Unit 2 Inspiring people（重难词汇精练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“基础-语境-语篇”三级进阶设计，通过多样化题型系统巩固Unit 2核心词汇，注重词汇应用与语篇理解的结合，提升语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|56词+82短语+32词形转换|汉译英、短语匹配、词形变化|从词汇认知（音形义）到构词规律（派生词、不规则变化），构建词汇网络| |词汇语境练|20词形填空+15提示填空+15单选+10完成句子+10选词填空|语境填词、语法应用、固定搭配|从单句应用到短语搭配，强化词汇在具体语境中的准确运用| |词汇语篇练|1完形+1选词填空+1短文填空|语篇填空、逻辑推理|通过完整语篇考查词汇的语境适配与语篇连贯，实现词汇从孤立记忆到综合运用的提升|

Unit 2 Inspiring people词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 1、 汉译英 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.______________ adj. 鼓舞人心的；激励的 2.______________ v. 钦佩；赞赏 3.______________ n. 历史学家 4.______________ n. 化学家 5.______________ n. 物理学家 6.______________ n. 饥饿 7.______________ n. 化学 8.______________ 辍学；退出 9.______________ n. 日历 10.______________ n. 发现 11.______________ n. 世纪 12.______________ adj. 受伤的；负伤的 13.____________ adj. 英国的；英国人的 n. 英国人 14.______________ n. 机场 15.______________ n. 国家；民族 16.______________ n. 传播；散布 v.(spread, spread) 传播；散布 17.______________ n. 疾病 18.______________ n. 先驱；先锋 19.______________ adj. 令人钦佩的 20.______________ n. 金字塔 21.______________ n. 平衡 v. 保持平衡 22.______________ n. 勇气；胆量 23.______________ n. 智慧；学问 24.______________ adj. 现场直播的 25._______________ 钦佩；仰慕 26.______________ adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 v. 勇敢面对；经受（困难） 27.______________ adj. 必要的；必需的 28.______________ n. 种子 29.______________ n. 童年 30.______________ n. 朝代；王朝 31.______________ adj. 西方的；西部的 32.______________ n. 区域；地区 33.______________ adj. 科学（上）的 34.______________ n. 生物学家 35.______________ adj. 所有的；完全的 36.______________ n. 库；银行 37.______________ adv. 永远 38.______________ n. 无线电；收音机 39.________________留下；遗留 40.______________ n. 收集物；收藏品 41._____________ 继续存在；继续活着 42.______________ n. 探索 43.______________ n. 宇宙 44.______________ n. 社会主义 45.______________ n. 洞；孔 46.______________ n. 女儿 47.______________ pron. 她自己；她本人 48.______________ n. 飞行；航班 49.______________ n. 木工手艺 50.______________ n. 发明家 51.________________最重要的是；尤其是 52.______________ n. 思想家 53.______________ n. 时期；一段时间 54.______________ n. 善良 55.______________ n. 人类 56.______________ n. 信念；看法 【答案】 1.inspiring 2.admire 3.historian 4.chemist 5.physicist 6.hunger 7.chemistry 8.drop out (of sth) 9.calendar 10.discovery 11.century 12.wounded 13.British 14.airport 15.nation 16.spread 17.disease 18.pioneer 19.admirable 20.pyramid 21.balance 22.courage 23.wisdom 24.live 25.look up to sb 26.brave 27.necessary 28.seed 29.childhood 30.dynasty 31.western 32.region 33.scientific 34.biologist 35.whole 36.bank 37.forever 38.radio 39.leave behind 40.collection 41.live on 42.exploration 43.universe 44.socialism 45.hole 46.daughter 47.herself 48.flight 49.woodwork 50.inventor 51.above all 52.thinker 53.period 54.kindness 55.mankind 56.belief 二、重点短语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.___________________ 一种；一类 2.___________________ 在… 方面做研究；从事..... 领域的研究 3.___________________ 尽管；即使 4.___________________ 辍学 5.___________________ 在早年；在小时候 6.___________________ 在… 岁时 7.___________________ 在那时 8.___________________ 发现 9.___________________ 在 19 世纪 10.___________________ 担任… 志愿者；自愿充当 11.___________________ 对… 的需求 12.___________________ 在… 和… 之间 13.___________________ 知道，了解 14.___________________ 充满；装满 15.___________________ 上直播课；现场授课 16.___________________ 钦佩；仰慕 17.___________________ 放弃 18.___________________ 继续做某事 19.___________________ 用… 对待某人；以… 态度待人 20.___________________ 梦想做某事 21.___________________ 实现；成为现实 22.___________________ 支持；维护；捍卫 23.___________________ 关心；在乎；在意 24.___________________ 似乎 / 好像… 25.___________________ 为了 (不) 做某事 26.___________________ 把… 送到… 27.___________________ 被… 抓住；被… 困住 28.___________________ 回家 29.___________________ 得到机会做某事 30.___________________ 逃跑；逃走 31.___________________ 成功做某事 32.___________________ 带回；使想起；恢复 33._______________ 建立人际关系；构建合作关系 34.___________________ 找到做某事的方法 35.___________________ 很多不同种类的 36.___________________ 确保；查明；弄清楚 37.___________________ 出生于 38.___________________ 对某物满怀热爱与好奇 39.___________________ 考上大学 40.___________________ 对… 感兴趣 41.___________________ … 的住点，… 的中心 42.___________________ 生病；患病 43.___________________ 继续某事 / 某项活动 44.___________________ 多于；超过；不仅仅 45.___________________ 给某人提供某物 46.___________________ 留下；遗留 47.___________________ 一批；一系列 48.___________________ 继续存在；继续活着 49._________________ 在.....的道路上；在发展进程中 50.___________________ 数以百计的；成百上千的 51.___________________ 训练某人做某事 52.___________________ 想要某人做某事 53.___________________ 从… 中学到某事；向… 学习某事 54.___________________ 长大；成长 55.___________________ 查明；弄清楚；发现 56.___________________ 写一本关于… 的书 57.___________________ 在大学里；在高校 58.___________________ 在地球上；究竟（用于强调疑问） 59.___________________ 将来；未来 60.___________________ 听说 61.___________________ 带领某人做某事；使得某人做某事 62.___________________ 想要做某事 63.___________________ 与某人一起吃午饭 64.___________________ 让某人做某事 65.___________________ 最好 (不要) 做某事 66.___________________ 戴口罩 67.___________________ 出去；外出 68.___________________ 上升 69.___________________ 鼓励某人做某事 70.___________________ 付费；付出代价 71.___________________ 某人做某事的能力 72.___________________ 世界各地；全世界 73.___________________ 据说… 74.___________________ 擅长… 75.___________________ 事实上；实际上 76.___________________ 最重要的是；尤其是 77.___________________ 与… 作斗争；对抗 78.___________________ 互相；彼此 79.___________________ 给某人看某物 80.___________________ 避免做某事 81.___________________ 需要做某事 82.___________________ 在乡下；在农村 【答案】 1.a kind of 2. do research in 3. even though/if 4. drop out of school 5. at an early age 6. at the age of 7. at that time 8. make a discovery 9. in the 19th century 10. volunteer as 11. the need for... 12.between...and... 13. know about 14. be full of=be filled with 15. teach a live class 16. look up to sb 17. give up 18. keep (on) doing sth 19. treat sb with 20. dream of doing 21. come true 22. stand up for 23. care about 24. seem (to be)+adj. 25. in order (not) to do sth 26. send ...to ... 27. be caught by 28. return home 29. get a chance to do sth 30. run away 31. succeed in doing sth 32. bring back 33. build relationships 34. find ways to do sth 35. many different kinds of 36. make sure 37. be born in 38. show a deep love and curiosity for sth 39. enter university 40. become/be interested in 41 the focus of … 42. fall sick 43. continue with 44. more than 45. provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 46. leave behind 47.a collection of 48. live on 49. on the road of 50. hundreds of 51. train sb to do sth 52. want sb to do sth 53. learn sth from 54. grow up 55. find out 56. write a book about 57. at the university 58. on earth 59. in the future 60. hear about 61. lead sb to do sth 62. would love to do sth 63. have lunch with sb 64. let sb do sth 65. had better (not) do sth 66. wear a mask 67. go out 68. go up69. encourage sb to do sth 70. pay for 71. one's ability to do sth 72. around the world 73. It is/was said that... 74. be good at 75. in fact 76. above all 77. fight against 78. each other=one another 79. show sb sth=show sth to sb 80. avoid doing sth 81. need to do sth 82. in the countryside 三、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1.inspiring (adj.) 鼓舞人心的；激励的 → ______________ (v.) 鼓舞；激励 → ______________ (adj.) 受鼓舞的；有灵感的 → ______________ (n.) 灵感；鼓舞人心的人 / 物 2.admire (v.) 钦佩；赞赏 → ______________ (n.) 钦佩；赞美 → ______________ (adj.) 令人钦佩的 3.historian (n.) 历史学家 → ______________ (n.) 历史 →______________(adj.) 历史的；有关历史的 4.chemist (n.) 化学家 → ______________ (n.) 化学 → ______________ (adj.) 化学的 (n.) 化学物质 5.physicist (n.) 物理学家 → ______________ (n.) 物理 → ______________ (adj.) 物理的；身体的 6.hunger (n.) 饥饿 → ______________ (adj.) 饥饿的 → ______________ (adv.) 饥饿地 7.chemistry (n.) 化学 →______________ (n.) 化学家 → ______________ (adj.) 化学的 (n.) 化学物质 8.discovery (n.) 发现 → ______________ (v.) 发现 9.wounded (adj.) 受伤的；负伤的 → ______________ (n.) 伤口 (v.) 使受伤 10.British (adj.) 英国的；英国人的 (n.) 英国人 → ______________ (n.) 英国 11.nation (n.) 国家；民族 → ______________ (adj.) 国家的；民族的 → ______________ (n.) 国籍 12.spread (v./n.) 传播；散布 → ______________(过去式 / 过去分词) ______________（不规则，无词形变化） 13.admirable (adj.) 令人钦佩的 → ______________(v.) 钦佩；赞赏 → ______________(n.) 钦佩；赞赏 14.balance (n.) 平衡 (v.) 保持平衡 → balanced (adj.) 平衡的 15.courage (n.) 勇气；胆量 → ______________ (v.) 鼓励 → ______________ (n.) 鼓励 16.wisdom (n.) 智慧；学问 → ______________ (adj.) 明智的；聪明的 17.live (adj.) 现场直播的 → ______________ (adj.) 活着的（表语） → ______________(adj.) 活着的（定语） → ______________ (n.) 生命 18.brave (adj.) 勇敢的 (v.) 勇敢面对 → ______________ (n.) 勇敢；勇气 19.necessary (adj.) 必要的；必需的 → ______________ (n.) 必需品；必要性 20.childhood (n.) 童年 → ______________ (n.) 孩子；儿童 → ______________ (复数) 孩子们 21.western (adj.) 西方的；西部的 → ______________(n.) 西方；西部 (adv.) 向西 22.scientific (adj.) 科学（上）的 → ______________ (n.) 科学 → ______________ (n.) 科学家 23.biologist (n.) 生物学家 →______________ (n.) 生物学 24.collection (n.) 收集物；收藏品 → ______________ (v.) 收集；采集 25.exploration (n.) 探索 → ______________ (v.) 探索；探险 26.universe (n.) 宇宙 → ______________(adj.) 普遍的；全世界的 27.flight (n.) 飞行；航班 → ______________(v.) 飞；飞行 (过去式 ___________，过去分词 ______________) 28.woodwork (n.) 木工手艺 → ______________ (n.) 木头；木材 29.inventor (n.) 发明家 → ______________ (v.) 发明；创造 → ______________ (n.) 发明物 30.thinker (n.) 思想家 → _________ (v.) 思考；认为 (过去式 thought) → ______________ (n.) 思想；想法 31.kindness (n.) 善良 → ______________ (adj.) 善良的；和蔼的 32.belief (n.) 信念；看法 → believe (v.) 相信；信任 → ______________(adj.) 可信的 【答案】 1.inspire inspired inspiration 2. admiration admirable 3. history historical 4.chemistry chemical 5.physics physical 6. hungry hungrily 7.chemist chemical 8. discover 9.wound 10.Britain 11.national nationality 12. spread spread 13.admire admiration 14. balanced 15. encourage encouragement 16.wise 17. alive living life 18.bravery 19.necessity 20.child children 21.west 22. science scientist 23.biology 24. collect 25.explore 26. universal 27. fly flew flown 28. wood 29.invent invention 30. think thought 31. kind 32.believe believable 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1．She succeeded in ________ (stop) the spread of the disease. 【答案】stopping 【详解】句意：她成功地阻止了疾病的传播。succeed in doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“成功做成某事”，其中介词in后面需要接动词的动名词形式，stop的动名词形式为stopping。 2．We admire these people for their ________ (admire) spirits. 【答案】admirable 【详解】句意：我们敬佩这些人令人钦佩的精神。此处修饰名词spirits应用形容词，admire的形容词形式为admirable。 3．Many ________ (west) scholars came to study Chinese culture. 【答案】Western 【详解】句意：许多西方学者前来研究中国文化。空格修饰名词scholars，需用形容词，west是名词，形容词形式为“Western”，表示“西方的”，首字母大写，故填Western。 4．We should learn to keep the ________ (balanced) of our life. 【答案】balance 【详解】句意：我们应该学会保持生活的平衡。定冠词“the”后面需要接名词，balanced是形容词，其名词形式为balance，表示“平衡”。 5．His ________ (brave) helped him overcome huge difficulties. 【答案】bravery 【详解】句意：他的勇气帮助他克服了巨大的困难。形容词性物主代词“His”后面需要接名词，brave是形容词，名词形式为bravery，表示“勇气”。 6．The story is very inspiring and worth ________ (spread). 【答案】spreading 【详解】句意：这个故事十分鼓舞人心，值得传播。固定短语be worth doing，意为“值得做某事”，worth后接动名词作宾语；spread的动名词形式为spreading。 7．The teacher’s words are full of ________ (wise). 【答案】wisdom 【详解】句意：那位老师的话语充满了智慧。full of意为“充满……”，后接名词作宾语，wise“明智的”，形容词，其名词形式为wisdom，不可数名词，意为“智慧”，符合题意。故填wisdom。 8．The ________ (wise) of the old man helped the young people solve the difficult problem. 【答案】wisdom 【详解】句意：这位老人的智慧帮助年轻人解决了这个难题。wise“明智的”，是形容词，此处需要名词形式wisdom“智慧”作主语。故填wisdom。 9．According to the recent survey, millions of people die of ________ (hungry) every year. 【答案】hunger 【详解】句意：根据最近的调查，每年有数百万人死于饥饿。die of是固定短语，意为“死于……（内因，疾病、饥饿、悲伤等）”，of是介词，介词后面需要接名词作宾语。 括号内给出单词“hungry”（形容词，饥饿的），它对应的名词形式是hunger。 10．Confucius was one of the greatest ________ (think) and educators. 【答案】thinkers 【详解】句意：孔子是最伟大的思想家和教育家之一。one of the+形容词最高级后接可数名词复数，think变为指人的名词thinker“思想家”，复数形式为thinkers。 11．Many tall trees grow from tiny ________ (seed). 【答案】seeds 【详解】句意：许多高大的树都是从微小的种子长出来的。句中Many tall trees是复数，对应“种子”也用复数形式seeds。 12．Everyone’s ________ (childhood) dream is a small seed of hope. 【答案】childhood 【详解】句意：每个人的童年梦想都是一颗小小的希望种子。childhood dream表示“童年梦想”，此处直接用名词作定语修饰dream，不需要变形。 13．________ (Britain) people love sports. The country ________ (Britain) has a long history of railway building. 【答案】 British Britain 【详解】句意：英国人热爱体育运动。英国这个国家有着悠久的铁路建设历史。Britain意为“英国”，是名词。第一空，空后的people“人；人们”是名词，其前用形容词修饰，作定语，Britain的形容词形式是British，意为“英国的”， British people意为“英国人”。第二空，句子的主语是the country“这个国家” ，空缺处是同位语，用来解释说明这个国家就是英国，此处填名词Britain“英国”。 14．Taking notes actively helps ________ (build) up your knowledge of difficult grammar. 【答案】build 【详解】句意：主动记笔记有助于积累难懂的语法知识。build“构建、积累”，句中help后接省略to的不定式，固定搭配为help do sth.，此处直接使用动词原形build即可。 15．You should ________ (summary) long passages to grasp the main ideas efficiently. 【答案】summarize/summarise 【详解】句意：你应当概括长篇文章，从而高效抓住主旨。 should是情态动词，情态动词后面必须接动词原形。summary为名词，意为“摘要；总结”；它对应的动词形式是summarize/summarise（概括，总结）。 16．The famous ________ (history) wrote many articles about national pioneers centuries ago. 【答案】historian 【详解】句意：这位著名历史学家在几个世纪前写了许多关于民族先驱的文章。空格前有形容词famous和定冠词The，需要名词单数作主语；history指“历史”，紫写文章的主语应是人，表示“历史学家”的名词形式为historian。 17．Many young ________ (learn) make full use of online websites for self-study. 【答案】learners 【详解】句意：许多年轻学习者充分利用在线网站进行自学。空格前有形容词young，后接名词作主语；learn的名词形式learner表示“学习者”，且主语为复数，故用复数形式learners。 18．In ________ (add), hands-on experiments make boring knowledge lively. 【答案】addition 【详解】句意：此外，实操实验能让枯燥的知识变得生动起来。括号内add意为“添加”，句中存在固定搭配in addition表示“此外、另外”，此处需要使用add对应的名词形式addition。 19．Faraday ________ (drop) out of school at a young age, but he kept studying every day. 【答案】dropped 【详解】句意：法拉第年少时辍学，但他每天坚持学习。时间状语“at a young age”以及后半句并列谓语“kept”表明句子描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，动词drop的过去式为dropped。故填dropped。 20．Those ________ (inspire) chemists made amazing medical discoveries for our nation. 【答案】inspired 【详解】句意：那些能力卓越的化学家为我们的国家做出了惊人的医学发现。此处修饰名词chemists，需要使用形容词形式，inspire的形容词inspired意为“能力卓越的”，用于修饰人，符合此处语境。 二、根据汉语提示填空 1．Old wise men have great life ________ (智慧). 【答案】wisdom 【详解】句意：年长的智者拥有丰富的人生智慧。空格处作宾语，需要填写名词；wisdom是不可数名词，意为“智慧”。 2．It is ________ (令人钦佩的) to help others in trouble. 【答案】admirable 【详解】句意：帮助身处困境的人是令人钦佩的。固定句型“It is+形容词+to do sth.”，空格处需要填写形容词；admirable意为“令人钦佩的”。 3．He is a famous ________ (研究者) in medical science. 【答案】researcher 【详解】句意：他是医学界一位著名的研究者。a famous后接可数名词单数，researcher意为“研究者”。故填researcher。 4．He has the ________ (勇气) to try new and difficult things. 【答案】courage 【详解】句意：他有勇气去尝试新的、困难的事情。结合汉语提示，“勇气”的英文为courage，不可数名词，作宾语。 5．She finished the task all by ________ (她自己). 【答案】herself 【详解】句意：她全靠自己完成了这项任务。她自己：herself，固定搭配：all by oneself“独自；靠某人自己”。 6．This important ________ (发现) benefits global agriculture. 【答案】discovery 【详解】句意：这项重要的发现对全球农业有益。形容词important后接名词，表示“发现”的名词为discovery，this后面接可数名词单数。故填discovery。 7．People hate war and love ________ (和平的) life forever. 【答案】peaceful 【详解】句意：人们厌恶战争，永远热爱和平的生活。空格修饰名词life，需用形容词，“和平的”对应的英文是peaceful，因此应填peaceful。 8．It is important to ________ (保持平衡) our studies and exercise. 【答案】balance 【详解】句意：在我们的学习和锻炼之间保持平衡是很重要的。固定句型“It is+adj.+to do sth.”结构中，不定式符号to后需接动词原形。中文提示“保持平衡”可对应动词balance。故填balance。 9．He has been interested in flying ever since he took his first ________ (飞行) at the age of six. 【答案】flight 【详解】句意：自从六岁第一次飞行之后，他就一直对飞行很感兴趣。根据汉语提示，flight“飞行”，空格前“first”后面用名词单数形式。 10．Although the soldier was seriously ________ (受伤的), he still fought till the end. 【答案】wounded 【详解】句意：尽管这名士兵伤势严重，但他仍然战斗到最后。根据汉语提示，wounded“受伤的”，形容词作表语。 11．Confucius was a great ________ (思想家). His thoughts are spread all over the world. 【答案】thinker 【详解】句意：孔子是一位伟大的思想家。他的思想传遍世界。thinker“思想家”，形容词great修饰名词，a修饰可数名词单数形式。 12．It’s ________ (必要的) for us to learn the importance of teamwork. 【答案】necessary 【详解】句意：对我们来说，了解团队合作的重要性是很有必要的。固定句型：It’s+adj.+for sb. to do sth.表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，It’s后面需要填写形容词，中文“必要的”对应的英文形容词是necessary。 13．For ________ (世纪), Chinese people have used chopsticks in their daily lives. 【答案】centuries 【详解】句意：几个世纪以来，中国人在日常生活中一直使用筷子。“世纪”用century表达，此处用其复数形式。构成固定短语for centuries，意为“几个世纪以来”，和现在完成时连用。 14．Confucius was a ________ (先驱) in education, having many wise ideas about human nature. 【答案】pioneer 【详解】句意：孔子是教育界的一位先驱，拥有许多关于人性的睿智思想。pioneer名词，意为“先驱；开拓者”。前面有不定冠词a，所以填单数名词pioneer。 15．During different ________ (时期) of his life, he always gave a hand to others. 【答案】periods 【详解】句意：在他人生的不同时期，他始终乐于助人。汉语提示“时期”对应的单词为period，可数名词。根据“different”可知，此处用period的复数形式periods。 三、单项选择 1．Many people around the world ________ Yuan Longping for his great contributions to fighting hunger. A．admire B．spread C．drop D．discover 【答案】A 【详解】句意：世界上许多人钦佩袁隆平，因为他为抗击饥饿做出了巨大贡献。 admire钦佩；spread传播；drop掉落；discover发现。根据“for his great contributions to fighting hunger”可知，袁隆平为消除饥饿做出了巨大贡献，因此人们对他持钦佩态度。应填admire。 2．The fire ________ quickly through the dry grass and soon reached the forest. A．spread B．dropped C．landed D．developed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大火迅速蔓延过干燥的草地，很快就到达了森林。 spread蔓延；dropped掉落；landed着陆；developed发展。根据“The fire...quickly through the dry grass”及常识可知，大火在干草中应是迅速“蔓延”，spread符合语境。故填spread。 3．It is amazing ________ she can speak three foreign languages fluently at such a young age. A．of B．for C．what D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：令人惊叹的是，她在这么小的年纪就能流利地说三门外语。 of……的；for为了；what什么；that无实义，引导从句。句中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。从句结构完整，不缺主语或宾语，应用that引导主语从句，只起连接作用。 4．The ________ of DNA structure was one of the most important moments in scientific history. A．discovery B．hunger C．disease D．courage 【答案】A 【详解】句意：DNA结构的发现是科学史上最重要的时刻之一。 discovery发现；hunger饥饿；disease疾病；courage勇气。根据“DNA structure”及“scientific history”可知，此处指DNA结构的“发现”是科学史上的重要时刻，符合语境。 5．It ________ impossible for the little boy to carry such a heavy box, but he finally made it. A．seems B．seemed C．is seemed D．was seeming 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对这个小男孩来说搬这样一个重的箱子似乎是不可能的，但他最终做到了。 seems 似乎（一般现在时）；seemed 似乎（一般过去时）；is seemed 似乎（被动语态）；was seeming 似乎（进行时）。根据后半句“but he finally made it”中的“made”可知句子时态为一般过去时，且seem为系动词，无被动语态，通常不用进行时。 6．It was really kind ________ you ________ me with my math problem. A．for; to help B．of; to help C．for; helping D．of; helping 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你帮助我解决数学问题真是太好了。 of用来描述人的品质、性格；for描述事情怎么样，不能修饰人。当形容词表示人的性格特征（如 kind）时，介词用of；不定式to do作真正的主语。根据句意和结构，第一空填of，第二空填to help。 7．It is ________ for us to drink enough water every day, especially in hot weather. A．terrible B．sudden C．unnecessary D．necessary 【答案】D 【详解】句意：每天喝足够的水对我们来说是必要的，尤其是在炎热的天气里。 terrible可怕的；sudden突然的；unnecessary不必要的；necessary必要的。根据“drink enough water every day, especially in hot weather”可知，每天喝水尤其是热天喝水对健康是必要的，要填necessary。 8．It was wise ________ him ________ that job offer and start his own business. A．for; to refuse B．of; to refuse C．for; refuse D．of; refuse 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对他来说拒绝那份工作邀请并开始自己创业是明智的。 句型“It is+adj.+of/for+sb.+to do sth.”。形容词wise意为“明智的”，用来评价人的品质特征，介词应用of；该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，第二空应用to refuse。故填of; to refuse。 9．The ________ of a new kind of medicine gave hope to thousands of patients. A．discovery B．flight C．calendar D．woodwork 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一种新药的发现给成千上万的病人带来了希望。 discovery发现；flight飞行；calendar日历；woodwork木工活。根据句中“new kind of medicine”及“gave hope to thousands of patients”可知，此处指新药的发现给病人带来希望，符合语境。 10．We all ________ the scientist for his courage and wisdom in facing so many challenges. A．refuse B．admire C．avoid D．warn 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们都钦佩这位科学家面对如此多挑战时的勇气和智慧。 refuse拒绝；admire钦佩；avoid避免；warn警告。“这位科学家面对如此多挑战时的勇气和智慧”所对应的合理行为应该是我们都很钦佩他，选admire，符合逻辑。 11．It seems very difficult for beginners _________ this skill well in a short time. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．to learning 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对初学者来说，在短时间内学好这项技能似乎非常困难。 根据固定句型“It seems + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”，此处需要用不定式作真正的主语，it为形式主语，所以应填to learn。 12．The young soldier was ________ enough to jump into the river and save the drowning child. A．necessary B．brave C．western D．creative 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这位年轻士兵足够勇敢，跳进河里救起了溺水的孩子。necessary必要的；brave勇敢的；western西方的；creative有创造力的。根据“jump into the river and save the drowning child”可知，跳进河里救溺水的孩子是危险的行为，需要勇气，推测出士兵是勇敢的，brave符合句意。 13．The old man has great ________ and always gives us valuable advice when we are in trouble. A．wisdom B．curiosity C．kindness D．woodwork 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位老人拥有丰富的智慧，每当我们陷入困境时，总能给我们提供宝贵的建议。 wisdom智慧；curiosity好奇心；kindness善良；woodwork木工手艺。根据后文“gives us valuable advice when we are in trouble”的语境提示，此处对应表达老人具备的“智慧”特质，应填wisdom。 14．We all admire the old professor for his great ________ and rich knowledge. A．courage B．hunger C．wisdom D．kindness 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们都钦佩这位老教授伟大的智慧和丰富的知识。courage勇气；hunger饥饿；wisdom智慧；kindness善良。根据“admire the old professor”及“rich knowledge”可知，老教授通常因智慧和知识受人钦佩，wisdom与knowledge并列符合语境，故选wisdom。 15．—Why did he ______ college? —Because he wanted to start his own business. A．drop by B．drop off C．drop out of D．drop into 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——他为什么从大学退学?——因为他想开始自己的事业。drop by顺便拜访；drop off送下；drop out of退学；drop into顺便进入。根据答语“Because he wanted to start his own business.”可知，他想创业，推测出他是从大学退学了，drop out of符合题意。 四、完成句子 1．我们应该尊重对待每一个人。 We should ________ everyone ________ ________. 【答案】 treat with respect 【详解】原句中“尊重对待”是关键词，表示“用尊重的态度对待”的短语是treat sb. with respect。情态动词should后接动词原形。故填treat；with；respect。 2．善意和坚持总能给人们勇气勇敢前行。 Kindness and perseverance can always ________ ________ ________ to move forward bravely. 【答案】 give people courage 【详解】原句中“给人们勇气”是关键词，固定搭配give sb. courage表示“给予某人勇气”，此处使用“give people courage”，情态动词“can”后面接动词原形give。 3．这位科学家是科学先驱之一。 This scientist is ________ ________ ________ science ________. 【答案】 one of the pioneers 【详解】原句中“……之一、先驱”是关键词，结构one of the+可数名词复数，表示“……之一”；pioneer表示“先驱”，此处用复数形式pioneers。因此填one；of；the；pioneers。 4．他擅长研究农业，并且成功做好了科研工作。 He is good at farming research and ________ ________ doing scientific work. 【答案】 succeeds in 【详解】原句中“成功”是关键词，表示“成功做某事”的短语是succeed in doing sth.；and连接并列谓语，前面时态为一般现在时，主语为he，动词使用第三人称单数形式，故填succeeds；in。 5．中国日历在十九世纪被广泛使用。 Chinese calendar was widely used ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 in the 19th century 【详解】原句中“在十九世纪”是关键词，表示“在……世纪”的短语为“in the + 序数词 + century”；“第十九”对应19th，故填in；the；19th；century。 6．无论结果如何，我们绝不逃离责任。 No matter the result, we never ________ ________ from our duties. 【答案】 run away 【详解】原句中“逃离”是关键词，表示“逃离”的短语为“run away from”，句子陈述的是一种态度或事实，时态为一般现在时。主语是we，谓语动词用原形。故填run；away。 7．努力学习最终会带来成功。 Working hard will finally ________ ________ success. 【答案】 lead to 【详解】原句中“带来”是关键词，表示“带来”的短语是lead to，该句时态为一般将来时，结构为“will + 动词原形”，故填lead；to。 8．他真是太好了，支持并鼓励我在这里进行交换学习。 ________ really ________ ________ ________ ________ support and encourage my exchange study here. 【答案】 It’s nice of him to 【详解】原句中“他太好了”是关键词，本句用到句型“It’s+adj.+of sb. to do sth.”，此句型形容词描述人的品质时用of，to后接动词原形；nice“美好的”；him“他”。 9．你敬仰谁？ Who do you ________ ________ ________? 【答案】 look up to 【详解】“敬仰”对应短语是look up to。助动词do后面应接动词原形。 10．许多生活在山区的女孩子因为家庭贫困而辍学了。 Many girls in mountain villages ________ ________ ________ school because their families were poor. 【答案】 dropped out of 【详解】原句中“辍学”是关键词，表示“辍学”的固定短语是drop out of school。根据后半句“their families were poor”中的谓语动词were可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，主句应用一般过去时。动词drop要变为过去式，drop的过去式需要双写末尾字母p再加-ed。故填dropped；out；of。 5、 选词填空 从方框中选择正确形式填空。 look up to, drop out of, live on, leave behind, spread, balance, admire, explore, brave, necessary 1．We all those scientists who devote their lives to research. 2．The scientist many useful books for young students. 3．It’s to get enough sleep for our health. 4．Some poor kids have to school because of poverty. 5．These plants rainwater and soil to grow well. 6．The news of the great discovery across the whole country quickly. 7．We need to keep a between study and rest. 8．Many young people go to the wild to unknown land. 9．She is a girl who dares to face difficulties. 10．People the great doctors who fight against illness. 【答案】 1．admire 2．left behind 3．necessary 4．drop out of 5．live on 6．spread 7．balance 8．explore 9．brave 10．look up to 【详解】1．句意：我们都钦佩那些献身于研究的科学家。根据“those scientists”以及“devote their lives to research”，此处应填表示“钦佩”的动词；主语“We”是复数，且句子描述一般事实，用一般现在时，故填原形admire。 2．句意：这位科学家为年轻学生留下了许多有用的书籍。空处为谓语，“…many useful books for young students”表示“为年轻学生留下了许多有用的书籍”，“leave behind”表示“留下”，符合句意，科学家留下书籍通常指过去的成就或遗产，故用一般过去时，“leave”的过去式为“left”，故填left behind。 3．句意：为了健康，获得充足的睡眠是必要的。句型“It’s + adj. + to do sth.”，此处需要形容词，“to get enough sleep for our health”应是“必要的”，方框中的“necessary”意为“必要的”，符合句意，故填necessary。 4．句意：一些贫困孩子因为贫穷不得不辍学。“have to”后接动词原形，“because of poverty”表示是辍学，方框中“drop out of”接“school”意为“辍学”，符合句意，故填drop out of。 5．句意：这些植物依靠雨水和土壤生长良好。主语“These plants”是复数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，动词用原形，结合常识，植物依靠雨水和土壤生长良好，方框中“live on”意为“依靠……生活/生存”，符合句意，故填live on。 6．句意：这项伟大发现的消息迅速传遍了全国。此处描述过去发生的传播动作，用一般过去时由“news”可知，是“传遍”全国，方框中“spread”意为“传播”，其过去式仍为“spread”。 7．句意：我们需要在学习和休息之间保持平衡。方框中“keep a balance”为固定搭配，意为“保持平衡”，此处需要名词，故填balance。 8．句意：许多年轻人去野外探索未知的土地。“to”后接动词原形构成不定式表目的，由“unknown land”可知，是“探索”未知的土地，方框中“explore”意为“探索”，符合句意，故填explore。 9．句意：她是一个敢于面对困难的勇敢女孩。此处应是形容词修饰“girl”，“dares to face difficulties”说明是勇敢的，方框中“brave”意为“勇敢的”，符合句意，故填brave。 10．句意：人们敬仰那些与疾病作斗争的伟大医生。由“the great doctors who fight against illness”可知，此处应表示“敬仰”或“尊敬”一类的词语，方框中“look up to”意为“敬仰，尊敬”，符合句意，主语“People”是复数，用一般现在时，动词用原形，故填look up to。 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Zhang Xue was born in a poor village. At 14, he left school and worked as a repairman. His hands were often covered with black oil, but he had a big 1 —to make the best Chinese motorcycle. When he was 19, he rode in the heavy 2 for over 100 km just to catch a TV reporter. By the time he arrived, his jacket was 3 wet, and water dripped (滴下) from his hair onto the ground. He wanted to get a chance to 4 his riding skills. People laughed at him, but he never 5 . Later, he started his own factory in Chongqing. It was very 6 and he failed many times. But he told his team, “We must do the right thing, 7 it is difficult.” In March 2026, a French rider rode Zhang’s motorcycle in a world-class race in Portugal (葡萄牙). To everyone’s 8 the Chinese motorcycle took first place! It broke the long-term control of foreign brands. Watching the game in Chongqing, Zhang Xue cried with tears of joy. After that, many people wanted to invest (投资) in his factory. But Zhang 9 most of them. He just wanted to focus on his work. “I never thought about doing 10 else,” Zhang once said. “Once I start something, I keep going, although I’ve failed for ten years. I simply love motorcycles.” Zhang Xue’s story tells us that an ordinary person can also achieve great success through true love and hard work. 1．A．lie B．truth C．habit D．dream 2．A．wind B．snow C．rain D．fog 3．A．hardly B．highly C．suddenly D．completely 4．A．show B．spread C．advise D．wave 5．A．put up B．gave up C．looked up D．turned up 6．A．terrible B．boring C．hard D．ugly 7．A．even though B．so that C．because of D．as soon as 8．A．sadness B．anger C．surprise D．kindness 9．A．reminded B．refused C．received D．supported 10．A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述张雪出身贫寒，凭借对摩托车的热爱和坚持，克服困难创办工厂，最终让中国摩托车在世界比赛中夺冠的故事。 【详解】1．句意：他的手经常沾满黑色油污，但他有一个远大的梦想——制造出最好的中国摩托车。 根据“to make the best Chinese motorcycle”可知，这是未实现的志向，dream“梦想”，符合语境。lie“谎言”；truth“真相”；habit“习惯”，均不符合语境中对于未来目标的描述。 2．句意：19岁时，他冒着大雨骑行100多公里，只为见一位电视台记者。 根据后文“water dripped from his hair”可知当时在下雨，heavy rain表示“大雨”，rain符合语境。wind“风”；snow“雪”；fog“雾”，均无法造成头发滴水的效果。 3．句意：当他到达时，他的夹克完全湿透了，水从头发上滴到地上。 根据“heavy rain”和“water dripped”可知衣服湿得很彻底，completely“完全地”，符合语境，completely wet意为“湿得很彻底”。hardly“几乎不”；highly“高度地”；suddenly“突然”，均不符合语境。 4．句意：他想得到一个展示他骑行技巧的机会。 根据“riding skills”可知，找记者是为了展示技能，show“展示”，符合语境。spread“传播”；advise“建议”；wave“挥舞”，均不符合语境。 5．句意：人们嘲笑他，但他从未放弃。 根据“but”表示转折，虽被嘲笑但坚持，gave up表示“放弃”，符合语境。put up“张贴”；looked up“查阅”；turned up“出现”，均无法体现坚持的精神。 6．句意：公司在重庆起步非常艰难，他失败了很多次。 根据“failed many times”可知创业过程不易，hard表示“艰难的”，符合语境。terrible“可怕的”；boring“无聊的”；ugly“丑陋的”，均不能准确描述创业困难的状况。 7．句意：他告诉团队：“我们必须做正确的事，即使它很困难。” 根据“it is difficult”是从句，且前后为让步关系，“even though”引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”，符合逻辑。so that“以便”；because of“因为”；as soon as“一……就……”，均不符合逻辑。 8．句意：令所有人惊讶的是，中国摩托车得了第一名！ 根据”broke the long-term control of foreign brands“可知夺冠出人意料，”To everyone’s surprise“为固定搭配，意为“令所有人惊讶的是”，surprise符合此搭配。sadness“悲伤”；anger“愤怒”；kindness“善良”，均与夺冠的积极语境不符。 9．句意：但张雪拒绝了大部分人的投资。 根据“He just wanted to focus on his work”可知他不想受干扰，refused表示“拒绝”，符合题意。reminded“提醒”；received“接收”；supported“支持”，均不符合他专注工作的态度。 10．句意：“我从未想过做其他任何事情，”张雪曾说。 根据“never”可知是否定句，anything“任何事”，可用于否定句，anything else表示“其他任何事”，anything符合语境。something“某事”；everything“每件事”；nothing“没事”，均不符合语境。 二、选词填空 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 degree  with  far  understand  abroad  it  return  interest  fill  win Yang Zhenning, a world-famous physicist, passed away on October 1, 2025, in Beijing at the age of 103. His life was 1 with great scientific achievements and deep love for his motherland. Born in Hefei, Anhui Province in 1922, Yang developed a strong 2 in science at an early age. He studied at Southwest Associated University during the war and later went to the United States for 3 education. In 194, he got his doctor’s 4 from the University of Chicago and began his excellent work. Yang made great contributions (贡献) to physics. In 1954, he came up 5 the “Yang-Mills Gauge Theory (理论)” with Mills, which is important to modern physics. Together with Li Zhengdao, he put forward the theory of “parity non-conservation in weak interactions” in 1956, a new idea that changed people’s 6 of the universe. Because of this achievement, they 7 the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957, becoming the first Chinese scientists to receive this honor. He also discovered the “Yang-Baxter Equation”, opening up new research directions in physics and maths. Though living 8 for many years, Yang always cared about China. He raised money, introduced top scientists, and gave away a large number of books and materials to support 9 scientific and educational development. In 1971, he 10 to China as soon as China-US relations got better. Later, he worked as a professor at Tsinghua University to train young scientists. 【答案】 1．filled 2．interest 3．further 4．degree 5．with 6．understanding 7．won 8．abroad 9．its 10．returned 【导语】本文介绍物理学家杨振宁的生平、重大物理学成就，以及他身在海外仍心系祖国、支持国内科教发展、后来归国任教的事迹。 【详解】1．句意：他的一生满载卓越的科学成就，以及对祖国深沉的热爱。此处是指“充满”重大科研成就和对祖国深厚的热爱，方框内选用fill，be filled with为固定短语，意为“充满……”，故填filled。 2．句意：杨振宁1922年生于安徽合肥，年少时就对科学产生了浓厚兴趣。strong（强烈的，形容词）后面需要接名词，develop a strong interest in是常用搭配，意为“培养对……的浓厚兴趣”，符合语境，故填interest。 3．句意：战争期间他在西南联大求学，后来赴美国深造。此处指去美国“深造”，方框内选用far，further education意为“进修、深造”，此处far变形为further。 4．句意：194年，他在芝加哥大学取得博士学位，开启了卓越的科研生涯。毕业后取得“学位”，doctor’s degree意为“博士学位”，故填degree。 5．句意：1954年，他与米尔斯共同提出“杨-米尔斯规范场理论”，该理论对现代物理学意义重大。根据语境，应该是共同“提出了”理论，come up with为固定搭配，意为“提出、想出”，故填with。 6．句意：1956年，他和李政道共同提出“弱相互作用中宇称不守恒” 理论，这一新观点改变了人类对宇宙的认知。people’s 是所有格，后面需接名词，根据语境，提出的理论改变了人们的“认知、认识”，方框内选用understand，需要变成名词形式understanding。 7．句意：凭借这一成果，二人于1957年斩获诺贝尔物理学奖，成为首批获此殊荣的中国科学家。固定搭配win the prize表示“获奖”；根据时间状语in 1957可知应用一般过去时，win的过去式为won。 8．句意：尽管旅居海外多年，杨振宁始终心系祖国。live abroad意为“住在国外”，abroad为副词修饰动词living，故填abroad。 9．句意：他筹措资金、引荐顶尖学者，捐赠大量书籍资料，助力中国科教事业发展。此空需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词，此处指代China’s（中国的），修饰后面的名词development，需用it的形容词性物主代词形式，故填its。 10．句意：1971年，中美关系改善后，他当即回到中国。此处指他“返回”中国，方框内选用return，根据时间状语In 1971可知应用一般过去时，return的过去式是returned。 三、短文填空 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 Have you heard of Wu Daozi? He was one of the 1 (great) of all Chinese artists. He was known 2 his own way of painting with excellent skills. Wu lived in 3 poor family when he was young. After his parents’ death, his life became poorer. The young Wu had to work very hard 4 (support) himself. He began to learn painting from folk artisans (手艺人) at that time. To learn to paint landscapes, Wu spent time 5 (travel) with a painter and went to many places with mountains and rivers. 6 three years of learning, he created the so-called shuti of landscape painting. Also, he became the first 7 (art) in Chinese art history to turn landscapes into a new kind of painting. Besides landscapes, Wu was 8 (interest) in painting human figures (人物) too. He was 9 (especial) good at it. Wu 10 (leave) behind more than 300 amazing murals (壁画). No wonder people consider him as the “Sage of Art (画圣)”. 【答案】 1．greatest 2．for 3．a 4．to support 5．travelling/traveling 6．After 7．artist 8．interested 9 ．especially 10．left 【导语】本文介绍了唐代著名画家吴道子的生平及其在山水画和人物画方面的卓越成就。 【详解】1．句意：他是中国所有画家中最伟大的画家之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，所以great变为最高级greatest。 2．句意：他以自己独特的绘画方式和卓越的技艺而闻名。“be known for”意为“以……闻名”，需用介词“for”。 3．句意：吴道子小时候家境贫寒。此处泛指一个贫困家庭，poor以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 4．句意：年轻的吴道子不得不非常努力地工作来养活自己。此处用不定式作目的状语，指年少的吴道子不得不努力工作来养活自己，所以填to support。 5．句意：吴道子花时间与一位画家一起旅行。“spend time (in) doing sth.”意为“花费时间做某事”，后接动名词作宾语，所以travel变为动名词travelling或traveling。 6．句意：在三年的学习之后，他创造了所谓的山水画“疏体”。表示“在……之后”用介词After，句首首字母大写。 7．句意：他成为中国艺术史上第一位将山水画转变为新型绘画门类的艺术家。此处指吴道子成为中国艺术史上第一位将山水画发展为新型绘画门类的艺术家，将art变为表示身份的名词artist。 8．句意：吴道子也对画人物感兴趣。“be interested in”意为“对……感兴趣”，需用形容词“interested”。 9．句意：他尤其擅长画人物。修饰形容词“good”，需用副词形式作状语。“especial”的副词形式为“especially”，意为“尤其”。 10．句意：吴道子留下了三百多幅令人惊叹的壁画。吴道子是古代人物，描述过去发生的动作用一般过去时，leave的过去式是left。 $Unit 2 Inspiring people词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 1、 汉译英 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.______________ adj. 鼓舞人心的；激励的 2.______________ v. 钦佩；赞赏 3.______________ n. 历史学家 4.______________ n. 化学家 5.______________ n. 物理学家 6.______________ n. 饥饿 7.______________ n. 化学 8.______________ 辍学；退出 9.______________ n. 日历 10.______________ n. 发现 11.______________ n. 世纪 12.______________ adj. 受伤的；负伤的 13.____________ adj. 英国的；英国人的 n. 英国人 14.______________ n. 机场 15.______________ n. 国家；民族 16.______________ n. 传播；散布 v.(spread, spread) 传播；散布 17.______________ n. 疾病 18.______________ n. 先驱；先锋 19.______________ adj. 令人钦佩的 20.______________ n. 金字塔 21.______________ n. 平衡 v. 保持平衡 22.______________ n. 勇气；胆量 23.______________ n. 智慧；学问 24.______________ adj. 现场直播的 25._______________ 钦佩；仰慕 26.______________ adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 v. 勇敢面对；经受（困难） 27.______________ adj. 必要的；必需的 28.______________ n. 种子 29.______________ n. 童年 30.______________ n. 朝代；王朝 31.______________ adj. 西方的；西部的 32.______________ n. 区域；地区 33.______________ adj. 科学（上）的 34.______________ n. 生物学家 35.______________ adj. 所有的；完全的 36.______________ n. 库；银行 37.______________ adv. 永远 38.______________ n. 无线电；收音机 39.________________留下；遗留 40.______________ n. 收集物；收藏品 41._____________ 继续存在；继续活着 42.______________ n. 探索 43.______________ n. 宇宙 44.______________ n. 社会主义 45.______________ n. 洞；孔 46.______________ n. 女儿 47.______________ pron. 她自己；她本人 48.______________ n. 飞行；航班 49.______________ n. 木工手艺 50.______________ n. 发明家 51.________________最重要的是；尤其是 52.______________ n. 思想家 53.______________ n. 时期；一段时间 54.______________ n. 善良 55.______________ n. 人类 56.______________ n. 信念；看法 二、重点短语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.___________________ 一种；一类 2.___________________ 在… 方面做研究；从事..... 领域的研究 3.___________________ 尽管；即使 4.___________________ 辍学 5.___________________ 在早年；在小时候 6.___________________ 在… 岁时 7.___________________ 在那时 8.___________________ 发现 9.___________________ 在 19 世纪 10.___________________ 担任… 志愿者；自愿充当 11.___________________ 对… 的需求 12.___________________ 在… 和… 之间 13.___________________ 知道，了解 14.___________________ 充满；装满 15.___________________ 上直播课；现场授课 16.___________________ 钦佩；仰慕 17.___________________ 放弃 18.___________________ 继续做某事 19.___________________ 用… 对待某人；以… 态度待人 20.___________________ 梦想做某事 21.___________________ 实现；成为现实 22.___________________ 支持；维护；捍卫 23.___________________ 关心；在乎；在意 24.___________________ 似乎 / 好像… 25.___________________ 为了 (不) 做某事 26.___________________ 把… 送到… 27.___________________ 被… 抓住；被… 困住 28.___________________ 回家 29.___________________ 得到机会做某事 30.___________________ 逃跑；逃走 31.___________________ 成功做某事 32.___________________ 带回；使想起；恢复 33._______________ 建立人际关系；构建合作关系 34.___________________ 找到做某事的方法 35.___________________ 很多不同种类的 36.___________________ 确保；查明；弄清楚 37.___________________ 出生于 38.___________________ 对某物满怀热爱与好奇 39.___________________ 考上大学 40.___________________ 对… 感兴趣 41.___________________ … 的住点，… 的中心 42.___________________ 生病；患病 43.___________________ 继续某事 / 某项活动 44.___________________ 多于；超过；不仅仅 45.___________________ 给某人提供某物 46.___________________ 留下；遗留 47.___________________ 一批；一系列 48.___________________ 继续存在；继续活着 49._______________ 在.....的道路上；在发展进程中 50.___________________ 数以百计的；成百上千的 51.___________________ 训练某人做某事 52.___________________ 想要某人做某事 53.___________________ 从… 中学到某事；向… 学习某事 54.___________________ 长大；成长 55.___________________ 查明；弄清楚；发现 56.___________________ 写一本关于… 的书 57.___________________ 在大学里；在高校 58.___________________ 在地球上；究竟（用于强调疑问） 59.___________________ 将来；未来 60.___________________ 听说 61.___________________ 带领某人做某事；使得某人做某事 62.___________________ 想要做某事 63.___________________ 与某人一起吃午饭 64.___________________ 让某人做某事 65.___________________ 最好 (不要) 做某事 66.___________________ 戴口罩 67.___________________ 出去；外出 68.___________________ 上升 69.___________________ 鼓励某人做某事 70.___________________ 付费；付出代价 71.___________________ 某人做某事的能力 72.___________________ 世界各地；全世界 73.___________________ 据说… 74.___________________ 擅长… 75.___________________ 事实上；实际上 76.___________________ 最重要的是；尤其是 77.___________________ 与… 作斗争；对抗 78.___________________ 互相；彼此 79.___________________ 给某人看某物 80.___________________ 避免做某事 81.___________________ 需要做某事 82.___________________ 在乡下；在农村 三、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1.inspiring (adj.) 鼓舞人心的；激励的 → ______________ (v.) 鼓舞；激励 → ______________ (adj.) 受鼓舞的；有灵感的 → ______________ (n.) 灵感；鼓舞人心的人 / 物 2.admire (v.) 钦佩；赞赏 → ______________ (n.) 钦佩；赞美 → ______________ (adj.) 令人钦佩的 3.historian (n.) 历史学家 → ______________ (n.) 历史 →______________(adj.) 历史的；有关历史的 4.chemist (n.) 化学家 → ______________ (n.) 化学 → ______________ (adj.) 化学的 (n.) 化学物质 5.physicist (n.) 物理学家 → ______________ (n.) 物理 → ______________ (adj.) 物理的；身体的 6.hunger (n.) 饥饿 → ______________ (adj.) 饥饿的 → ______________ (adv.) 饥饿地 7.chemistry (n.) 化学 →______________ (n.) 化学家 → ______________ (adj.) 化学的 (n.) 化学物质 8.discovery (n.) 发现 → ______________ (v.) 发现 9.wounded (adj.) 受伤的；负伤的 → ______________ (n.) 伤口 (v.) 使受伤 10.British (adj.) 英国的；英国人的 (n.) 英国人 → ______________ (n.) 英国 11.nation (n.) 国家；民族 → ______________ (adj.) 国家的；民族的 → ______________ (n.) 国籍 12.spread (v./n.) 传播；散布 → ______________(过去式 / 过去分词) ______________（不规则，无词形变化） 13.admirable (adj.) 令人钦佩的 → ______________(v.) 钦佩；赞赏 → ______________(n.) 钦佩；赞赏 14.balance (n.) 平衡 (v.) 保持平衡 → balanced (adj.) 平衡的 15.courage (n.) 勇气；胆量 → ______________ (v.) 鼓励 → ______________ (n.) 鼓励 16.wisdom (n.) 智慧；学问 → ______________ (adj.) 明智的；聪明的 17.live (adj.) 现场直播的 → ______________ (adj.) 活着的（表语） → ______________(adj.) 活着的（定语） → ______________ (n.) 生命 18.brave (adj.) 勇敢的 (v.) 勇敢面对 → ______________ (n.) 勇敢；勇气 19.necessary (adj.) 必要的；必需的 → ______________ (n.) 必需品；必要性 20.childhood (n.) 童年 → ______________ (n.) 孩子；儿童 → ______________ (复数) 孩子们 21.western (adj.) 西方的；西部的 → ______________(n.) 西方；西部 (adv.) 向西 22.scientific (adj.) 科学（上）的 → ______________ (n.) 科学 → ______________ (n.) 科学家 23.biologist (n.) 生物学家 →______________ (n.) 生物学 24.collection (n.) 收集物；收藏品 → ______________ (v.) 收集；采集 25.exploration (n.) 探索 → ______________ (v.) 探索；探险 26.universe (n.) 宇宙 → ______________(adj.) 普遍的；全世界的 27.flight (n.) 飞行；航班 → ______________(v.) 飞；飞行 (过去式 ___________，过去分词 ______________) 28.woodwork (n.) 木工手艺 → ______________ (n.) 木头；木材 29.inventor (n.) 发明家 → ______________ (v.) 发明；创造 → ______________ (n.) 发明物 30.thinker (n.) 思想家 → _________ (v.) 思考；认为 (过去式 thought) → ______________ (n.) 思想；想法 31.kindness (n.) 善良 → ______________ (adj.) 善良的；和蔼的 32.belief (n.) 信念；看法 → believe (v.) 相信；信任 → ______________(adj.) 可信的 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1．She succeeded in ________ (stop) the spread of the disease. 2．We admire these people for their ________ (admire) spirits. 3．Many ________ (west) scholars came to study Chinese culture. 4．We should learn to keep the ________ (balanced) of our life. 5．His ________ (brave) helped him overcome huge difficulties. 6．The story is very inspiring and worth ________ (spread). 7．The teacher’s words are full of ________ (wise). 8．The ________ (wise) of the old man helped the young people solve the difficult problem. 9．According to the recent survey, millions of people die of ________ (hungry) every year. 10．Confucius was one of the greatest ________ (think) and educators. 11．Many tall trees grow from tiny ________ (seed). 12．Everyone’s ________ (childhood) dream is a small seed of hope. 13．________ (Britain) people love sports. The country ________ (Britain) has a long history of railway building. 14．Taking notes actively helps ________ (build) up your knowledge of difficult grammar. 15．You should ________ (summary) long passages to grasp the main ideas efficiently. 16．The famous ________ (history) wrote many articles about national pioneers centuries ago. 17．Many young ________ (learn) make full use of online websites for self-study. 18．In ________ (add), hands-on experiments make boring knowledge lively. 19．Faraday ________ (drop) out of school at a young age, but he kept studying every day. 20．Those ________ (inspire) chemists made amazing medical discoveries for our nation. 二、根据汉语提示填空 1．Old wise men have great life ________ (智慧). 2．It is ________ (令人钦佩的) to help others in trouble. 3．He is a famous ________ (研究者) in medical science. 4．He has the ________ (勇气) to try new and difficult things. 5．She finished the task all by ________ (她自己). 6．This important ________ (发现) benefits global agriculture. 7．People hate war and love ________ (和平的) life forever. 8．It is important to ________ (保持平衡) our studies and exercise. 9．He has been interested in flying ever since he took his first ________ (飞行) at the age of six. 10．Although the soldier was seriously ________ (受伤的), he still fought till the end. 11．Confucius was a great ________ (思想家). His thoughts are spread all over the world. 12．It’s ________ (必要的) for us to learn the importance of teamwork. 13．For ________ (世纪), Chinese people have used chopsticks in their daily lives. 14．Confucius was a ________ (先驱) in education, having many wise ideas about human nature. 15．During different ________ (时期) of his life, he always gave a hand to others. 三、单项选择 1．Many people around the world ________ Yuan Longping for his great contributions to fighting hunger. A．admire B．spread C．drop D．discover 2．The fire ________ quickly through the dry grass and soon reached the forest. A．spread B．dropped C．landed D．developed 3．It is amazing ________ she can speak three foreign languages fluently at such a young age. A．of B．for C．what D．that 4．The ________ of DNA structure was one of the most important moments in scientific history. A．discovery B．hunger C．disease D．courage 5．It ________ impossible for the little boy to carry such a heavy box, but he finally made it. A．seems B．seemed C．is seemed D．was seeming 6．It was really kind ________ you ________ me with my math problem. A．for; to help B．of; to help C．for; helping D．of; helping 7．It is ________ for us to drink enough water every day, especially in hot weather. A．terrible B．sudden C．unnecessary D．necessary 8．It was wise ________ him ________ that job offer and start his own business. A．for; to refuse B．of; to refuse C．for; refuse D．of; refuse 9．The ________ of a new kind of medicine gave hope to thousands of patients. A．discovery B．flight C．calendar D．woodwork 10．We all ________ the scientist for his courage and wisdom in facing so many challenges. A．refuse B．admire C．avoid D．warn 11．It seems very difficult for beginners _________ this skill well in a short time. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．to learning 12．The young soldier was ________ enough to jump into the river and save the drowning child. A．necessary B．brave C．western D．creative 13．The old man has great ________ and always gives us valuable advice when we are in trouble. A．wisdom B．curiosity C．kindness D．woodwork 14．We all admire the old professor for his great ________ and rich knowledge. A．courage B．hunger C．wisdom D．kindness 15．—Why did he ______ college? —Because he wanted to start his own business. A．drop by B．drop off C．drop out of D．drop into 四、完成句子 1．我们应该尊重对待每一个人。 We should ________ everyone ________ ________. 2．善意和坚持总能给人们勇气勇敢前行。 Kindness and perseverance can always ________ ________ ________ to move forward bravely. 3．这位科学家是科学先驱之一。 This scientist is ________ ________ ________ science ________. 4．他擅长研究农业，并且成功做好了科研工作。 He is good at farming research and ________ ________ doing scientific work. 5．中国日历在十九世纪被广泛使用。 Chinese calendar was widely used ________ ________ ________ ________. 6．无论结果如何，我们绝不逃离责任。 No matter the result, we never ________ ________ from our duties. 7．努力学习最终会带来成功。 Working hard will finally ________ ________ success. 8．他真是太好了，支持并鼓励我在这里进行交换学习。 ________ really ________ ________ ________ ________ support and encourage my exchange study here. 9．你敬仰谁？ Who do you ________ ________ ________? 10．许多生活在山区的女孩子因为家庭贫困而辍学了。 Many girls in mountain villages ________ ________ ________ school because their families were poor. 5、 选词填空 从方框中选择正确形式填空。 look up to, drop out of, live on, leave behind, spread, balance, admire, explore, brave, necessary 1．We all those scientists who devote their lives to research. 2．The scientist many useful books for young students. 3．It’s to get enough sleep for our health. 4．Some poor kids have to school because of poverty. 5．These plants rainwater and soil to grow well. 6．The news of the great discovery across the whole country quickly. 7．We need to keep a between study and rest. 8．Many young people go to the wild to unknown land. 9．She is a girl who dares to face difficulties. 10．People the great doctors who fight against illness. 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Zhang Xue was born in a poor village. At 14, he left school and worked as a repairman. His hands were often covered with black oil, but he had a big 1 —to make the best Chinese motorcycle. When he was 19, he rode in the heavy 2 for over 100 km just to catch a TV reporter. By the time he arrived, his jacket was 3 wet, and water dripped (滴下) from his hair onto the ground. He wanted to get a chance to 4 his riding skills. People laughed at him, but he never 5 . Later, he started his own factory in Chongqing. It was very 6 and he failed many times. But he told his team, “We must do the right thing, 7 it is difficult.” In March 2026, a French rider rode Zhang’s motorcycle in a world-class race in Portugal (葡萄牙). To everyone’s 8 the Chinese motorcycle took first place! It broke the long-term control of foreign brands. Watching the game in Chongqing, Zhang Xue cried with tears of joy. After that, many people wanted to invest (投资) in his factory. But Zhang 9 most of them. He just wanted to focus on his work. “I never thought about doing 10 else,” Zhang once said. “Once I start something, I keep going, although I’ve failed for ten years. I simply love motorcycles.” Zhang Xue’s story tells us that an ordinary person can also achieve great success through true love and hard work. 1．A．lie B．truth C．habit D．dream 2．A．wind B．snow C．rain D．fog 3．A．hardly B．highly C．suddenly D．completely 4．A．show B．spread C．advise D．wave 5．A．put up B．gave up C．looked up D．turned up 6．A．terrible B．boring C．hard D．ugly 7．A．even though B．so that C．because of D．as soon as 8．A．sadness B．anger C．surprise D．kindness 9．A．reminded B．refused C．received D．supported 10．A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing 二、选词填空 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 degree  with  far  understand  abroad  it  return  interest  fill  win Yang Zhenning, a world-famous physicist, passed away on October 1, 2025, in Beijing at the age of 103. His life was 1 with great scientific achievements and deep love for his motherland. Born in Hefei, Anhui Province in 1922, Yang developed a strong 2 in science at an early age. He studied at Southwest Associated University during the war and later went to the United States for 3 education. In 194, he got his doctor’s 4 from the University of Chicago and began his excellent work. Yang made great contributions (贡献) to physics. In 1954, he came up 5 the “Yang-Mills Gauge Theory (理论)” with Mills, which is important to modern physics. Together with Li Zhengdao, he put forward the theory of “parity non-conservation in weak interactions” in 1956, a new idea that changed people’s 6 of the universe. Because of this achievement, they 7 the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957, becoming the first Chinese scientists to receive this honor. He also discovered the “Yang-Baxter Equation”, opening up new research directions in physics and maths. Though living 8 for many years, Yang always cared about China. He raised money, introduced top scientists, and gave away a large number of books and materials to support 9 scientific and educational development. In 1971, he 10 to China as soon as China-US relations got better. Later, he worked as a professor at Tsinghua University to train young scientists. 三、短文填空 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 Have you heard of Wu Daozi? He was one of the 1 (great) of all Chinese artists. He was known 2 his own way of painting with excellent skills. Wu lived in 3 poor family when he was young. After his parents’ death, his life became poorer. The young Wu had to work very hard 4 (support) himself. He began to learn painting from folk artisans (手艺人) at that time. To learn to paint landscapes, Wu spent time 5 (travel) with a painter and went to many places with mountains and rivers. 6 three years of learning, he created the so-called shuti of landscape painting. Also, he became the first 7 (art) in Chinese art history to turn landscapes into a new kind of painting. Besides landscapes, Wu was 8 (interest) in painting human figures (人物) too. He was 9 (especial) good at it. Wu 10 (leave) behind more than 300 amazing murals (壁画). No wonder people consider him as the “Sage of Art (画圣)”. $