Unit 6 Nurturing nature 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语外研版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦“Nurturing nature”单元，以“基础夯实-综合拔高”为逻辑主线，系统整合词汇、语法与语篇能力训练，助力语言能力与思维品质协同提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |小题夯基|单句语法填空20题、单词拼写10题、完成句子10题|聚焦单元核心词汇（如prefer→preference）、语法（非谓语、时态）及固定搭配（be worth doing）|从词性转换、语法规则到汉译英，构建“词汇-语法-表达”基础能力链| |综合攻坚|语法填空10题、完形填空15题|语篇层面考查语法应用（如冠词、介词）及上下文理解（动物互动场景）|以生态主题为载体，实现“单句-语篇”能力迁移，强化语境中语言运用与逻辑分析能力|

Unit 6 Nurturing nature 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、单句语法填空（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1．He likes to surf the Internet rather than do anything else because playing computer is his (prefer). 2．He told the telephone (operate) that his call was a matter of life and death. 3．Your company produces a new product, which is worth (advertise). 4．Constant (disturb) made me annoyed, especially when I wanted to go to bed. 5．These years, our company has been developing (steady). 6．Something that is (negotiate) can be changed or agreed upon when people discuss it. 7．Her (apply) for a position in the company was declined, which made her very upset. 8．Since nuclear-contaminated water was poured into the sea, how to protect the ecological environment has been among the top (concern). 9．Traffic doesn’t stop (mass) mammals like moose and bears from crossing highways. 10．When (wander) through his neighborhood, Rick Nahmias noticed all the unpicked fruits on the trees and considered how he could make the best of them. 11．The telephone (ring) for almost a minute. Why doesn’t anyone answer it? 12．She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now (prevent) an extinction-level event for humanity. 13．I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with, which makes me (qualify) for the voluntary work. 14．Each candidate (be) interviewed separately. 15．Workers in the nuclear industry need to wear special suits for (radiate) protection. 16．Like in typical families, where boys were (favor) much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do housework. 17．We do our best (advertise) the sale of our products. 18．Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what (wear) when greeting the British students. 19．There exist some potential risks if we overshare.One severe problem is leaking privacy, which may cause (economy) losses. 20．I (remind) my sister twice to buy a bag of salt, but she still forgot. 二、单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 21．Ten years ago, the house was ________ (做广告) for sale at 500,000 yuan. Now it has doubled. 22．Emergency line ________ (操作员) must always stay calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help. 23．I have been ________ (通信) with several experts in the field. 24．Flowers grown in greenhouses possess ________ (脆弱的) petals unable to stand strong winds. 25．After several rounds of interviews, three ________ (候选人) were shortlisted for the manager position. 26．Most of my ________ (薪水) goes on the rent. 27．Parents should respect their children’s _________ (偏爱) when choosing after-school hobbies. 28．The boss made a ______（真诚的）attempt to improve the employees’ working conditions. 29．The news of the _________ (辐射) leak caused widespread public alarm. 30．China is an ancient nation with a long history and a ________ (辉煌的) civilization. 三、完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 31．To travel around the world is ____________________. 周游世界就是为了领略不同的风景，欣赏不同的文化。 32．因为采取了许多有效措施，环境已经被极大地改善了。 Because many effective measures have been taken, the environment ________ ________ ________ a lot. 33．我已经等了一个小时了，可他仍然没有出现。 I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, but he still hasn’t turned up. 34．They ________________ painting and calligraphy. 他们擅长绘画和书法。 35．________________, please sign up at the Students’ Union before July 11th. 如果你对此感兴趣，请在7月11日前到学生会报名。 36．With the leaves changing colors, it won’t be long ________________________. 随着树叶改变颜色，不久就会到冬天了。 37．父母不应该偏爱任何一个孩子。 Parents should not ________________ any one of their children. 38．_____________________, people are becoming increasingly concerned about the environment. 随着旅游业的发展，人们越来越关注环境。 39．________________________________ I didn’t give up. 尽管这个问题很难解决，但我并没有放弃。 40．We are looking forward to _____________________. 我们期待你的参与。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、语法填空（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） （25-26高二下·甘肃天水·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置。 California and seven other states put forward a plan 1 (put) 3.3 million electric and fuel cell (燃料电池) vehicles on the road by 2025 — a goal that seems out 2 reach considering current market trends. The states set a target that 15% of their new-car sales would be zero-emission (零排放) vehicles. Such vehicles include electricity-only cars and hydrogen-powered fuel cell vehicles. Partial-zero-emission vehicles such as plug-in hybrids, 3 run both on gasoline and electricity, also can count towards part of the goal. But zero-emission sales make up only a tiny part of the 15 million to 16 million vehicles sold 4 (annual) in the U.S. The multi-state ZEV action plan 5 (announce) last week and developed as part of a larger agreement to speed the 6 (introduce) of zero emission vehicles to fight greenhouse gas pollution. The plan laid out 7 mass of steps to speed acceptance of the vehicles from average 8 (consumer), such as giving such vehicles access to carpool lanes (共乘车道) and 9 (charge) lower fees on roads and bridges for such cars. “Today, we’re putting a foot on the pedal to get more clean cars on the road,” said California Gov. Jerry Brown. “This is a 10 (reality) measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.” 二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分） （25-26高二下·湖南长沙·期末）My previous home had a stand of woods behind it and many animals in the backyard. That first year, I 1 feeding peanuts to the blue jays (松鸦), then the squirrels. The squirrels had no problem coming up right to me for them. As the months went by, the rabbits saw that I was no 2 and didn’t escape. Slowly they came to 3 me, and by the end of the year they were eating out of my hand. That second year, the rabbits 4 me, and one would even sit up for slices! While I was feeding them, I 5 that a groundhog (土拨鼠) who used to run away was now taking an 6 interest in this food situation. I carefully extended a long carrot, with a keen eye on those teeth, and 7 , there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit, both munching (出声地嚼) on carrots. A few months later, while eating, the groundhog would even turn her back to me. 8 when she was facing away, I reached out and 9 scratched (挠) her back with my finger. She didn’t move. By year three, the rabbits and the groundhog were back. The groundhog 10 didn’t have a problem with me scratching her back, and I got an idea. I’d always 11 , while slicing up carrots, that the end looked like a cap. So one day, just to see how she would react, I gently 12 one on top of the groundhog’s head. Again, not a 13 . The next time, I had my camera ready to record what you see here, one of several dozen such pictures. 14 she had a slice to eat, she never 15 the one on her head. It was a fair trade — I got a pleasure, and she had yet another tasty treat. 1．A．avoided B．started C．cancelled D．suggested 2．A．help B．cheat C．threat D．exception 3．A．trust B．miss C．admire D．appreciate 4．A．feared B．ignored C．discovered D．remembered 5．A．proved B．decided C．noticed D．understood 6．A．extreme B．increasing C．additional D．inspiring 7．A．before long B．long ago C．over and over D．all over again 8．A．Next B．Once C．Soon D．Lately 9．A．carefully B．suddenly C．violently D．patiently 10．A．also B．thus C．just D．still 11．A．thought B．doubted C．admitted D．recognised 12．A．fixed B．placed C．hung D．kept 13．A．tremble B．move C．delay D．hesitation 14．A．Even if B．Ever since C．As far as D．So long as 15．A．welcomed B．required C．bothered D．expected 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Nurturing nature 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、单句语法填空（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1．He likes to surf the Internet rather than do anything else because playing computer is his (prefer). 2．He told the telephone (operate) that his call was a matter of life and death. 3．Your company produces a new product, which is worth (advertise). 4．Constant (disturb) made me annoyed, especially when I wanted to go to bed. 5．These years, our company has been developing (steady). 6．Something that is (negotiate) can be changed or agreed upon when people discuss it. 7．Her (apply) for a position in the company was declined, which made her very upset. 8．Since nuclear-contaminated water was poured into the sea, how to protect the ecological environment has been among the top (concern). 9．Traffic doesn’t stop (mass) mammals like moose and bears from crossing highways. 10．When (wander) through his neighborhood, Rick Nahmias noticed all the unpicked fruits on the trees and considered how he could make the best of them. 11．The telephone (ring) for almost a minute. Why doesn’t anyone answer it? 12．She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now (prevent) an extinction-level event for humanity. 13．I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with, which makes me (qualify) for the voluntary work. 14．Each candidate (be) interviewed separately. 15．Workers in the nuclear industry need to wear special suits for (radiate) protection. 16．Like in typical families, where boys were (favor) much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do housework. 17．We do our best (advertise) the sale of our products. 18．Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what (wear) when greeting the British students. 19．There exist some potential risks if we overshare.One severe problem is leaking privacy, which may cause (economy) losses. 20．I (remind) my sister twice to buy a bag of salt, but she still forgot. 二、单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 21．Ten years ago, the house was ________ (做广告) for sale at 500,000 yuan. Now it has doubled. 22．Emergency line ________ (操作员) must always stay calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help. 23．I have been ________ (通信) with several experts in the field. 24．Flowers grown in greenhouses possess ________ (脆弱的) petals unable to stand strong winds. 25．After several rounds of interviews, three ________ (候选人) were shortlisted for the manager position. 26．Most of my ________ (薪水) goes on the rent. 27．Parents should respect their children’s _________ (偏爱) when choosing after-school hobbies. 28．The boss made a ______（真诚的）attempt to improve the employees’ working conditions. 29．The news of the _________ (辐射) leak caused widespread public alarm. 30．China is an ancient nation with a long history and a ________ (辉煌的) civilization. 三、完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 31．To travel around the world is ____________________. 周游世界就是为了领略不同的风景，欣赏不同的文化。 32．因为采取了许多有效措施，环境已经被极大地改善了。 Because many effective measures have been taken, the environment ________ ________ ________ a lot. 33．我已经等了一个小时了，可他仍然没有出现。 I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, but he still hasn’t turned up. 34．They ________________ painting and calligraphy. 他们擅长绘画和书法。 35．________________, please sign up at the Students’ Union before July 11th. 如果你对此感兴趣，请在7月11日前到学生会报名。 36．With the leaves changing colors, it won’t be long ________________________. 随着树叶改变颜色，不久就会到冬天了。 37．父母不应该偏爱任何一个孩子。 Parents should not ________________ any one of their children. 38．_____________________, people are becoming increasingly concerned about the environment. 随着旅游业的发展，人们越来越关注环境。 39．________________________________ I didn’t give up. 尽管这个问题很难解决，但我并没有放弃。 40．We are looking forward to _____________________. 我们期待你的参与。 参考答案 1．preference 【详解】句意：他喜欢上网而不愿做别的事，因为玩电脑是他的偏好。根据前面的物主代词his可知应填名词形式preference，意为“偏爱，偏好”，作表语。 2．operator 【详解】句意：他告诉电话接线员这个电话关乎生死问题。名词operator意为“接线员”，在句中充当宾语，此处表示特指用单数。 3．advertising 【详解】句意：你们公司生产了一种新产品，这种产品值得做广告。be worth doing“值得做某事”，用动词-ing形式，故填advertising. 4．disturbance 【详解】句意：接连不断的打扰让我心烦，尤其是在我准备上床睡觉的时候。空处作主语，需用名词disturbance，为不可数名词。 5．steadily 【详解】句意：这些年来，我们公司一直在稳步发展。 此处修饰动词developing要用副词作状语；steady是形容词，副词形式为steadily。 6．negotiable 【详解】句意：能够协商的事情可以在人们讨论时改变或达成一致。根据空前的系动词is可知，设空处应用形容词作表语，此处表示“可协商的”，形容词是negotiable。 7．application 【详解】句意：她向那家公司申请职位被拒绝了，这使她非常沮丧。本空作主语，被形容词性物主代词Her修饰，应用名词形式，表示“申请”用名词application。 8．concerns 【详解】句意：自从核污染水被排入大海以来，如何保护生态环境已成为人们最关注的问题之一。介词among表示“在……之中”，后接可数名词复数形式；提示词concern作其宾语，意为“关注的事”，用复数形式concerns。 9．massive 【详解】句意：路上行驶的车辆并不能阻止如驼鹿和熊那样的巨大的哺乳动物穿过公路。本空修饰名词mammals，表示“巨大的”，应用形容词massive。 10．wandering 【详解】句意：当Rick Nahmias在附近闲逛时，他注意到树上所有未摘的水果，并考虑如何充分利用它们。此处是状语从句的省略，当主句主语和从句主语为同一主语，且从句含有be动词时，从句可以省略主语和系动词，主语和动词wander是主动关系，完整形式为:When he was wandering through his neighborhood，省略了“主语+be”。 11．has been ringing 【详解】句意：电话响了快一分钟了，为什么没人接？根据时间状语for almost a minute及句意可知，ring表示的动作从过去持续到现在并且正在进行（有可能延续到将来），故用现在完成进行时，主语The telephone是单数，因此空格处是has been ringing。 12．to prevent 【详解】句意：她解释说，我们正处于历史的“转折点”，现在必须采取行动，防止人类发生灭绝级事件。设空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式。 13．qualified 【详解】句意：我不仅热情而且容易相处，这使我有资格做这项志愿工作。此处为make+宾语+宾补结构，设空处作宾语补足语，对宾语me进行补充说明，应用形容词qualified意为“有资格的”。 14．was 【详解】句意：每一位候选人都被单独面试。句中谓语动词interview(面试)与主语Each candidate之间是被动关系，助动词be用于构成被动语态；结合语境，句中描述发生过的面试事件，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，助动词用单数形式was。 15．radiation 【详解】句意：核工业的工作人员需要身穿特制防护服来进行辐射防护。设空处修饰名词protection作定语，所给单词radiate为动词，其名词形式radiation意为“辐射”，构成固定短语radiation protection，意为“辐射防护”。 16．favored 【详解】考查语态。句意：就像在典型的家庭里，男孩比女孩更受宠爱，我奶奶不得不待在家里做家务。favor“更喜爱”和从句主语boys是被动关系，应用其过去分词favored和were构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填favored。 17．to advertise 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们尽最大努力为我们的产品销售做广告。这里考查do one’s best to do sth.，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to advertise。 18．to wear 【详解】考查“疑问词 + 不定式”结构。句意：李江和苏华对于迎接英国学生时穿什么意见不一致。“what to wear”在此处作“on”的宾语， 故填to wear。 19．economic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果过度分享，就存在一些潜在风险。一个严重的问题是泄露隐私，这可能会造成经济损失。这里需要一个形容词来修饰名词“losses（损失）” ，economy是名词，意为“经济” ，其形容词形式economic意为“经济的”在句中作定语。故填economic。 20．had reminded 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我曾两次提醒妹妹买一袋盐，但她还是忘了。空处作谓语，发生在forgot之前，表示“过去的过去”，使用过去完成时。故填had reminded。 21．advertised 【详解】句意：十年前，这所房子的广告售价为50万元。现在它翻了一番。根据提示的汉语“做广告”可知，此处为动词advertise，与主语之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式advertised与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。 22．operators 【详解】句意：紧急电话接线员必须始终保持冷静，确保他们得到派出救援所需的全部信息。根据汉语提示以及作句子主语，用名词operator，作主语，结合句中“ they”可知，此处表复数概念，用名词复数operators。 23．corresponding 【详解】句意：我一直与该领域的几位专家保持通信。根据汉语提示“通信”可知用动词correspond，由have been可知，此处为现在完成进行时，空格处用现在分词corresponding。 24．delicate 【详解】句意：温室里培育的花朵拥有脆弱的花瓣，无法抵御大风。根据汉语提示“脆弱的”可知，此处考查形容词delicate，作定语修饰名词petals。 25．candidates 【详解】句意：经过几轮面试，三名候选人入围经理岗位候选名单。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词candidate“候选人”作主语，符合语境，three（三个）后接可数名词复数，复数形式candidates。 26．salary 【详解】句意：我的大部分工资都用来付房租了。根据汉语提示可知用名词salary，作宾语，由goes可知，为单数。 27．preference 【详解】句意：父母在选择课后爱好时，应尊重孩子的个人喜好。空处应填名词作宾语，表示“偏爱”是名词preference。 28．genuine 【详解】句意：老板做了真诚的尝试来改善员工的工作条件。此处缺少形容词作定语，故填genuine。 29．radiation 【详解】句意：辐射泄漏的消息引发了公众大范围恐慌。根据汉语提示“辐射”可知，此处为名词radiation作宾语，为不可数名词。 30．splendid 【详解】句意：中国是一个历史悠久、文明辉煌的古老国家。“辉煌的”应用形容词splendid，作修饰civilization的定语。 31．to enjoy different scenery and appreciate different cultures 【详解】To travel around the world作主语，系动词is后需要不定式短语充当表语，构成对称结构；“领略不同的风景”译为to enjoy different scenery，“欣赏不同的文化”译为appreciate different cultures，并列共用不定式符号to，使用and连接。 32． has been improved 【详解】对比可知，空格处表达“已经被改善”，“改善”是improve，由“已经被”可知，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，主语the environment是不可数名词，因此空格处是has been improved。 33． have been waiting for an hour 【详解】对比可知，空格处表达“已经等了一个小时”，“等”是wait，用现在完成进行时表示一个动作从过去进行到现在，还有可能继续下去，主语是I，助动词用have，“一个小时”是for an hour。 34．are good at 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，此处表示“擅长”为be good at，该句描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，主语为they，所以be动词为are。故填are good at。 35．If you are interested in it 【详解】考查状语从句。根据句意，此处表示“如果你对此感兴趣”为if引导的条件状语从句，表示“对此感兴趣”为be interested in it，主句为祈使句，此处使用一般现在时表将来，主语为第二人称，所以be动词为are，句首单词首字母需大写。故填If you are interested in it。 36．before winter is here 【详解】考查时间状语从句和时态。根据句意，本题考查固定句式it won’t be long before+句子，意为“不久就……”，before引导时间状语从句，从句中用一般现在时表示将来；表示“会到冬天了”可理解为“冬天就会来临”，译为winter is here。故填before winter is here。 37．have a preference for 【详解】考查固定搭配。“对……偏爱”为固定搭配have a preference for，由情态动词should可知，动词have应用原形，故填ave a preference for。 38．As tourism develops 【详解】考查状语从句和主谓一致。“随着”用连词as引导时间状语从句；“旅游业”翻译为tourism，不可数名词作主语；“发展”用动词develop。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是tourism，谓语动词用三单形式。故填As tourism develops。 39．Even though the problem was difficult to solve 【详解】考查状语从句和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知，空格处应填“尽管这个问题很难解决”，应该用让步状语从句表示；根据主句中的didn’t可知，从句应该用一般过去时；“尽管”是even though；“这个问题很难解决”翻译为the problem was difficult to solve，句首单词首字母大写。故填Even though the problem was difficult to solve。 40．your participation 【详解】考查名词。固定搭配look forward to意为“期待”，其中to为介词；根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“你的参与”，应用your participation，作宾语。故填your participation。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、语法填空（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） （25-26高二下·甘肃天水·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置。 California and seven other states put forward a plan 1 (put) 3.3 million electric and fuel cell (燃料电池) vehicles on the road by 2025 — a goal that seems out 2 reach considering current market trends. The states set a target that 15% of their new-car sales would be zero-emission (零排放) vehicles. Such vehicles include electricity-only cars and hydrogen-powered fuel cell vehicles. Partial-zero-emission vehicles such as plug-in hybrids, 3 run both on gasoline and electricity, also can count towards part of the goal. But zero-emission sales make up only a tiny part of the 15 million to 16 million vehicles sold 4 (annual) in the U.S. The multi-state ZEV action plan 5 (announce) last week and developed as part of a larger agreement to speed the 6 (introduce) of zero emission vehicles to fight greenhouse gas pollution. The plan laid out 7 mass of steps to speed acceptance of the vehicles from average 8 (consumer), such as giving such vehicles access to carpool lanes (共乘车道) and 9 (charge) lower fees on roads and bridges for such cars. “Today, we’re putting a foot on the pedal to get more clean cars on the road,” said California Gov. Jerry Brown. “This is a 10 (reality) measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.” 【答案】 1．to put 2．of 3．which 4．annually 5．was announced 6．introduction 7．a 8．consumers 9．charging 10．realistic 【导语】文章主要介绍加州等八个州出台计划，目标到2025年推广330万辆零排放车辆，阐述该计划的目标、具体举措以及环保意义。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：加利福尼亚州和其他七个州提出一项计划，到2025年让330万辆电动汽车和燃料电池汽车上路——一个考虑到当前市场趋势似乎遥不可及的目标。句中已有谓语put forward，空处应填非谓语形式；名词plan后常用不定式作后置定语，a plan to do sth.表示“做某事的计划”。 2．考查介词。句意：加利福尼亚州和其他七个州提出一项计划，到2025年让330万辆电动汽车和燃料电池汽车上路——一个考虑到当前市场趋势似乎遥不可及的目标。out of reach是固定短语，意为“够不着，遥不可及”。 3．考查定语从句。句意：插电式混合动力汽车这类部分零排放汽车依靠汽油和电力共同驱动，也可以计入该目标的一部分。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为plug-in hybrids，指物，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which。 4．考查副词。句意：但零排放汽车销量仅占美国每年售出1500万至1600万辆汽车中的很小一部分。此处修饰动词sold，需用副词形式，annual的副词形式为annually，表示“每年”。 5．考查谓语动词。句意：这份多州零排放汽车行动计划于上周公布，是一项更大协议的组成部分，旨在加快推广零排放汽车以对抗温室气体污染。根据时间状语last week可知，句子描述的是过去的事实，应用一般过去时；主语plan和announce之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态；且主语为单数，应填was announced。 6．考查名词。句意：这份多州零排放汽车行动计划于上周公布，是一项更大协议的组成部分，旨在加快推广零排放汽车以对抗温室气体污染。定冠词the后接名词，introduce的名词形式introduction，表示“引进，推广”，为不可数名词。 7．考查冠词。句意：该计划制定大量举措，促进普通消费者接受这类车辆，例如允许这类车辆使用共乘车道，并且在道路、桥梁通行时收取更低费用。a mass of是固定短语，意为“大量的”。 8．考查名词。句意：该计划制定大量举措，促进普通消费者接受这类车辆，例如允许这类车辆使用共乘车道，并且在道路、桥梁通行时收取更低费用。consumer为可数名词，此处泛指广大消费者，使用复数形式consumers。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划制定大量举措，促进普通消费者接受这类车辆，例如允许这类车辆使用共乘车道，并且在道路、桥梁通行时收取更低费用。and连接并列结构，此处为such as后两个并列动名词短语，空处应用动名词charging作宾语，与giving并列。 10．考查形容词。句意：加州州长Jerry Brown表示：“如今我们正加大力度推动更多清洁能源汽车上路。这是一项切实可行的举措，能够减少温室气体排放。”此处修饰名词measure，需用形容词，reality的形容词形式为realistic，表示“现实的，切实可行的”。 二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分） （25-26高二下·湖南长沙·期末）My previous home had a stand of woods behind it and many animals in the backyard. That first year, I 1 feeding peanuts to the blue jays (松鸦), then the squirrels. The squirrels had no problem coming up right to me for them. As the months went by, the rabbits saw that I was no 2 and didn’t escape. Slowly they came to 3 me, and by the end of the year they were eating out of my hand. That second year, the rabbits 4 me, and one would even sit up for slices! While I was feeding them, I 5 that a groundhog (土拨鼠) who used to run away was now taking an 6 interest in this food situation. I carefully extended a long carrot, with a keen eye on those teeth, and 7 , there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit, both munching (出声地嚼) on carrots. A few months later, while eating, the groundhog would even turn her back to me. 8 when she was facing away, I reached out and 9 scratched (挠) her back with my finger. She didn’t move. By year three, the rabbits and the groundhog were back. The groundhog 10 didn’t have a problem with me scratching her back, and I got an idea. I’d always 11 , while slicing up carrots, that the end looked like a cap. So one day, just to see how she would react, I gently 12 one on top of the groundhog’s head. Again, not a 13 . The next time, I had my camera ready to record what you see here, one of several dozen such pictures. 14 she had a slice to eat, she never 15 the one on her head. It was a fair trade — I got a pleasure, and she had yet another tasty treat. 1．A．avoided B．started C．cancelled D．suggested 2．A．help B．cheat C．threat D．exception 3．A．trust B．miss C．admire D．appreciate 4．A．feared B．ignored C．discovered D．remembered 5．A．proved B．decided C．noticed D．understood 6．A．extreme B．increasing C．additional D．inspiring 7．A．before long B．long ago C．over and over D．all over again 8．A．Next B．Once C．Soon D．Lately 9．A．carefully B．suddenly C．violently D．patiently 10．A．also B．thus C．just D．still 11．A．thought B．doubted C．admitted D．recognised 12．A．fixed B．placed C．hung D．kept 13．A．tremble B．move C．delay D．hesitation 14．A．Even if B．Ever since C．As far as D．So long as 15．A．welcomed B．required C．bothered D．expected 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者在后院投喂小动物，慢慢获得兔子、土拨鼠信任，和它们建立起温馨亲密相处时光的趣味故事。 1．考查动词。句意：第一年，我开始给松鸦喂花生，之后又喂松鼠。A. avoided避免；B. started开始；C. cancelled取消；D. suggested建议。根据下文“The squirrels had no problem coming up right to me”可知，作者开启投喂小动物这件事。 2．考查名词。句意：几个月过去，兔子发现我并不是威胁，便不再逃跑。A. help帮助；B. cheat骗子；C. threat威胁；D. exception例外。根据下文“didn’t escape”可知，兔子确认作者不会伤害自己，不是一种威胁。 3．考查动词。句意：渐渐地它们开始信任我，到年末时，它们敢从我手中取食。A. trust信任；B. miss想念；C. admire钦佩；D. appreciate感激。根据下文“they were eating out of my hand”可知，动物们信任作者。 4．考查动词。句意：第二年，兔子记住了我，其中一只甚至会坐直身子等着胡萝卜片！A. feared害怕；B. ignored忽视；C. discovered发现；D. remembered记住。根据上文“the rabbits saw that I was no and didn’t escape”可知，第一年兔子已经亲近作者，第二年兔子记住了作者。 5．考查动词。句意：我喂兔子的时候，注意到一只从前总会逃跑的土拨鼠，如今对投喂食物这件事兴趣渐浓。A. proved证明；B. decided决定；C. noticed注意到；D. understood理解。根据上文“While I was feeding them”可知，此处指作者投喂时无意间观察到土拨鼠的变化。 6．考查形容词。句意：我喂兔子的时候，注意到一只从前总会逃跑的土拨鼠，如今对投喂食物这件事兴趣渐浓。A. extreme极端的；B. increasing不断增长的；C. additional额外的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据上文“who used to run away”可知，此处形成对比，表示土拨鼠的兴趣越来越浓厚。 7．考查副词短语。句意：我小心翼翼地递出一根长长的胡萝卜，紧紧盯着它的牙齿，不久之后，好几次我都能看到这只土拨鼠挨着兔子，一起啃胡萝卜。A. before long不久之后；B. long ago很久以前；C. over and over反复；D. all over again重新再来。根据上文“who used to run away was now taking an interest”可知，亲近进食是一段时间之后发生的变化。 8．考查副词。句意：有一回它背对着我时，我伸出手指，小心翼翼地挠了挠它的后背。A. Next接下来；B. Once有一次，一旦；C. Soon很快；D. Lately近来。根据下文“scratched (挠) her back”可知，此处是举例某一次具体发生的动作。 9．考查副词。句意：有一回它背对着我时，我伸出手指，小心翼翼地挠了挠它的后背。A. carefully小心地；B. suddenly突然地；C. violently猛烈地；D. patiently耐心地。根据上文“who used to run away”可知，作者怕惊扰它，动作十分轻柔谨慎。 10．考查副词。句意：这只土拨鼠依旧完全不抗拒我挠它的后背，并且我想到了一个主意。A. also也；B. thus因此；C. just仅仅；D. still仍然。根据上文“She didn’t move”可知，时隔一年它依旧接受这个动作。 11．考查动词。句意：我切胡萝卜片的时候，一直觉得胡萝卜的尾部形状像一顶小帽子。A. thought觉得，认为；B. doubted怀疑；C. admitted承认；D. recognised认出。根据下文“on top of the groundhog’s head”可知，作者觉得胡萝卜根像帽子。 12．考查动词。句意：于是某天，为了看看它是什么反应，我轻轻把一截胡萝卜头放在了土拨鼠头顶。A. fixed修理，固定；B. placed放置；C. hung悬挂；D. kept保持。根据下文“on top of the groundhog’s head”可知，作者把胡萝卜头放在了土拨鼠头顶，place sth. on sth. 表示“把某物放在某物之上”。 13．考查名词。句意：这一次，它依旧一动不动。A. tremble颤抖；B. move移动；C. delay拖延；D. hesitation犹豫。根据上文“She didn’t move”可知，这次土拨鼠头顶被放东西也没有挪动一下。 14．考查连词。句意：只要它嘴里有胡萝卜片吃，就完全不在意头顶上顶着的那截“小帽子”。A. Even if即使；B. Ever since自从；C. As far as就……而言；D. So long as只要。根据下文“she had a slice to eat”可知，前后是条件关系：只要有食物吃，它就不在乎头上的东西。 15．考查动词。句意：只要它嘴里有胡萝卜片吃，就完全不在意头顶上顶着的那截“小帽子”。A. welcomed欢迎；B. required需要；C. bothered困扰，烦心；D. expected期待。根据上文“Again, not a ”可知，头顶的胡萝卜头没有打扰到土拨鼠。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $