Unit 1 Friendship单元重点词汇变形分层必考100题 2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 以三层梯度（基础识记→能力提升→综合拓展）系统覆盖词汇音形义、变形及语境应用，实现从基础到综合的渐进式训练，助力语言能力与学习能力提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础识记|40题（音标写词20+中文提示写词20）|音标匹配、中文释义写词|从音形关联到词义记忆，夯实词汇拼写根基| |能力提升|30题（词形转换）|名词单复数、词性转换等语法结合题型|连接词汇与语法，突破变形失分点| |综合拓展|30题（首字母填空）|语境化单词辨析与固定搭配考查|整合前两层知识，训练上下文词汇运用能力|

夯实词汇基础・突破变形考点・单元专项精练 译林版（新教材）八年级上册Unit 1 Friendship 单元重点词汇变形分层100题 学校：______________ 班级：______________ 姓名：______________ （考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分） 资料说明 整套词汇专项按基础识记→能力提升→综合拓展三层梯度划分，由浅入深，完整覆盖音、形、义、变形、语境全维度考点： 1. 基础识记（40分）：内设音标写词、中文提示写词两类基础题型，先通过音标训练音形匹配，解决单词不会读、不会拼的难题；再结合中文释义巩固词义记忆，全覆盖单元核心四会单词，夯实拼写根基。 2. 能力提升（30分）：词形转换专项，囊括名词单复数、词性转换、时态变化、形副词转换等高频易错考点，词汇语法结合，针对性突破变形失分点。 3. 综合拓展（30分）：语境首字母填空，依托完整句子设置场景，考查单词辨析与固定搭配，训练学生结合上下文灵活运用词汇的能力。 第一部分：基础识记层级（40 分） Ⅰ. 根据句意及音标提示写出单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1．People are often afraid of things they don’t ________ /ˌʌndəˈstænd/. 2．Please listen ________ /ˈkeəfəli/ when the teacher is explaining the grammar rules. 3．Rules help us become a better ________ /'pɜːsn/. 4．The little girl felt ________/ʌnˈhæpi/ because her best friend didn’t come to her birthday party. 5．The story is so funny. It makes me ________ /lɑːf/ a lot. 6．________ /'frendʃɪp/ is an important part of our lives because we all need friends. 7．Our English teacher is very __________ /'peɪʃnt/ to us. 8．The ________ /haɪt/ of Mount Qomolangma is 8848.86 metres. 9．I told my friend my ________ /'siːkrəts/ and I asked her to keep them to herself. 10．We should learn to ________ /feɪs/ difficulties as we grow up. 11．I won’t ________ /bɪˈliːv/ you until I see with my own eyes. 12．Bruce used to be shy, but now he is confident and ________ /'æktɪv/. 13．The hotel provides free Wi-Fi in all rooms so you won’t be ________ /bɔːd/ living there. 14．The girl wrote down her clear ________ /θɔːts/ quickly. 15．The sad boy smiled after he heard a funny ________ /dʒəʊk/ . 16．The shopkeeper is known for being ________ /ˈɒnɪst/ — he never sells bad goods. 17．Betty felt sad because he did even _________ /wɜːs/ in the exam this time. 18．Our teachers are strict about our studies, but they always ___________ /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ us and give us help. 19．When you are sad, try to read some ________ /ˈfʌni/ stories. 20．It’s kind of Ann to give a ________ /siːt/ to someone in need on the bus. Ⅱ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1．I can tell Lucy everything because she can _________ _________ (保密) for me. 2．To be honest, it is one of the ________ (最差的) films I’ve ever seen. 3．Paul was very nervous before he got the ________ (测验) results. 4．Today is Nick’s birthday. You can see a lot of ________ (气球) and flowers. 5．The ________ (勇敢的) boy saved the cat from the tree. 6．Mr. Li is a kind teacher. He is always ________ (有耐心的) with his students when they ask questions. 7．He ________ (撒谎) to his teacher. His teacher was angry with him. 8．I can’t hear you clearly . Would you speak __________ __________ __________ (有点儿) louder? 9．Rules are strict. ________ (然而), they help teenagers grow well. 10．My cat has been ________ (死的) for several months, but I still miss it. 11．We never ________ (攻击) classmates who have different thoughts from us in class at any time. 12．When the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of ________ (危险). 13．It’s important for us to ________ ________ (和睦相处) with our classmates and teachers. 14．He always listens to people carefully when they talk to him, so he is a good ________ (听者). 15．After living in this village for over a decade, he was used to ________ (点头) to greet every villager. 16．Our music teacher asks us to sing this song with ________ (情感). 17．She is a ________ (体贴的) friend who always remembers my birthday. 18．He seems very serious , but in fact he has a good __________ __________ __________ (幽默感). 19．The ________ (打斗) in the action films have bad effects (影响) on children. 20．________ (一旦) you are with your good friends, you should share your joy with them. 第二部分：能力提升层级（30 分） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（共30小题，每小题1分） 1．________ (person), I think this new system will benefit most students. 2．Good friends will support you when you are ________ (happy). 3．Kate didn’t think her friend was telling the ________ (true) about the event. 4．I have never met a girl ________ (brave) than Dorothy. 5．All her friends think she is a good ________ (listen) because she always listens to them ________ (careful). 6．Listen to the soft music, she has a ________ (feel) of peace in her heart. 7．Body language is very common in our lives. ________ (nod) our heads means we agree with others. 8．He is never ________ (patient) even if the waiting line is too long. 9．Lily is my close friend and she always shares her ________ with me. (secret) 10．The woman is feeling much _________ than yesterday. (bad) 11．It’s ________ (believe) that Huoshenshan Hospital was set up in Wuhan in just 10 days. 12．He is an ________ (energy) boy and he likes playing all kinds of sports. 13．Don’t feel ________ (bore) in class. It is necessary for us to stay at school. 14．The new AI robot can tell ________ (humour) stories, making it a fun partner for students to practice English with. 15．She spoke slowly, so I ________ (understand) every word. 16．He sits in the front of the classroom because of his ________ (high). 17．The plan doesn’t seem so good. You need to be ________ (thought) about it. 18．Now more and more ______(teenager) are interested in driving. 19．He told us some funny ________ (joke) and we all laughed with joy. 20．— Why did the girl look so ________ (cheer)? — For winning the match. 21．I have no reason to doubt her ________ (honest), it’s just that I can’t understand how it happened. 22．We still don’t know whether the man is alive or ________ (die) and the doctors are trying their best. 23．Our teachers told us not to swim in the river because it’s ____________. (danger) 24．We can express our ________ (think) and feelings freely, which is a great thing. 25．We have five ________and if we lose just one of them, life is very difficult. (sense) 26．This is a ________ (fun) story and I like it very much. 27．It’s polite to give your _______ (sit) to others in need on the bus. 28．Our classroom is always full of happiness and ________. (laugh) 29．A ________ person is kind and helpful, and can always stand in other people’s shoes.(care) 30．Our English teacher Mr White is kind and ________ (humor), so we all like him. 第三部分：综合拓展层级（30 分） 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词（共30小题，每小题1分） 1．We all like Michael. He always tells jokes to make us l________. 2．She is a very b________ girl who is not afraid of anything. 3．When the students saw the teacher coming, they went back to their s________ quickly. 4．Miss Yang is p________ with her students. They all like her very much. 5．My uncle told a funny j________, and we all laughed a lot. 6．People like to make friends with those who tell the t________. 7．The Eiffel Tower in France is a famous place of interest, with 330 metres in h________. 8．If you agree with me, please n________ your head or raise your hand. 9．Molly was so sad to hear that many animals are in great d________ because of human activities. 10．Our new PE teacher is always e________ in class—she never seems tired. 11．The scientists b________ that the global warming will cause more problems in the future. 12．There was nothing to do in the evening but read. Still no one seemed to be b________. 13．Parents try to give their children a strong s_________ of responsibility. 14．Don’t tell anyone about our plan—it’s a s________ between you and me. 15．T________ are people from 13 years old to 19 years old. 16．My brother is very t________. He always helps others. 17．He was feeling bad. H________, he still went to work. 18．Let me share a f________ story with you. I hope you can enjoy laughing with it. 19．Tom’s parents have been d________ for three years. Now he lives alone. 20．He looked u________ because nobody wanted to play with him. 21．I thought I was getting better, but my sore throat got w_______ at night. 22．She is shy, so her teachers often e________ her to talk with classmates. 23．Claudia thinks the magician is a little b______ silly. It seems impossible to move the table. 24．Ask your teacher for help if you don’t u________ maths problems. 25．He’s just the p________ we need for the job. 26．Judy was c_______ because she got full marks in the English exam. 27．The h________ character in the movie makes us laugh happily. 28．Everyone likes Lisa because she is always h________ and never tells lies. 29．They are good friends, and their f________ is deep. 30．Our music teacher asks us to sing this song with f________. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 答案解析 第一部分：基础识记层级（40 分） Ⅰ. 根据句意及音标提示写出单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1. understand；解析：音标/ˌʌndəˈstænd/，动词，don’t后接动词原形，意为“理解”。 2. carefully；解析：音标/ˈkeəfəli/，副词修饰动词listen，意为“仔细地”。 3. person；解析：音标/ˈpɜːsn/，不定冠词a后用单数名词，意为“人”。 4. unhappy；解析：音标/ʌnˈhæpi/，形容词作表语，意为“不开心的”。 5. laugh；解析：音标/lɑːf/，固定搭配make sb. do sth.，用动词原形，意为“大笑”。 6. Friendship；解析：音标/ˈfrendʃɪp/，名词作句子主语，句首首字母大写，意为“友谊”。 7. patient；解析：音标/ˈpeɪʃnt/，形容词作表语，be patient to sb. 对某人有耐心。 8. height；解析：音标/haɪt/，the后接名词，the height of ……的高度。 9. secrets；解析：音标/ˈsiːkrəts/，后文them提示用复数，意为“秘密”。 10. face；解析：音标/feɪs/，learn to do sth. 后接动词原形，意为“面对”。 11. believe；解析：音标/bɪˈliːv/，won’t后接动词原形，意为“相信”。 12. active；解析：音标/ˈæktɪv/，and并列形容词confident和active，意为“积极的”。 13. bored；解析：音标/bɔːd/，修饰人用-ed形容词bored，意为“无聊的”。 14. thoughts；解析：音标/θɔːts/，复数名词作wrote down宾语，意为“想法”。 15. joke；解析：音标/dʒəʊk/，不定冠词a后用单数名词，意为“笑话”。 16. honest；解析：音标/ˈɒnɪst/，形容词作表语，意为“诚实的”。 17. worse；解析：音标/wɜːs/，even修饰比较级，bad的比较级worse，意为“更差”。 18. encourage；解析：音标/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/，一般现在时主语they，动词原形，意为“鼓励”。 19. funny；解析：音标/ˈfʌni/，形容词修饰名词stories，意为“有趣的”。 20. seat；解析：音标/siːt/，不定冠词a后用单数名词，give a seat 让座。 Ⅱ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1. keep secrets；解析：情态动词can后用动词原形，固定搭配keep secrets 保密。 2. worst；解析：one of + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词，bad最高级worst，最差的。 3. test；解析：the后接名词，test results 测验成绩，单数。 4. balloons；解析：a lot of 后接可数名词复数，balloon复数balloons，气球。 5. brave；解析：形容词修饰名词boy，brave 勇敢的。 6. patient；解析：be patient with sb. 固定搭配，对某人有耐心。 7. lied；解析：后句was提示一般过去时，lie“撒谎”过去式lied。 8. a little bit；解析：固定短语a little bit 有点儿，修饰比较级louder。 9. However；解析：副词表转折“然而”，句首单独使用，逗号隔开，首字母大写。 10. dead；解析：have been + 形容词dead，表状态“死去的”，不能用die。 11. attack；解析：一般现在时主语we，动词原形attack，攻击。 12. danger；解析：plenty of后接名词，in danger 处于危险中，danger危险。 13. get along with；解析：It’s important to do sth. 用动词原形，固定搭配和睦相处。 14. listener；解析：a good后接单数名词listener，听者。 15. nodding；解析：固定搭配be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事，nod变动名词nodding，点头。 16. feelings；解析：with后接名词，feeling表情感常用复数feelings。 17. thoughtful；解析：形容词修饰名词friend，thoughtful 体贴的。 18. sense of humour；解析：固定搭配a good sense of humour 幽默感。 19. fights；解析：谓语have为复数，主语fight用复数fights，打斗。 20. Once；解析：连词once引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦”，句首大写。 第二部分：能力提升层级（30 分） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（共30小题，每小题1分） 1. Personally；解析：副词放句首修饰整个句子，person→personally，就个人而言。 2. unhappy；解析：语境“好朋友会在你不开心时支持你”，happy反义词unhappy。 3. truth；解析：定冠词the后接名词，true名词形式truth，真相。 4. braver；解析：than提示比较级，brave比较级braver，更勇敢的。 5. listener; carefully；解析：第一空a good后单数名词listener；第二空副词carefully修饰动词listens。 6. feeling；解析：a后接单数名词，have a feeling of… 有一种……的感觉。 7. Nodding；解析：动名词作句子主语，nod变动名词Nodding，句首大写。 8. impatient；解析：后半句“排队很久”，语境“从不不耐烦”，patient反义词impatient。 9. secrets；解析：share后无冠词，用复数secrets，分享秘密。 10. worse；解析：much修饰形容词比较级，bad比较级worse，更糟糕。 11. unbelievable；解析：语义“10天建成火神山难以置信”，believe形容词unbelievable。 12. energetic；解析：形容词修饰名词boy，energy形容词energetic，精力充沛的。 13. bored；解析：修饰人用-ed形容词bored，感到无聊的。 14. humorous；解析：形容词修饰名词stories，humour形容词humorous，幽默的。 15. understood；解析：前句spoke为过去式，时态统一用understand过去式understood。 16. height；解析：形容词性物主代词his后接名词，high名词height，身高。 17. thoughtful；解析：be动词后接形容词，thought形容词thoughtful，深思熟虑的。 18. teenagers；解析：more and more后接可数名词复数，teenager复数teenagers。 19. jokes；解析：some后接可数名词复数，joke复数jokes。 20. cheerful；解析：look为系动词，后接形容词cheerful，开心的。 21. honesty；解析：形容词性物主代词her后接名词，honest名词honesty，诚实。 22. dead；解析：or并列alive和dead，形容词，死的。 23. dangerous；解析：be动词后接形容词作表语，danger形容词dangerous，危险的。 24. thoughts；解析：并列feelings，think名词thought，复数thoughts，想法。 25. senses；解析：five后接可数名词复数，sense复数senses，感官。 26. funny；解析：形容词修饰名词story，fun名词funny有趣的。 27. seat；解析：形容词性物主代词your后接名词sit对应seat，座位。 28. laughter；解析：and并列happiness，laugh名词laughter，欢笑。 29. caring；解析：形容词修饰名词person，care形容词caring，体贴关心人的。 30. humorous；解析：and并列形容词kind，humour形容词humorous，幽默的。 第三部分：综合拓展层级（30 分） 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词（共30小题，每小题1分） 1. laugh；解析：固定搭配make sb. do sth.，tell jokes讲笑话使人发笑，laugh 大笑。 2. brave；解析：后文not afraid of anything不怕任何事，brave形容词勇敢的。 3. seats；解析：学生看见老师返回座位，their后用复数seats，座位。 4. patient；解析：固定搭配be patient with students，对学生有耐心。 5. joke；解析：a funny后接单数名词，tell a joke 讲笑话。 6. truth；解析：tell the truth 固定短语，说实话。 7. height；解析：in后接名词，in height 高度，the height of tower塔高。 8. nod；解析：if引导祈使句，please后动词原形，nod one’s head 点头。 9. danger；解析：固定搭配in great danger 处于极大危险中。 10. energetic；解析：后文never seems tired从不疲惫，energetic精力充沛的。 11. believe；解析：主语scientists，一般现在时动词原形believe，相信。 12. bored；解析：主语人no one，修饰人用bored，感到无聊。 13. sense；解析：固定搭配a strong sense of ……强烈的……感。 14. secret；解析：between you and me 你我之间的秘密，a后单数secret。 15. Teenagers；解析：后文13至19岁人群，teenager复数，句首大写Teenagers青少年。 16. thoughtful；解析：后文helps others乐于助人，thoughtful体贴的。 17. However；解析：前后转折，副词然而，句首大写。 18. funny；解析：后文enjoy laughing，funny有趣好笑的。 19. dead；解析：have been dead 表持续状态，死去三年。 20. unhappy；解析：没人和他玩耍，所以不开心，unhappy难过的。 21. worse；解析：but转折，喉咙变得更差，bad比较级worse。 22. encourage；解析：固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事。 23. bit；解析：固定短语a little bit 有点儿，修饰形容词silly。 24. understand；解析：don’t后接动词原形，understand maths problems 理解数学题。 25. person；解析：the后接单数名词，the person we need 我们需要的人。 26. cheerful；解析：满分所以开心，cheerful开心的。 27. humorous；解析：后文makes us laugh，humorous幽默的。 28. honest；解析：never tells lies从不说谎，honest诚实的。 29. friendship；解析：好朋友，他们的友谊深厚，friendship友谊。 30. feelings；解析：sing with feelings 带着情感歌唱，feeling复数表情绪。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $