太空进行“探索”，对应的英文表达为explore。 13．句意：去太空是一项巨大的成就，因为它非常难。 后文“because it is very difficult”可见，进入太空成就巨大，其余选项与困难语境不匹配。 14．句意：他们帮助我们学习、感受并畅想未来。 dream about the future“畅想未来”，符合全文励志的行文基调。 15．句意：也许有一天，你能成为他们中的一员。 空处位于句首，表示猜测，Maybe“也许”符合句意和语法要求。 二、阅读理解 A（25-26八年级上·辽宁铁岭·阶段检测） Hi, young cooks! Today, we’ re going to make delicious potato pancakes. Are you ready to make something tasty? Let’s follow these steps. Ingredients.2 big potatoes(peeled) 1 carrot 2 eggs 1/4 cup of flour 1 teaspoon of salt 1/3 cup of vegetable oil Steps:First, cut potatoes and the carrot into pieces and place them in a bowl. Next, add eggs, salt and flour to the bowl. Mix everything together. Then, pour the oil into a pan and heat the oil on medium-high heat. After that, put the mixture into the hot oil and cook it for 3 — 4 minutes on each side until they are golden brown. Finally, move the cooked pancake to a plate. Enjoy your meal! 16．The passage tells us how to make ________ A．dumplings B．bread C．hamburgers D．potato pancakes 17．According to the passage, there are ________ steps to make potato pancakes. A．three B．four C．five D．six 18．The right order of the following pictures to make potato pancakes is ________ A．①②③④⑤ B．②①⑤③④ C．②①④③⑤ D．⑤④①③② 19．Which part of a magazine is the text most probably taken from? A．Science B．Art. C．Cooking D．Travel. 【答案】16．D 17．C 18．B 19．C 【知识点】食物、烹饪、说明文 【导语】本文介绍了制作土豆煎饼所需的全部食材以及详细的制作步骤。 【详解】16．短文开篇点明“Today, we’re going to make delicious potato pancakes.”，直接说明文章是讲解土豆煎饼的做法。 17．梳理文中步骤标识：First、Next、Then、After that、Finally，一共五个制作步骤。 18．结合制作流程拆解： ②切土豆胡萝卜（第一步备菜）→①打入鸡蛋、面粉、盐搅拌混合（第二步调配面糊）→⑤锅中倒油烧热（第三步热锅倒油）→③面糊下入锅中煎制（第四步油煎面饼）→④煎好盛盘（最后出锅装盘），正确顺序为②①⑤③④。 19．全文围绕食材准备、煎饼烹饪步骤展开，属于美食烹饪内容，属于杂志 Cooking（烹饪）板块。 B （新情境） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 New Year’s Resolutions Around the World Making New Year’s resolutions is a tradition in many countries. People make promises to themselves to improve their lives in the coming year. Let’s see what people around the world plan to do. In the United States, the most common resolutions are about health. Many people say they are going to exercise more, eat healthier food, or lose weight. Others plan to save money or spend more time with family. In Japan, people often make resolutions called “hatsuyume” which means “first dream”. They believe that the first dream of the new year can predict the future. Many people also write down their goals for the year and put them in a special box. In Mexico, people make resolutions about their behavior. They promise to be kinder to others, help their community, or spend less time on their phones. Many families also make resolutions together as a group. In China, many people make resolutions related to work or study. Students often promise to study harder and get better grades. Workers may plan to learn new skills or get a promotion (晋升). No matter what the resolution is, the most important thing is to keep it. That is why many people write down their resolutions and check them regularly. Some people even share their resolutions with friends so they can encourage (鼓励) each other. 20．What is the most common New Year’s resolution in the United States? A．About work. B．About health. C．About behavior. D．About study. 21．What does “hatsuyume” mean in Japan? A．First dream. B．New year. C．Special box. D．Good luck. 22．What do families in Mexico sometimes do? A．They write dreams in a box. B．They make resolutions together. C．They learn new skills. D．They study harder. 23．What do many students in China promise to do? A．Help their community. B．Save money. C．Study harder and get better grades. D．Spend more time with family. 24．Why do some people share their resolutions with friends? A．To make friends. B．To get encouragement. C．To show off. D．To compete with each other. 【答案】20．B 21．A 22．B 23．C 24．B 【知识点】计划、文化差异、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界各地不同国家的新年许愿传统，分别列举了美国、日本、墨西哥、中国这几个国家民众常见的新年计划内容，最后点明坚持执行新年计划的重要性以及人们为了落实计划常用的辅助方式。 【详解】20．根据文章第二段“In the United States, the most common resolutions are about health.”可知，美国最常见的新年决心与健康有关。 21．根据文章第三段“...resolutions called ‘hatsuyume’ which means ‘first dream’.”可知，该词意为“第一个梦”。 22．根据文章第四段“Many families also make resolutions together as a group.”可知，墨西哥的家庭有时会一起制定决心。 23．根据文章第五段“Students often promise to study harder and get better grades.”可知，中国学生常常承诺努力学习和提高成绩。 24．根据文章最后一段最后一句“Some people even share their resolutions with friends so they can encourage each other.”可知，分享决心是为了获得鼓励。 C（25-26八年级上·河南新乡·阶段检测） American ways of cooking and Chinese cooking styles (风格) are quite different. It seems easy to talk about them. In the US, people often have fried potatoes and meat with only salt and pepper. In China, people usually cook with oil, then put in vegetables, and add salt, chicken powder (鸡精), and soy sauce (酱油). It sounds easy, right? But anyone who cooks knows it’s not so easy. The truth is, American food has ideas from many countries around the world. So, it’s hard to choose one dish and say “this is American food.” Chinese food is also like this. Dishes and ways of cooking vary greatly across China, so you can’t say there is only one way to cook Chinese food. One big difference is the oven. In America, almost every home has an oven. People need it to make bread, pizza, cakes, and to cook meat. In China, not many families have an oven. Another big difference is the cookbook. Most American kitchens have many cookbooks, but very few Chinese homes have them. Some American families have old recipes from their grandparents. People follow the recipes to make the food taste the same every time. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 25．What is one difference in how they add taste to food? A．American people use more oil than Chinese people. B．Chinese people use more kinds of seasonings (调味品). C．The US food has no salt at all. D．Chinese people do not use pepper. 26．What does the underlined word “vary” mean in the third paragraph? A．are easy to make B．are very popular C．are not the same D．are very delicious 27．Why is it hard to say what “American food” is? A．Because it is not tasty. B．Because no one likes to cook. C．Because it uses only salt and pepper. D．Because it has ideas from many countries. 28．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．Where to buy a good oven. B．How to make bread and pizza. C．The difference of using an oven. D．Why Chinese families need ovens. 29．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Cook American Food B．Learning to Use a Cookbook C．The Story of American Cookbooks D．The US and China: Different Ways of Cooking 【答案】25．B 26．C 27．D 28．C 29．D 【知识点】烹饪、文化差异、说明文 【导语】本文对比中美烹饪方式，介绍两国调味品使用、烤箱配备、食谱使用上的差异，同时说明中美饮食都融合多方特色，没有唯一固定的烹饪模式。 【详解】25．根据第二段“In the US… with only salt and pepper. In China, people usually cook with oil, then put in vegetables, and add salt, chicken powder, and soy sauce.”可知，中国人使用的调味品种类更多。 26．根据第三段划线词后的句子“so you can’t say there is only one way to cook Chinese food”，可知中国各地的菜肴和烹饪方式是不同的。vary意为“变化、不同”。 27．根据第三段第二句“The truth is, American food has ideas from many countries around the world.”可知，很难定义什么是“美国食物”是因为它融合了多国理念。 28．第四段首句“One big difference is the oven.”指出了本段主题，随后对比了美国家庭几乎都有烤箱而中国家庭很少有的情况，因此本段主要讲的是使用烤箱的区别。 29．通读全文可知，文章从调味方式、食物多样性、厨具（烤箱）以及食谱等方面对比了美国和中国烹饪风格的不同。“美国和中国：不同的烹饪方式”最适合做本文的标题。 三、阅读还原（25-26八年级上·江西上饶·期末） Fotiaoqiang is a famous traditional soup dish from Fujian Province. It is made by slowly cooking over 20 ingredients (原料) together, including chicken, duck and pork. 30 It’s said that it was first made in 1876 by the wife of a Fuzhou official when she cooked for an important guest. She put chicken, duck, pork, and seafood into an empty wine jar and slowly cooked them according to an old recipe (食谱). 31 Later, he even sent his chef, Zheng Chunfa, to learn the recipe. Zheng improved the recipe and then opened a restaurant called Sanyouzhai, where he served it to his customers. One day, some writers visited the restaurant and tried the dish. When Zheng opened the jar, the smell was so amazing that a writer joked, “ 32 ”. That’s how the dish got its funny name—fotiaoqiang. Fotiaoqiang is a dish that takes much time to prepare. First, all the different meats and seafood are cooked separately to bring out their best tastes. Then they’re all placed together in a large clay pot (陶罐) with a kind of soup made from chicken, duck and pork. The pot is usually covered with a lotus leaf (荷叶) to keep all the smells inside and cooked on very low fire for a long time. 33 It also makes the soup taste stronger and richer, and turns all the meats and seafood super soft. 34 And many people travel to Fujian just to taste this special traditional dish. A．The guest was amazed by the dish. B．This dish has a history of over 100 years. C．Even the Buddha (佛) would jump over the wall to taste it! D．These ingredients are carefully chosen for their freshness. E．The slow cooking helps different foods mix their tastes perfectly. F．Fujian people are very proud of this traditional food. G．Zheng Chunfa spent three years making the recipe better. 【答案】30．B 31．A 32．C 33．E 34．F 【知识点】食物、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了佛跳墙的由来和做法。 30．根据“It’s said that it was first made in 1876 by the wife of a Fuzhou official when she cooked for an important guest.”可知，此处应是介绍佛跳墙的历史，选项B“这道菜有一百多年的历史了。”符合语境，故选B。 31．根据“Later, he even sent his chef, Zheng Chunfa, to learn the recipe.”可知，官员的客人对这道菜的评价很高，选项A“客人对这道菜感到惊奇。”符合语境，故选A。 32．根据“That’s how the dish got its funny name—fotiaoqiang.”可知，此处应是解释佛跳墙名字的由来，选项C“即使佛也会跳墙来品尝它！”符合语境，故选C。 33．根据“The pot is usually covered with a lotus leaf (荷叶) to keep all the smells inside and cooked on very low fire for a long time.”可知，此处应是介绍慢慢烹饪的好处，选项E“这种缓慢的烹饪有助于不同的食物完美地混合它们的口味。”符合语境，故选E。 34．根据“And many people travel to Fujian just to taste this special traditional dish.”可知，此处应该介绍福建人的感受，选项F“福建人民对这种传统食物非常自豪。”符合语境。故选F。 四、任务型阅读 Passage1 （25-26八年级上·四川达州·期末） 完成图表，根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。 Dazhou’s Shadow-Puppet Beef 1. A Taste of History The delicious smell of Dazhou’s shadow-puppet beef has filled the air in eastern Sichuan for hundreds of years. It is said to have started in the Tang Dynasty, when local people created it to preserve meat and welcome their families home after a long day’s work. Over time, especially during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it became both tasty and beautiful to look at. In times when food was scarce, this beef was a special treat during holidays—a sign of parents’ love for their children and a kind gift between neighbors. Its history is deeply tied to family memories in Dazhou, carrying warmth from the past and love for hometown. 2. Making with Care Making shadow-puppet beef is like a quiet act of love. It requires patience and a heart full of care. Local free-range yellow beef is carefully selected, and the meat is cut by hand into very thin slices—so thin you can almost see through them. Experienced cooks say, “When we slice the meat, we put our hearts into it.” Then the slices are seasoned with spices like Sichuan pepper, star anise, and cinnamon before being slowly dried over charcoal (木炭) until they turn shiny red and melt in your mouth. 3. A Cultural Bridge Now enjoyed across China and beyond, this beef has become a flavorful link between Dazhou and the wider world. It serves as a delicious ambassador, introducing people everywhere to the region’s rich heritage. For those far from home, it is a comforting taste of memory; for new friends, it is a welcoming bite of local culture. Each crispy (脆皮) slice carries not just flavor, but the story and warmth of its homeland. Dazhou’s Shadow-Puppet Beef Origin Dynasty ●It started in the 35 Dynasty. Traditional Meaning ●In old times, this beef was a special holiday treat that symbolized 36 between family members and neighbors. Ingredients & Making Steps ●First choose the 37 (in color) beef carefully. ●Then cut it into 38 slices by hand before seasoning and drying. ●Finally, after being seasoned with spices and dried over charcoal, the beef has a crispy texture that melts in the mouth. Cultural Role Now, this delicious beef serves as 39 to link Dazhou with the outside world. 【答案】35．Tang 36．love and kindness 37．yellow 38．thin 39．a cultural bridge 【知识点】食物、中华文化、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了四川达州“灯影牛肉”的历史起源、精细的制作工艺以及其作为文化桥梁连接世界的重要作用。 【详解】35．根据“It is said to have started in the Tang Dynasty”可知，灯影牛肉据传起源于唐朝。故填Tang。 36．根据“this beef was a special treat during holidays—a sign of parents’ love for their children and a kind gift between neighbors”可知，牛肉象征了父母对孩子的爱以及邻里间友好的赠礼。故填love and kindness。 37．根据“Local free-range yellow beef is carefully selected”可知，制作所需的原料是当地散养的黄牛。故填yellow。 38．根据“Local free-range yellow beef is carefully selected, and the meat is cut by hand into very thin slices—so thin you can almost see through them.”可知，为了达到“灯影”的效果，牛肉需被手工切得极薄。故填thin。 39．根据“A Cultural Bridge”以及“this beef has become a flavorful link between Dazhou and the wider world”可知，这种美食如今成为了连接家乡与世界的纽带。故填a cultural bridge。 Passage2 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期中） 阅读下面短文，根据文章内容填入单词、短语或句子，完成思维导图。 Jobs are an important part of human society (社会). Some jobs get lots of spotlight while other jobs are so common that people hardly ever notice (关注) them. But is it true that common jobs are not important? Sister Xiaohua is a common hairdresser (理发师). These days, she becomes popular online and is called “People’s Hairdresser”. That’s because of her wonderful skills (技术) and the low price. More than 200,000 people traveled to the city for her and they greatly improved the economy (经济) there. Similarly, a baker (烘焙师) from China won the first prize in an international competition of baking. He makes cakes that look like famous art pieces. His cakes are so lifelike that most foreign people call him an artist from China. He has brought great honor (荣耀) to our country! As you can see, in the 360 trades, each has its own master (大师). People with common jobs can also shine bright. They contribute (贡献) to the society, too. So when talking about jobs, we’d better choose what we love and love what we choose, and then try to be a master of it. 40． 41． 42． 43． 44． 45． 【答案】40．important 41．reasons 42．good at 43．Examples 44．of its own 45．love the job 【知识点】工作与职业、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，通过举例常见的理发师和烘焙师也能取得不凡成就，阐述了每个普通工作都有其重要性，鼓励人们选择并热爱自己的工作，努力成为行业大师的观点。 40．根据第一段中的“Some jobs get lots of spotlight while other jobs are so common that people hardly ever notice (关注) them. But is it true that common jobs are not important?”以及后文内容可知，文章围绕普通工作是否不重要展开讨论，最后得出普通工作也很重要的结论，所以主题是普通工作重要与否，此处用important“重要的”。故填important。 41．根据第二段中的“Sister Xiaohua is a common hairdresser (理发师). These days, she becomes popular online and is called ‘People’s Hairdresser’. That’s because of her wonderful skills (技术) and the low price.”可知，以理发师小华为例，这里说的是理发师受欢迎的原因，reason“原因”，此处用复数形式。故填reasons。 42．根据第二段中的“That’s because of her wonderful skills (技术) and the low price. More than 200,000 people traveled to the city for her and they greatly improved the economy (经济) there.”可知，她受欢迎是因为技术好和价格低，be good at“擅长”，固定短语，这里表示她擅长剪发。故填good at。 43．根据后文对烘焙师的介绍“Similarly, a baker (烘焙师) from China won the first prize in an international competition of baking...”可知，这里是在举例子，example“例子”，此处用复数形式，且位于句首首字母大写。故填Examples。 44．根据最后一段中的“As you can see, in the 360 trades, each has its own master (大师).”可知，每个行业都有自己的大师，这里说每份工作都有自己的大师，of one’s own“自己的”。故填of its own。 45．根据“So when talking about jobs, we’d better choose what we love and love what we choose, and then try to be a master of it.”可知，要选择自己喜欢的，热爱自己的选择，然后努力成为大师，love the job“热爱这份工作”，此处love用原形。故填love the job。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $