Unit 5 Period 4 Discovering Useful Structures-【无敌原创】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课时卷

C.translated翻译的；D.expected预期的。根据上文“no perfect equivalent（对应物)”可知，中英文没有完全 对等的词汇，所有无法给出确切含义，故选A。 12.A考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我想更好 地理解一个词的意思时，她坚持让我在单语词典中阅读 这个词的定义。A.understanding理解；B.practice练习； C.expression表达；D.consideration考虑。根据句中“read the definition of a word in a monolingual dictionary”可知， 在单语词典中阅读这个词的定义是为了更好地理解一个 词的意思，故选A。 13.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我明白了她 的意思。A.wanted想要；B.preferred首选；C.meant意 味着；D.suffered遭受。根据上文可知，姑姑坚持让我 用英英词典，我最初并不理解，结合句中“Gradually,.I have come to see'”可知，我渐渐明白了她的意思，故选C。 14.D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本词典在定义 中使用的单词数量有限，大约有2000个。A.extra额外的： B.average普通的；C.total,总的，全部的；D.limited有限的。 根据句中“around2,000”可知，英英词典中用于释义 的词汇有限，故选D。 15.A考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我阅读这些定义 时，我反复接触到基本的单词，并学习如何使用它们来 解释物体和思想。A.repeatedly反复地；B.nearly几乎地； C.immediately立即地；D.anxiously焦急地。根据上文可 知，英英词典中用于释义的词汇大约是2000个，所有 在阅读这些定义时，我是反复接触到它们，故选A。 UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD Period 4 Discovering Useful Structures 【基础过关】 一、 1.who/that先行词friend指人，定语从句中缺少主语， 故填who/hat。 2.which/that先行词dress指物，定语从句中缺少宾语， 故填which/that. 3.whose先行词man指人，定语从句中缺少定语，故 填whoseo 4.that/whom先行词lay指人，定语从句中缺少宾语， 故填that/whom 5.which/that先行词car指物，定语从句中缺少主语， 故填which/that。 1.when先行词days指时间，定语从句中缺少状语， 故填when。 2.which先行词days指时间，定语从句中缺少宾语， 故填whicho 参考答案 205 3.when先行词days指时间，定语从句中缺少状语， 故填when 4.which先行词days指时间，定语从句中缺少宾语， 故填which。 5.where先行词place指地点，定语从句中缺少状语， 故填where. 6.which先行词place指地点，定语从句中缺少宾语， 故填which。 7.where先行词place指地点，定语从句中缺少状语， 故填whereo 8.which先行词place指地点，定语从句中缺少宾语， 故填whiche。 9.why先行词reason指原因，定语从句中缺少状语， 故填whya 10.which先行词reason指原因，定语从句中缺少宾语， 故填which。 11.why先行词reason指原因，定语从句中缺少状语， 故填why。 12.which先行词reason指原因，定语从句中缺少宾语， 故填whicho 三、 1.where先行词room指地点，定语从句中缺少状语， 故填where 2.which/that先行词room指地，点，定语从句中缺少宾 语，故填which/hat。 3.which/that先行词reason指原因，定语从句中缺少宾 语，故填which/hat。 4.why先行词reason指原因，定语从句中缺少状语， 故填whya 5.when先行词day指时间，定语从句中缺少状语，故 填when。 6.which/that先行词day指时间，定语从句中缺少宾语， 故填which//that 四、 1.I still remember the year when I graduated. 2.This is our library where we can find many story books. 3.Can you explain the reason why you didn't attend the meeting? 【能力提升 一、 1.when;on which考查定语从句。句意为“我仍然记 得我第一次见到Jennifer的那一天。”。分析句子可知 设空处引导定语从句，且在从句中做时间状语，the day 是先行词，故用关系副词when或填on which。 2.when;in(during)which考查定语从句。先行词为 time,此处表示“在这段时间里，放松和玩乐是必要的 一部分”，可用关系副词when,或者使用介词in/during 加上which。 206无敌原创同步必刷点英语·必修第一册 3.where;at which考查定语从句。句意为“我们已经 到了这样的阶段，每个人都有不同的意见，很难达成一 致。”。此处先行词为point,.意为“阶段”，是抽象 意义的地点名词，定语从句中缺少状语，可用关系副词 where,或者使用at which。 4.why;for which考查定语从句。句意为“他在面试 中被拒绝的一个原因就是他说英语说得很烂。”。先行 词为reasons,指“.…的原因”，定语从句中缺少原因 状语，可用关系副词why或者for which。 5.where考查定语从句。句意为“他陷入了一个很难 决定什么是对的局面。”。分析句子可知设空处引导定 语从句，situation是先行词，表示抽象的地点，关系词 在从句中做状语，故填关系副词whereo 6.with whom考查定语从句。分析句子可知设空处引导 定语从句，先行词是the girl,shake hands wit汕意为“和… 握手”，故填with whom。 7.hrough which考查定语从句。句意为“他买了一个 望远镜，凭借它他能研究天空。”。根据句意可知， 此处应用介词through,意为“凭借”，分析句子可知 设空处引导定语从句，先行词是telescope,指物，故填 through which. 8.to whom考查定语从句。句意为“我刚才求助的那 位女士是我的英语老师。”。turn to sb for help是固定 搭配，意为“向…求助”，故用介词o,分析句子可 知设空处引导定语从句，先行词是The woman,指人， 故填to whome 二、 1.去掉why或者改为that/which考查定语从句的用法。 此处含有定语从句，先行词为The reason,但是定语从 句中缺少的是ave的宾语，因此需用关系代词which或 者hat,在定语从句中做宾语，也可以省略 2.with→without考查定语从句的用法。此处指没有电 脑就不能搜索信息，需用介词without。. 3.whom→which考查定语从句的用法。先行词为 novels,指物，both of后的关系代词用which。 4.which→whose考查定语从句的用法。句中指的是 车子的窗户破了，关系代词修饰window,意为“…的”， 需用关系代词whose。 5.whom→who/hat考查定语从句的用法。先行词为 the people,指人，关系词在从句中做主语，需用who或 者hat引导。 三、 [语篇解读] 本文回忆了作者在故乡丹东的童年生活。 [试题解析] 1.which考查关系代词。先行词是stoy,指物，from是 介词，故填which。此处是“介词+关系代词”结构。 2.where考查关系副词。先行词是hometown,.定语从 句中缺少状语，故用关系副词where.。where在从句中 做地，点状语。 3.in考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。 which指代先行词Dandong,先行词是地点名词，“我” 在丹东长大，故填in。 4.when考查关系副词。先行词是summer,表时间， 定语从句中缺少时间状语，故填关系副词when。 5.where考查关系副词。先行词house是地点名词，从 句中缺少地点状语，故填关系副词where. 6.why考查关系副词。先行词是reason且定语从句中 缺少原因状语，故填关系副词why。 7.whom考查关系代词。with7 I always chatted是定语 从句，先行词是A customer,指人，with和定语从句中的 chatted构成chat with sb结构，故填whom。 8.whose考查关系代词。先行词是cousin,定语从 句中缺少family的定语，故填关系代词whose,表 示“cousin's”。 9.to考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行 词是apprentice,指人，定语从句中whom指代先行词， 和设空处以及teaching构成teach sth to sb结构，故填 too 1O.which/.hat考查关系代词。先行词是kitchen,指物， 定语从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词which/hat。 四、 1.why I was absent from 2.when I was tired of learning English 3.where he works 4.where/in which he grew up 5.which was destroyed 6.when I worked together with you 7.who/whom I came across 五、 [语篇解读] 这是一篇说明文，向读者介绍了密码在生活中的作用及 密码学的三种基本类型。 [试题解析] 1.D联系下一句的意思可以推断此处意思是“只要有 密码存在，人们总是千方百计地进行破译。”，故选D项。 2.E依据接下来的举例可知，这里讲的是选取每个单 词的首字母这一方法来隐藏信息，因此答案为E。 3.G前文已经介绍了一种设置密码的方式，这里又 介绍了另一种。故选G。G项中的Another也是解题 的关键标志词。 4.F空格前的a code book暗示答案可能为F项，通过 验证，两句意思通顺自然，衔接紧密，故答案为F。 5.A由下文中的“also hard'”可知答案为A。 [学法指导] 本题主要考查学习素养、思辨素养，渗透交际素养，重 点考查理解文章内部逻辑关系的能力。在七选五阅读过 程中，要关注文章的首段与末段。尤其是文章的这两段 的末尾句，因为“开门见山”与“末尾点题”的写作方 式是最为常见的，首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在， 说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路， 有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。 ⊙单元话题表达积累⊙ 将以下句子译成汉语。 1.银行、公司和政府相关部门在办公或者做生意时使用 密码，尤其是信息有计算机传递时。 2.一个编码可以用符号来替代单词、短语或句子。 在文中找出相应的表达方式。 1.In any language,some letters are used more than others. 2.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD Period 5 Listening and Talking 【基础过关 一、 1.fight for句意为“当你为目标奋斗的时候，一定要坚 持不要放弃。”。根据句意，此处应能与goals搭配； 根据句子结构此处需要谓语，ight for是动词短语，意 为“为…而战斗”。 2.give up句意为“无论做什么，只要半途而废就将一 事无成。”。根据句子结构，此处需要谓语；根据主句 与从句间的逻辑关系，此处应填give up,意为“放弃”。 3.different kinds of句意为“我的祖父喜欢收集各种邮 票。”。根据句子结构，此处应能修饰名词stamps,根 据句意，应填different kinds of,意为“不同种类的.”。 4.get familiar with句意为“为了了解这位歌星，小女 孩买了很多她的唱片。”。根据句子结构，此处需要动 词或动词短语；根据句意应填get familiar with,意为“熟 悉” 5.point of view句意为“在他看来，我们昨天开的会没 有任何用处。”。根据句子结构此处需要宾语，根据句 意应填point of view,意为“观点”。 6.feel like句意为“这使得他们想尽自己所能，以这 样或那样的方式做出贡献。”。根据句子结构，此处所 填短语后面能使用动词-ing形式；根据句意，应填feel like,构成feel like doing sth,意为“感觉想要做某事”。 7.no longer句意为“我有一种如释重负的感觉，当我 回到学校再也不会那么尴尬了。”。根据句子结构，此 处表示否定含义，应填no longer,意为“不再”。 8.encouraged us to be句意为“就在那时，老师鼓励 我们要自信。”。根据句子结构，此处需要谓语；根 参考答案 207 据句意，应填encouraged us to be,意为“鼓励我们.”。 9.joke with句意为“那位老人非常严肃。如果你和 他开玩笑，他会生气的。”。根据句子结构，此处需 要谓语；根据句意，应填joke with,意为“和…开 玩笑”。 10.in size句意为“尽管风筝结构相似，但它们在尺寸 和形状上有很大不同。”。根据句子含义，此处应填m size,意为“在尺寸上”。 二、 1.(1)are familiar with句意为“这是美国人熟悉彼此 的方式。”。 （2)are familiar to句意为“这种药物上瘾的迹象对医 生们来说已经很熟悉了。”。 2.(1)feel like句意为“我想周末和你一起去攀岩。”。 feel like doing sth表示“想要做某事”。 (2)would like句意为“这周末我想散散步，不想看 电视。”。would like to do sth表示“想要做某事”。 3.（1)give up句意为“面对困难，他们从不放弃，而 是尽量找到出路。”。 (2)given out句意为“考试结果到下周才会发布。”。 (3)give away句意为“孩子们被告诫不要在网上泄 露个人隐私。” (4)give in句意为“不管他们做什么，我们都不会向 他们屈服。”。 4.(1)is known as句意为“大熊猫是公认的中国国宝。”。 (2)is known for句意为“Facebook因创建了最受欢迎 的网络社交工具而闻名。”。 (3)is known to句意为“全世界的人都知道中国的长 城。”。 三、 [试题解析] 1.B本题考查交际素养和获取具体信息的能力。根据 女士所说“The biggest mistake I made,uh.,was leaving college in my last year and not completing my education." 知，她认为在大学的最后一年没有完成学业是个错误， B项意为“辍学。”，故选B。 2.A本题考查交际素养和获取具体信息的能力。根据男 士问“To study what??”和后面女士回答的“Ecology..Tm interested in the relationship between humans and nature." 知，她现在感兴趣的是Ecolog罗（生态学)，故选A。此 题考查的目的不在于理解Ecology的含义，而是考查是 否能够在听的过程中抓住关键信息。因此，在听的过程 中如果遇到生词不必紧张，抓住题眼，锁定信息位置， 准确抓取信息，正确作答。 W:was leaving college;not completing my education;the relationship;humans and nature;majored in chemistry M:To study what;years ago130无敌原创同步必刷点英语·必修第一册 Period 4 I Discoverin ■ 基础过关) 一、选词填空用who,whom,that,which 或whose填空。 1.I have a friend likes listening to classical music. 2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress I gave her. 3.The man leg broke in a match used to be a football player. 4.The lady we met in the bar is eyeing us from the corner. 5.He is driving a car can travel at 150 miles per hour. 二、选词填空选择合适的关系词，将句子 补充完整。 第一组when或which 1.I still remember the days we stayed together in Beijing. 2.I still remember the days we spent together in Beijing. 3.I still remember the days enjoyed ourselves in Beijing. 4.I still remember the days enjoyed in Beijing. 第二组where或which 5.That blue house is the place lived yesterday. 6.That blue house is the place visited yesterday. 7.That blue house is the place paid a visit yesterday. 8.That blue house is the place paid a visit to yesterday. 第三组why或which 9.Do you know the reason he told ng Useful Structures me the news last week？ 10.Do you know the reason he told me last week? 11.Do you know the reason he was late this morning? 12.Do you know the reason he was late for this morning? 三、补全句子用适当的关系代词或关系 副词填空，将句子补充完整。 1.The room he once lived is still there. 2.The room I have to clean every day belongs to my mother. 3.The reason I don't know is known to him. 4.The reason I don't know the thing is that I was not there at that time. 5.I will never forget the day I met you. 6.I will never forget the days we spent together. 四、改写句子用when,why或where将 每组中的两句话合成一个含有定语从句的 句子，不改变句子的基本含义。 1.I still remember the year.I graduated in that year. 2.This is our library.We can find many story books in it. 3.Can you explain the reason?You didn't attend the meeting for it. UNIT5 、 能力提升] 一、用适当的关系副词或“介词+关系代词” 填空，将句子补充完整。 1.I still remember the day I first met Jennifer. 2.They consider summer vacations as a time relaxing and having fun is a necessary part. 3.We have come to point everyone has different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement. 4.One of the reasons he was refused in the interview was that he had spoken in broken English 5.He gets into a situation it is hard to decide what is right. 6.Who is the girl you just shook hands? 7.He bought a telescope he could study the sky. 8.The woman I turned for help just now is my English teacher. 二、单句改错 1.The reason why he gave for his being late at the meeting wasn't accepted by his boss. 2.My computer,with which I can't search information,broke down yesterday 3.Maria has written two novels,both of whom have been made into television series 4.The car which window got broken in the accident belongs to Mr Brown. 5.The number of the people whom come to visit the city each year has risen to one million. LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD 131 三、语篇填空用适当的关系代词或关系 副词填空，将语篇补充完整。 This is a story from 1 you may recall your own childhood.It's about my hometown 2 I lived through my childhood and had lots of unforgettable memories. Dandong,3 which I grew up, is a small city in Eastern China.My family moved here in the summer 4 I was born.The house 5 I grew up is on the main street in the city.This was the reason 6 my father sold tea and my mother had a fruit stand.A customer with 7 I always chatted had a son of my age.We were best friends.A cousin,8 family I visited every summer,lived with us.He was an apprentice（学徒)9 whom my father was teaching the tea business.On the first floor of our house,we had a huge kitchen 10 was a fun and noisy place.The bedrooms were upstairs my parents shared a room and I myself had a separate one. 四、单句写作用定语从句翻译句子。 1.我是来向你解释我缺席你生日派对的原 因的。 I have come to explain the reason your birthday party. 2.有一段时间，我厌倦学英语并且不喜欢 说英语。 There was a time and disliked to speak English. 3.你能告诉我他工作的办公室吗？ Can you tell me the office 4.毕业以后，他回到那个他长大的小镇上。 After graduation he returned to the small town 5.那间在大火中被毁坏的屋子已经被重新 修好了。 The house in the terrible fire has been repaired. 132无敌原创同步必刷点英语·必修第一册 6.我永远也不会忘记和你一起工作的日子。 I'll never forget the days 7.他是我的一个老同学，我前几天在街上 偶然遇见了他。 He is one of my old schoolmates, the other day in the street. 五、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的 选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选 项中有两项为多余选项。 (语篇词数：292个，建议用时：6分钟) Secret codes（密码)keep messages private.Banks,companies,and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years.1 Code breaking never lags( far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For example,the first letters of "My elephant eats too many eels"spell out the hidden message“Meet me.” 3 You might represent each letter with a number,for example.Let's number the letters of the alphabet,in order,from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter,the message“Meet me'”would read“135520135”. A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases,or sentences.To read the message of a real code,you must have a code book.4 For example,“bridge'”might stand for“meet” and“out”might stand for“me”.The message “bridge out'”would actually mean“Meet me".5 However,it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently. A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B.In any language,some letters are used more than others. C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D.As long as there have been codes,people have tried to break them. E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words. G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. ◆单元话题表达积累◆ 将以下句子译成汉语。 1.Banks,companies,and government agencies use secret codes in doing business,especially when information is sent by computer. 2.A code uses symbols to replace words,phrases, or sentences. 在文中找出相应的表达方式。 1.在任何一种语言中，总有一些字母比其 他字母使用得多。 2.另一种隐藏信息的方式是使用符号代表 字母表中的字母。