Unit 5 Languages Around the World Discovering Useful Structures 基础+能力分层练-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

**基本信息** 高中英语新授课同步练，以“基础+综合”分层设计构建从单一语法到语篇应用的知识巩固路径，兼顾语言能力培养与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础全面练|关系代词/副词等核心语法点|通过10题关系词填空（如when/where/whose）和语篇语法填空，聚焦基础语法规则应用，夯实语言能力基础| |综合应用练|语法与语篇理解、文化意识融合|设置阅读理解（语言学习研究、科技助沟通）、完形填空（语言学习经历）及语篇语法填空，实现从语法到综合语言运用的进阶，提升思维品质与学习能力|

2026-2027学年Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures 基础+能力分层练高中英语必修一 基础全面练 Ⅰ. 用恰当的关系词填空 1. I'll never forget the day ______ I first met my English teacher in the park. 2. The reason ______ she was late for school was that her bike broke down on the way. 3. This is the library ______ we often borrow books and magazines. 4. The man ______ is standing at the school gate is our new headmaster. 5. The book ______ cover is red belongs to my best friend. 6. I don't know the person ______ you talked with just now. 7. The village ______ I was born has changed a lot over the years. 8. There was a time ______ I hated learning English because I found it too difficult. 9. The pen ______ I wrote my first English composition is still kept in my drawer. 10. We visited the school ______ was built 100 years ago and has a long history. Ⅱ. 单元语法填空 Last summer, I attended an English summer camp 1.______ I made many new friends. The camp was held in a beautiful place 2.______ the air was fresh and the scenery was amazing. The teacher 3.______ taught us was a young lady from Canada. She had a unique way of teaching 4.______ made us feel relaxed and interested. One day, we had a discussion about the languages 5.______ we speak in our daily life. A student 6.______ father is a diplomat shared his experience of learning different languages. He said the reason 7.______ he could speak three languages fluently was that he practiced them every day. The camp lasted for two weeks, during 8.______ I improved my spoken English greatly. I still remember the moment 9.______ I first gave a speech in English in front of the whole camp. It was an unforgettable experience 10.______ will stay with me forever. 综合应用练 Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A Learning a new language is never easy, but it can be especially challenging for adults. Many people believe that children are better at learning languages because their brains are more flexible. However, recent research suggests that adults may have some advantages over children when it comes to language learning. Dr. Sarah Thompson, a linguist at the University of London, conducted a study involving 500 adults and 500 children. The participants were asked to learn a new language—Hungarian—for six months. The results showed that adults learned grammar rules faster than children, while children were better at pronunciation and picking up vocabulary naturally. Thompson explained that adults have better analytical skills. They can understand complex grammar rules and apply them logically. Children, on the other hand, learn through immersion and repetition, which helps them develop a native-like accent. However, adults often struggle with pronunciation because their speech organs have become fixed. The study also found that motivation plays a key role. Adults who had a strong reason to learn the language, such as for work or travel, performed better than those who learned it just for fun. Children, however, learned regardless of their motivation level, as long as they were exposed to the language regularly. Thompson concluded that both adults and children can be successful language learners, but they need different approaches. Adults should focus on structured learning and practice, while children benefit more from playful, immersive environments. 1. What is the main purpose of Thompson's study? A. To prove children are better language learners. B. To compare the language learning abilities of adults and children. C. To show that adults cannot learn languages well. D. To explain why Hungarian is a difficult language. 2. What advantage do adults have over children in language learning according to the study? A. Better pronunciation. B. Faster vocabulary acquisition. C. Faster grammar learning. D. More flexible brains. 3. Why do adults often struggle with pronunciation? A. Because they lack motivation. B. Because their speech organs have become fixed. C. Because they don't practice enough. D. Because they are too old to learn. 4. What is the key factor for adults' success in language learning according to the passage? A. Age. B. Motivation. C. Natural talent. D. Immersion. B Sign language is a visual language that uses hand gestures, facial expressions, and body movements to communicate. It is not universal; different countries have their own sign languages, just as they have their own spoken languages. For example, American Sign Language (ASL) is different from British Sign Language (BSL), even though both countries speak English. In recent years, technology has been used to bridge the gap between sign language users and non-users. One such innovation is a smart glove developed by a team of engineers at the University of California. The glove is equipped with sensors that can detect hand movements and translate them into spoken words through a connected smartphone app. The glove works by recognizing specific gestures and matching them to a database of signs. When a user makes a sign, the sensors send signals to the smartphone, which then converts the sign into text or speech. The device is designed to help people with hearing impairments communicate more easily with those who do not understand sign language. However, the developers admit that the technology is not perfect. It currently recognizes only a limited number of signs and may struggle with complex sentences. They are working on improving the accuracy and expanding the sign database. Despite its limitations, the smart glove represents a significant step forward in assistive technology and has the potential to change the lives of millions of people around the world. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Sign language is the same all over the world. B. Technology is helping to bridge the communication gap for sign language users. C. The smart glove is perfect and widely used. D. American Sign Language is the best sign language. 6. How does the smart glove work? A. It translates hand movements into spoken words through a smartphone app. B. It uses facial expressions to communicate. C. It can recognize all sign languages in the world. D. It helps people with hearing impairments hear sounds. 7. What is the limitation of the smart glove? A. It is too expensive for most people. B. It can only be used by children. C. It recognizes only a limited number of signs. D. It cannot connect to a smartphone. 8. What can we infer from the passage? A. The smart glove will soon replace sign language. B. Technology can play a positive role in helping people with disabilities. C. Sign language will disappear in the future. D. The developers have stopped improving the glove. Ⅱ. 完形填空 I still remember the first time I tried to learn a foreign language. I was 12 years old, and my school offered Spanish as an elective. At first, I was very 1_____ because I thought it would be easy. I had always been good at memorizing things, so I believed I could 2 _____all the new words quickly. However, when I started, I realized it was not as easy as I had 3_____. The pronunciation was difficult, and the grammar rules were completely different from English. I felt 4_____ and wanted to give up after the first few classes. One day, our teacher, Mr. Rodriguez, noticed my struggle. He asked me to stay after class and said, "Learning a language is not just about memorizing words; it's about 5_____ a new way of thinking." He suggested that I watch Spanish cartoons and listen to Spanish songs to get used to the 6_____. I followed his advice and started watching a cartoon called "Dora the Explorer." At first, I understood nothing, but gradually, I began to 7_____ some words and phrases. I also made friends with a Spanish-speaking student in my class, and we 8_____ each other with our languages. She helped me with Spanish, and I helped her with English. Over time, my 9_____ improved, and I started to enjoy learning Spanish. I even joined the school's Spanish club, where we practiced speaking and learned about the culture. Now, I can have simple 10_____ with native speakers, and I feel proud of my progress. This experience taught me that with the right 11 _____and practice, anyone can learn a new language. Looking back, I realize that the key to success was not just my 12_____ to memorize words, but my willingness to step out of my comfort zone and try new methods. Mr. Rodriguez's words still 13_____ with me today: "Language is not a subject; it's a bridge to understanding other cultures." Now, as a high school student, I am learning French, and I am using the same 14_____ that helped me with Spanish. I know it will be a long journey, but I am 15_____ for the challenge. 1. A. nervous B. excited C. worried D. angry 2. A. forget B. create C. remember D. invent 3. A. thought B. promised C. hoped D. planned 4. A. happy B. confident C. discouraged D. surprised 5. A. changing B. understanding C. forgetting D. avoiding 6. A. sound B. meaning C. culture D. grammar 7. A. read B. write C. catch D. miss 8. A. taught B. helped C. tested D. challenged 9. A. pronunciation B. vocabulary C. skills D. grades 10. A. mistakes B. conversations C. friends D. decisions 11. A. method B. book C. teacher D. dictionary 12. A. chance B. right C. ability D. time 13. A. agrees B. competes C. compares D. resonates 14. A. words B. languages C. methods D. rules 15. A. ready B. sorry C. famous D. late Ⅲ. 语法填空 English is a global language 1.______ is spoken by millions of people around the world. It has become the language of international communication, business, and science. However, the English 2.______ (speak) in different countries can vary greatly. In the United Kingdom, people use many words and expressions 3.______ are not used in other English-speaking countries. For example, the word "boot" in British English refers to the back of a car, while in American English, it is called the "trunk." These differences can sometimes cause confusion for learners. The history of English is a long and interesting one. The language originated from a group of West Germanic tribes 4.______ came to Britain in the 5th century. Over time, it was influenced by Latin, French, and other languages. The Norman Conquest in 1066 brought many French words into English, 5.______ changed the language significantly. Today, English continues to evolve. New words are being added to dictionaries every year, and technology has made it easier for people to learn and use English. The internet has also helped to spread English globally, with many websites and social media platforms 6.______ (use) English as their primary language. Despite the differences between British, American, and other varieties of English, speakers from different countries can usually understand each other. This is because the core vocabulary and grammar remain 7.______ same. However, it is important for learners to be aware of the differences so that they can communicate 8.______ (effective) in different situations. Some experts believe that in the future, there may be even more varieties of English as the language spreads to new regions. However, the most important thing is that English serves as a tool for people from different cultures 9.______ (connect) and understand each other. As long as we keep an open mind and a willingness to learn, we can all benefit from the power of language. Whether you are learning English for work, travel, or personal interest, remember that every new word you learn is a step towards 10.______ (build) bridges between cultures. 答案解析 基础全面练 Ⅰ. 用恰当的关系词填空 1. when　考查定语从句。先行词是the day，在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。 2. why　考查定语从句。先行词是the reason，在从句中作原因状语，用关系副词why。 3. where　考查定语从句。先行词是the library，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。 4. who/that　考查定语从句。先行词是The man，指人，在从句中作主语，用who或that。 5. whose　考查定语从句。先行词是The book，与cover是所属关系，用关系代词whose。 6. who/whom/that　考查定语从句。先行词是the person，指人，在从句中作宾语，用who/whom/that或省略。 7. where　考查定语从句。先行词是The village，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。 8. when　考查定语从句。先行词是a time，在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。 9. with which　考查定语从句。先行词是The pen，从句还原为"I wrote my first English composition with the pen"，介词with提前，用with which。 10. which/that　考查定语从句。先行词是the school，指物，在从句中作主语，用which或that。 Ⅱ. 单元语法填空 1. where　考查定语从句。先行词是an English summer camp，在从句中作地点状语，用where。 2. where　考查定语从句。先行词是a beautiful place，在从句中作地点状语，用where。 3. who/that　考查定语从句。先行词是The teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，用who或that。 4. that/which　考查定语从句。先行词是way，指物，在从句中作主语，用that或which。 5. that/which　考查定语从句。先行词是languages，指物，在从句中作宾语，用that或which。 6. whose　考查定语从句。先行词是A student，与father是所属关系，用whose。 7. why　考查定语从句。先行词是the reason，在从句中作原因状语，用why。 8. which　考查定语从句。先行词是two weeks，介词during后接which，构成"介词+关系代词"结构。 9. when　考查定语从句。先行词是the moment，在从句中作时间状语，用when。 10. that/which　考查定语从句。先行词是experience，指物，在从句中作主语，用that或which。 综合应用练 Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A篇 1. B　细节理解题。根据第一段"Dr. Sarah Thompson... conducted a study involving 500 adults and 500 children"以及全文对比成人和儿童的语言学习能力可知，研究的主要目的是比较两者的差异。 2. C　细节理解题。根据第二段"The results showed that adults learned grammar rules faster than children"可知，成人在语法学习方面更快。 3. B　细节理解题。根据第三段"adults often struggle with pronunciation because their speech organs have become fixed"可知，成人的发音器官已经固定。 4. B　细节理解题。根据第四段"The study also found that motivation plays a key role"以及"Adults who had a strong reason... performed better"可知，动机是成人成功的关键因素。 B篇 5. B　主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了科技如何帮助手语使用者与非使用者之间的沟通，特别是智能手套的发明。 6. A　细节理解题。根据第二段"The glove is equipped with sensors... translate them into spoken words through a connected smartphone app"可知，手套通过智能手机应用将手势转换为语音。 7. C　细节理解题。根据第四段"It currently recognizes only a limited number of signs"可知，其局限性在于只能识别有限的手势。 8. B　推理判断题。文章介绍了智能手套帮助听障人士，可以推断出科技在帮助残障人士方面发挥了积极作用。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 1. B　考查形容词。刚开始学外语时，作者认为会很容易，所以感到兴奋。excited意为"兴奋的"。 2. C　考查动词。作者擅长记忆，所以相信自己能快速记住所有新单词。remember意为"记住"。 3. A　考查动词。实际情况并不像作者想的那样。think意为"认为"，过去式为thought。 4. C　考查形容词。发音难，语法不同，作者感到气馁。discouraged意为"气馁的，灰心的"。 5. B　考查动词。老师的话"学习语言不仅仅是记忆单词，而是理解一种新的思维方式"。understand意为"理解"。 6. A　考查名词。看动画片、听歌曲是为了习惯西班牙语的发音。sound意为"声音，发音"。 7. C　考查动词。逐渐开始听懂一些单词和短语。catch意为"听懂，领会"。 8. B　考查动词。互相帮助学习语言。help意为"帮助"。 9. C　考查名词。随着时间的推移，作者的技能提高了。skills意为"技能"。 10. B　考查名词。现在能和母语者进行简单的对话。conversations意为"对话"。 11. A　考查名词。有了正确的方法，任何人都能学好语言。method意为"方法"。 12. C　考查名词。成功的关键不是记忆单词的能力，而是愿意尝试新方法。ability意为"能力"。 13. D　考查动词。老师的话至今仍引起共鸣。resonate意为"共鸣，回响"。 14. C　考查名词。用同样的方法学习法语。methods意为"方法"。 15. A　考查形容词。准备好迎接挑战。be ready for意为"为……做好准备"。 Ⅲ. 语法填空 1. that/which　考查定语从句。先行词是language，指物，在从句中作主语，用that或which。 2. spoken　考查非谓语动词。English与speak之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。 3. that/which　考查定语从句。先行词是words and expressions，指物，在从句中作主语，用that或which。 4. that/who　考查定语从句。先行词是tribes，指人，在从句中作主语，用that或who。 5. which　考查定语从句。先行词是French words，指物，用which引导非限制性定语从句。 6. using　考查非谓语动词。with复合结构中，websites and social media platforms与use是主动关系，用现在分词。 7. the　考查冠词。the same是固定搭配，意为"相同的"。 8. effectively　考查副词。修饰动词communicate用副词形式。 9. to connect　考查非谓语动词。for people to do sth. 是动词不定式复合结构，作后置定语。 10. building　考查非谓语动词。towards是介词，后接动名词作宾语。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $