Unit1 Grammar 重点短语与知识点 巩固练习 2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语新授课同步练，聚焦形容词比较级和最高级，通过三层递进设计实现从基础记忆到综合语用的知识巩固，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础认知|核心短语及基本形式|短语互译、单词拼写，复现课本语境强化记忆| |技能应用|比较级/最高级变化及用法|适当形式填空、单项选择，梯度训练语法结构| |综合输出|句型综合应用及语篇构建|句子翻译、微写作，真实情境表达提升语用能力|

Unit 1 Friendship — Grammar 重点短语 · 知识点归纳 · 巩固练习 第一部分 重点短语（Key phrases） 英文短语 中文释义 课本语境 / 例句 longer than mine 比我的长 Betty's hair is longer than mine. (p12) the tallest boy in our class 班上最高的男生 Max is the tallest boy in our class. (p12) more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. stronger and stronger 越来越强大 China is becoming stronger and stronger. the most helpful person 最乐于助人的人 Betty is the most helpful person in our class. one of the most valuable things 最珍贵的东西之一 Friendship is one of the most valuable things in the world. much larger than Japan 远比日本大 China is much larger than Japan. even more beautiful than before 甚至比以前更漂亮 She is even more beautiful than before. than any other country in Asia 比亚洲任何其他国家都大 China is larger than any other country in Asia. the most wonderful ideas 最棒的主意 She always thinks of the most wonderful ideas. 第二部分 知识点讲解（Language notes） 0. 核心结构公式（句型框架，非固定词组） 下列公式中方框＝可替换成分（比较级 / 原级 / 最高级 / 名词）。它们是句型骨架，不是能整体背下来的词组： comparative adjective / superlative adjective —— 形容词比较级 / 最高级（语法术语） 比较级 + than —— 比……更…… the + 最高级 (+ of/in/among + 范围) —— 最…… more and more + 原级 / 比较级 + and + 比较级 —— 越来越…… the + 比较级 ..., the + 比较级 ... —— 越……，就越…… one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 —— 最……的……之一 a little / much / even + 比较级 —— 稍微 / 远比 / 甚至更…… 比较级 + than any other + 单数名词 —— 比其他任何……都更……（表最高级含义） 1. 形容词的三个等级 大多数形容词有三种形式：原级（positive）、比较级（comparative）、最高级（superlative）。描述一个人或事物没有比较时用原级；两者比较用比较级；三者及以上比较用最高级。 Sandy is tall. → Sandy is taller than Amy. → Sandy is the tallest in my class. 2. 规则变化 ① 一般单音节或部分双音节形容词：词尾直接加 -er / -est。 long → longer → longest; small → smaller → smallest ② 以不发音的字母 e 结尾：加 -r / -st。 fine → finer → finest; nice → nicer → nicest ③ 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾：变 y 为 i，再加 -er / -est。 tidy → tidier → tidiest; pretty → prettier → prettiest ④ 重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母：双写该辅音字母，再加 -er / -est。 big → bigger → biggest; slim → slimmer → slimmest ⑤ 多音节或部分双音节形容词：前面加 more / most。 beautiful → more beautiful → the most beautiful; wonderful → more wonderful → the most wonderful 3. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well better best bad / ill worse worst many / much more most little less least 4. 比较级的常见用法 ① 基本结构：A + be + 比较级 + than + B，表示“ A 比 B 更……”。 Max is more interesting than his classmates. ② 两者选择：Which / Who + be + 比较级, A or B? Who is taller, Betty or Max? ③ 程度修饰：比较级前可加 a little, a bit, much, a lot, even, far 等表示程度差异。 China is much larger than Japan. ④ 越来越……：比较级 + and + 比较级；多音节词用 more and more + 原级。 The weather is getting colder and colder. Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. ⑤ 越……，就越……：the + 比较级 ..., the + 比较级 ... The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 5. 最高级的常见用法 ① 基本结构：A + be + the + 最高级 + of / in / among + 范围，表示“在某范围内最……”。 Russia is the largest country in the world. He is the tallest of the three boys. ② 用“one of the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”。 Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. ③ 序数词修饰最高级，表示“第几最……”。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. ④ 形容词性物主代词、名词所有格或指示代词可直接放在最高级前，此时不用 the。 Kate is my best friend. This is Daniel's best friend. 6. 比较级表达最高级含义 ① 同一范围内：比较级 + than any other + 单数可数名词，表示“比其他所有都更……”。不同范围则不加 other。 China is larger than any other country in Asia. China is larger than any country in Africa. ② 否定词 + 比较级，表达“没有比……更……”，隐含最高级含义。 I have never seen a more beautiful city than this. Your answer couldn't be better. 第三部分 巩固练习（Consolidation exercises） 一、短语英汉互译 A. 英译中： 1. longer than mine 2. the most helpful person 3. more and more beautiful 4. than any other country in Asia B. 中译英： 5. 班上最高的男生 6. 越来越强大 7. 最珍贵的东西之一 8. 比亚洲任何其他国家都大 二、根据句意及首字母 / 汉语提示写单词 1. The weather is getting c________ and c________. (越来越冷) 2. She is even b________ at dancing than her sister. (擅长) 3. Lucy is the s________ of the three sisters. (矮的) 4. This question is much d________ than that one. (困难的) 5. He is one of the most h________ students in our class. (助人为乐的) 6. The book is i________ than the film. (有趣的) 三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. Tom is ________ (tall) than Jack, but he is not the ________ (tall) in his family. 2. The Yangtze River is the ________ (long) river in China. 3. The more you read, the ________ (rich) your knowledge will be. 4. Amy is getting ________ and ________ (good) at English. 5. Which subject is ________ (difficult), Chinese or maths? 6. Shanghai is one of the ________ (big) cities in the world. 7. The old man feels even ________ (bad) today than yesterday. 8. My cousin is the ________ (clever) student in his class. 9. China is much ________ (large) than any other country in Asia. 10. The weather in Nanjing is hotter than ________ (that / those) in Beijing. 四、单项选择 1. The harder you work, the ________ progress you will make. A. many B. more C. most D. much 2. —Who runs ________, Tom or Jack? —Tom does. A. faster B. fastest C. the fastest D. fast 3. This math problem is ________ than that one. I can't work it out. A. easy B. easier C. more difficult D. the most difficult 4. The Yellow River is the ________ longest river in China. A. two B. second C. twice D. twelfth 5. Kate is my ________ friend. She always understands me best. A. good B. better C. best D. well 6. —Which city is ________ beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou? —I think Beijing is. A. more B. the more C. most D. the most 7. The cake tastes ________ than the one I made last week. A. delicious B. more delicious C. most delicious D. the most delicious 8. Nothing is ________ than health when you are ill. A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important 9. He is ________ than any other student in his class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 10. The weather in Harbin is colder than ________ in Hainan in winter. A. it B. that C. those D. one 五、句子翻译 将下列整句翻译成英文。 1. 贝蒂的头发比我的长。 2. 马克斯是他们班最高的男生。 3. 上海是中国最大的城市之一。 4. 你练习得越多，你的英语就会越好。 5. 这幅画和那幅画，哪一幅更漂亮？ 6. 秋天天气正变得越来越凉爽。 六、微写作（3–4 句） 运用本课「形容词比较级和最高级」，介绍你最好的朋友和他 / 她与其他朋友相比的特点。 My best friend is ... He / She is ... than ... He / She is also the ... in our class / among my friends. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 参考答案（Answer key） 一、短语英汉互译 A: 1. 比我的长 2. 最乐于助人的人 3. 越来越漂亮 4. 比亚洲任何其他国家都大 B: 5. the tallest boy in our class 6. stronger and stronger 7. one of the most valuable things 8. larger than any other country in Asia 二、写单词 1. colder; colder 2. better 3. shortest 4. more difficult 5. helpful 6. more interesting 三、适当形式填空 1. taller; tallest 2. longest 3. richer 4. better; better 5. more difficult 6. biggest 7. worse 8. cleverest 9. larger 10. that 四、单项选择 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. B 五、句子翻译（整体理解） 1. Betty's hair is longer than mine. 2. Max is the tallest boy in his class. 3. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 4. The more you practise, the better your English will be. 5. Which picture is more beautiful, this one or that one? 6. The weather is becoming/gets cooler and cooler in autumn. 六、微写作（参考范文） My best friend is Lily. She is taller and thinner than most girls in our class. She is also the most hard-working student among my friends. She always gets better grades than me in English tests. I feel lucky to have such a wonderful friend. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $