湖南长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年秋季高一上学期入学考试英语试卷

高一年级入学检测

英语试卷

时量：90分钟   满分：100分

一、阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

①In the South China Sea, there is a group of Jiaoren, whose tears become pearls (珍珠) after they fall. To the north of Kunlun Mountains, there is monster called Xiangliu, which has nine heads with human faces but the body of a snake. These magic creatures are from the ancient book of Shan Hai Jing.

②Shan Hai Jing, also known as The Classic of Mountains and Seas, is said to be at least 2,200 years old. It is about the culture and geography of China before the Qin dynasty. It has 31,000 words, more or less. The whole collection includes eighteen parts, talking about more than 550 mountains and 300 seas. It also tells many interesting stories and describes lots of mysterious creatures.

③A famous story in the book is about Zhu Rong, the God of Fire. He is described as having a animal-like body and a human face, riding around the sky on two dragons. When he had a big fight with Gong Gong, the God of Water, Zhu Rong won. But after the terrible fight, the human world fell into complete darkness. Then he brought fire from heaven down to the world and taught humans how to use it to live better.

④Another famous story recorded in the book is Feibao, which in another chapter is named Mo. It is described as a black-and-white monster that likes eating iron. It also goes by the nickname “the Iron Eater”. Experts believe this mysterious creature might be the giant panda we all love today.

⑤Although it’s still not clear who wrote it and finished the whole book, the Shan Hai Jing is one of the most important ancient books from pre-Qin China and is considered a priceless treasure of Chinese culture. The wonderful stories inside the book have been passed down from one generation to another in China for thousands of years. This great ancient work has inspired many famous people including the Chinese writer Lu Xun and the Harry Potter creator J.K. Rowling. Up to now, there are a large number of books, films, video games, and artworks created based on stories from Shan Hai Jing.

(     ) 1. What has nine heads with human faces but the body of a snake?

A. Jiaoren B. Xiangliu C. Zhu Rong

(     ) 2. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?

A. The introduction to Shan Hai Jing.

B. How Shan Hai Jing was written.

C. The importance of Shan Hai Jing.

(     ) 3. The underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to ______.

A. the book B. the body C. the fire

(     ) 4. Which of the following about Shan Hai Jing is true?

A. The “Iron Eater” is orange-and-white.

B. It’s not certain who wrote the book.

C. It was completed after Qin Dynasty.

(     ) 5. Which is the right structure of the passage?

① = Paragraph 1   ② = Paragraph 2…

A. ①②/③④/⑤ B. ①/②③/④⑤ C. ①②/③/④⑤

B

I often catch myself asking my questions to AI chatbots with a “please” and a “thank you.” Clearly, I am not alone. A recent survey found that about 67% of U.S. AI users are also polite and show thanks toward AI. Sam Altman replied: “Tens of millions of dollars were spent — you never know.”

In reality, of course, AI chatbots do not appreciate politeness; they have no feelings or social needs. From a purely utilitarian (功利主义的) standpoint, all those pleases and thank yous are just flushing money down the toilet.

Still, there may be value that isn’t at once measurable in showing thanks toward AI. Psychologists (心理学家) Robert Emmons and Michael McCullough carried out an experiment in which they divided people into three groups, asking the first to list things they are grateful for, while others listed daily troubles or simply kept records. After 10 weeks, they found that the first group reported 25% higher happiness levels, stronger inner strength and even better physical health.

What’s true of thanks is also true of kindness and generosity (慷慨) more generally. Experiments at UC Riverside found that performing “five small acts of kindness per week” produced steady (稳定的) increases in happiness. This idea isn’t new. The ancient thinker Maimonides wrote that “it is better for a person to give one coin to a thousand poor people than to give a thousand coins to one poor person.” He believed that regular acts of goodness, like giving away things and expressing gratitude, make us happier in the long run by turning virtue into a habit.

So perhaps all of our pleases and thank yous to AI have value, even if they cost OpenAI millions of dollars yearly. Showing appreciation, even toward a machine, strengthens positive habits of politeness, patience and empathy (共情). In our increasingly digital world, keeping these human qualities may be more important than the cost of a little extra electricity. Finally, the one who gets the most out of our politeness isn’t the AI at all, but ourselves.

(     ) 6. How does the author introduce the topic in paragraph 1?

A. By quoting an expert. B. By telling a story. C. By showing a fact.

(     ) 7. What would a utilitarianist do to AI after seeking help from it?

A. Never say thanks. B. Show appreciation. C. Give it money

(     ) 8. What value of thanks does the experiment in paragraph 3 show?

A. It strengthens our bodies and minds.

B. It improves memory and creativity.

C. It deepens social relationships.

(     ) 9. What does Maimonides’s words mainly stress?

A. We should show goodness on important festivals.

B. One large donation can help more poor people.

C. Small and everyday good actions matter more.

(     ) 10. What message does the author mainly express in the text?

A. Politeness to AI wastes electricity bills.

B. Politeness benefits humans rather than AI.

C. AI learns empathy from human behavior.

C

If a child has brown hair and blue eyes, it is highly likely that one or both of the child’s parents share those same features. This is because physical appearance is passed down through genes — the biological instructions stored in our cells. But how about other things? If a parent is shy, then would the child also be shy? Scientists want to know how much a person is determined by genes and how much by the way they are raised.

Scientists study this question by observing identical twins (同卵双胞胎). Identical twins are twins that look the same on the outside. They also have the same genes on the inside. By studying twins who were separated at birth and raised in different families, scientists can better understand whether they turn out the same although they have different life experiences. If genes were the only factor, these twins should be identical in every way, even if they grew up thousands of miles apart.

For some things, the answer is yes. The twins turn out to have the same look or disease. Research shows that identical twins often reach similar heights regardless of their diets or lifestyles. Similarly, if one twin is more likely to get a certain disease because of their genes, the other often faces a similar risk, even if one exercises regularly and the other does not. In these cases, how a child is raised seems to have a limited influence on their physical development.

However, as for personality, the answer is not so clear. Some separated twins have completely different personalities and lives as adults. Other separated twins are almost exactly the same. They even have the same jobs, even though they have never met.

In the end, there seems to be no simple answer. As a whole, it seems people become who and what we are because of both genes and how we are raised.

(     ) 11. What may determine the colors of a child’s hair and eyes?

A. The parents’ education. B. The child’s genes. C. The parents’ health.

(     ) 12. According to Paragraph 2, how do scientists study the question?

A. By observing identical twins.

B. By interviewing twins’ parents.

C. By doing experiments in the lab.

(     ) 13. According to the study, what can we know about the separated idenfical twins when they grow up?

A. They never do the same jobs.

B. They always have different looks.

C. They probably are of similar heights.

(     ) 14. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?

A. The process of the study B. The result of the study. C. The method of the study

(     ) 15. Where is the passage probably taken from?