Unit 3 The seasons（知识清单）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统整合了“季节”主题的语言知识与技能，涵盖分类词汇（按春夏秋冬）、短语、交际句型、形容词语法及写作模块，构建从基础词汇积累到综合写作应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“主题分类+语法辨析+写作框架”一体化设计呈现知识体系，如形容词用法表格清晰对比位置与功能，写作部分提供“总-分-总”结构及范文，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特设易错点助记口诀（如“事物-ing，人-ed”）和分层练习题，不同学生可高效掌握要点，教师可直接用于课堂教学与个性化辅导，提升教学实效。

Unit 3 The seasons 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、春天： 1. ___________ (新鲜的) __________________________________________________________________（清晨的空气非常新鲜。） 2. ___________ (采集（植物、水果等）；聚集) __________________________________________________________________（我们喜欢在春天去公园采野花。） 3. ___________ (有生气；有活力) __________________________________________________________________（当春天来临时，万物都变得生机勃勃。） 4. ___________ (庄稼；作物) __________________________________________________________________（农民们开始在田里种植庄稼。） 二、夏天： 1. ___________ (潮湿的) __________________________________________________________________（别坐在草地上，因为雨后它是湿的。） 2.___________ (深的) __________________________________________________________________（独自在深水区游泳是很危险的。） 3.___________ (雷) __________________________________________________________________（昨晚我们听到了巨大的雷声。） 4. ___________ (闪电) __________________________________________________________________（天空被明亮的闪电照亮了。） 5. ___________ (蛇) __________________________________________________________________（小心不要踩到草丛里的蛇。） 6. ___________ (沙堡) __________________________________________________________________（我和哥哥在沙滩上建了一座大沙堡。） 7. ___________ (南，南方) __________________________________________________________________（夏天南方通常很热。） 三、秋天： 1.___________ (文化；文明) __________________________________________________________________（我们在历史课上学习中国文化。） 2. ___________ (地方的；当地的) __________________________________________________________________（我的祖父母住在山附近的一个当地村庄里。） 3. ___________ (传统) __________________________________________________________________（吃月饼是中秋节的传统。） 4. ___________ (脚印；足迹) __________________________________________________________________（雨后我在泥地里看到了许多脚印。） 5. ___________ (镇；市镇) __________________________________________________________________（人们去镇上为节日购买食物。） 四、冬天 1.___________ (安静的；平静的) __________________________________________________________________（雪后的世界看起来非常宁静。） 2. ___________ (持续；继续存在) __________________________________________________________________(寒冷的天气将再持续一周。） 3. ___________ (晴朗的) __________________________________________________________________（今天是一个晴朗而寒冷的日子。） 4. ___________ (自始至终；穿过) __________________________________________________________________（我们穿过积雪去上学。） 5. ___________ (区域；地区；部分) __________________________________________________________________（这是一年中最冷的部分（时候）。） 6. ___________ (原因；理由) __________________________________________________________________（我喜欢冬天的原因是我可以玩雪。） 7. ___________ (对……作出抉择；决定) __________________________________________________________________（因为太冷了，我们决定待在家里。） 8. ___________ (特色；特征) __________________________________________________________________（冰雪是这里冬天的主要特征。） 9. ___________ (踢；踹) __________________________________________________________________（他走路时喜欢踢雪球。） 10. ___________ (喧闹地；响亮地) __________________________________________________________________（风在窗外呼啸（吹得很大声）。） 11. ___________ (文章) __________________________________________________________________（我在图书馆读了一篇关于企鹅的有趣文章。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. ______________________（野餐） __________________________________________________________________（在阳光明媚的周末，我们经常去公园野餐。） 2. ______________________（耕种土地） __________________________________________________________________（农民们努力耕种土地来种植水稻和蔬菜。） 3. ______________________（去旅行） __________________________________________________________________（我的家人计划这个暑假去北京旅行。） 二、名词短语 1. ______________________（节气） __________________________________________________________________（“立春”是一年中的第一个节气。） 2. ______________________（事实上） __________________________________________________________________（他看起来很年轻，但事实上他已经四十多岁了。） 3. ______________________（被划分成……） __________________________________________________________________（一年被划分为十二个月。） 4. ______________________（基于……；以……为基础） __________________________________________________________________（这部电影是根据一个真实故事改编的。） 5. ______________________（在……上发挥重要作用） __________________________________________________________________（电脑在我们的日常生活中发挥着重要作用。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问喜欢的季节： 1. Which season do you like best?（你最喜欢哪一个季节？） 2. What’s your favourite season?（你最喜欢的季节是什么？） 二、描述季节的情况： 1. It’s usually...（它通常是……。） 2. It often ....（它通常……。） 3. I usually....（我通常……。） 4. It’s...to... （做……是……的。） 语法 形容词 写作 写最喜欢的季节 一、知识点精讲 1. begin v. 开始 【短语】 ① begin doing sth. / begin to do sth. 开始做某事 Leaves begin falling from the tree. / Leaves begin to fall from the tree. 树叶开始从树上掉落。 ② begin sth. 开始某事 Let’s begin our lesson. 让我们开始课程。 ③ 同义词start start doing sth. / start to do sth. 开始做某事 Leaves start falling from the tree. / Leaves start to fall from the tree. 树叶开始从树上掉落。 （2024-2026年考查2次）2. It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是……的 【句型】 It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是……的 It is exciting to take a trip in the countryside. 去乡村旅游是让人兴奋的。 （2024-2026年考查2次）3. everything everything是复合不定代词，表示“所有事物，每一个事物”。在句中做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 Everything changes in autumn. 在秋天，所有事物都变化了。 4. brightly, loudly 【短语】 ① shine brightly 明亮地照耀 The sun shines brightly in the clear, blue sky. 太阳明亮地照耀在晴朗和湛蓝的天空。 ② sing loudly 大声地歌唱；talk loudly 大声地谈话 Cicadas sing loudly. 蝉大声地歌唱。 【辨析】 loud 作形容词时，表示“响亮的、大声的”； 作副词时，和 loudly 意思接近，但更口语化，常和 talk/speak/laugh 等动词搭配。 The music is too loud. 音乐太响了。 Don’t talk so loud! 别说话这么大声！ loudly 作副词，侧重“大声地、喧闹地”。 He shouted loudly when he was angry. 他生气时大声喊叫。 aloud 作副词，侧重“出声地”。 Read the text aloud, please. 请出声朗读课文。 （2024-2026年考查3次）5. work one’s land 耕种土地 one’s 指“某人的”，在句中随主语的变化而变化人称。 The farmers are working their land. 农民们在耕种他们的土地。 The man is working his land. 他在耕种他的土地。 （2024-2026年考查1次）6. turn 变成 【短语】 turn + 颜色 变成……（颜色） Leaves turn brown, red or yellow. 树叶变成褐色、红色或黄色。 （2024-2026年考查3次）7. be busy 忙着…… 【短语】 ① be busy with sth. 忙着某事 My mum is busy with housework. 我妈妈忙于家务。 ② be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事 My mum is busy doing housework. 我妈妈忙于做家务。 8. through 通过，穿过 【辨析】 through 介词，表示“通过，穿过，自始至终”，强调空间内的穿过。 The sunlight comes in through the window. 阳光从窗户透进来。 across 介词，表示“通过，横过”，强调平面上从一端到另一端。 People walk across the street. 人们横过马路。 9. for example 例如 【辨析】 for example 表示“例如”，后接句子，用来举例说明前面提到的内容，可放在句首、句中或句末。 For example, some students like reading. 例如，有些学生喜欢阅读。 such as 表示“例如”，后接名词短语，用来列举同类事物中的几个例子。 She likes music, such as pop songs and rock music. 她喜欢像流行歌曲和摇滚乐这样的音乐。 二、核心语法精讲 形容词 概念 中文为“……的”，用来修饰名词或代词的词，可描述人或事物的特征、性质、状态等。 位置 与 用法 1. 放于名词前，作定语。 She has dark hair. 她有着黑色的头发。 2. 放于系动词（be动词、感官动词、转变动词、保持动词等）后面，作表语。 Summer is sunny and hot. 夏天是晴朗又热的。 The flower looks beautiful. 这花看起来很漂亮。 Leaves turn yellow. 树叶变成了黄色。 3. 放于宾语后，作宾语补足语。 Please keep the classroom tidy. 请保持课室整洁。 I find the story interesting. 我觉得这故事挺有趣的。 4. 放于复合不定代词（every- / some- / any- / no）后面。 Is there anything important here? 这里有一些重要的事情吗？ Silvia has something exciting to tell me. Silvia有一些令人兴奋的事情告诉我。 5. 放在表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词后面。 The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is 55 kilometers long. 港珠澳大桥长55千米。 6. 与数词和名词组合成复合形容词。常见结构“数词-名词（单数）”或“数词-名词（单数）-形容词”。 It is a ten-page book. 这是一本十页的书。 He has a thirteen-year-old son. 他有一个十三岁的儿子。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 “最喜欢的季节”这个话题的核心是描述你最喜欢的季节（如春、夏、秋、冬），并说明喜欢的理由。内容可以涵盖该季节的自然特征（天气、植物、动物）、个人活动（运动、旅行、节日庆祝）以及情感体验。 在语言方面，主要使用一般现在时来描述客观事实和习惯性动作。句式上，除了简单的陈述句外，建议多使用 because 引导的原因状语从句来解释理由，以及 enjoy doing sth. 等句型来表达喜好。 2. 写作框架 整体写作采用“总—分—总”结构，清晰分层： 1）开头（总）： 直接点明你最喜欢的季节是什么，并简要概括原因（如：它很美丽/很有趣）。 参考句型：My favourite season is... because... 2）中间（分）： 从不同角度具体描述这个季节，建议分 2-3 个段落或层次： · 自然景象： 描述天气（冷/热/多雨）、植物的变化（花开/叶落）、动物的活动。 · 特色活动： 描述你在该季节喜欢做的事情（如游泳、堆雪人、野餐），或者该季节特有的节日（如春节、圣诞节）。 · 感官体验： 描述你看到的颜色、听到的声音或吃到的美食（如冰淇淋、热汤）。 3）结尾（总）： 总结全文，再次强调你对这个季节的喜爱之情。 参考句型：I really love... / ... is the best season for me! 3. 写作素材 1) 核心词汇 · 季节与天气类：spring (春天), summer (夏天), autumn/fall (秋天), winter (冬天), warm (温暖的), hot (热的), cool (凉爽的), cold (寒冷的), sunny (晴朗的), snowy (下雪的). · 自然景物类：flower (花), green leaves (绿叶), snow (雪), ice (冰), harvest (丰收). · 活动类：go swimming (去游泳), fly kites (放风筝), make a snowman (堆雪人), have a picnic (野餐), climb mountains (爬山). · 感受类：beautiful (美丽的), colourful (多彩的), exciting (令人兴奋的), relaxing (放松的). 2) 实用句型 · 表达喜好： My favourite season is... / I like... best. · 描述原因： I like it because the weather is... / Because I can... · 描述活动： I often/enjoy... in this season. / It is great to... · 总结全文： That is why I love... / ... is wonderful! 4. 范文背诵 My favourite season is spring. It is my favourite because everything comes back to life. In spring, the weather gets warm and sunny. The trees turn green and beautiful flowers come out everywhere. It is a colourful season. I don't need to wear my heavy winter coat anymore. I can do many interesting things in spring. I often go to the park with my family to fly kites and have picnics on the grass. It is very relaxing. I really love spring because it brings us hope and happiness. It is the best season of the year! Of all the seasons, I like winter best. Although it is very cold, I think it is the most beautiful season. When winter comes, it often snows. The world becomes white and quiet. I enjoy making a snowman and having snowball fights with my friends. It is so exciting! Also, my favourite festival, the Spring Festival, is usually in winter. I can get lucky money and eat delicious food with my family. Winter is a season full of fun and love. That is why I love it so much. 易错点01 形容词-ed和-ing 【助记口诀】事物-ing，人-ed 【错因辨析】 1. 核心规则混淆修饰对象： 在判断使用-ed还是-ing时，核心在于区分“人的感受”与“物的特征”。-ed 结尾形容词通常修饰人（表示“感到……的”），而 -ing 结尾形容词通常修饰物/事（表示“令人……的”）。2. 逻辑与主语性质不匹配： 在句子结构中，需严格对应主语性质与形容词含义。若主语是人且表达主观情绪，必须用ed（如I am interested）；若主语是事物或活动，必须用-ing。 3. 常因死记“人用-ed，物用-ing”而忽略特殊情况（如 an excited look 或 a boring person），导致在修饰“人的表情/声音”或“令人厌烦的人”时出错。 【对点训练】 1. The children were ________ about the ________ trip to the zoo. A. exciting; excited B. excited; exciting C. excited; excited D. exciting; exciting 2. Kevin, a 4-year-old cat from Russia, has become famous on the Internet because of his ________ look at every visitor. A. surprised B. surprise C. surprises D. surprising 3. —How was your trip to Mount Bijia in Hejiang last weekend? —Fantastic! I was ________ to visit such an ________ mountain. A. excited, amazed B. excite; amazed C. exciting; amazing D. excited; amazing 易错点02 复合形容词 【助记口诀】有连字符，名词单；作定语，放名前 【错因辨析】 1. 核心规则忽略“连字符”与“单数”的绑定：构成复合形容词时，一旦加上连字符，中间的名词必须用单数。学习时，常受数字大于1的影响（如看到8），错误写成 an 8-years-old boy。需牢记：连字符把它们变成了一个形容词，形容词没有复数。 2. 句法功能混淆导致形式错误： 需区分作定语和作表语。放在名词前作定语时，必须用“连字符+单数”（如 a five-minute walk）；若放在句末表语位置，则无连字符且名词用复数（如 The walk is five minutes）。 【对点训练】 1. My uncle is a ________ man, but he runs very fast every morning. A. fifty year old B. fifty-years-old C. fifty-year-old D. fifty years old 2. We will have a ________ holiday after the final exam. A. seven day B. seven days C. seven-day D. seven-days 3. The boy is only ________, but he can do a lot of housework. A. an eight-year-old B. eight years old C. eight-year-old D. eight-years-old 一、根据所给提示填空 1. Everyone in ________ (镇) helps clean the park on Earth Day. 2. The birds fly to the ________ (南方) when the weather is cold. 3. The water looks quite ________ (深的) there. 4. We ran inside when we saw the ________ (闪电). 5. He slept ________ (自始至终) the night without waking up. 6. A red lantern at a celebration means happiness and joy in Chinese ________ (传统). 7. Peter is not happy today but I don’t know the ________ (原因). 8. My teachers helps me ________ (决定) which books I choose. 9. We picked ________ (新鲜的) strawberries at the farm. 10. Be careful. The ground is ________ (湿的). 二、单项选择 1.（2025-2026·广东深圳·月考）Don’t _______ too much time playing computer games. It is not good for your study. A. take B. spend C. use D. pay 2.（2025-2026·广东深圳·月考）It’s dangerous for children ________ in the street. A. play B. plays C. to play D. to playing 3.（2025-2026·广东深圳·月考）Look at the _______ on the beach.Your feet are so big. A. features B. footprints C. balls D. chairs 4.（2025-2026·广东深圳·月考）If your clothes are _______, they are not dry. A. lovely B. wet C. clean D. big 5.（2025-2026·广东深圳·月考）On a ________ and bright day, you can see most of the city from the top of Lianhua Mountain. A. warm B. clear C. wet D. cold 6.（2025-2026·广东广州·期中）Lily looked very ________ and Jim was looking at her ________. What happened? A. angry, angry B. angrily, angrily C. angry, angrily D. angrily, angry 7.（2025-2026·广东广州·期中）—________ is the weather like in Guangzhou in spring? —It is warm and ________. A. How; rain B. How; rainy C. What; rainy D. What; rain 8.（2025-2026·广东广州·期中）— ______ is it from here to the train station? — It’s only a ______ walk. A. How long; 5-minute B. How long; 5 minutes C. How far; 5 minute’s D. How far; 5-minute 9. It’s not fun to go ______ a family outing when someone sleeps ______ the whole trip. A. /; during B. on; at C. on; through D. in; during 10. The pandas in the zoo look very ________. A lot of people come to see them every day. A. lovely B. happily C. healthily D. strongly 三、句型转换 1. Lucy likes the English Club best. (同义句转换) The English Club is Lucy’s ________ ________. 2. Mr. Green has a daughter. She is eight months old. （同义句转换） Mr. Green has ________ ________ daughter. 3. The boy is so young that he can’t go to school now. (同义句转换) The boy isn’t ________ ________ to go to school now. 4. (2025-2026·广东广州·期末）学习关于人工智能的新知识令他们兴奋。 ________ ________ for them ________ learn new knowledge about AI. 5. (2025-2026·广东广州·期中）这个时候和她的朋友们去那里野餐是很棒的。 ________ ________ ________ ________ picnics there with her friends at this time of year. 6.(2025-2026·广东广州·期中）Jake也喜欢音乐，他说：“每天弹吉他很有趣。” Jake also likes music, and he says, “_______ ________ to ___________ _________ _________ every day.” 7. 这是一个充满新生命和新希望的季节。 ________ ________ ________ ________ new life and new hope. 8.(2025-2026·广东广州·单元测）技术在现代生活中发挥着重要作用。 Technology ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ modern life. 9. 事实上，年被分为24个部分。依据太阳在太空的位置而划分。 In fact, the year ________ ________ ________ 24 parts, based on where the sun is in the sky. 10.(2025-2026·广东广州·单元测）她每天晚上都忙于做作业。 She ________ ________ _______ her homework every night. 四、阅读理解 A (2025-2026·广东广州·期中） Different kinds of weather make people feel different. They influence (影响) health, intelligence and feelings. In the southern part of the United States, it is very hot sometimes and very cold at other time. People in those places have more heart trouble and other kinds of health problems after the weather changes in February or March. The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in the report of 1983 by scientists, IQ of a group of students is very high when a very strong wind comes, but after the strong wind, their IQ is 10% lower. The wind can help people have more intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand, can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse scores in exams in the hot months of the year. Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold and unhappy during these months. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. Low air pressure (气压) may make people forgetful. Scientists say people leave more bags on buses and in shops on those days. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃. Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem. 1. Students in the US may get lower grades if they take an exam in ________. A. May B. December C. July D. February 2. According to the article, which is NOT likely influenced by weather? A. Jason’s IQ is higher when a strong wind comes. B. On a windy day, David left his schoolbag on the bus. C. Tina had a heart attack after the weather change in February. D. Linda, who is very thin, often feels colder and less happy in winter. 3. What’s the structure of the passage? A. ①/②/③④/⑤ B. ①/②/③④⑤ C. ①/②③④/⑤ D. ①/②③④⑤ B (2024-2025·广东深圳·期中） ① When spring ends, there comes the first solar term (节气) of summer, Lixia, or the Start of Summer. Lixia is the seventh of the 24 Chinese solar terms. It started on May 6 of this year and ended on May 20. ② Farmers are usually happy to welcome the coming of Lixia. Plants and crops begin to grow faster during this time. Lixia is the best time of year to plant early rice in the south of China. It is also a good time to collect tea leaves. ③ In China, there’re many old traditions during Lixia. For example, people cook different kinds of beans (豆) with rice in some places. The beans are red, yellow, black and green while the rice is white. It is also called Five-Coloured Rice and shows people's good wishes for a colourful life. In other places, parents prepare bags with a boiled egg in them and make their children wear the bags around their necks. They think this can stop their children from getting ill in summer. ④ The tradition of eating ice at the beginning of summer has a long history in China. In old times, during Lixia, emperors would give ice to their courtiers (朝臣). Icy drinks were quite popular then. ⑤ There’re also other Lixia traditions like singing folk songs. People also weigh themselves during Lixia. The tradition started from the Three Kingdoms Period (220—280). People think this will bring health and good luck to them. 1. Why are farmers happy when Lixia comes? A. Because they can eat ice. B. Because they can wear special bags. C. Because crops grow faster and it’s a good time to plant. D. Because they can sing folk songs. 2. What does the underlined word “this” refer to? A. Cooking five-coloured rice. B. Eating some beans every day. C. Making wishes on the first day of Lixia. D. Wearing a bag with a boiled egg in it. 3. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The writer talks about four different traditions during Lixia. B. The Five-Coloured Rice is made of rice of five different colours C. People think weighing themselves during Lixia can bring good luck. D. The tradition of eating ice started from the Three Kingdoms Period. 4. Which is the structure (结构) of the passage? A. ①/②/③④⑤. B. ①/②③④/⑤. C. ①/②③/④⑤. D. ①②/③/④⑤. 5. What is the purpose (目的) of this passage? A. To show the writer’s love for summer. B. To tell readers something about Lixia. C. To tell readers how to eat well in summer. D. To teach readers what to do in summer. 五、完形填空 (2024-2025·广东深圳·月考） I come from a small village. My hometown is very beautiful and I love it very much. There are some hills and a river around my hometown. The hills are beautiful. The river is 1 and the people are kind here. My hometown has different views (景色) in different 2 . When spring comes, the weather gets 3 . Trees and grass turn green. The villagers 4 to sow (播种). Summer is my favourite season. It’s hot. We can 5 all kinds of fruit. After school my friends and I like to swim in the river. We often have a 6 time there. Autumn is the harvest season. The 7 are very happy because they can get a good harvest after working hard for a year. In winter, it is cold and it snows a lot in my hometown. Because of the cold weather, most people in the village usually stay at 8 , watching TV or playing cards. The children often 9 warm clothes. And they like to go out to skate and 10 when it snows. I love my hometown. I hope it will be more beautiful in the future. 1. A. dirty B. clean C. dry D. wet 2. A. years B. places C. months D. seasons 3. A. cool B. cold C. warm D. hot 4. A. start B. agree C. listen D. finish 5. A. make B. sell C. eat D. take 6. A. hard B. good C. busy D. bad 7. A. teachers B. parents C. students D. farmers 8. A. home B. school C. bank D. library 9. A. wash B. wear C. sell D. put 10. A. fly kites B. go swimming C. make snowmen D. have picnics 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 The seasons 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、春天： 1. fresh (新鲜的) The air is very fresh in the early morning.（清晨的空气非常新鲜。） 2. gather (采集（植物、水果等）；聚集) We like to gather wild flowers in the park in spring.（我们喜欢在春天去公园采野花。） 3. alive_ (有生气；有活力) Everything comes alive when spring comes.（当春天来临时，万物都变得生机勃勃。） 4. crop (庄稼；作物) Farmers start to plant crops in the field.（农民们开始在田里种植庄稼。） 二、夏天： 1. wet (潮湿的) Don't sit on the grass because it is wet after the rain.（别坐在草地上，因为雨后它是湿的。） 2. deep (深的) It is dangerous to swim in deep water alone.（独自在深水区游泳是很危险的。） 3.thunder (雷) We heard a loud sound of thunder last night.（昨晚我们听到了巨大的雷声。） 4. lightning (闪电) The sky was lit up by the bright lightning.（天空被明亮的闪电照亮了。） 5. snake (蛇) Be careful not to step on a snake in the tall grass.（小心不要踩到草丛里的蛇。） 6. sandcastle (沙堡) I built a big sandcastle on the beach with my brother.（我和哥哥在沙滩上建了一座大沙堡。） 7. south (南，南方) It is usually very hot in the south during summer.（夏天南方通常很热。） 三、秋天： 1.culture (文化；文明) We learn about Chinese culture in history class.（我们在历史课上学习中国文化。） 2. local (地方的；当地的) My grandparents live in a local village near the mountain.（我的祖父母住在山附近的一个当地村庄里。） 3. tradition (传统) Eating mooncakes is a tradition of the Mid-Autumn Festival.（吃月饼是中秋节的传统。） 4. footprint (脚印；足迹) I saw many footprints in the mud after the rain.（雨后我在泥地里看到了许多脚印。） 5. town (镇；市镇) People go to the town to buy food for the festival.（人们去镇上为节日购买食物。） 四、冬天 1.peaceful (安静的；平静的) The snowy world looks very peaceful.（雪后的世界看起来非常宁静。） 2. continue (持续；继续存在) The cold weather will continue for another week. (寒冷的天气将再持续一周。） 3. clear (晴朗的) It is a clear and cold day today.（今天是一个晴朗而寒冷的日子。） 4. through (自始至终；穿过) We walked through the snow to get to school.（我们穿过积雪去上学。） 5. part (区域；地区；部分) This is the coldest part of the year.（这是一年中最冷的部分（时候）。） 6. reason (原因；理由) The reason why I like winter is that I can play with snow.（我喜欢冬天的原因是我可以玩雪。） 7. decide (对……作出抉择；决定) We decided to stay at home because it was too cold.（因为太冷了，我们决定待在家里。） 8. feature (特色；特征) Ice and snow are the main features of winter here.（冰雪是这里冬天的主要特征。） 9. kick (踢；踹) He likes to kick the snowball when he walks.（他走路时喜欢踢雪球。） 10. loudly (喧闹地；响亮地) The wind blows loudly outside the window.（风在窗外呼啸（吹得很大声）。） 11. article (文章) I read an interesting article about penguins in the library.（我在图书馆读了一篇关于企鹅的有趣文章。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. have picnics（野餐） We often have picnics in the park on sunny weekends.（在阳光明媚的周末，我们经常去公园野餐。） 2. work one’s land（耕种土地） The farmers work their land hard to grow rice and vegetables.（农民们努力耕种土地来种植水稻和蔬菜。） 3. take a trip（去旅行） My family plans to take a trip to Beijing this summer holiday.（我的家人计划这个暑假去北京旅行。） 二、名词短语 1. solar term（节气） "Start of Spring" is the first solar term of the year.（“立春”是一年中的第一个节气。） 2. in fact（事实上） He looks very young, but in fact, he is over forty years old.（他看起来很年轻，但事实上他已经四十多岁了。） 3. be divided into（被划分成……） The year is divided into twelve months.（一年被划分为十二个月。） 4. be based on （基于……；以……为基础） _This movie is based on a true story.（这部电影是根据一个真实故事改编的。） 5. play an important part in（在……上发挥重要作用） _Computers play an important part in our daily life.（电脑在我们的日常生活中发挥着重要作用。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问喜欢的季节： 1. Which season do you like best?（你最喜欢哪一个季节？） 2. What’s your favourite season?（你最喜欢的季节是什么？） 二、描述季节的情况： 1. It’s usually...（它通常是……。） 2. It often ....（它通常……。） 3. I usually....（我通常……。） 4. It’s...to... （做……是……的。） 语法 形容词 写作 写最喜欢的季节 一、知识点精讲 1. begin v. 开始 【短语】 ① begin doing sth. / begin to do sth. 开始做某事 Leaves begin falling from the tree. / Leaves begin to fall from the tree. 树叶开始从树上掉落。 ② begin sth. 开始某事 Let’s begin our lesson. 让我们开始课程。 ③ 同义词start start doing sth. / start to do sth. 开始做某事 Leaves start falling from the tree. / Leaves start to fall from the tree. 树叶开始从树上掉落。 （2024-2026年考查2次）2. It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是……的 【句型】 It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是……的 It is exciting to take a trip in the countryside. 去乡村旅游是让人兴奋的。 （2024-2026年考查2次）3. everything everything是复合不定代词，表示“所有事物，每一个事物”。在句中做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 Everything changes in autumn. 在秋天，所有事物都变化了。 4. brightly, loudly 【短语】 ① shine brightly 明亮地照耀 The sun shines brightly in the clear, blue sky. 太阳明亮地照耀在晴朗和湛蓝的天空。 ② sing loudly 大声地歌唱；talk loudly 大声地谈话 Cicadas sing loudly. 蝉大声地歌唱。 【辨析】 loud 作形容词时，表示“响亮的、大声的”； 作副词时，和 loudly 意思接近，但更口语化，常和 talk/speak/laugh 等动词搭配。 The music is too loud. 音乐太响了。 Don’t talk so loud! 别说话这么大声！ loudly 作副词，侧重“大声地、喧闹地”。 He shouted loudly when he was angry. 他生气时大声喊叫。 aloud 作副词，侧重“出声地”。 Read the text aloud, please. 请出声朗读课文。 （2024-2026年考查3次）5. work one’s land 耕种土地 one’s 指“某人的”，在句中随主语的变化而变化人称。 The farmers are working their land. 农民们在耕种他们的土地。 The man is working his land. 他在耕种他的土地。 （2024-2026年考查1次）6. turn 变成 【短语】 turn + 颜色 变成……（颜色） Leaves turn brown, red or yellow. 树叶变成褐色、红色或黄色。 （2024-2026年考查3次）7. be busy 忙着…… 【短语】 ① be busy with sth. 忙着某事 My mum is busy with housework. 我妈妈忙于家务。 ② be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事 My mum is busy doing housework. 我妈妈忙于做家务。 8. through 通过，穿过 【辨析】 through 介词，表示“通过，穿过，自始至终”，强调空间内的穿过。 The sunlight comes in through the window. 阳光从窗户透进来。 across 介词，表示“通过，横过”，强调平面上从一端到另一端。 People walk across the street. 人们横过马路。 9. for example 例如 【辨析】 for example 表示“例如”，后接句子，用来举例说明前面提到的内容，可放在句首、句中或句末。 For example, some students like reading. 例如，有些学生喜欢阅读。 such as 表示“例如”，后接名词短语，用来列举同类事物中的几个例子。 She likes music, such as pop songs and rock music. 她喜欢像流行歌曲和摇滚乐这样的音乐。 二、核心语法精讲 形容词 概念 中文为“……的”，用来修饰名词或代词的词，可描述人或事物的特征、性质、状态等。 位置 与 用法 1. 放于名词前，作定语。 She has dark hair. 她有着黑色的头发。 2. 放于系动词（be动词、感官动词、转变动词、保持动词等）后面，作表语。 Summer is sunny and hot. 夏天是晴朗又热的。 The flower looks beautiful. 这花看起来很漂亮。 Leaves turn yellow. 树叶变成了黄色。 3. 放于宾语后，作宾语补足语。 Please keep the classroom tidy. 请保持课室整洁。 I find the story interesting. 我觉得这故事挺有趣的。 4. 放于复合不定代词（every- / some- / any- / no）后面。 Is there anything important here? 这里有一些重要的事情吗？ Silvia has something exciting to tell me. Silvia有一些令人兴奋的事情告诉我。 5. 放在表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词后面。 The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is 55 kilometers long. 港珠澳大桥长55千米。 6. 与数词和名词组合成复合形容词。常见结构“数词-名词（单数）”或“数词-名词（单数）-形容词”。 It is a ten-page book. 这是一本十页的书。 He has a thirteen-year-old son. 他有一个十三岁的儿子。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 “最喜欢的季节”这个话题的核心是描述你最喜欢的季节（如春、夏、秋、冬），并说明喜欢的理由。内容可以涵盖该季节的自然特征（天气、植物、动物）、个人活动（运动、旅行、节日庆祝）以及情感体验。 在语言方面，主要使用一般现在时来描述客观事实和习惯性动作。句式上，除了简单的陈述句外，建议多使用 because 引导的原因状语从句来解释理由，以及 enjoy doing sth. 等句型来表达喜好。 2. 写作框架 整体写作采用“总—分—总”结构，清晰分层： 1）开头（总）： 直接点明你最喜欢的季节是什么，并简要概括原因（如：它很美丽/很有趣）。 参考句型：My favourite season is... because... 2）中间（分）： 从不同角度具体描述这个季节，建议分 2-3 个段落或层次： · 自然景象： 描述天气（冷/热/多雨）、植物的变化（花开/叶落）、动物的活动。 · 特色活动： 描述你在该季节喜欢做的事情（如游泳、堆雪人、野餐），或者该季节特有的节日（如春节、圣诞节）。 · 感官体验： 描述你看到的颜色、听到的声音或吃到的美食（如冰淇淋、热汤）。 3）结尾（总）： 总结全文，再次强调你对这个季节的喜爱之情。 参考句型：I really love... / ... is the best season for me! 3. 写作素材 1) 核心词汇 · 季节与天气类：spring (春天), summer (夏天), autumn/fall (秋天), winter (冬天), warm (温暖的), hot (热的), cool (凉爽的), cold (寒冷的), sunny (晴朗的), snowy (下雪的). · 自然景物类：flower (花), green leaves (绿叶), snow (雪), ice (冰), harvest (丰收). · 活动类：go swimming (去游泳), fly kites (放风筝), make a snowman (堆雪人), have a picnic (野餐), climb mountains (爬山). · 感受类：beautiful (美丽的), colourful (多彩的), exciting (令人兴奋的), relaxing (放松的). 2) 实用句型 · 表达喜好： My favourite season is... / I like... best. · 描述原因： I like it because the weather is... / Because I can... · 描述活动： I often/enjoy... in this season. / It is great to... · 总结全文： That is why I love... / ... is wonderful! 4. 范文背诵 My favourite season is spring. It is my favourite because everything comes back to life. In spring, the weather gets warm and sunny. The trees turn green and beautiful flowers come out everywhere. It is a colourful season. I don't need to wear my heavy winter coat anymore. I can do many interesting things in spring. I often go to the park with my family to fly kites and have picnics on the grass. It is very relaxing. I really love spring because it brings us hope and happiness. It is the best season of the year! Of all the seasons, I like winter best. Although it is very cold, I think it is the most beautiful season. When winter comes, it often snows. The world becomes white and quiet. I enjoy making a snowman and having snowball fights with my friends. It is so exciting! Also, my favourite festival, the Spring Festival, is usually in winter. I can get lucky money and eat delicious food with my family. Winter is a season full of fun and love. That is why I love it so much. 易错点01 形容词-ed和-ing 【助记口诀】事物-ing，人-ed 【错因辨析】 1. 核心规则混淆修饰对象： 在判断使用-ed还是-ing时，核心在于区分“人的感受”与“物的特征”。-ed 结尾形容词通常修饰人（表示“感到……的”），而 -ing 结尾形容词通常修饰物/事（表示“令人……的”）。2. 逻辑与主语性质不匹配： 在句子结构中，需严格对应主语性质与形容词含义。若主语是人且表达主观情绪，必须用ed（如I am interested）；若主语是事物或活动，必须用-ing。 3. 常因死记“人用-ed，物用-ing”而忽略特殊情况（如 an excited look 或 a boring person），导致在修饰“人的表情/声音”或“令人厌烦的人”时出错。 【对点训练】 1. The children were ________ about the ________ trip to the zoo. A. exciting; excited B. excited; exciting C. excited; excited D. exciting; exciting 【答案】B 【解析】句意：孩子们对去动物园的令人兴奋的旅行感到兴奋。 excited感到兴奋的（常修饰人）；exciting令人兴奋的（常修饰物）。第一空主语The children指人，用excited；第二空修饰trip指物，用exciting。故选B。 2. Kevin, a 4-year-old cat from Russia, has become famous on the Internet because of his ________ look at every visitor. A. surprised B. surprise C. surprises D. surprising 【答案】D 【解析】句意：凯文，一只来自俄罗斯的4岁的猫，因为它对每位访客令人惊讶的表情而在互联网上出名。 surprised惊讶的（修饰人）；surprising令人惊讶的（修饰物）。本空修饰名词look，表示事物本身具有的特征，应用-ing形式的形容词。 3. —How was your trip to Mount Bijia in Hejiang last weekend? —Fantastic! I was ________ to visit such an ________ mountain. A. excited, amazed B. excite; amazed C. exciting; amazing D. excited; amazing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——上周末你去合江笔架山的旅行怎么样？——太棒了！我很兴奋能参观这样一座令人惊叹的山。 考查形容词辨析。excited感到兴奋的，修饰人； amazed感到惊奇的，修饰人；excite使兴奋，动词原形；exciting令人兴奋的，形容词，修饰物；amazing令人惊叹的，形容词，修饰物。分析句子“I was…to visit such an…mountain.”可知，第一空应填入形容词，作表语，故排除B，且主语是“I”，所以应用exited作表语，指“我”很兴奋；第二空应填入amazing，作定语，修饰名词mountain，指一座令人惊叹的山。故选D。 易错点02 复合形容词 【助记口诀】有连字符，名词单；作定语，放名前 【错因辨析】 1. 核心规则忽略“连字符”与“单数”的绑定：构成复合形容词时，一旦加上连字符，中间的名词必须用单数。学习时，常受数字大于1的影响（如看到8），错误写成 an 8-years-old boy。需牢记：连字符把它们变成了一个形容词，形容词没有复数。 2. 句法功能混淆导致形式错误： 需区分作定语和作表语。放在名词前作定语时，必须用“连字符+单数”（如 a five-minute walk）；若放在句末表语位置，则无连字符且名词用复数（如 The walk is five minutes）。 【对点训练】 1. My uncle is a ________ man, but he runs very fast every morning. A. fifty year old B. fifty-years-old C. fifty-year-old D. fifty years old 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：我的叔叔是一位五十岁的男人，但他每天早上跑得很快。 空格处修饰名词 man，需用复合形容词作定语。根据规则“有连字符，名词单”，结构应为“数词-单数名词-形容词”，即 fifty-year-old。A项缺连字符，B、D项名词用了复数，均错误。 2. We will have a ________ holiday after the final exam. A. seven day B. seven days C. seven-day D. seven-days 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：期末考试后我们将有一个七天的假期。 空格处修饰名词 holiday，需用复合形容词作定语。根据规则“有连字符，名词单”，应选 seven-day。A项缺连字符，B项是名词短语不能作定语，D项名词用了复数，均错误。 3. The boy is only ________, but he can do a lot of housework. A. an eight-year-old B. eight years old C. eight-year-old D. eight-years-old 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：这个男孩只有八岁，但他能做很多家务。 空格位于系动词 is 之后，作表语，且后面没有名词。根据规则“无连字符，名词复”，表示年龄应用 eight years old。A、C、D项均为复合形容词形式，只能作定语修饰名词（如 an eight-year-old boy），不能单独作表语。 一、根据所给提示填空 1. Everyone in ________ (镇) helps clean the park on Earth Day. 【答案】town 【解析】句意：在地球日这一天，镇上的每个人都参与了公园的清洁工作。根据汉语提示，town“镇”，此处指公园所在的镇子，要用单数形式。故填town。 2. The birds fly to the ________ (南方) when the weather is cold. 【答案】south 【解析】句意：天气冷的时候，鸟儿就飞往南方。south“南方”，是方位名词。故填south。 3. The water looks quite ________ (深的) there. 【答案】deep 【解析】句意：那里的水看起来很深。deep“深的”，形容词作表语。故填deep。 4. We ran inside when we saw the ________ (闪电). 【答案】 lightning 【解析】句意：我们看到闪电就跑了进去。lightning“闪电”，不可数名词。故填lightning。 5. He slept ________ (自始至终) the night without waking up. 【答案】through 【解析】句意：他一整晚上都没有醒来。through表示“自始至终”，符合这里的语境，表达某个状态从开始到结束都没有变化。故填through。 6. A red lantern at a celebration means happiness and joy in Chinese ________ (传统). 【答案】tradition 【解析】句意：在庆典上，红灯笼在中国传统中代表着幸福与喜悦。“传统”对应英文tradition（名词），in Chinese tradition固定搭配，表示“在中国传统中”。 7. Peter is not happy today but I don’t know the ________ (原因). 【答案】reason 【解析】句意：彼得今天不开心，但我不知道原因。根据中文提示“原因”可知，此处应用名词“reason”，是可数名词，表示“原因”，符合“不知道彼得不开心的原因”的语境；此处“the”后接单数名词，指具体某一个原因。故填reason。 8. My teachers helps me ________ (决定) which books I choose. 【答案】decide 【解析】句意：我的老师帮助我决定我选择哪本书。决定：decide；help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”。故填decide。 9. We picked ________ (新鲜的) strawberries at the farm. 【答案】fresh 【解析】句意；我们在农场摘了新鲜的草莓。根据“We picked…strawberries at the farm.”以及汉语提示“新鲜的”可知，此处需要一个形容词修饰名词“strawberries”，fresh意为“新鲜的”，符合语境。故填fresh。 10. Be careful. The ground is ________ (湿的). 【答案】wet 【解析】句意：当心。地面是湿的。根据汉语提示可知，“湿的”英文为wet，形容词作表语，来表示主语the ground的状态。故填wet。 二、单项选择 1.（2025-2026·广东深圳·月考）Don’t _______ too much time playing computer games. It is not good for your study. A. take B. spend C. use D. pay 【答案】B 【解析】句意：不要花费太多时间玩电脑游戏。这对你的学习不好。 take花费；spend花费；use使用；pay付款。take常用句型为It takes sb. some time to do sth.；spend常用句型为spend some time (in) doing sth.；pay通常指付款，常与for搭配。根据题干“Don’t ... too much time playing”可知，本句为祈使句，隐含主语为you，且空后接time和doing形式，符合spend的用法。 2.（2025-2026·广东深圳·月考）It’s dangerous for children ________ in the street. A. play B. plays C. to play D. to playing 【答案】 C 【解析】句意：孩子们在街上玩是很危险的。 根据语境，表示做某事具有某种性质应该用固定结构It’s+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，可知此处应用动词不定式作真正主语。 3.（2025-2026·广东深圳·月考）Look at the _______ on the beach.Your feet are so big. A. features B. footprints C. balls D. chairs 【答案】B 【解析】句意：看沙滩上的脚印。你的脚真大。 features特征；footprints脚印；balls球；chairs椅子。根据后句“Your feet are so big.”可知是通过沙滩上的痕迹推测脚的大小，与脚直接相关的是脚印。 4.（2025-2026·广东深圳·月考）If your clothes are _______, they are not dry. A. lovely B. wet C. clean D. big 【答案】B 【解析】句意：如果你的衣服是湿的，那它们就不是干的。 lovely可爱的；wet湿的；clean干净的；big大的。根据后句“they are not dry”可知，衣服不干，说明是“湿的”，应填wet。 5.（2025-2026·广东深圳·月考）On a ________ and bright day, you can see most of the city from the top of Lianhua Mountain. A. warm B. clear C. wet D. cold 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在一个晴朗明亮的日子里，你可以从莲花山顶看到城市的大部分。 warm温暖的；clear晴朗的；wet潮湿的；cold寒冷的。根据“you can see most of the city from the top of Lianhua Mountain”可知，能从山顶看到城市大部分，说明天气晴朗，能见度好。 6.（2025-2026·广东广州·期中）Lily looked very ________ and Jim was looking at her ________. What happened? A. angry, angry B. angrily, angrily C. angry, angrily D. angrily, angry 【答案】C 【解析】句意：Lily看起来很生气，Jim正在生气地看着她。发生了什么？ 考查形容词和副词的用法辨析。angry生气的，是形容词；angrily生气地，是副词；第一空作为系动词look的表语，用形容词；第二空修饰动词短语look at her，用副词，故选C。 7.（2025-2026·广东广州·期中）—________ is the weather like in Guangzhou in spring? —It is warm and ________. A. How; rain B. How; rainy C. What; rainy D. What; rain 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——广州春天的天气怎么样？——温暖且多雨。 考查疑问词和形容词用法。“What is the weather like?”是询问天气的固定表达；答语中“warm and...”需用形容词rainy描述天气。故选C。 8.（2025-2026·广东广州·期中）— ______ is it from here to the train station? — It’s only a ______ walk. A. How long; 5-minute B. How long; 5 minutes C. How far; 5 minute’s D. How far; 5-minute 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——从这里到火车站有多远？——只有五分钟的步行路程。 考查疑问词辨析和复合形容词。how long多久；how far多远。根据答语“It’s only a...walk”可知此处询问距离；而由“a...walk”可知walk为名词，此处应用复合形容词或名词所有格作定语，复合形容词的结构为“数字+连字符+单数名词”，而根据“5”可知此处应用名词复数的所有格形式，故选D。 9. It’s not fun to go ______ a family outing when someone sleeps ______ the whole trip. A. /; during B. on; at C. on; through D. in; during 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当有人在整个旅途中一直睡觉时，进行家庭出游是没有乐趣的。 考查介词词义辨析。during在……期间；at在（某地）；on在……之上；through（从内部）通过，穿过；in在……里。根据“go...a family outing”可知，此处表示“去家庭出游”，go on a...outing意为“去……出游”，故第一空填on；根据“the whole trip”可知，此处表示“在整个旅途中”，through有“从头到尾、贯穿整个……期间”之意，故第二空填through。故选C。 10. The pandas in the zoo look very ________. A lot of people come to see them every day. A. lovely B. happily C. healthily D. strongly 【答案】A 【解析】句意：动物园里的熊猫看起来很可爱。每天都有很多人来看他们。 考查形容词辨析。lovely可爱的，形容词；happily高兴地，副词；healthily健康地，副词；strongly强烈地，副词。look是系动词，后接形容词作表语，故选A。 三、句型转换 1. Lucy likes the English Club best. (同义句转换) The English Club is Lucy’s ________ ________. 【答案】favorite club 【解析】句意：露西最喜欢英语俱乐部。原句中“like…best”表示“最喜欢……”，同义转换可用“one’s favorite+名词”结构，favorite意为“最喜欢的”，后面接被喜爱的事物，此处对应俱乐部，填club。 2. Mr. Green has a daughter. She is eight months old. （同义句转换） Mr. Green has ________ ________ daughter. 【答案】an eight-month-old 【解析】句意：格林先生有一个女儿。她八个月大。原句中“八个月大” 是关键词，需要将“She is eight months old”转化为两个词语修饰daughter，因此应使用复合形容词；复合形容词规则：“数词-名词-形容词”构成复合形容词修饰名词时，中间需用连字符连接，且名词必须用单数形式；因此，“eight months old”变为“eight-month-old”，题干两个空，eight以元音音素起始，此处表示一个女儿，因此复合形容词前不定冠词用an。 3. The boy is so young that he can’t go to school now. (同义句转换) The boy isn’t ________ ________ to go to school now. 【答案】 old enough 【解析】句意：这个男孩年纪太小了，现在还不能去上学。原句用“so...that... (如此……以至于……)”引导结果状语从句，表达“男孩太小，还不能上学”，可以转换为“not+形容词的反义词+enough+to do sth.”的结构；原句形容词是young“年幼的”，反义词为old“年长的”；enough修饰形容词时要放在形容词后面，构成old enough；句子已有否定词“isn’t”，无需再额外加否定词。故填old；enough。 4. (2025-2026·广东广州·期末）学习关于人工智能的新知识令他们兴奋。 ________ ________ for them ________ learn new knowledge about AI. 【答案】It’s exciting to 【解析】原句考查固定句型It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.，表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，表示“令人兴奋的”的单词是exciting，句首用It’s作形式主语，真正主语为后面的动词不定式，不定式符号to后接动词原形。 5. (2025-2026·广东广州·期中）这个时候和她的朋友们去那里野餐是很棒的。 ________ ________ ________ ________ picnics there with her friends at this time of year. 【答案】It’s wonderful to have 【解析】根据句意可知，此处表达“做某事是很棒的”，常用句型“It’s + 形容词 + to do sth.”来表述，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式“to do sth.” ；“很棒的”对应的英文是“wonderful” ；“去野餐”用“have picnics”。故填It’s；wonderful；to；have 。 6.(2025-2026·广东广州·期中）Jake也喜欢音乐，他说：“每天弹吉他很有趣。” Jake also likes music, and he says, “_______ ________ to ___________ _________ _________ every day.” 【答案】 It’s interesting play the guitar 【解析】做某事是……的：it’s adj. to do sth.，it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式；有趣的：interesting，形容词作表语；弹吉他：play the guitar。故填It’s；interesting；play；the；guitar。 7. 这是一个充满新生命和新希望的季节。 ________ ________ ________ ________ new life and new hope. 【答案】 It’s a season of 【解析】It is“这是”，可缩写成It’s；a season of“……的季节”。故填It’s；a；season；of。 8.(2025-2026·广东广州·单元测）技术在现代生活中发挥着重要作用。 Technology ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ modern life. 【答案】plays an important part in 【解析】在……中发挥着重要作用：play an important part in；句子用一般现在时，主语是Technology，谓语动词用单三。故填plays；an；important；part；in。 9. 事实上，年被分为24个部分。依据太阳在太空的位置而划分。 In fact, the year ________ ________ ________ 24 parts, based on where the sun is in the sky. 【答案】 is divided into 【解析】对照中英文可知缺少“被分为”，“被分为”be divided into，时态是一般现在时，主语是三单，be动词用is。故填is；divided；into。 10.(2025-2026·广东广州·单元测）她每天晚上都忙于做作业。 She ________ ________ _______ her homework every night. 【答案】is busy doing 【解析】结合中英文提示可知，此处所缺表达为“忙于做”，应译为be busy doing sth.，“做作业”译为do homework。本句主语为she，且时间状语为every night，故应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故填is；busy；doing。 四、阅读理解 A (2025-2026·广东广州·期中） Different kinds of weather make people feel different. They influence (影响) health, intelligence and feelings. In the southern part of the United States, it is very hot sometimes and very cold at other time. People in those places have more heart trouble and other kinds of health problems after the weather changes in February or March. The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in the report of 1983 by scientists, IQ of a group of students is very high when a very strong wind comes, but after the strong wind, their IQ is 10% lower. The wind can help people have more intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand, can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse scores in exams in the hot months of the year. Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold and unhappy during these months. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. Low air pressure (气压) may make people forgetful. Scientists say people leave more bags on buses and in shops on those days. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃. Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem. 1. Students in the US may get lower grades if they take an exam in ________. A. May B. December C. July D. February 2. According to the article, which is NOT likely influenced by weather? A. Jason’s IQ is higher when a strong wind comes. B. On a windy day, David left his schoolbag on the bus. C. Tina had a heart attack after the weather change in February. D. Linda, who is very thin, often feels colder and less happy in winter. 3. What’s the structure of the passage? A. ①/②/③④/⑤ B. ①/②/③④⑤ C. ①/②③④/⑤ D. ①/②③④⑤ 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了天气影响健康、智力和情绪。 【解析】1. 第三段提到“Students in many schools of the United States often get worse scores in exams in the hot months of the year.”，在四个选项中，July是北半球夏季最热的月份之一，属于“hot months”，符合文意。 2. 第三段“wind can help people have more intelligence”表明强风时智商更高，A项符合原文；第四段“Low air pressure may make people forgetful ... people leave more bags on buses”表明，忘记东西的原因是低气压，不是有风，B项不符合原文；第二段“people ... have more heart trouble...after the weather changes in February or March”表明二月天气变化后心脏病发作，C项符合原文；第四段“Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold and unhappy”表明瘦人冬天更冷更不开心，D项符合原文。因此B项是最不可能受天气影响的一项。 3. 第一段总说天气影响健康、智力、感受；第二、三、四段分别说明这三方面的影响；第五段总结。结构是①/②③④/⑤，C项符合。 B (2024-2025·广东深圳·期中） ① When spring ends, there comes the first solar term (节气) of summer, Lixia, or the Start of Summer. Lixia is the seventh of the 24 Chinese solar terms. It started on May 6 of this year and ended on May 20. ② Farmers are usually happy to welcome the coming of Lixia. Plants and crops begin to grow faster during this time. Lixia is the best time of year to plant early rice in the south of China. It is also a good time to collect tea leaves. ③ In China, there’re many old traditions during Lixia. For example, people cook different kinds of beans (豆) with rice in some places. The beans are red, yellow, black and green while the rice is white. It is also called Five-Coloured Rice and shows people's good wishes for a colourful life. In other places, parents prepare bags with a boiled egg in them and make their children wear the bags around their necks. They think this can stop their children from getting ill in summer. ④ The tradition of eating ice at the beginning of summer has a long history in China. In old times, during Lixia, emperors would give ice to their courtiers (朝臣). Icy drinks were quite popular then. ⑤ There’re also other Lixia traditions like singing folk songs. People also weigh themselves during Lixia. The tradition started from the Three Kingdoms Period (220—280). People think this will bring health and good luck to them. 1. Why are farmers happy when Lixia comes? A. Because they can eat ice. B. Because they can wear special bags. C. Because crops grow faster and it’s a good time to plant. D. Because they can sing folk songs. 2. What does the underlined word “this” refer to? A. Cooking five-coloured rice. B. Eating some beans every day. C. Making wishes on the first day of Lixia. D. Wearing a bag with a boiled egg in it. 3. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The writer talks about four different traditions during Lixia. B. The Five-Coloured Rice is made of rice of five different colours C. People think weighing themselves during Lixia can bring good luck. D. The tradition of eating ice started from the Three Kingdoms Period. 4. Which is the structure (结构) of the passage? A. ①/②/③④⑤. B. ①/②③④/⑤. C. ①/②③/④⑤. D. ①②/③/④⑤. 5. What is the purpose (目的) of this passage? A. To show the writer’s love for summer. B. To tell readers something about Lixia. C. To tell readers how to eat well in summer. D. To teach readers what to do in summer. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国二十四节气中的第七个节气——立夏，详细描述了立夏的时间、对农业生产的意义以及中国民间在立夏时节的多种传统习俗。 【解析】1. 根据第二段中的“Plants and crops begin to grow faster during this time. Lixia is the best time of year to plant early rice in the south of China.”可知，农民们在立夏时感到高兴是因为农作物生长加快，且此时是种植的好时机。 2. 根据第三段中的“In other places, parents prepare bags with a boiled egg in them and make their children wear the bags around their necks. They think this can stop their children from getting ill in summer.”可知，代词“this”指代的是前一句提到的“让孩子们挂着装有煮鸡蛋的袋子”这一行为。 3. 根据第五段中的“People also weigh themselves during Lixia... People think this will bring health and good luck to them.”（人们在立夏也会称体重……人们认为这会给他们带来健康和好运）可知，C选项“人们认为在立夏称体重能带来好运”表述正确。 4. 通读全文可知，第一段总起全文，介绍立夏的到来及时间；第二段介绍立夏对农业生产的意义（农事）；第三、四、五段分别介绍了立夏期间的各种传统习俗（如吃五色饭、挂蛋、吃冰、称体重、唱民歌等）。因此，文章的结构应为“总起（①）/ 农事意义（②）/ 传统习俗（③④⑤）”。 5. 通读全文可知，文章围绕“立夏”这一节气，客观地向读者介绍了其时间、农业意义以及相关的传统习俗。因此，作者的写作目的是“告诉读者一些关于立夏的信息”。 五、完形填空 (2024-2025·广东深圳·月考） I come from a small village. My hometown is very beautiful and I love it very much. There are some hills and a river around my hometown. The hills are beautiful. The river is 1 and the people are kind here. My hometown has different views (景色) in different 2 . When spring comes, the weather gets 3 . Trees and grass turn green. The villagers 4 to sow (播种). Summer is my favourite season. It’s hot. We can 5 all kinds of fruit. After school my friends and I like to swim in the river. We often have a 6 time there. Autumn is the harvest season. The 7 are very happy because they can get a good harvest after working hard for a year. In winter, it is cold and it snows a lot in my hometown. Because of the cold weather, most people in the village usually stay at 8 , watching TV or playing cards. The children often 9 warm clothes. And they like to go out to skate and 10 when it snows. I love my hometown. I hope it will be more beautiful in the future. 1. A. dirty B. clean C. dry D. wet 2. A. years B. places C. months D. seasons 3. A. cool B. cold C. warm D. hot 4. A. start B. agree C. listen D. finish 5. A. make B. sell C. eat D. take 6. A. hard B. good C. busy D. bad 7. A. teachers B. parents C. students D. farmers 8. A. home B. school C. bank D. library 9. A. wash B. wear C. sell D. put 10. A. fly kites B. go swimming C. make snowmen D. have picnics 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C 【导语】本文主要介绍作者家乡四季的变化以及从事的活动。 【解析】1. 句意：这条河很干净，这里的人也很友善。 dirty肮脏的；clean干净的；dry干的；wet湿的。根据上文“My hometown is very beautiful”可知，作者的家乡很美丽，所以应该是这条河很干净。故选B。 2. 句意：我的家乡在不同的季节有不同的景色。 years年；places地方；months月；seasons季节。根据下文“When spring comes…Summer is my favourite season…Autumn is the harvest season…In winter”可知，此处指季节。故选D。 3. 句意：春天来了，天气变暖和了。 cool凉爽的；cold寒冷的；warm暖和的；hot炎热的。根据“When spring comes”可知，春天来了，天气应该变暖。故选C。 4. 句意：村民们开始播种。 start开始；agree同意；listen听；finish结束。根据“When spring comes”可知，春天，农民们开始播种庄稼。故选A。 5. 句意：我们可以吃各种水果。 make制造；sell卖；eat吃；take拿。根据“Summer is my favourite season.”并结合选项可知，夏天可以吃到各种水果。故选C。 6. 句意：我们经常在那里玩得很开心。 hard艰难的；good好的；busy忙碌的；bad坏的。根据上文“After school my friends and I like to swim in the river.”可知，喜欢在河里游泳，应该是玩得很开心，have a good time“玩得愉快”，是固定词组。故选B。 7. 句意：农民们非常高兴，因为经过一年的努力，他们可以获得丰收。 teachers老师们；parents父母；students学生们；farmers农民们。根据“they can get a good harvest after working hard for a year”可知，此处应是农民们获得丰收。故选D。 8. 句意：由于天气寒冷，村里的大多数人通常待在家里，看电视或打牌。 home家；school学校；bank银行；library图书馆。根据“Because of the cold weather”可知，天气寒冷，所以人们应该是待在家里，从事娱乐活动。故选A。 9. 句意：孩子们经常穿暖和的衣服。 wash洗；wear穿；sell卖；put放置。根据“And they like to go out to skate”可知，出去滑冰，所以应是穿上暖和的衣服。故选B。 10. 句意：他们喜欢在下雪的时候出去滑冰和堆雪人。 fly kites放风筝；go swimming去游泳；make snowmen堆雪人；have picnics去野餐。根据“when it snows”可知，下雪的时候应该堆雪人。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $