精品解析：湖南省长沙市第一中学2024-2025学年高一上学期入学考试英语试题

长沙市第一中学高2024级新生入学考试 英语 时量：70分钟 满分：80分 注意：请将答案填涂在答题卡上，否则答案无效。 I.单项选择。从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。(共5小题；每小题1分，共5分。) 1. Everyone has his aim in life. Remember to set achievable goals and start with the easiest thing ________ you can control. A. whom B. when C. which D. that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：每个人在生活中都有自己的目标。记住要设定可实现的目标，并从你能控制的最简单的事情开始。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词thing，从句中缺少宾语，当先行词指物并且被形容词最高级（此处为the easiest）修饰时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which。 2. I want to know ________ you are communicating with on the Internet. A. what B. who C. when D. where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我想知道你在网上正和谁交流。动词know后面跟的是一个宾语从句，从句中的介词with后面缺少宾语，指代人，应该用who来引导，表示“和谁交流”。 3. You had better not promise anything ________ you are one hundred percent sure. A. after B. since C. unless D. when 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：除非你百分之百确定，否则你最好不要承诺任何事情。A. after在……之后；B. since因为，自……以后；C. unless除非；D. when当……时。 题干中前半句意为“最好不要承诺任何事情”，后半句意为“你百分之百确定”，两者之间构成条件关系，使用unless“除非，如果不”引导条件状语从句。 4. The teacher said that the moon________ around the earth. A. moves B. moved C. would move D. will move 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师说月亮绕着地球转。设空处为谓语，“月亮绕着地球转”属于客观事实，因此从句需用一般现在时；且从句主语“the moon”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应使用其第三人称单数形式moves。 5. Which of the following shares the same structure (结构) with the sentence “I found the book interesting.”? A. He gave his sister the book. B. We all call the boy Jack. C. His father bought him a piano. D. I will write you a long letter. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：下列哪一项与句子“I found the book interesting.”具有相同的结构？分析可知，其结构为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”。选项B“We all call the boy Jack.”中，We all为主语，call为谓语，the boy为宾语，Jack为宾语补足语，与其结构完全一致。 II.阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分。) A Florida is a wonderful place to retire because of the suitable cost of living and location close to the beach. In addition, it has provided different kinds of services to support the retirement (退休) community. Here are some best Florida cities for retirement. Miami Population: about 605,800 Share of population age 65+: 18.2% Median monthly rent: about $1,500 Miami has higher housing and costly health care, so seniors retiring in Miami need to face the higher cost of living. However, it offers retirees plenty of activities. It’s more expensive, but the rich cultural experience, dining, shopping, and health care services are top-tier. Fort Myers Population: about 752,200 Share of population age 65+: 28.4% Median monthly rent(租金): about $1,300 Fort Myers scored (得分) well on the happiness metrics (指标). Many retirees are able to comfortably afford a home, which frees up retirement income for other important expenses. Seniors in Fort Myers can create a relaxing beach retirement lifestyle. Tallahassee Population: about 382,700 Share of population age 65+: 14.6% Median monthly rent: about $1,000 Tallahassee has four clear seasons, and its short winters are colder than the state’s coastal areas. Housing is more affordable here than in other Florida cities. Retirees can take classes at the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute at Florida, or enjoy one of Tallahassee’s many museums, historic sites and parks. Ocala Population: about 370,000 Share of population age 65+: 28.5% Median monthly rent: about $990 This equestrian (马术) town is best known for award-winning horses. Retirees can attend horse shows and equestrian events and enjoy regular horseback rides. Ocala’s inexpensive housing makes it easy to move to the area. The Ocala National Forest has hundreds of lakes, rivers and springs where you can swim and fish. 6. What is an advantage of Miami? A. It offers many kinds of services. B. It organizes volunteer activities. C. It provides the discount housing. D. It gives the suitable cost of living. 7. Which is the best if retirees want to get education after retiring? A. Miami. B. Ocala. C. Tallahassee. D. Fort Myers. 8. What can retirees do in Ocala? A. Visit many historic sites. B. Take part in equestrian events. C. Explore the depth of the forest. D. Create a beach retirement lifestyle. 【答案】6. A 7. C 8. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了佛罗里达州适合退休生活的四座城市，提供了人口年龄结构、租金、生活特色等信息。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据Miami部分中“However, it offers retirees plenty of activities. It’s more expensive, but the rich cultural experience, dining, shopping, and health care services are top-tier.(然而，它为退休人员提供了丰富的活动。虽然成本更高，但丰富的文化体验、餐饮、购物以及医疗保健服务都是顶级水平)”可知，迈阿密的突出优势是能够提供多种优质服务。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tallahassee部分中“Retirees can take classes at the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute at Florida(退休人员可以在佛罗里达的奥舍尔终身学习学院上课)”可知，塔拉哈西为退休人员提供了继续教育的机会，最符合退休后想继续求学的需求。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ocala部分中“This equestrian (马术) town is best known for award-winning horses. Retirees can attend horse shows and equestrian events and enjoy regular horseback rides.(这座马术小镇以获奖赛马闻名。退休人员可以在这里观看马展、参加马术活动，还可以定期骑马)”可知，退休人员在奥卡拉可以参与马术相关活动。 B A few years ago, I stood in a small classroom just outside of New York City, watching a high schooler named Serena Stevenson answer math questions. A teacher read out numbers — 74,470, 70,809, 98,402 — and Stevenson added them in her head. For each question, she closed her eyes, and then the fingers of her right hand began to move. She answered most of the problems correctly. The key to her success was an ancient technology called the abacus (算盘). Stevenson used a practice called “mental abacus”, imagining the abacus in her mind and then using her fingers to work out the problems. From watching Stevenson, I knew that gaining skill at the abacus was more than a matter of counting beads (珠子), so I decided to sign up for an abacus course with my two daughters to see if we could also improve our math skills. I was one of the many who had some math doubts and I felt scared. My usual solution was escape, and if I had to calculate something like a percentage change, I would go online. Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less scary. I didn’t become Euclid, the founder of geometry (几何学). But the practice brought my fears down. This is a time-tested power of the abacus. Confidence grows easily in the device (设备), and abacus students are less likely to be nervous about an upcoming math test. Part of the reason, it seems, is that practice and results appear to move in step. My kids gained much as well. My youngest daughter could work out those difficult math problems, while my older child brought her abacus to school to show it to her classmates and teacher. These were just small successes for them, but that was how they finally believed in themselves. 9. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To prove the difficulty of math. B. To introduce the topic of the abacus. C. To show the cleverness of Stevenson. D. To compare the author with Stevenson. 10. What do we know about the author from paragraph 3? A. He was weak in math. B. He was good at computer. C. He thought of math as useful. D. He had a close relationship with kids. 11. What does the author realize from his learning experience? A. All roads lead to Rome. B. It’s never too late to learn. C. Practice makes perfect. D. Faith can move mountains. 12. What did the author’s kids both gain from abacus learning? A. Interest in abacus B. Working skills. C. Secrets to success D. Self-confidence. 【答案】9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者目睹了珠心算高手的表现后，亲身带着女儿学习算盘，在学习的过程中克服了对数学的恐惧，建立了自信。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“A few years ago, I stood in a small classroom just outside of New York City, watching a high schooler named Serena Stevenson answer math questions. A teacher read out numbers — 74,470, 70,809, 98,402 — and Stevenson added them in her head. For each question, she closed her eyes, and then the fingers of her right hand began to move. She answered most of the problems correctly.(几年前，我站在纽约市郊的一间小教室里，看着一位名叫塞雷娜·史蒂文森的高中生解答数学题。老师念出一串数字——74470、70809、98402，史蒂文森在脑子里把数字加起来。每一道题，她都会闭上眼睛，随后右手手指开始动起来。她答对了大多数题目)”以及第二段“The key to her success was an ancient technology called the abacus (算盘).(她成功的关键是一项古老的技术——算盘)”可知，第一段描述了一名高中生令人惊叹的心算能力，紧接着第二段揭示了她成功的秘诀是“算盘”（abacus）。因此，第一段的作用是通过一个生动的事例来引出本文的核心话题——算盘。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“I was one of the many who had some math doubts and I felt scared. My usual solution was escape, and if I had to calculate something like a percentage change, I would go online.(我属于对数学心存疑惑的人，我对数学感到害怕。我的常规解决办法就是逃避，如果我需要计算类似百分比变化这类问题，我都会上网去算)”可知，作者数学不好，不擅长数学计算。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less scary....Part of the reason, it seems, is that practice and results appear to move in step.(在上了几节算盘课，进行了大量练习之后，数学似乎没那么可怕了……部分原因似乎在于，练习和成果是同频的)”可知，作者通过自身学习经历意识到，坚持练习就能够改善能力、获得成果，也就是“熟能生巧”的道理。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“These were just small successes for them, but that was how they finally believed in themselves.(这些对她们来说只是小小的成功，但正是这些小成功让她们最终相信了自己)”可知，作者的两个女儿都从学习算盘的过程中收获了自信。 C Just being intelligent (聪明的) doesn’t mean someone will be successful. And just because someone is less intelligent doesn't mean that person will fail. That’s one take-home message from the work of people like Angela Duckworth, who works at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Like many other scientists, Duckworth wondered what could make one person more successful than another. When digging deeper, Duckworth found that the people who performed best shared a quality (品质) independent of intelligence. They had the quality of grit (毅力). Duckworth developed a set of questions to test it. She called it her “grit scale (量表).” In one study of people 25 and older, she found that as people aged, it was more possible that they stuck with a project. She also found that grit increased with education. People who finished college scored higher on the grit scale than people who gave up before graduation. People who went to graduate school after college scored much higher. She then did another study with college students. Duckworth wanted to see how intelligence and grit made a difference to performance in school. So she compared scores on college-entrance exams, which measure IQ, to school grades and scores on the grit scale. Students with higher grades tended to have more grit. That’s not surprising. Getting good grades takes both smarts and hard work. But some people dissent from Duckworth who believes that this grit means success. Among those people is Marcus Crede, a professor at Iowa State University in Ames. He recently connected the results of 88 studies on grit. Together, those studies tested nearly 67,000 people. And grit did not mean success, Crede found. However, he thinks grit is very similar to someone’s ability to set goals, work toward them and think things through before acting. “Study habits and skills, test anxiety and class attendance are far more strongly connected to school grades than grit,” Crede says. “We can teach students how to study well. We can teach students how to solve their test anxiety,” he adds. “I’m not sure whether we can do that with grit.” 13. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. Intelligence leads to success. B. Duckworth redesigned a grit scale. C. Not all smart people will succeed. D. Grit decides how intelligent one might be. 14. What might make a difference to a person's grit according to Angela Duckworth’s findings? A. Lifestyle. B. Family. C. Personality D. Education. 15. What does the underlined words “dissent from” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Disagree with. B. Benefit from. C. Look down upon. D. Take advantage of. 16. What do we know from the last paragraph? A. Grit can be achieved easily. B. It may not be possible to teach grit. C. Grit is strongly related to test anxiety. D. Grit has nothing to do with school grades. 【答案】13. C 14. D 15. A 16. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了Angela Duckworth关于“毅力”的研究及其与成功的关系，同时呈现了学界对此的不同看法。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Just being intelligent doesn’t mean someone will be successful.(仅仅聪明并不意味着一个人就会成功)”可知，并不是所有聪明人都会成功。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She also found that grit increased with education.(她还发现，毅力随着受教育程度的提高而增强)”可知，根据Duckworth的研究，教育程度可能会影响一个人的毅力水平。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段中“But some people dissent from Duckworth who believes that this grit means success.(但是一些人dissent from Duckworth，Duckworth认为这种毅力意味着成功)”以及后文“And grit did not mean success, Crede found.(Crede发现，毅力并不意味着成功)”可知，Crede的发现与Duckworth的观点相反，因此这些人是“不同意”Duckworth的观点。所以dissent from意为“不同意”。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’m not sure whether we can do that with grit.(我不确定我们能否用毅力做到这一点)”可知，Crede对于是否能够教授和培养毅力持怀疑态度，即教授毅力可能并不容易实现。 D An Inuit-developed app, named SIKU after the Inuktitut for “sea ice”, allows local communities from Alaska to Greenland to connect traditional (传统的) knowledge with scientific data (数据) to track (追踪) changes in the environment, and make decisions about how to manage wildlife. A group of Inuit elders and hunters from Sanikiluaq, Nunavut, thought up the idea for SIKU more than ten years ago to record and understand the changing sea ice in southeastern Hudson Bay. The group turned to the local non-profit Arctic Eider Society (AES) to develop a web-based platform (平台). Over the years, SIKU has developed, and recently, the old saw that the platform could help solve a familiar problem: sharing knowledge with younger people who often have their noses in their phones. In 2019, SIKU was reintroduced as a full-fledged (全面发展的) social network — a platform where members can post photos and notes about wildlife sightings, hunts, sea ice conditions and more. The posts tell stories of hunting and traveling, the influence of climate change and industrial activity, and the traditions, diets and illnesses of local animals. Inuit communities are already making full use of the app SIKU to make important decisions. In 2021, for example, the old in Sanikiluaq were worried that the local reindeer (驯鹿) population had gone down, so the Hunters and Trappers Association used SIKU to look closely at hunters and recently reported harvest rates. The information led the association to close the hunt for a short time to stop the population from going down and to reintroduce hunting slowly when the number of reindeer increased. Traditionally, Inuit communities shared this information orally (口头上地). “We have lived in the environment for centuries and know about the wildlife. Now armed with SIKU, information is written in a way that other people will understand. The advantage of SIKU is that it’s part science and part Inuit knowledge and it supports community-driven research,” says Lucassie Arragutainaq, a co-founder of AES. 17. Why was SIKU developed in the beginning? A. To raise money for AES. B. To pass on Inuit tradition. C. To attract more visitors to Inuit communities. D. To record and learn about the changing sea ice. 18. Why is reindeer mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To further explain the role of SIKU. B. To advise people to pay more attention to SIKU. C. To call on visitors and locals to protect reindeer. D. To tell the advantages of the Hunters and Trappers Association. 19. What is the attitude of Lucassie Arragutainaq toward SIKU? A. Puzzled. B. Worried. C. Agreeable. D. Doubtful. 20. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. SIKU: Overcoming Environmental Challenges B. SIKU: Informing Decisions Of Local Communities C. SIKU: Advantages Over Other Local Social Media Platforms D. SIKU: Putting Traditional Wisdom and Modern Technology Together 【答案】17. D 18. A 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍因纽特人研发的SIKU应用，结合传统知识与科学数据，用于环境监测和野生动物管理。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A group of Inuit elders and hunters from Sanikiluaq, Nunavut, thought up the idea for SIKU more than ten years ago to record and understand the changing sea ice in southeastern Hudson Bay.(努纳武特地区萨尼奇卢阿克的一群因纽特长者与猎手在十多年前构思出SIKU，目的是记录并了解哈得孙湾东南部不断变化的海冰。)”可知，SIKU最初被研发出来，是为记录和了解不断变化的海冰。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Inuit communities are already making full use of the app SIKU to make important decisions. In 2021, for example, the old in Sanikiluaq were worried that the local reindeer (驯鹿) population had gone down, so the Hunters and Trappers Association used SIKU to look closely at hunters and recently reported harvest rates. The information led the association to close the hunt for a short time to stop the population from going down and to reintroduce hunting slowly when the number of reindeer increased.(因纽特各个社区早已充分运用SIKU这款应用来作出重要决策。举例来说，2021年，萨尼奇卢阿克的长者担忧当地驯鹿数量下降，于是狩猎与捕猎者协会利用SIKU仔细查看猎手情况以及近期上报的捕猎量。这些信息促使协会暂时关停捕猎活动，遏制驯鹿数量下滑，并在驯鹿数量回升后逐步恢复捕猎。)”可知，作者列举驯鹿案例，是为进一步阐释SIKU在社区决策、野生动物保护中的作用。故选 A 项。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的““We have lived in the environment for centuries and know about the wildlife. Now armed with SIKU, information is written in a way that other people will understand. The advantage of SIKU is that it’s part science and part Inuit knowledge and it supports community-driven research,” says Lucassie Arragutainaq, a co-founder of AES.( “我们已经在这片环境中生活数百年，了解野生动物。如今配备上SIKU，信息以他人能够理解的方式被记录下来。SIKU的优点是它一半是科学，一半是因纽特知识，并且它支持社区主导的研究。”北极绒鸭协会联合创始人Lucassie Arragutainaq说道。)”可知，联合创始人Lucassie Arragutainaq认可SIKU的价值，持赞同、支持的态度。 【20题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇介绍SIKU结合因纽特传统经验与现代科学数据，接着介绍其发展历程、实际应用效果，最后点明该软件融合传统智慧与现代科技的核心特点，因此“SIKU: Putting Traditional Wisdom and Modern Technology Together(SIKU：融汇传统智慧与现代科技)”最符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。 III.七选五。阅读下面短文，从段短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分。) Maybe you are an average boy or girl. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so, however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. ____21____. ____22____. When planning your work, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First, set your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then, decide a good, regular time for studying. Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment (娱乐). A weekly plan may not solve all your problems, but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time. Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk, free of everything but study materials (资料). ____23____. When you sit down to begin, concentrate (集中精力) on the subject. Make full use of your time in class. Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says. Focusing on each class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says. Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes. Besides, review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, and read that material. ____24____. If you do these things regularly, the material will become more meaningful, and you’ll remember it longer. Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. The world won’t end if you don't pass a test, so don’t be overly worried. ____25____. You will probably discover many others after you have tried the things mentioned above. A. Have confidence in yourself B. Plan your time carefully and wisely C. This will help you understand the next class D. Do stay away from games, radios, or television E. There are other methods that might help you with your study F. No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard G. Here’s some advice on how to become a better student or top student 【答案】21. G 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. E 【解析】 【导语】文章针对普通学生如何提升学业表现，给出了关于时间规划、学习环境、课堂效率、复习习惯及考试心态等方面的具体建议。 【21题详解】 上文“Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. (只要愿意，任何人都可以成为更优秀的学生。)”说明成为优等生并非遥不可及，关键在于主观意愿。空处和前文为顺接关系，承接上文的观点，引出下文具体的改进策略。所以G项“这里有一些关于如何成为更优秀学生或尖子生的建议。”符合语境。G项中的“advice”与上文的“become a better student”相呼应，起到了总领下文各段具体建议的作用。 【22题详解】 下文“When planning your work, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First, set your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then, decide a good, regular time for studying. Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment(娱乐). A weekly plan may not solve all your problems, but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time. (在计划工作时，你应该列一个你必须做的事情的清单。列完这个清单后，你应该制定一个时间计划。首先，设定你吃饭、睡觉、穿衣等的时间。然后，确定一个好的、有规律的学习时间。别忘了留出足够的时间娱乐。每周计划可能无法解决你所有的问题，但它会迫使你意识到你的时间发生了什么。)”整段围绕时间规划展开。空处为本段主旨句，总结段落核心内容。所以B项“认真且明智地规划你的时间。”符合语境，精准匹配本段时间管理的核心内容。 【23题详解】 上文“Keep this space, which may be a desk, free of everything but study materials. (保持这个可能是书桌的空间整洁，除了学习资料外不放其他东西。)”说明要打造一个纯粹的学习环境，排除物理干扰。空处和前文为顺接关系，进一步具体化书桌上应远离哪些容易分散注意力的娱乐设备。所以D项“务必远离游戏、收音机或电视。”符合语境。D项中的“games, radios, or television”是对上文“free of everything”的具体举例，强调了专注环境的重要性。 【24题详解】 上文“Besides, review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, and read that material. (此外，复习老师第二天将要讲解的重点，并阅读那些材料。)”说明要在课后进行预习，提前熟悉新知识。空处和前文为因果关系，说明进行课前预习的直接益处。所以C项“这将有助于你理解下一堂课。”符合语境。C项中的“This”指代上文的预习行为，“understand the next class”是该行为的直接结果。 【25题详解】 下文“You will probably discover many others after you have tried the things mentioned above. (尝试以上方法后，你或许会发现更多学习方法。”暗示还有其他学习技巧。空处引出下文内容。所以E项“还有其他可以帮助你学习的方法。”符合语境，E项中的“other methods”与下文中的“many others”相呼应，暗示文中所列建议并非全部。 IV.完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分。) It was dinnertime at Grandma and Grandpa's farm. It was a feast (盛宴) but without ____26____ occasion. We had chicken, potatoes, green salad, corn and fruit salad. We sat at the table. Grandma ____27____ the food to Grandpa and their girls. Grandpa said, “Looks delicious. I’m as ____28____ as a bear.” As soon as Grandpa picked up his ____29____, they heard a car drive up. Grandma opened the door, and in came Aunt Maud. “Come in! You’re just in time,” Grandpa said. Then in came Aunt Dessie, Aunt Clara, friends, and their families. Grandma was a little ____30____, “I never expected so many guests to come, but I can ____31____ it.” Grandpa sat in the doorway. There was little ____32____ in the kitchen behind his chair. So he got up and pulled his chair in so people could ____33____. But when he sat down again a strange thing happened: His plate had ____34____ before his eyes! He put his fork down, thinking to himself, “Well, there seems no ____35____ for my plate anymore.” Grandma tried to serve the kids some water, but Aunt Dessie ____36____ her, “We’ll take care of ourselves.” Then everyone started ____37____ around the sink (水池) and cupboard to drink water. Kids were thirsty! There were lots of kids. Grandma had enough food for four, not twenty-four! ____38____, Aunt Dessie helped Grandma make more dishes. The girls ____39____to help, but Aunt Dessie said they were too ____40____ and had better stay at the table so that they wouldn't do more harm than good. Grandma added some more foods to everyone's plate. There was lots of laughter. No one doubted they had a good time. They never found out who used Grandpa’s plate, but did know that he enjoyed the reunion and that was enough! 26. A. real B. proper C. special D. troublesome 27. A. threw B. introduced C. passed D. sent 28. A. strong B. clever C. brave D. hungry 29. A. fork B. glasses C. book D. pencil 30. A. funny B. scared C. surprised D. interested 31. A. control B. manage C. design D. achieve 32. A. time B. money C. company D. room 33. A. take off B. pass through C. come up D. look out 34. A. changed B. flown C. grown D. disappeared 35. A. use B. color C. solution D. importance 36. A. encouraged B. told C. found D. followed 37. A. waiting B. hanging C. playing D. looking 38. A. Still B. Besides C. Therefore D. However 39. A. ended B. tried C. needed D. explained 40. A. helpful B. active C. young D. naughty 【答案】26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述爷爷奶奶农场的家常晚餐，原本只是普通一餐，不料大批客人突然到访，大家热热闹闹共享晚餐，虽突发状况不断，但所有人都度过了愉快的团聚时光。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这是一顿盛宴，但并非发生在特殊场合。A. real真实的；B. proper恰当的；C. special特殊的；D. troublesome麻烦的。根据上文“It was dinnertime at Grandma and Grandpa’s farm.”、“It was a feast (盛宴)”以及转折词“but”可知，前文提到这是一顿盛宴，但转折词but说明这顿饭不是为了某个特殊场合准备的，只是普通的晚餐。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：奶奶把食物递给爷爷和女孩们。A. threw扔；B. introduced介绍；C. passed传递；D. sent发送。根据下文“the food to Grandpa and their girls”可知，这是在描述用餐场景，聚餐时人们会相互传递食物。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：看起来很美味，我饿得像头熊。A. strong强壮的；B. clever聪明的；C. brave勇敢的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据上文“Looks delicious.”可知，爷爷看着满桌饭菜说自己像熊一样饿，呼应前文“看起来很美味”的语境，是准备开饭的状态。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：爷爷刚拿起叉子，就听见一辆汽车驶来了。A. fork叉子；B. glasses眼镜；C. book书；D. pencil铅笔。根据上文“Grandpa said, “Looks delicious.””晚餐就餐语境，就餐使用的餐具是叉子。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：奶奶有点吃惊：“我从没想过会来这么多客人，但我能应付。”A. funny滑稽的；B. scared害怕的；C. surprised惊讶的，感觉意外的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据后文“I never expected so many guests to come”可知，奶奶感觉意外，没有料到会来这么多客人。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。A. control控制；B. manage设法应对；C. design设计；D. achieve实现。根据上文“but I can”可知，前后是转折关系，奶奶虽对来这么多客人感到吃惊，但是奶奶认为自己能应付得来，“manage it”为固定搭配，表示能够应付眼前的局面。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：椅子后方的厨房里几乎没有空间了。A. time时间；B. money金钱；C. company陪伴；D. room空间。根据上文“I never expected so many guests to come”和下文“So he got up and pulled his chair in so people could”可知，大量客人来到屋里，厨房拥挤，缺少活动空间。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：于是他起身把椅子往里拉，方便大家通行。A. take off起飞；B. pass through通行；C. come up出现；D. look out小心。根据上文“So he got up and pulled his chair in so people could”可知，挪动椅子是为留出通道，方便人们穿过。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：可等他再次坐下，怪事发生了：眼前的盘子不见了。A. changed改变；B. flown飞；C. grown生长；D. disappeared消失。结合最后一段“They never found out who used Grandpa’s plate”没有人知道是谁拿走了盘子，说明盘子在眼前消失了。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：好吧，看来我的盘子没有用处了。A. use用处；B. color颜色；C. solution解决办法；D. importance重要性。根据上文“His plate had______ before his eyes!”可知，爷爷的盘子不见了，他觉得自己的盘子好像派不上用场了。 【36题详解】 考查动词。句意：奶奶想给孩子们倒水，但是Dessie阿姨拦住她，告诉她：“我们自己来就好。”A. encouraged鼓励；B. told告知；C. found发现；D. followed跟随。根据下文“We’ ll take care of ourselves”可知，阿姨劝阻奶奶，告诉奶奶不用辛苦倒水。 【37题详解】 考查动词。句意：然后所有人开始围在水池和橱柜旁等着喝水。A. waiting等待；B. hanging悬挂；C. playing玩耍；D. looking看。根据上文“Kids were thirsty!”可知，口渴的人们在一旁等候取水。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：奶奶准备的食物只够四个人，不够二十四个人。因此，Dessie阿姨帮奶奶多做了几道菜。A. Still尽管如此；B. Besides此外；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。前后构成因果关系，食物不够，因此大家想办法加餐。 【39题详解】 考查动词。句意：女孩们主动想要搭把手，但是Dessie阿姨说她们年纪太小，最好坐在餐桌旁，免得帮倒忙。A. ended结束；B. tried尝试；C. needed需要；D. explained解释。根据下文“had better stay at the table so that they wouldn’t do more harm than good”可知，Dessie阿姨认为女孩们最好坐在餐桌旁，免得帮倒忙，由此可推知，女孩们想主动搭把手，try to help 表示主动尝试帮忙干活。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。A. helpful 乐于助人的；B. active积极的；C. young年幼的；D. naughty淘气的。根据下文“had better stay at the table so that they wouldn’t do more harm than good”可知，女孩年龄太小容易添乱，所以阿姨不让她们进厨房帮忙。 V.语法填空。(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分。) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Today, life as a teenager has changed greatly. The growth from childhood to adulthood is effortless for some, but difficult for others. There are many challenges to face, decisions to make, and roads to take. Being a teenager means we’re no longer a child and we’re not an adult either. We make great effort ____41____ (live) up to so many expectations from our friends, family members, and even our parents’ friends too. Actually, in this stage of life, we ____42____ (expect) to be responsible for something, yet we’re not allowed to do what adults can. All adults see us as children who are trying to be someone we can’t be just yet. Many adults expect us to act just as they did, but they don’t understand the fact that our way of growing up is different from ____43____ (they). Times have changed ____44____ (compare) to 30 years ago when our parents were teenagers. Back then they ____45____ (have) more time away from phones, computers and TVs. They communicated face ____46____ face more. Nowadays we communicate online. The best part of being a teenager is being able to find things at the click of a button (按钮). With the ____47____ (develop) of technology, today’s generation doesn’t struggle (挣扎) as much ____48____ they did 30 years ago. The new technology plays ____49____ irreplaceable role in our lives. Teenagers nowadays are getting _____50_____ (close) to each other than ever. We can easily reach each other with a mobile phone or a computer. 【答案】41. to live 42. are expected 43. theirs 44. compared 45. had 46. to 47. development 48. as 49. an 50. closer 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍当下青少年生活发生的巨大变化，对比当代青少年与父辈成长环境的差异，讲述科技发展对青少年生活带来的利弊与影响。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们努力不辜负朋友、家人甚至父母朋友的诸多期待。此处为固定搭配make great effort to do sth，意为“努力做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式to live。 【42题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：事实上，在人生这个阶段，我们被期望承担一些责任，却不被允许做成年人可以做的事。此处为谓语动词，主语we与expect之间为被动关系，句子陈述客观现实，使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，所以此处使用are expected。 【43题详解】 考查名词性物主代词。句意：很多成年人期待我们效仿他们过去的行事方式，但他们并不理解我们的成长道路与他们的成长道路并不相同。此处指代前文“way of growing up”，指代同名异物，用名词性物主代词theirs。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：和三十年前我们父母还是青少年的时候相比，时代已经改变了。compare与主句主语Times之间为被动关系，过去分词compared常用来构成compared to短语作状语，意为“与……相比”，所以此处使用compared。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：那时候他们有更多远离手机、电脑和电视的空闲时间。Back then指代父辈青少年时期，描述过去的状态，使用一般过去时，have的过去式为had。 【46题详解】 考查介词。句意：他们更多地面对面交流。此处为固定搭配face to face，意为“面对面”，所以用介词to。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着科技的发展，如今这一代人不像三十年前的人们那样艰难挣扎。定冠词the后面接名词作介词with的宾语，develop对应的名词为development，意为“发展”。 【48题详解】 考查连词。句意：随着科技的发展，如今这一代人不像三十年前的人们那样艰难挣扎。此处为固定结构not as...as，意为“不如……一样”，用于原级比较，所以用as。 【49题详解】 考查冠词。句意：新科技在我们的生活中发挥着不可替代的作用。此处为固定搭配play a role in，role为可数名词单数，表泛指，irreplaceable以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。 【50题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：如今青少年彼此之间比以往更加亲密。句中出现比较级标志词than，所以此处使用close的比较级closer。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 长沙市第一中学高2024级新生入学考试 英语 时量：70分钟 满分：80分 注意：请将答案填涂在答题卡上，否则答案无效。 I.单项选择。从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。(共5小题；每小题1分，共5分。) 1. Everyone has his aim in life. Remember to set achievable goals and start with the easiest thing ________ you can control. A. whom B. when C. which D. that 2. I want to know ________ you are communicating with on the Internet. A. what B. who C. when D. where 3. You had better not promise anything ________ you are one hundred percent sure. A. after B. since C. unless D. when 4. The teacher said that the moon________ around the earth. A. moves B. moved C. would move D. will move 5. Which of the following shares the same structure (结构) with the sentence “I found the book interesting.”? A. He gave his sister the book. B. We all call the boy Jack. C. His father bought him a piano. D. I will write you a long letter. II.阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分。) A Florida is a wonderful place to retire because of the suitable cost of living and location close to the beach. In addition, it has provided different kinds of services to support the retirement (退休) community. Here are some best Florida cities for retirement. Miami Population: about 605,800 Share of population age 65+: 18.2% Median monthly rent: about $1,500 Miami has higher housing and costly health care, so seniors retiring in Miami need to face the higher cost of living. However, it offers retirees plenty of activities. It’s more expensive, but the rich cultural experience, dining, shopping, and health care services are top-tier. Fort Myers Population: about 752,200 Share of population age 65+: 28.4% Median monthly rent(租金): about $1,300 Fort Myers scored (得分) well on the happiness metrics (指标). Many retirees are able to comfortably afford a home, which frees up retirement income for other important expenses. Seniors in Fort Myers can create a relaxing beach retirement lifestyle. Tallahassee Population: about 382,700 Share of population age 65+: 14.6% Median monthly rent: about $1,000 Tallahassee has four clear seasons, and its short winters are colder than the state’s coastal areas. Housing is more affordable here than in other Florida cities. Retirees can take classes at the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute at Florida, or enjoy one of Tallahassee’s many museums, historic sites and parks. Ocala Population: about 370,000 Share of population age 65+: 28.5% Median monthly rent: about $990 This equestrian (马术) town is best known for award-winning horses. Retirees can attend horse shows and equestrian events and enjoy regular horseback rides. Ocala’s inexpensive housing makes it easy to move to the area. The Ocala National Forest has hundreds of lakes, rivers and springs where you can swim and fish. 6. What is an advantage of Miami? A. It offers many kinds of services. B. It organizes volunteer activities. C. It provides the discount housing. D. It gives the suitable cost of living. 7. Which is the best if retirees want to get education after retiring? A. Miami. B. Ocala. C. Tallahassee. D. Fort Myers. 8. What can retirees do in Ocala? A. Visit many historic sites. B. Take part in equestrian events. C. Explore the depth of the forest. D. Create a beach retirement lifestyle. B A few years ago, I stood in a small classroom just outside of New York City, watching a high schooler named Serena Stevenson answer math questions. A teacher read out numbers — 74,470, 70,809, 98,402 — and Stevenson added them in her head. For each question, she closed her eyes, and then the fingers of her right hand began to move. She answered most of the problems correctly. The key to her success was an ancient technology called the abacus (算盘). Stevenson used a practice called “mental abacus”, imagining the abacus in her mind and then using her fingers to work out the problems. From watching Stevenson, I knew that gaining skill at the abacus was more than a matter of counting beads (珠子), so I decided to sign up for an abacus course with my two daughters to see if we could also improve our math skills. I was one of the many who had some math doubts and I felt scared. My usual solution was escape, and if I had to calculate something like a percentage change, I would go online. Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less scary. I didn’t become Euclid, the founder of geometry (几何学). But the practice brought my fears down. This is a time-tested power of the abacus. Confidence grows easily in the device (设备), and abacus students are less likely to be nervous about an upcoming math test. Part of the reason, it seems, is that practice and results appear to move in step. My kids gained much as well. My youngest daughter could work out those difficult math problems, while my older child brought her abacus to school to show it to her classmates and teacher. These were just small successes for them, but that was how they finally believed in themselves. 9. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To prove the difficulty of math. B. To introduce the topic of the abacus. C. To show the cleverness of Stevenson. D. To compare the author with Stevenson. 10. What do we know about the author from paragraph 3? A. He was weak in math. B. He was good at computer. C. He thought of math as useful. D. He had a close relationship with kids. 11. What does the author realize from his learning experience? A. All roads lead to Rome. B. It’s never too late to learn. C. Practice makes perfect. D. Faith can move mountains. 12. What did the author’s kids both gain from abacus learning? A. Interest in abacus B. Working skills. C. Secrets to success D. Self-confidence. C Just being intelligent (聪明的) doesn’t mean someone will be successful. And just because someone is less intelligent doesn't mean that person will fail. That’s one take-home message from the work of people like Angela Duckworth, who works at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Like many other scientists, Duckworth wondered what could make one person more successful than another. When digging deeper, Duckworth found that the people who performed best shared a quality (品质) independent of intelligence. They had the quality of grit (毅力). Duckworth developed a set of questions to test it. She called it her “grit scale (量表).” In one study of people 25 and older, she found that as people aged, it was more possible that they stuck with a project. She also found that grit increased with education. People who finished college scored higher on the grit scale than people who gave up before graduation. People who went to graduate school after college scored much higher. She then did another study with college students. Duckworth wanted to see how intelligence and grit made a difference to performance in school. So she compared scores on college-entrance exams, which measure IQ, to school grades and scores on the grit scale. Students with higher grades tended to have more grit. That’s not surprising. Getting good grades takes both smarts and hard work. But some people dissent from Duckworth who believes that this grit means success. Among those people is Marcus Crede, a professor at Iowa State University in Ames. He recently connected the results of 88 studies on grit. Together, those studies tested nearly 67,000 people. And grit did not mean success, Crede found. However, he thinks grit is very similar to someone’s ability to set goals, work toward them and think things through before acting. “Study habits and skills, test anxiety and class attendance are far more strongly connected to school grades than grit,” Crede says. “We can teach students how to study well. We can teach students how to solve their test anxiety,” he adds. “I’m not sure whether we can do that with grit.” 13. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. Intelligence leads to success. B. Duckworth redesigned a grit scale. C. Not all smart people will succeed. D. Grit decides how intelligent one might be. 14. What might make a difference to a person's grit according to Angela Duckworth’s findings? A. Lifestyle. B. Family. C. Personality D. Education. 15. What does the underlined words “dissent from” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Disagree with. B. Benefit from. C. Look down upon. D. Take advantage of. 16. What do we know from the last paragraph? A. Grit can be achieved easily. B. It may not be possible to teach grit. C. Grit is strongly related to test anxiety. D. Grit has nothing to do with school grades. D An Inuit-developed app, named SIKU after the Inuktitut for “sea ice”, allows local communities from Alaska to Greenland to connect traditional (传统的) knowledge with scientific data (数据) to track (追踪) changes in the environment, and make decisions about how to manage wildlife. A group of Inuit elders and hunters from Sanikiluaq, Nunavut, thought up the idea for SIKU more than ten years ago to record and understand the changing sea ice in southeastern Hudson Bay. The group turned to the local non-profit Arctic Eider Society (AES) to develop a web-based platform (平台). Over the years, SIKU has developed, and recently, the old saw that the platform could help solve a familiar problem: sharing knowledge with younger people who often have their noses in their phones. In 2019, SIKU was reintroduced as a full-fledged (全面发展的) social network — a platform where members can post photos and notes about wildlife sightings, hunts, sea ice conditions and more. The posts tell stories of hunting and traveling, the influence of climate change and industrial activity, and the traditions, diets and illnesses of local animals. Inuit communities are already making full use of the app SIKU to make important decisions. In 2021, for example, the old in Sanikiluaq were worried that the local reindeer (驯鹿) population had gone down, so the Hunters and Trappers Association used SIKU to look closely at hunters and recently reported harvest rates. The information led the association to close the hunt for a short time to stop the population from going down and to reintroduce hunting slowly when the number of reindeer increased. Traditionally, Inuit communities shared this information orally (口头上地). “We have lived in the environment for centuries and know about the wildlife. Now armed with SIKU, information is written in a way that other people will understand. The advantage of SIKU is that it’s part science and part Inuit knowledge and it supports community-driven research,” says Lucassie Arragutainaq, a co-founder of AES. 17. Why was SIKU developed in the beginning? A. To raise money for AES. B. To pass on Inuit tradition. C. To attract more visitors to Inuit communities. D. To record and learn about the changing sea ice. 18. Why is reindeer mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To further explain the role of SIKU. B. To advise people to pay more attention to SIKU. C. To call on visitors and locals to protect reindeer. D. To tell the advantages of the Hunters and Trappers Association. 19. What is the attitude of Lucassie Arragutainaq toward SIKU? A. Puzzled. B. Worried. C. Agreeable. D. Doubtful. 20. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. SIKU: Overcoming Environmental Challenges B. SIKU: Informing Decisions Of Local Communities C. SIKU: Advantages Over Other Local Social Media Platforms D. SIKU: Putting Traditional Wisdom and Modern Technology Together III.七选五。阅读下面短文，从段短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分。) Maybe you are an average boy or girl. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so, however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. ____21____. ____22____. When planning your work, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First, set your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then, decide a good, regular time for studying. Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment (娱乐). A weekly plan may not solve all your problems, but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time. Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk, free of everything but study materials (资料). ____23____. When you sit down to begin, concentrate (集中精力) on the subject. Make full use of your time in class. Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says. Focusing on each class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says. Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes. Besides, review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, and read that material. ____24____. If you do these things regularly, the material will become more meaningful, and you’ll remember it longer. Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. The world won’t end if you don't pass a test, so don’t be overly worried. ____25____. You will probably discover many others after you have tried the things mentioned above. A. Have confidence in yourself B. Plan your time carefully and wisely C. This will help you understand the next class D. Do stay away from games, radios, or television E. There are other methods that might help you with your study F. No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard G. Here’s some advice on how to become a better student or top student IV.完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分。) It was dinnertime at Grandma and Grandpa's farm. It was a feast (盛宴) but without ____26____ occasion. We had chicken, potatoes, green salad, corn and fruit salad. We sat at the table. Grandma ____27____ the food to Grandpa and their girls. Grandpa said, “Looks delicious. I’m as ____28____ as a bear.” As soon as Grandpa picked up his ____29____, they heard a car drive up. Grandma opened the door, and in came Aunt Maud. “Come in! You’re just in time,” Grandpa said. Then in came Aunt Dessie, Aunt Clara, friends, and their families. Grandma was a little ____30____, “I never expected so many guests to come, but I can ____31____ it.” Grandpa sat in the doorway. There was little ____32____ in the kitchen behind his chair. So he got up and pulled his chair in so people could ____33____. But when he sat down again a strange thing happened: His plate had ____34____ before his eyes! He put his fork down, thinking to himself, “Well, there seems no ____35____ for my plate anymore.” Grandma tried to serve the kids some water, but Aunt Dessie ____36____ her, “We’ll take care of ourselves.” Then everyone started ____37____ around the sink (水池) and cupboard to drink water. Kids were thirsty! There were lots of kids. Grandma had enough food for four, not twenty-four! ____38____, Aunt Dessie helped Grandma make more dishes. The girls ____39____to help, but Aunt Dessie said they were too ____40____ and had better stay at the table so that they wouldn't do more harm than good. Grandma added some more foods to everyone's plate. There was lots of laughter. No one doubted they had a good time. They never found out who used Grandpa’s plate, but did know that he enjoyed the reunion and that was enough! 26. A. real B. proper C. special D. troublesome 27. A. threw B. introduced C. passed D. sent 28. A. strong B. clever C. brave D. hungry 29. A. fork B. glasses C. book D. pencil 30. A. funny B. scared C. surprised D. interested 31. A. control B. manage C. design D. achieve 32. A. time B. money C. company D. room 33. A. take off B. pass through C. come up D. look out 34. A. changed B. flown C. grown D. disappeared 35. A. use B. color C. solution D. importance 36. A. encouraged B. told C. found D. followed 37. A. waiting B. hanging C. playing D. looking 38. A. Still B. Besides C. Therefore D. However 39. A. ended B. tried C. needed D. explained 40. A. helpful B. active C. young D. naughty V.语法填空。(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分。) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Today, life as a teenager has changed greatly. The growth from childhood to adulthood is effortless for some, but difficult for others. There are many challenges to face, decisions to make, and roads to take. Being a teenager means we’re no longer a child and we’re not an adult either. We make great effort ____41____ (live) up to so many expectations from our friends, family members, and even our parents’ friends too. Actually, in this stage of life, we ____42____ (expect) to be responsible for something, yet we’re not allowed to do what adults can. All adults see us as children who are trying to be someone we can’t be just yet. Many adults expect us to act just as they did, but they don’t understand the fact that our way of growing up is different from ____43____ (they). Times have changed ____44____ (compare) to 30 years ago when our parents were teenagers. Back then they ____45____ (have) more time away from phones, computers and TVs. They communicated face ____46____ face more. Nowadays we communicate online. The best part of being a teenager is being able to find things at the click of a button (按钮). With the ____47____ (develop) of technology, today’s generation doesn’t struggle (挣扎) as much ____48____ they did 30 years ago. The new technology plays ____49____ irreplaceable role in our lives. Teenagers nowadays are getting _____50_____ (close) to each other than ever. We can easily reach each other with a mobile phone or a computer. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $