专题02 Units 3～4（语法综合练）英语新教材沪教版（五四学制）八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦动词不定式与让步状语从句，以“语法知识结构化梳理+多题型应用训练”构建专项突破体系，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法知识梳理|动词不定式9类用法（含固定句式）、让步状语从句2类连接词（配典型例句）|提炼不定式句法功能结构（如It’s+adj.+to do sth.）、省to固定搭配及从句连接词使用规则|从构成到句法功能（主/宾/定/状）再到固定句式，形成“概念-应用”逻辑链| |题型应用训练|单选30题、单词拼写10题、语法选择20题、阅读2篇|针对中考高频考点（如不定式作宾补/状语、从句连接词辨析）设计梯度训练|通过不同题型强化语法规则在语境中的灵活运用，提升语言理解与表达能力|

专题02 Units 3~4（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 考点一 ：动词不定式 构成 肯定：(to)+动词原形，to 为不定式符号，本身无词义 否定：not (to)+动词原形 形式主语 It’s +adj.+(for/of) sb. to do sth. It’s useful to learn English. It’s kind of you to help me. 宾 语 及物动词后 decide/expect/want/agree... I have decided to study Japanese. 形式宾语 find/think it +adj.+to do sth. He finds it easy to speak English every day. 省 to Why not do...? Why don’t you do...? had better do... would rather do... please do... Why not go to the park? Why don’t you go to the park? You’d better stay here. I’d rather stay at home. Please sit down. 宾 补 宾补 tell/ask/allow...sb to do He asks me to carry the box. 省 to feel//hear/listen to/let/make/have/ look at/see/watch/notice Let’s go. He makes me clean the room. 定语（后置） 起形容词的作用 He was the first to come to the room. 修饰 something/anything... Have you got something to drink? 状语 放在不及物动词后表目的 放在某些形容词后 He went to America to learn English. I’m glad to see you again. 疑问词+不定式 who/what/which/when...+to do Can you tell me how to get there? 不定式的否定 not/never+不定式 The teacher asks us not to swim in the river. 固定句式 too...to... He is too young to dress himself. enough to... He is old enough to go to school. It’s one’s turn to do sth. It’s my turn to clean the classroom. It takes sb. st. to do sth. It takes me two hours to finish the work. 让步状语从句 though/ although 虽然；尽管 两者通常可互换使用，不与 but 连用 Though/ Although he was ill, he still went to school. even if/ even though 即使 两者通常可互换 Even if/ though you say so, I don’t believe it. 一、单项选择 1．These good friends always offer ________ me in daily life. A．help B．helping C．to help 2．—I promise ________ every day. —Good. Remember, don’t give up halfway if you make a promise. A．exercise B．exercising C．exercised D．to exercise 3．In the Ming Dynasty, only rich people could afford ________ meat every day. A．eat B．to eat C．eating 4．Most of the children expect ________ the new movie Zootopia. A．see B．to see C．saw D．seeing 5．It doesn’t matter. Don’t forget ________ it here this afternoon. A． to take B．bringing C． to bring 6．Our teacher often advises us ________ more books in our spare time. A．read B．reading C．to read 7．My mother told me ________ in the street, it’s too dangerous. A．not play B．to not play C．doesn’t play D．not to play 8．— Do you like talk shows? — Yes. It always makes people ________. A．laughed B．laugh C．laughing D．to laugh 9．The coach expects all players ________ hard for the coming match. A．to train B．train C．training D．trained 10．— The spirit of never giving up can always make our dreams ________ at last. — You’re right. Nothing is more important than it. A．came true B．be come true C．come true 11．The new year is coming. Teachers encourage us ________ new hobbies. A．develop B．developing C．to develop 12．My parents are strict with me and they don’t allow me ________ out late on school nights. A．stay B．staying C．to stay D．stayed 13．My mother often asks me ________ my room. A．clean B．cleans C．to clean D．cleaning 14．My parents often remind me ________ attention to traffic rules when I go out. A．pay B．to pay C．paying D．paid 15．________ communication easier and faster, engineers in that company have designed a kind of smartwatch. A．Make B．Making C．To make D．Made 16．In China, family members get together ________ the Mid-Autumn Festival. A．celebrate B．celebrating C．celebrated D．to celebrate 17．Some girls come here ________ nice photos and taste litchis. A．take B．taking C．to take 18．—We should do what we can _________ our friends when they are in trouble. —I agree. Friends should help each other. A．to support B．support C．supporting 19．The government is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A．to protect B．protects C．protect 20．________ medals at the Olympics, athletes need to practice hard every day. A．To win B．Win C．Winning 21．Tom won’t give up his hobby ________ it takes him a lot of time. A．because B．although C．so D．but 22．________ it rains heavily, we still need to go to school on time. A．If B．When C．Although D．Because 23．________ he has a lot of money, he is not happy at all. A．Because B．If C．Although D．Since 24．________ we have known much about the ancient culture, there are still many mysteries waiting to be solved. A．If B．Because C．Although D．Unless 25．________ he had a bad cold, it didn’t stop him from going to school. A．Unless B．Although C．Because D．If 26．—Many students think AI can help with their study. —I don’t agree. ________ AI develops fast, we still need to learn to think. A．If B．Though C．Until D．Because 27．—How was your trip to the West Lake, Hangzhou? —Fantastic! ________ it was rainy all the time, ________ the lake was more beautiful than usual. A．Although; but B．Because; so C．Although; / D．Unless; / 28．________ he is young, he knows a lot. A．Although B．But C．If D．Because 29．________ Sun Yingsha is young, she has rich competition experience. A．Though B．So C．But D．Because 30．—The passage is quite hard to understand, isn’t it? —Yes. ________ it’s very short and there are no new words in it. A．So B．And C．Though D．Because 二、单词拼写 31．The ring is too expensive. I can’t afford ________ (pay) for it. 32．Su Yiming expected ________ (win) a gold medal when he was 10 years old. 33．If we volunteer ________ small things around us, we will make a difference to our community. (do) 34．Each of us decides ________ (try) our best to protect the environment in daily life. 35．Filled with excitement, I couldn’t wait ________ (record) the natural beauty with my camera. 36．The sign warns people not ________ (swim) in the river. 37．My parents tell me ________ good use of time every day. (make) 38．________ (finish) the work on time, we need to start right now. 39．All the teenagers should try their best ________ (realize) their dreams. 40．We plan to set off early ________ (clean) the riverside park near our community. 三、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 It was quite a snowy Saturday in the 1980s. I just carried lots of wood into the house, and my 41 were wet. I sat at the kitchen table near the warm stove, eating a cheese sandwich and hoping to dry my shoes. Behind me, Mom was washing dishes while dinner cooked 42 . The smell of beans filled the air-it was wonderful! At the same time, my brother 43 a TV show about rich people showing off their cars, boats, and houses. One house looked like 44 castle, but to me it seemed cold and empty. I looked around 45 own small home. It felt warm, cozy, and full of love. At that moment, I felt even 46 than the man on TV. I had everything that really mattered. I once read a saying: “You will never have enough money 47 money is all you have.” It made me think 48 that day long ago. Money can buy many things, but not the most important ones: family, friends, or true happiness. I prefer 49 in a small home full of love rather than have a lonely big house. Life is short — 50 not enough time in life to chase the wrong things. Instead, fill your life with love and kindness. 41．A．shoe B．shoes C．shoes’ 42．A．slow B．slowly C．slowness 43．A．watches B．watched C．was watching 44．A．a B．the C．/ 45．A．we B．us C．our 46．A．rich B．richer C．richest 47．A．if B．until C．though 48．A．at B．of C．with 49．A．lived B．living C．to live 50．A．there is B．it is C．they are 选择最恰当的答案。 In Wuhan, people 51 flowers have been lining up at the general building of the 719 Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Group to pay their respects to Huang Xuhua. Born in 1926, in Shanwei, Guangdong Province, Huang grew up in the shadow (影子) of war. When he was a little boy, he was curious about science. He said that curiosity is his best teacher. In 1945, he entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University 52 shipbuilding, hoping to use his knowledge to protect the country. After 53 in 1949, Huang joined the nation’s shipbuilding industry. The top-secret nature of the project meant Huang could not visit his mother for three 54 . When he finally visited her in the late 1980s, she was in 55 90s. And his father passed away. “I believe loyalty (忠诚) to the country is the greatest form of filial piety (孝心) 56 my parents,” Huang said in a TV program. During his life, Huang earned awards for his hard work, 57 the National Moral Model, Medal of the Republic, and State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award. He became an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering 58 1994. While some media called him the “father of China’s nuclear submarines (核潜艇)”, Huang 59 this title, saying, “China’s nuclear submarines were the result of collective (共同的) effort. I was doing 60 duty.” “We are sorry for his passing, and it is a great loss. We must tell our children about Huang’s story, helping them appreciate history and inspiring them to fight for the nation,” said a Wuhan resident who came to mourn Huang with his son and grandson. 51．A．carry B．carried C．carrying 52．A．study B．to study C．studying 53．A．graduate B．graduated C．graduating 54．A．decade B．decades C．decades-old 55．A．her B．hers C．she 56．A．in B．to C．with 57．A．include B．included C．including 58．A．in B．on C．at 59．A．reject B．rejects C．rejected 60．A．me B．my C．mine 四、阅读理解 In the past you could draw anything you wanted on a computer screen and then print it out on a piece of paper—a flat piece of paper. But imagine being able to print something that is three-dimensional—3D．Would you like to design an object, such as a cup or a toy, and then “print” it out? Well, there is the technology to help you do this—to produce even a whole house! 3D printers might be the size of a suitcase or even a small room, depending on the object they are made to produce. You make a 3D design on your computer and send it to the printer. Inside the machine, the object you have designed is made as one object. So how is this being used? In medicine, 3D printing is often used to make teeth. The dentist takes a 3D image, something like a photo of the real tooth and a new one is printed in that exact shape. Then you might also want to print a mobile phone cover or a special pair of shoes. Scientists are taking this even further. They have made a bicycle that just needs a chain and two tires (轮胎). Car parts have been made for a while, and now they are even making a body of a whole car! But imagine how printing a whole house might help people build houses. A Chinese company has made houses using a giant 3D printer. They use a mixture that includes concrete (混凝土) and recycled building waste. This is a good thing, as it helps the environment. They believe that their method of printing houses is cheaper, faster, less dusty and less noisy than the ordinary way that houses are built. It seems that 3D printing technology will change our world, and China is leading the way. 61．3D________ enables you to “print” out many objects you design on your computer. A．screen B．product C．paper D．technology 62．The size of a 3D printer might be________ according to the object they design. A．changeable B．always small C．seldom big D．the same 63．In medicine, 3D printing is often used to print________ in the exact shapes. A．dentists B．teeth C．photos D．mobile phone covers 64．Scientists are taking this even further. Here “this” probably refers to “________”. A．a pair of shoes B．the printing C．a new bicycle D．a whole car 65．Which of the following can be the best title for this passage? A．Use the 3D printing technology to build houses. B．China is now ready to produce 3D printers. C．The 3D technology will change our world. D．3D printing technology protects the environment. My father was Chief Engineer of a business ship, which was sunk in World War II. The book Night of the U-boats told the story. Memories In September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father’s ship was getting ready to sail. We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe. Then I remember my mother lying face down, crying. She had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo (鱼雷). I can remember the arrival of the telegram (电报), which in those days always brought bad news. My grandmother opened it. It read, “Safe. Love Ted.” My most clear memory is being woken and brought down to sit on my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage (绑带). He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes. Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s. Ten years later I read Night of the U-boats and was able to complete the story. Torpedo One torpedo struck the ship. Father was in the engine room, where the third engineer was killed. He shut down the engines to slow the ship making it easier for it to be given up. By the time he got on deck (甲板) he was alone. Every lifeboat was gone except one which had stuck strongly. When he tried to cut it free, it moved against the ship, hurting his hand and arm. He had no choice but to jump - still with the photograph in his pocket. Three days later, he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow. All 23 with him signed the back of the photograph. In my room is the book and the photograph. Often, glass in hand, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion (爆炸), a sinking ship, a jump into a huge ocean and a wait for rescue? I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war for fear that we may forget. 66．We can guess that the mother and children went to Swansea to __________. A．see the father off B．meet a friend C．take a family photo D．enjoy the sailing of the ship 67．What did the writer learn about the father from the telegram? A．He had arrived in Glasgow. B．His knee was broken. C．His ship had been sunk. D．He was still alive. 68．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to the father’s __________. A．taking a shore job B．weak heart C．failure to return to sea D．hurt caused by a torpedo 69．The underlined word “survivors” in paragraph 2 from the bottom means ___________. A．船员 B．幸存者 C．商船 D．战士 70．What is the passage mainly about? A．A group of forgotten heroes. B．A book describing a frightening battle. C．A ship engineer’s wartime experience. D．A businessman's memories of a sea rescue. 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units 3~4（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 考点一 ：动词不定式 构成 肯定：(to)+动词原形，to 为不定式符号，本身无词义 否定：not (to)+动词原形 形式主语 It’s +adj.+(for/of) sb. to do sth. It’s useful to learn English. It’s kind of you to help me. 宾 语 及物动词后 decide/expect/want/agree... I have decided to study Japanese. 形式宾语 find/think it +adj.+to do sth. He finds it easy to speak English every day. 省 to Why not do...? Why don’t you do...? had better do... would rather do... please do... Why not go to the park? Why don’t you go to the park? You’d better stay here. I’d rather stay at home. Please sit down. 宾 补 宾补 tell/ask/allow...sb to do He asks me to carry the box. 省 to feel//hear/listen to/let/make/have/ look at/see/watch/notice Let’s go. He makes me clean the room. 定语（后置） 起形容词的作用 He was the first to come to the room. 修饰 something/anything... Have you got something to drink? 状语 放在不及物动词后表目的 放在某些形容词后 He went to America to learn English. I’m glad to see you again. 疑问词+不定式 who/what/which/when...+to do Can you tell me how to get there? 不定式的否定 not/never+不定式 The teacher asks us not to swim in the river. 固定句式 too...to... He is too young to dress himself. enough to... He is old enough to go to school. It’s one’s turn to do sth. It’s my turn to clean the classroom. It takes sb. st. to do sth. It takes me two hours to finish the work. 让步状语从句 though/ although 虽然；尽管 两者通常可互换使用，不与 but 连用 Though/ Although he was ill, he still went to school. even if/ even though 即使 两者通常可互换 Even if/ though you say so, I don’t believe it. 一、单项选择 1．These good friends always offer ________ me in daily life. A．help B．helping C．to help 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些好朋友总是在日常生活中主动提出帮助我。 固定搭配offer to do sth.意为“主动提出做某事”，offer后接动词不定式作宾语。应填to help。 2．—I promise ________ every day. —Good. Remember, don’t give up halfway if you make a promise. A．exercise B．exercising C．exercised D．to exercise 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我承诺每天锻炼。——很好。记住，如果你做出了承诺，就不要半途而废。 exercise锻炼，动词原形；exercising锻炼，动名词；exercised锻炼，过去式；to exercise锻炼，动词不定式。“promise to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“承诺做某事”，由此可知，“promise”后接动词不定式。应填to exercise。 3．In the Ming Dynasty, only rich people could afford ________ meat every day. A．eat B．to eat C．eating 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在明朝，只有富人才能负担得起每天吃肉。 固定搭配afford to do sth.意为“负担得起做某事”，afford后接动词不定式作宾语。 4．Most of the children expect ________ the new movie Zootopia. A．see B．to see C．saw D．seeing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：大多数孩子都期待观看新电影《疯狂动物城》。 see动词原形；to see动词不定式；saw过去式；seeing动名词/现在分词。本题考查固定搭配expect to do sth.，意为“期待做某事”，其后需接动词不定式作宾语。故选to see。 5．It doesn’t matter. Don’t forget ________ it here this afternoon. A． to take B．bringing C． to bring 【答案】C 【详解】句意：没关系。别忘了今天下午把它带来这儿。 bring带来；take带走。forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事（动作未发生）”是固定搭配，此处表示“还没有带来”，因此动作还没有发生，应填to bring。 6．Our teacher often advises us ________ more books in our spare time. A．read B．reading C．to read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的老师经常建议我们在业余时间多读书。 根据固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”，可知空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 7．My mother told me ________ in the street, it’s too dangerous. A．not play B．to not play C．doesn’t play D．not to play 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我妈妈告诉我不要在街上玩耍，太危险了。 tell sb. not to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，动词不定式的否定形式是在to前加not，即not to play。 8．— Do you like talk shows? — Yes. It always makes people ________. A．laughed B．laugh C．laughing D．to laugh 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你喜欢脱口秀吗？——是的。它总是让人们大笑。 固定搭配make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，make后接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 9．The coach expects all players ________ hard for the coming match. A．to train B．train C．training D．trained 【答案】A 【详解】句意：教练期望所有球员为即将到来的比赛努力训练。 根据固定搭配expect sb. to do sth.“期望某人做某事”可知，空格处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。应填to train。 10．— The spirit of never giving up can always make our dreams ________ at last. — You’re right. Nothing is more important than it. A．came true B．be come true C．come true 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——永不放弃的精神总是能最终让我们的梦想实现。——你是对的。没有什么比它更重要。make为使役动词，常用结构为make sb./sth. do sth.，意为“使某人/某物做某事”，后接动词原形作宾语补足语。come true意为“实现”，此处应用动词原形。故选come true。 11．The new year is coming. Teachers encourage us ________ new hobbies. A．develop B．developing C．to develop 【答案】C 【详解】句意：新年就要来了。老师鼓励我们培养新的爱好。 固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，应使用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 12．My parents are strict with me and they don’t allow me ________ out late on school nights. A．stay B．staying C．to stay D．stayed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的父母对我很严格，他们不允许我在上学的晚上待在外面很晚。 根据“allow me”可知，allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，因此此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。应填to stay。 13．My mother often asks me ________ my room. A．clean B．cleans C．to clean D．cleaning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常让我打扫我的房间。 固定搭配“ask sb. to do sth.”意为“让某人做某事”，后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，to clean符合语境。 14．My parents often remind me ________ attention to traffic rules when I go out. A．pay B．to pay C．paying D．paid 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的父母经常提醒我外出时注意交通规则。 根据“remind me…attention to…”可知，该句考查动词短语“remind sb. to do sth.”，意为“提醒某人做某事”，则空处应用其动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填to pay。 15．________ communication easier and faster, engineers in that company have designed a kind of smartwatch. A．Make B．Making C．To make D．Made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了使交流更便捷、更快速，那家公司的工程师设计了一种智能手表。 根据“engineers in that company have designed a kind of smartwatch”可知，工程师设计智能手表的目的是使交流更便捷、更快速；因此应用动词不定式结构表示目的，即To make。 16．In China, family members get together ________ the Mid-Autumn Festival. A．celebrate B．celebrating C．celebrated D．to celebrate 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在中国，家人聚在一起庆祝中秋节。 聚在一起的目的是庆祝中秋节，用动词不定式形式作目的状语，应填to celebrate。 17．Some girls come here ________ nice photos and taste litchis. A．take B．taking C．to take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一些女孩来这里是为了拍好看的照片和品尝荔枝。 根据题干“come here...nice photos”可知，来这里的目的是为了拍照，动词不定式作目的状语，应填to take。 18．—We should do what we can _________ our friends when they are in trouble. —I agree. Friends should help each other. A．to support B．support C．supporting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们应该尽我们所能去支持陷入困境的朋友。——我同意。朋友应该互相帮助。 固定用法do what one can to do sth.意为“尽某人所能去做某事”，此处动词不定式to support作目的状语，表示行动的目的。应填to support。 19．The government is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A．to protect B．protects C．protect 【答案】A 【详解】句意：政府正在制定保护古建筑的新计划。 根据题干“developing new plans”可知，制定计划的目的是“为了”保护古建筑，应用动词不定式作目的状语，应填to protect。 20．________ medals at the Olympics, athletes need to practice hard every day. A．To win B．Win C．Winning 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了在奥运会上赢得奖牌，运动员们需要每天努力训练。 根据“athletes need to practice hard every day”可知，前半部分表示目的，动词不定式置于句首作目的状语。To win符合语境。 21．Tom won’t give up his hobby ________ it takes him a lot of time. A．because B．although C．so D．but 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆不会放弃他的爱好，尽管它花费他很多时间。 because因为；although虽然，尽管；so所以；but但是。根据“Tom won’t give up his hobby”与“it takes him a lot of time”可知，前后分句之间存在让步关系，表示虽然花费时间多，但不会放弃，用although引导让步状语从句。 22．________ it rains heavily, we still need to go to school on time. A．If B．When C．Although D．Because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管雨下得很大，我们仍然需要按时去上学。 If如果；When当……时候；Although尽管；Because因为。根据后半句中的“still”可知，前后分句之间存在让步转折关系，表示“尽管雨下得很大，仍然需要按时去上学”，Although符合语境。 23．________ he has a lot of money, he is not happy at all. A．Because B．If C．Although D．Since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管他有很多钱，但他一点儿也不快乐。 Because因为；If如果；Although尽管；Since自从或既然。“he has a lot of money”和“he is not happy at all”之间存在转折关系，表示“尽管……但是……”，应用although引导让步状语从句。句首单词的首字母要大写。应填Although。 24．________ we have known much about the ancient culture, there are still many mysteries waiting to be solved. A．If B．Because C．Although D．Unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管我们已经了解了很多关于古代文化的知识，但仍有许多谜团等待解开。 If如果；Because因为；Although虽然；Unless除非。根据后半句“there are still many mysteries waiting to be solved”中的“still”可知，前后句之间存在让步关系，即“虽然了解很多，但仍有谜团”。Although引导让步状语从句，符合语境。 25．________ he had a bad cold, it didn’t stop him from going to school. A．Unless B．Although C．Because D．If 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然他得了重感冒，但这并不能阻止他上学。 Unless除非；Although尽管；Because因为；If如果。根据“he had a bad cold”与“it didn’t stop him from going to school”可知，前后句意存在让步转折关系，用Although引导让步状语从句，应填Although。 26．—Many students think AI can help with their study. —I don’t agree. ________ AI develops fast, we still need to learn to think. A．If B．Though C．Until D．Because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——许多学生认为人工智能能帮助他们学习。——我不同意。尽管人工智能发展很快，我们仍然需要学会思考。 If如果；Though尽管；Until直到；Because因为。根据前句“I don’t agree”可知，后句表达的是一种让步关系，意为“尽管人工智能发展迅速，我们仍需学会思考”，应填Though引导让步状语从句。 27．—How was your trip to the West Lake, Hangzhou? —Fantastic! ________ it was rainy all the time, ________ the lake was more beautiful than usual. A．Although; but B．Because; so C．Although; / D．Unless; / 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的杭州西湖之旅怎么样？——太棒了！虽然一直在下雨，但湖比平时更美。    Although虽然；Because因为；Unless除非。根据句意可知，前半句“一直在下雨”与后半句“湖比平时更美”之间存在让步关系，应使用Although引导让步状语从句。需要注意的是，英语中Although与but不能同时出现，所以排除A。Because与so也不能同时使用，排除B。Unless意为“除非”，不符合句意，排除D。因此选C。 28．________ he is young, he knows a lot. A．Although B．But C．If D．Because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管他年轻，但他懂很多。 Although虽然/尽管（引导让步状语从句）；But但是（并列连词，连接并列句）；If如果（引导条件状语从句）；Because因为（引导原因状语从句）。根据题干“he is young”与“he knows a lot”可知，前后是让步转折关系，应用Although引导让步状语从句，应填Although。 29．________ Sun Yingsha is young, she has rich competition experience. A．Though B．So C．But D．Because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然孙颖莎很年轻，但她拥有丰富的比赛经验。 Though虽然；So所以；But但是；Because因为。根据“Sun Yingsha is young”与“she has rich competition experience”可知，“年轻”与“经验丰富”构成让步关系，应用Though引导让步状语从句。 30．—The passage is quite hard to understand, isn’t it? —Yes. ________ it’s very short and there are no new words in it. A．So B．And C．Though D．Because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这篇文章很难理解，不是吗？——是的。尽管它很短，而且里面没有生词。 so所以；and和；though尽管；because因为。根据答句“Yes”可知，说话人同意文章很难理解，但后句又说“it’s very short and there are no new words”（它很短且没有生词），前后构成让步关系，应用though引导让步状语从句。 二、单词拼写 31．The ring is too expensive. I can’t afford ________ (pay) for it. 【答案】to pay 【详解】句意：这枚戒指太贵了。我没钱支付它。句中“afford”表示“负担得起”，其后要接动词不定式作宾语，固定搭配为afford to do sth.，所以pay需要变为不定式形式to pay。 32．Su Yiming expected ________ (win) a gold medal when he was 10 years old. 【答案】to win 【详解】句意：苏翊鸣在10岁时就期望赢得一枚金牌。expect to do sth意思是“期望做某事”，expect后需要接动词不定式作宾语，因此，给的动词win要变成不定式形式to win。 33．If we volunteer ________ small things around us, we will make a difference to our community. (do) 【答案】 to do 【详解】句意：如果我们志愿去做身边的小事，我们就会给社区带来改变。volunteer to do sth.意为“自愿做某事”，其中不定式to do作宾语。 34．Each of us decides ________ (try) our best to protect the environment in daily life. 【答案】to try 【详解】句意：我们每个人都决定在日常生活中尽最大努力保护环境。分析句子结构可知，空格处位于动词“decides”之后，在句中充当宾语。固定搭配“decide to do sth.”，意为“决定做某事”，后需接动词不定式形式。 35．Filled with excitement, I couldn’t wait ________ (record) the natural beauty with my camera. 【答案】to record 【详解】句意：我怀着激动的心情，迫不及待地用相机记录下这美丽的自然风光。句中couldn’t wait是can’t wait的过去式，固定结构can’t wait to do sth. 意为“迫不及待做某事”，此处动词record用不定式形式to record。 36．The sign warns people not ________ (swim) in the river. 【答案】to swim 【详解】句意：这个标识警告人们不要在河里游泳。句中warns为谓语动词，warn sb. not to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“警告某人不要做某事”，提示此处应用动词不定式to swim。 37．My parents tell me ________ good use of time every day. (make) 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：我父母告诉我每天要善用时间。根据“tell me”提示，tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，后接动词不定式作宾语补足语。make的不定式形式是to make，make good use of“善用”。 38．________ (finish) the work on time, we need to start right now. 【答案】To finish 【详解】句意：为了按时完成工作，我们需要现在就开始。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，“finish”的不定式形式为to finish，位于句首，首字母大写，故填To finish。 39．All the teenagers should try their best ________ (realize) their dreams. 【答案】to realize 【详解】句意：所有青少年都应当竭尽全力去实现自己的梦想。try one’s best to do sth.意为“竭尽全力做某事”，句中应使用不定式作目的状语，因此括号内动词realize需要变为不定式to realize。故填to realize。 40．We plan to set off early ________ (clean) the riverside park near our community. 【答案】to clean 【详解】句意：我们计划早点出发去打扫我们社区附近的河滨公园。此处表示早点出发的目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to clean。 三、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 It was quite a snowy Saturday in the 1980s. I just carried lots of wood into the house, and my 41 were wet. I sat at the kitchen table near the warm stove, eating a cheese sandwich and hoping to dry my shoes. Behind me, Mom was washing dishes while dinner cooked 42 . The smell of beans filled the air-it was wonderful! At the same time, my brother 43 a TV show about rich people showing off their cars, boats, and houses. One house looked like 44 castle, but to me it seemed cold and empty. I looked around 45 own small home. It felt warm, cozy, and full of love. At that moment, I felt even 46 than the man on TV. I had everything that really mattered. I once read a saying: “You will never have enough money 47 money is all you have.” It made me think 48 that day long ago. Money can buy many things, but not the most important ones: family, friends, or true happiness. I prefer 49 in a small home full of love rather than have a lonely big house. Life is short — 50 not enough time in life to chase the wrong things. Instead, fill your life with love and kindness. 41．A．shoe B．shoes C．shoes’ 42．A．slow B．slowly C．slowness 43．A．watches B．watched C．was watching 44．A．a B．the C．/ 45．A．we B．us C．our 46．A．rich B．richer C．richest 47．A．if B．until C．though 48．A．at B．of C．with 49．A．lived B．living C．to live 50．A．there is B．it is C．they are 【答案】 41．B 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．C 46．B 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．A 【导语】本文通过作者童年时一个下雪天的家庭场景，对比电视里富人的奢华生活，感悟到充满爱与温暖的小家远比物质财富更幸福，阐明了金钱买不到亲情与真正快乐的道理。 【详解】41．句意：我刚搬了很多木头进屋，我的鞋子湿了。 根据后文“dry my shoes”可知此处用复数。应选用shoes，意为“鞋子”。shoe意为“鞋子（单数）”，shoes’意为“鞋子的（所有格）”，均不符合。 42．句意：妈妈在洗碗，晚饭在慢慢煮着。 修饰动词cooked要用副词。应选用slowly，意为“慢慢地”。slow意为“慢的（形容词）”，slowness意为“缓慢（名词）”，均不符合语法。 43．句意：那时我哥哥正在看一个关于富人炫耀他们的汽车、船只和房子的电视节目。 根据过去具体时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。应选用was watching，意为“正在看”。watches意为“看（一般现在时）”，watched意为“看（一般过去时）”，均不符合。 44．句意：有一座房子看起来像一座城堡，但在我看来，它显得冰冷而空荡。 castle是可数名词单数，且非特指，用a。应选用a，意为“一座”。the意为“这/那（特指）”，/意为“不填”，均不合适。 45．句意：我环顾我们自己的小家。 修饰名词home用形容词性物主代词。应选用our，意为“我们的”。we意为“我们（主格）”，us意为“我们（宾格）”，均不符合。 46．句意：那一刻，我觉得自己比电视里的人更富有。 根据than可知用比较级。应选用richer，意为“更富有的”。rich意为“富有的（原级）”，richest意为“最富有的（最高级）”，均不符合。 47．句意：如果金钱就是你的全部，你永远不会拥有足够的钱。 此处表示条件。应选用if，意为“如果”。until意为“直到”，though意为“虽然”，均不符合逻辑。 48．句意：这让我想起很久以前的那一天。 think of为固定搭配，意为“想起”。应选用of，意为“关于”。at意为“在”，with意为“和”，均不构成搭配。 49．句意：我宁愿住在充满爱的小房子里，也不愿拥有孤独的大房子。 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.为固定搭配。应选用to live，意为“居住”。lived意为“居住（过去式）”，living意为“居住（现在分词）”，均不符合。 50．句意：人生苦短，没有足够的时间去追求错误的东西。 there be句型表示“有”。应选用there is，意为“有”。it is意为“它是”，they are意为“他们是”，均不符合句型。 选择最恰当的答案。 In Wuhan, people 51 flowers have been lining up at the general building of the 719 Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Group to pay their respects to Huang Xuhua. Born in 1926, in Shanwei, Guangdong Province, Huang grew up in the shadow (影子) of war. When he was a little boy, he was curious about science. He said that curiosity is his best teacher. In 1945, he entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University 52 shipbuilding, hoping to use his knowledge to protect the country. After 53 in 1949, Huang joined the nation’s shipbuilding industry. The top-secret nature of the project meant Huang could not visit his mother for three 54 . When he finally visited her in the late 1980s, she was in 55 90s. And his father passed away. “I believe loyalty (忠诚) to the country is the greatest form of filial piety (孝心) 56 my parents,” Huang said in a TV program. During his life, Huang earned awards for his hard work, 57 the National Moral Model, Medal of the Republic, and State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award. He became an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering 58 1994. While some media called him the “father of China’s nuclear submarines (核潜艇)”, Huang 59 this title, saying, “China’s nuclear submarines were the result of collective (共同的) effort. I was doing 60 duty.” “We are sorry for his passing, and it is a great loss. We must tell our children about Huang’s story, helping them appreciate history and inspiring them to fight for the nation,” said a Wuhan resident who came to mourn Huang with his son and grandson. 51．A．carry B．carried C．carrying 52．A．study B．to study C．studying 53．A．graduate B．graduated C．graduating 54．A．decade B．decades C．decades-old 55．A．her B．hers C．she 56．A．in B．to C．with 57．A．include B．included C．including 58．A．in B．on C．at 59．A．reject B．rejects C．rejected 60．A．me B．my C．mine 【答案】 51．C 52．B 53．C 54．B 55．A 56．B 57．C 58．A 59．C 60．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他的求学经历、投身国家造船事业的奉献、所获荣誉及对个人头衔的谦逊态度，同时提及武汉民众自发悼念他的场景，体现其精神对后人的影响。 【详解】51．句意：在武汉，人们手持鲜花在中国船舶重工集团719研究所的综合大楼前排队，向黄旭华致敬。 carry携带，动词原形；carried动词过去式/过去分词；carrying动词现在分词/动名词。根据“have been lining up”可知，句子已有谓语动词，people是主语，与“carry”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词carrying作后置定语，表示“手持鲜花的人”。故选C。 52．句意：1945年，他考入上海交通大学学习造船，希望用自己的知识保卫国家。 study学习，动词原形；to study动词不定式；studying现在分词/动名词。根据“shipbuilding”可知，此处表求学目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。 53．句意：1949年毕业后，黄旭华加入了国家造船行业。 graduate毕业，动词原形；graduated动词过去式/过去分词；graduating动词现在分词/动名词。“after”是介词，后接动词时用动名词作宾语，故选C。 54．句意：该项目的绝密性质意味着黄旭华在30年内不能探望他的母亲。 decade十年，名词单数；decades几十年，名词复数；decades-old几十年历史的，形容词。根据“three”可知，后接可数名词复数，“three decades”意为“三十年”，故选B。 55．句意：20世纪80年代末，当他终于去探望母亲时，她已经90多岁了。 her她的，形容词性物主代词/宾格；hers她的，名词性物主代词；she她，主格。“in one’s + 基数词复数”是固定搭配，表“在某人几十多岁时”，此处指“母亲的90多岁”，用形容词性物主代词her。故选A。 56．句意：黄旭华在一档电视节目中说：“我认为，对国家的忠诚是对父母最大的孝心。” in在……里面；to朝，向；with和。“filial piety to sb.”意为“对某人的孝心”，此处表“对父母的孝心”，用介词to。故选B。 57．句意：一生中，黄旭华因辛勤工作获得了许多奖项，包括全国道德模范、共和国勋章和国家最高科学技术奖。 include包含，动词原形；included动词过去式/过去分词；including包含，介词/动名词。根据“the National Moral Model...”可知，这些是列举奖项，应用including作介词。故选C。 58．句意：1994年，他当选为中国工程院院士。 in后接年/月/季节；on后接具体日期；at后接具体时刻。根据“1994”可知，此处用介词in，故选A。 59．句意：当一些媒体称他为“中国核潜艇之父”，但黄旭华拒绝了这个头衔。 reject拒绝，动词原形；rejects动词三单形式；rejected动词过去式/过去分词。根据“While some media called him the “father of China’s nuclear submarines”可知，此处用过去时态，动词应用过去式，故选C。 60．句意：我只是在尽我的职责。 me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“duty”可知，修饰名词需用形容词性物主代词。故选B。 四、阅读理解 In the past you could draw anything you wanted on a computer screen and then print it out on a piece of paper—a flat piece of paper. But imagine being able to print something that is three-dimensional—3D．Would you like to design an object, such as a cup or a toy, and then “print” it out? Well, there is the technology to help you do this—to produce even a whole house! 3D printers might be the size of a suitcase or even a small room, depending on the object they are made to produce. You make a 3D design on your computer and send it to the printer. Inside the machine, the object you have designed is made as one object. So how is this being used? In medicine, 3D printing is often used to make teeth. The dentist takes a 3D image, something like a photo of the real tooth and a new one is printed in that exact shape. Then you might also want to print a mobile phone cover or a special pair of shoes. Scientists are taking this even further. They have made a bicycle that just needs a chain and two tires (轮胎). Car parts have been made for a while, and now they are even making a body of a whole car! But imagine how printing a whole house might help people build houses. A Chinese company has made houses using a giant 3D printer. They use a mixture that includes concrete (混凝土) and recycled building waste. This is a good thing, as it helps the environment. They believe that their method of printing houses is cheaper, faster, less dusty and less noisy than the ordinary way that houses are built. It seems that 3D printing technology will change our world, and China is leading the way. 61．3D________ enables you to “print” out many objects you design on your computer. A．screen B．product C．paper D．technology 62．The size of a 3D printer might be________ according to the object they design. A．changeable B．always small C．seldom big D．the same 63．In medicine, 3D printing is often used to print________ in the exact shapes. A．dentists B．teeth C．photos D．mobile phone covers 64．Scientists are taking this even further. Here “this” probably refers to “________”. A．a pair of shoes B．the printing C．a new bicycle D．a whole car 65．Which of the following can be the best title for this passage? A．Use the 3D printing technology to build houses. B．China is now ready to produce 3D printers. C．The 3D technology will change our world. D．3D printing technology protects the environment. 【答案】61．D 62．A 63．B 64．B 65．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了3D打印技术，还提到中国在该技术领域的领先地位，指出3D打印技术将改变世界。 【详解】61．细节理解题。根据“Would you like to design an object, such as a cup or a toy, and then ‘print’ it out? Well, there is the technology to help you do this—to produce even a whole house!”以及后文对3D打印技术的介绍可知，是3D打印技术能让人们打印出在电脑上设计的物品，故选D。 62．细节理解题。根据“3D printers might be the size of a suitcase or even a small room, depending on the object they are made to produce.”可知，3D打印机的大小取决于要打印的物品，是可变化的，故选A。 63．细节理解题。根据“In medicine, 3D printing is often used to make teeth. The dentist takes a 3D image, something like a photo of the real tooth and a new one is printed in that exact shape.”可知，在医学领域，3D打印常被用来打印牙齿，且能保证和真实牙齿形状完全一致，故选B。 64．词义猜测题。根据前文“So how is this being used? In medicine... Then you might also want to print a mobile phone cover or a special pair of shoes.”可知，前文一直在介绍3D打印技术的应用，“Scientists are taking this even further.”中“this”指代前文提到的“3D打印技术的应用（即3D打印这件事）”，故选B。 65．最佳标题题。根据“It seems that 3D printing technology will change our world, and China is leading the way.”以及全文对3D打印技术应用的介绍可知，文章核心是3D打印技术将改变世界，最佳标题为“3D打印技术将改变世界”，故选C。 My father was Chief Engineer of a business ship, which was sunk in World War II. The book Night of the U-boats told the story. Memories In September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father’s ship was getting ready to sail. We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe. Then I remember my mother lying face down, crying. She had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo (鱼雷). I can remember the arrival of the telegram (电报), which in those days always brought bad news. My grandmother opened it. It read, “Safe. Love Ted.” My most clear memory is being woken and brought down to sit on my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage (绑带). He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes. Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s. Ten years later I read Night of the U-boats and was able to complete the story. Torpedo One torpedo struck the ship. Father was in the engine room, where the third engineer was killed. He shut down the engines to slow the ship making it easier for it to be given up. By the time he got on deck (甲板) he was alone. Every lifeboat was gone except one which had stuck strongly. When he tried to cut it free, it moved against the ship, hurting his hand and arm. He had no choice but to jump - still with the photograph in his pocket. Three days later, he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow. All 23 with him signed the back of the photograph. In my room is the book and the photograph. Often, glass in hand, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion (爆炸), a sinking ship, a jump into a huge ocean and a wait for rescue? I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war for fear that we may forget. 66．We can guess that the mother and children went to Swansea to __________. A．see the father off B．meet a friend C．take a family photo D．enjoy the sailing of the ship 67．What did the writer learn about the father from the telegram? A．He had arrived in Glasgow. B．His knee was broken. C．His ship had been sunk. D．He was still alive. 68．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to the father’s __________. A．taking a shore job B．weak heart C．failure to return to sea D．hurt caused by a torpedo 69．The underlined word “survivors” in paragraph 2 from the bottom means ___________. A．船员 B．幸存者 C．商船 D．战士 70．What is the passage mainly about? A．A group of forgotten heroes. B．A book describing a frightening battle. C．A ship engineer’s wartime experience. D．A businessman's memories of a sea rescue. 【答案】66．A 67．D 68．B 69．B 70．C 【导语】本文作者主要讲了在第二次世界大战中父亲的表现，讲述了英雄父亲在战争中经历的沉船事件。 【详解】66．推理判断题。根据文中“In September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father's ship was getting ready to sail.”可知，父亲的船只要离开，母亲与孩子们应是去给父亲送行。故选A。 67．细节理解题。根据文中“My grandmother opened it. It read, ‘Safe. Love Ted.’”可知，他父亲还活着。故选D。 68．词句猜测题。根据“For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes.”可知，这里的“it”指代前一句中的“weak heart”。故选B。 69．词句猜测题。根据“Three days later, he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow. ”可知，三天后，他和其他幸存者在格拉斯哥安然无恙。结合选项，这里的“survivors”意为“幸存者”。故选B。 70．主旨大意题。根据“My father was Chief Engineer of a business ship, which was sunk in World War II. The book Night of the Uboats told the story.”以及全文可知，作者主要讲了在第二次世界大战中父亲的表现，讲述了英雄父亲在战争中经历的沉船事件。故选C。 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $