Unit 2 Sports and Fitness 单元测试卷-2026-2027学年高中英语北师大版必修第一册

北师大版必修第一册 Unit 2 Sports and Fitness 单元测试卷 （新高考题型 · 满分 120 分 · 考试时间 120 分钟） 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Greenfield Community Sports Centre — Autumn Programs Get active this autumn! Our community centre offers a wide range of classes for all ages and fitness levels. Membership is free for residents; non-residents pay a small fee per class. Fitness Classes - Morning Yoga: Mon/Wed/Fri, 7:00–8:00 AM, Studio 2. Improve flexibility and reduce stress. Suitable for beginners. Bring your own mat. - HIIT Training: Tue/Thu, 6:00–6:45 PM, Main Hall. High-intensity interval training for maximum calorie burn. Not recommended for beginners or those with joint problems. - Zumba Dance: Mon/Wed, 7:30–8:30 PM, Studio 1. Fun Latin-inspired dance workout. All levels welcome. No partner needed. Swimming - Lane Swimming: Daily, 6:00 AM–9:00 PM, Pool. Five lanes available, including one slow lane and one fast lane. - Adult Beginner Lessons: Sat, 10:00–11:00 AM, Pool. Eight-week course starting September 20. Limited to 10 participants. Register at the front desk. Team Sports - Badminton Club: Wed, 7:00–9:00 PM, Gymnasium. Rackets and shuttlecocks provided. All skill levels welcome. - 5-a-side Football: Sun, 2:00–4:00 PM, Outdoor Pitch. Drop-in sessions — just turn up and join a team. Boots required. Special Event - Charity Fun Run: Sunday, October 5, 9:00 AM. 5K and 10K routes through Greenfield Park. Registration £5 per person, all proceeds go to the local hospital. Sign up online by September 30. For more information, visit www.greenfieldsports.org or call 01234 567890. 1. What should a beginner who wants to improve flexibility attend? A. HIIT Training B. Morning Yoga C. Zumba Dance D. Lane Swimming 2. If someone wants to learn swimming, what do they need to do? A. Call to book a private lesson. B. Register at the front desk for the Saturday course. C. Join the badminton club first. D. Sign up online by September 30. 3. What do we know about the Charity Fun Run? A. It is held every Sunday morning. B. Participants must be members of the sports centre. C. The money raised will support the local hospital. D. Only 10 people can take part in the event. B When Tom Bradley crossed the finish line of his first marathon, he didn't feel like a champion. He felt like someone who had finally stopped running away from himself. Two years earlier, Tom had weighed 120 kilograms. He worked long hours at an office, ate takeout every night, and hadn't exercised since high school. A routine check-up changed everything. His doctor looked at his blood pressure results and said quietly, "If you don't make changes, you won't see your daughter graduate from primary school." That sentence hit Tom like a physical blow. His daughter, Lily, was only six. He went home, looked at her drawing on the fridge, and cried. Then he put on his trainers — the same pair he'd owned for five years — and walked around the block. It took him twenty minutes, and he was breathless by the end. But he did it again the next day, and the day after that. The first month was brutal. His knees ached, his lungs burned, and every step felt like a negotiation with his own body. He wanted to quit a hundred times. But each evening, Lily would ask, "Daddy, did you go for your walk today?" and he couldn't say no. Gradually, walking became jogging, and jogging became running. He joined a local running group, where he met people who didn't judge his slow pace. They taught him about pacing, hydration, and the importance of rest days. He started eating home-cooked meals and discovered that vegetables didn't have to be boring. Eighteen months after that doctor's appointment, Tom stood at the starting line of the city marathon. He didn't care about his time. He only cared about finishing. When he crossed the line after four hours and thirty-two minutes, his daughter was there, holding a sign that said "MY DADDY IS A SUPERHERO." Tom had lost 45 kilograms, but more importantly, he had gained something he hadn't felt in years: pride. He had learned that fitness wasn't about being the fastest or the strongest — it was about showing up, even when it was hard, and never giving up on yourself. 4. What made Tom decide to start exercising? A. His daughter's encouragement. B. His doctor's warning about his health. C. A marathon he watched on TV. D. His colleagues' mockery about his weight. 5. What can we infer about Tom's first month of exercise? A. He enjoyed every minute of it. B. He lost a significant amount of weight quickly. C. It was physically challenging but he persisted. D. He joined a running group from the beginning. 6. Why did Tom keep exercising even when he wanted to quit? A. He had paid for an expensive gym membership. B. His running group forced him to continue. C. His daughter's daily question motivated him. D. He wanted to win the marathon. 7. What is the main message of the text? A. Marathon running is the best way to lose weight. B. Parents should set good examples for their children. C. Persistence and self-care can transform your life. D. Regular exercise can cure serious illnesses. C Exercise and the Brain: More Than Just Muscle For years, the benefits of exercise were measured in physical terms: weight loss, stronger hearts, better endurance. But modern neuroscience is revealing that movement may be even more important for what's inside your head. A landmark 2023 study conducted by researchers at University College London followed 10,000 adults over five years. Participants who engaged in at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week showed a 32 percent lower risk of cognitive decline compared to sedentary individuals. Even more remarkably, those who exercised regularly demonstrated greater volume in the hippocampus — the brain region responsible for memory and learning. Dr. Sarah Chen, the study's lead researcher, explained the biological mechanism: "When we exercise, our bodies release a protein called BDNF — brain-derived neurotrophic factor. You can think of it as fertilizer for the brain. It helps neurons grow, connect, and survive." The study found that BDNF levels increased by up to 50 percent after a single 30-minute session of aerobic exercise. The research also challenged a common assumption: that you need to push yourself to exhaustion to benefit. In fact, moderate activities like brisk walking, cycling, or swimming produced the most consistent cognitive benefits. High-intensity training, while effective for physical fitness, did not produce significantly greater brain benefits than moderate exercise. Mental health showed equally impressive results. A separate analysis of 50 studies, published in the *Journal of Psychiatric Research*, found that regular exercise was as effective as medication for mild to moderate depression in some cases. Exercise stimulates the release of endorphins and dopamine, neurotransmitters associated with pleasure and reward, while reducing cortisol, the body's primary stress hormone. Perhaps most encouragingly, it's never too late to start. The study found that adults who began exercising after age 60 still showed measurable improvements in memory and executive function within six months. As Dr. Chen put it, "Movement is medicine, and the prescription is simple: move more, sit less, and do it consistently." 8. What did the 2023 UCL study find about exercise? A. It can completely prevent cognitive decline. B. 150 minutes of weekly exercise reduces cognitive decline risk. C. Only high-intensity exercise benefits the brain. D. Exercise has no effect on brain structure. 9. The word "sedentary" in paragraph 2 probably means ______. A. physically active B. sitting for long periods C. highly educated D. middle-aged 10. According to the text, what is BDNF? A. A type of exercise that improves memory. B. A brain region responsible for learning. C. A protein that helps neurons grow and connect. D. A stress hormone released during exercise. 11. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Exercise can replace all depression medications. B. Older adults cannot benefit from starting exercise. C. Moderate, consistent exercise benefits both body and mind. D. High-intensity training is harmful to mental health. D The Power of Self-Talk: How Inner Dialogue Affects Athletic Performance Every athlete knows the feeling: halfway through a race, muscles screaming, lungs burning, a voice in your head says, "You can't do this. Slow down. Quit." What separates elite performers from the rest may not be physical talent alone — it may be how they respond to that voice. In 2022, sports psychologists at the University of Birmingham conducted a controlled experiment with 80 competitive runners. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups. The first group received training in motivational self-talk — repeating phrases like "I can do this" or "Push through." The second group used instructional self-talk — focusing on technique, such as "Relax your shoulders" or "Steady breathing." The third group, the control group, received no special training. Over four weeks, all groups maintained the same physical training regimen. The only difference was the mental strategy. At the end of the study, participants completed a 5-kilometer time trial. The results were striking: the motivational self-talk group improved their times by an average of 4.2 percent, while the instructional group improved by 2.8 percent. The control group showed no significant improvement. Dr. James Wallace, who led the study, noted that the type of self-talk mattered depending on the situation. "Motivational self-talk works best for endurance events where effort is the limiting factor," he explained. "Instructional self-talk is more effective for skill-based activities like tennis serves or gymnastics, where technique is crucial." The research also explored the difference between first-person and second-person self-talk. Surprisingly, athletes who addressed themselves in the second person — "You can do this" rather than "I can do this" — performed slightly better. Dr. Wallace offered an explanation: "Using 'you' creates a psychological distance, as if you're receiving advice from a supportive coach. It reduces the emotional intensity of the moment and allows for more rational thinking." Critics argue that self-talk research often relies on small sample sizes and subjective self-reporting. However, the Birmingham study's controlled design and objective performance measures address many of these concerns. The implications extend beyond sports: if self-talk can improve physical performance, it may also help students manage exam anxiety, professionals handle high-pressure meetings, and individuals cope with daily stress. As Dr. Wallace concluded, "The conversation you have with yourself matters. You can't always control the voice that says you're tired. But you can choose how you answer it." 12. What were participants in the first group asked to do? A. Focus on their running technique. B. Repeat encouraging phrases to themselves. C. Maintain their normal training without changes. D. Receive advice from a professional coach. 13. The study found that second-person self-talk ______. A. was less effective than first-person B. made athletes more emotionally intense C. created a sense of receiving external support D. worked best for skill-based activities 14. What can we conclude from the comparison between the three groups? A. Physical training has no effect on performance. B. Both types of self-talk improved running times. C. The control group performed better than expected. D. Instructional self-talk is more effective than motivational. 15. What is the researchers' attitude toward the application of self-talk beyond sports? A. Optimistic B. Skeptical C. Neutral D. Opposed 第二节 七选五（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Start Running When You Hate Running Many people say they hate running, but the truth is, they hate how running makes them feel when they do it wrong. Starting a running habit doesn't require talent or expensive gear — it requires a smart approach. Here's how to build a running routine that actually sticks. Start with Walk-Run Intervals The biggest mistake beginners make is trying to run too far, too fast. ___16___ Try this: run for one minute, then walk for two minutes. Repeat for 20 minutes. As your fitness improves, gradually increase the running intervals and decrease the walking. Get the Right Shoes You don't need the latest £150 running shoes, but you do need shoes that fit properly and provide adequate support. ___17___ Replace them every 500–600 kilometers, as worn-out shoes can lead to injuries. Focus on Consistency, Not Speed It doesn't matter how fast you go. What matters is showing up regularly — three times a week, ideally with a rest day between sessions. ___18___ Your body needs time to adapt, and progress happens gradually. Make It Enjoyable If running feels like punishment, you won't keep doing it. Run in a park instead of on busy streets. Listen to music, podcasts, or audiobooks. ___19___ Some people find that running with a friend makes the time pass faster and keeps them accountable. Listen to Your Body Muscle soreness is normal, but sharp pain is a warning sign. If something hurts, stop. ___20___ And remember: rest days are not lazy — they're when your body actually gets stronger. Running isn't for everyone, but many people who say they hate it simply haven't given it a fair chance. Start slow, be patient, and you might surprise yourself. A. Visit a specialty running store for a proper fitting. B. Your lungs and legs need time to build endurance. C. Running with music has been proven to improve performance. D. This approach makes the workout manageable and reduces injury risk. E. Choose a route that you find pleasant, even beautiful. F. Many beginners quit because they push themselves too hard initially. G. Rest for a day or two, and if the pain continues, see a doctor. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The school cross-country race was only two weeks away, and Maya had never finished higher than last place. She wasn't naturally athletic — she was the girl who spent lunch breaks in the library, her nose in a book. But this year, something had ___21___. Her grandfather, who had been a long-distance runner in his youth, had fallen ill. Before he went into the hospital, he had given Maya his old running watch and said, "I want you to ___22___ this race for me." Maya didn't know how to run. She could barely jog around the school field without stopping. But every afternoon after school, she put on that watch and ran. At first, she could only ___23___ for five minutes before her legs felt like lead. She wanted to ___24___, but then she would look at the watch and remember her grandfather's smile. Her friend Jake noticed her struggling one day. "You're going about this all wrong," he said. "You're ___25___ too fast at the start and then you burn out." He offered to run with her, teaching her about pacing and breathing. Together, they ___26___ a training plan: three runs a week, gradually increasing the distance. The first week was ___27___. Maya's muscles ached, and she was convinced she would never get better. But Jake reminded her that improvement wasn't ___28___ — it came in small, almost invisible steps. By the second week, she could run for fifteen minutes without stopping. By the third, she could complete the full 3-kilometer course. Race day arrived. The starting line was crowded with the school's fastest runners. Maya felt ___29___, but she touched the watch on her wrist and took a deep breath. The whistle blew, and she began — slowly, just as Jake had taught her. The first kilometer was fine. The second was harder. By the third, her lungs were burning and her legs screamed at her to stop. Several runners passed her. ___30___, she didn't care about her place. She only cared about finishing. With 200 meters left, Maya saw the finish line. And there, standing at the edge of the track, was her grandfather — released from the hospital for the day, ___31___ weakly from a wheelchair. He raised his hand and gave her a thumbs-up. Maya found a burst of energy she didn't know she had. She ___32___ forward, her legs moving faster than they ever had. She crossed the finish line not in first place — not even close — but she finished. And that was enough. Her grandfather was crying. "I'm so ___33___ of you," he whispered. Maya had learned that courage wasn't about being the fastest. It was about ___34___ when your body tells you to stop, and finishing what you started. She still loved books, but now she also loved the feeling of her heart pounding and her lungs working — the feeling of being truly ___35___. 21. A. changed B. disappeared C. remained D. returned 22. A. win B. run C. organize D. watch 23. A. walk B. rest C. continue D. pause 24. A. quit B. cry C. laugh D. shout 25. A. growing B. starting C. finishing D. practicing 26. A. abandoned B. created C. followed D. improved 27. A. exciting B. rewarding C. painful D. boring 28. A. immediate B. necessary C. important D. possible 29. A. confident B. nervous C. proud D. disappointed 30. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Instead D. However 31. A. waving B. shouting C. crying D. standing 32. A. backed B. fell C. pushed D. looked 33. A. afraid B. tired C. ashamed D. proud 34. A. giving up B. slowing down C. keeping going D. turning back 35. A. alive B. successful C. intelligent D. beautiful 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tai Chi, an ancient Chinese martial art, is often described as "meditation in motion." ___36___ (practice) by millions of people worldwide, it combines slow, graceful movements with deep breathing and mental focus. Unlike high-intensity sports, Tai Chi is gentle on the joints, ___37___ makes it suitable for people of all ages and fitness levels. A 2024 study ___38___ (publish) in the *Journal of the American Geriatrics Society* found that older adults who practiced Tai Chi three times a week improved their balance by 25 percent and reduced their risk of falls by nearly 30 percent. The benefits are not just physical. Research ___39___ (show) that regular Tai Chi practice can reduce stress, improve sleep quality, and even alleviate symptoms of mild depression. The slow, controlled movements require concentration, ___40___ helps calm the mind and bring about a sense of peace. One of the most appealing aspects of Tai Chi is that it requires no special equipment and can ___41___ (do) anywhere — a park, a living room, even an office. All you need is comfortable clothing and a small amount of space. Many people are surprised by how challenging Tai Chi can be. ___42___ the movements look simple, maintaining proper form and balance requires significant core strength and body awareness. Beginners often find that their legs shake during the first few sessions. If you're interested in ___43___ (try) Tai Chi, look for a qualified instructor in your community. Many community centres and gyms offer beginner classes at low cost. As with any exercise program, consistency is ___44___ (important) than intensity. Even 20 minutes a day can make a noticeable ___45___ (different) to your physical and mental well-being. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分） 假定你是李华。你的英国朋友 Peter 最近缺乏锻炼，身体状况不佳，写信向你寻求建议。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 表达关心； 2. 给出至少两条具体的运动建议； 3. 鼓励他坚持。 注意： 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The championship volleyball match was tied at 24–24 in the fifth set. The gymnasium was so loud that Emma could barely hear her own thoughts. She was the team's setter, and the next point was in her hands. Emma had been playing volleyball since she was eight. Her father, a former college player, had coached her every weekend in their backyard. He had taught her that volleyball was 90 percent mental — that the game was won and lost between the ears. "Pressure is a privilege," he always said. "It means you've earned the right to be in this moment." But tonight, the pressure felt like a weight on her chest. Her team had been down two sets to none, then fought back to tie the match. Now, one point from victory, Emma's hands were shaking. She could see the opposing team's blockers, tall and intimidating, waiting at the net. Her coach called a timeout. As the team huddled, Emma tried to focus, but her mind kept flashing back to last year's championship. She had made a bad set in the final point, and her team had lost. The memory was sharp and painful. "Emma," her coach said, looking directly at her. "You're the best setter I've ever coached. Trust your training. Trust your team." Emma nodded, but she wasn't sure she believed him. As the timeout ended, she looked up into the stands and saw her father. He didn't shout or gesture wildly. He simply held up two fingers — their secret signal for "two hands, one ball." It meant: focus on the basics, do what you've done a thousand times. The referee blew the whistle. Emma walked to the service line to receive the ball. Her heart was pounding. She took a deep breath, just as her father had taught her. The ball came to her — a perfect pass from her libero. This was it. The championship point. Emma's hands moved automatically, setting the ball high into the air for her hitter. But as she did, she saw the opposing middle blocker moving early — she was going to block the set Emma had just delivered. Time seemed to slow down. Emma had a split second to decide: call for the set back, or trust her hitter to push through. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答 Emma didn't hesitate._______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The gymnasium erupted._____________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案与解析 第一部分 阅读 第一节 阅读理解 解析： 1. B 细节理解。根据Morning Yoga条目"Improve flexibility and reduce stress. Suitable for beginners."可知瑜伽适合初学者且能提升柔韧性。A项HIIT不推荐初学者，C项Zumba是舞蹈有氧，D项游泳未明确针对柔韧性和初学者。 2. B 细节理解。根据Adult Beginner Lessons条目"Register at the front desk"可知需在前台注册周六课程。A项无依据，C项无关，D项是慈善跑的截止日期。 3. C 细节理解。根据Special Event部分"all proceeds go to the local hospital"可知筹款用于当地医院。A项错误（仅10月5日一次），B项未要求会员身份，D项数字偷换（10人是游泳课限额）。 4. B 细节理解。根据第二段医生的话"If you don't make changes, you won't see your daughter graduate"可知是医生的健康警告促使他开始锻炼。A项女儿是后续动力而非起因，C、D项原文未提及。 5. C 推理判断。根据第四段"The first month was brutal. His knees ached, his lungs burned... He wanted to quit a hundred times. But... he did it again"可推断第一个月身体上很艰难但他坚持了。A项与原文相反，B项未提及快速减重，D项与原文"gradually... joined a local running group"矛盾（后来才加入）。 6. C 细节理解。根据第四段"each evening, Lily would ask, 'Daddy, did you go for your walk today?' and he couldn't say no"可知女儿每天的询问是他坚持的动力。A项未提及，B项是后来的事，D项他参加马拉松不在乎成绩。 7. C 主旨大意。全文通过Tom的故事传达坚持和自我照顾可以改变人生的道理。A项过于绝对且范围过窄，B项以偏概全，D项"cure"夸大（运动改善健康而非治愈疾病）。 8. B 细节理解。根据第二段"Participants who engaged in at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week showed a 32 percent lower risk of cognitive decline"可知每周150分钟适度运动降低认知衰退风险。A项"completely prevent"过于绝对，C项与原文相反，D项与原文"greater volume in the hippocampus"矛盾。 9. B 词义猜测。根据上下文，与每周运动150分钟的人对比，sedentary individuals指久坐不动的人。A项方向相反，C、D项不符合语境。 10. C 细节理解。根据第三段"a protein called BDNF... It helps neurons grow, connect, and survive"可知BDNF是帮助神经元生长连接的蛋白质。A项偷换概念，B项是海马体的功能，D项BDNF不是压力荷尔蒙。 11. C 推理判断。最后两段讲运动对心理健康的益处以及任何年龄开始都有效，结合前文可推断适度、坚持的运动对身心都有益。A项"replace all"过于绝对，B项与原文相反，D项曲解（高强度只是对大脑益处不显著，并非有害）。 12. B 细节理解。根据第二段"The first group received training in motivational self-talk — repeating phrases like 'I can do this'"可知第一组重复鼓励性话语。A项是第二组的做法，C项是对照组，D项原文未提及。 13. C 推理判断。根据第五段"Using 'you' creates a psychological distance, as if you're receiving advice from a supportive coach"可知第二人称自我对话创造一种获得外部支持的感觉。A项与原文相反，B项曲解（减少情绪强度而非增加），D项张冠李戴（指令型自我对话适用于技巧型活动）。 14. B 推理判断。根据第三段，动机型组提升4.2%，指令型组提升2.8%，对照组无显著提升，可推断两种自我对话都改善了跑步成绩。A项明显错误，C项与原文相反，D项与数据相反（动机型提升更多）。 15. A 作者态度。根据倒数第二段"if self-talk can improve physical performance, it may also help students manage exam anxiety..."可知研究者对自我对话在运动之外的应用持乐观态度。 第二节 七选五 解析： 16. D 前文说初学者最大错误是一开始跑太快太远，D项"这种方法让锻炼可控并降低受伤风险"中"This approach"指代后文的走跑间歇法，承上启下。F项为干扰项（说初学者因太用力而放弃），但与后文具体方法衔接不如D。 17. A 本段讲选对鞋子，A项"去专业跑步店做合适的试穿"是具体建议，承接前文。后文"每500-600公里更换"也是关于鞋子的建议。 18. B 前文说重要的是规律出现而非速度，后文说身体需要时间适应，B项"你的肺和腿需要时间建立耐力"解释了为什么不能急，逻辑衔接。 19. E 本段讲让跑步变得愉快，前文建议在公园跑、听音乐，E项"选择你觉得愉快甚至美丽的路线"与前文并列，都是让跑步愉快的方法。C项为干扰项（听音乐提升表现），但本段主题是"enjoyable"而非"performance"。 20. G 前文说如果疼就停下，G项"休息一两天，如果疼痛持续就去看医生"顺承前文，给出具体处理方式。 第二部分 语言运用 第一节 完形填空 解析： 21. A changed 改变。Maya以前从不运动，但今年有什么改变了——爷爷生病并给了她手表。disappeared（消失）、remained（保持）、returned（返回）不符合语境。 22. B run 跑。爷爷希望她为自己跑这场比赛。win（赢）过于绝对，organize（组织）、watch（观看）不符合爷爷作为前长跑运动员的期望。 23. C continue 继续。一开始她只能继续跑五分钟，腿就像灌了铅。walk（走）、rest（休息）、pause（暂停）不符合"努力跑"的语境。 24. A quit 放弃。她想放弃，但看到手表就想起爷爷的微笑。cry（哭）、laugh（笑）、shout（喊）不如quit准确体现想要放弃的心理。 25. B starting 开始。Jake说她一开始跑得太快，然后就筋疲力尽了。growing（成长）、finishing（完成）、practicing（练习）不符合"起跑太快"的问题。 26. B created 创建。他们一起创建了一个训练计划。abandoned（放弃）方向相反，followed（遵循）、improved（改善）不符合"从无到有制定计划"的语境。 27. C painful 痛苦的。第一周很痛苦，肌肉酸痛。exciting（令人兴奋的）、rewarding（有回报的）方向不符，boring（无聊的）不如painful准确。 28. A immediate 立即的。进步不是立竿见影的，而是微小的、几乎看不见的步骤。necessary（必要的）、important（重要的）、possible（可能的）不符合"进步缓慢"的语境。 29. B nervous 紧张的。起跑线挤满了最快的选手，Maya感到紧张。confident（自信的）方向相反，proud（骄傲的）、disappointed（失望的）不符合赛前心理。 30. D However 然而。几个选手超过了她，然而她不在乎名次，只在乎完赛。表转折。Therefore（因此）表因果，Moreover（此外）表递进，Instead（相反）不符合逻辑。 31. A waving 挥手。爷爷从轮椅上虚弱地挥手。shouting（喊）与weakly矛盾，crying（哭）、standing（站）与wheelchair不符。 32. C pushed 推，奋力向前。她奋力向前冲。backed（后退）方向相反，fell（摔倒）、looked（看）不符合"冲刺"的动作。 33. D proud 骄傲的。爷爷说"我为你骄傲"。afraid（害怕的）、tired（累的）、ashamed（羞愧的）均不符合爷爷看到孙女完赛的心情。 34. C keeping going 继续前进。勇气不是最快，而是身体让你停下时继续前进。giving up（放弃）、slowing down（减速）、turning back（返回）方向相反。 35. A alive 活着的，有活力的。她喜欢心跳加速、肺在工作的感觉——真正活着的感觉。successful（成功的）、intelligent（聪明的）、beautiful（美丽的）不如alive贴合运动带来的生命感。 第二节 语法填空 解析： 36. Practiced 太极被全世界数百万人练习，此处为过去分词作状语，表示被动。注意首字母大写。 37. which 非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个主句（太极对关节温和），关系词用which，不可用that。 38. published 过去分词作后置定语，修饰study，表示"被发表的研究"。 39. shows / has shown 研究表明……。主语research为不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数。可用一般现在时或现在完成时。 40. which 非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子（缓慢受控的动作需要专注），用which引导。 41. be done 太极不需要特殊设备，可以在任何地方进行。it与do之间为被动关系，情态动词can后用be done。 42. Although / Though / While 让步状语从句：虽然动作看起来简单，但保持正确姿势需要大量核心力量。 43. trying 介词in后接动名词形式。 44. more important 后面有than，需用形容词比较级。important为多音节词，比较级加more。 45. difference 固定搭配make a difference，表示"有影响，起作用"。different为形容词，此处需名词形式。 第三部分 写作 第一节 应用文写作（参考范文） Dear Peter, I'm sorry to hear that you've been feeling unwell due to lack of exercise. It's easy to fall into a sedentary lifestyle, but small changes can make a big difference. Here are two practical suggestions. First, start with 20 minutes of brisk walking every day — it's gentle on the body and requires no special equipment. Second, find a sport you genuinely enjoy, whether it's swimming, cycling, or even dancing. Exercise doesn't have to be a chore. Remember, consistency matters more than intensity. Start small and build up gradually. I'm sure you'll feel more energetic soon. Yours, Li Hua 评分要点： - 内容完整：表达关心（√）、两条具体建议（√）、鼓励坚持（√） - 格式正确：书信格式 - 语言地道：sedentary lifestyle, brisk walking, consistency matters more than intensity - 衔接自然：First, Second 使条理清晰 第二节 读后续写（参考范文） Emma didn't hesitate. She quickly adjusted her position and called a quick set to her outside hitter instead — a play they had practiced hundreds of times. The ball left her fingertips with perfect precision, arcing low and fast toward the left side of the court. Her hitter, Mia, jumped at exactly the right moment, her arm swinging through the air. The opposing blocker, caught off guard by the unexpected set, was too slow to recover. The ball slammed into the floor on the other side of the net, just inside the boundary line. The gymnasium erupted. Emma's teammates swarmed her, screaming and jumping in celebration. She stood in the middle of the chaos, tears of relief streaming down her face. She looked up at the stands, where her father was standing, clapping slowly with that proud smile she knew so well. He held up two fingers again — "two hands, one ball" — and Emma laughed through her tears. She had faced her fear, trusted her training, and delivered when it mattered most. The championship trophy was nice, but Emma knew the real victory was the one inside her: she had conquered the pressure that had once defeated her. 评分要点： - 与原文衔接自然，情节合理 - 第一段：Emma临场变阵，传出快球，扣球手得分 - 第二段：庆祝场面，与父亲呼应，心理成长升华 - 情感线索完整：紧张→果断→释然→成长 - 语言丰富：precision, arcing, caught off guard, slammed, swarmed, conquered - 结尾呼应前文"pressure is a privilege"及父亲的教导，主题升华 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $