2026-2027学年高二英语上学期开学模拟卷（一）（广东揭阳适用）

**基本信息** 本试卷以科技前沿与人文传承为核心素材，通过阅读、语言运用及写作三维度考查，融合医学史、环保农业等真实情境，提升学生跨文化理解与批判性思维。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读（含七选五）|20题/50分|医学科学家贡献、APL治疗突破、再生农业、新型水泥|细节理解（如Fleming与Tu共同点）、推理判断（如Snow研究影响）、篇章结构（七选五眼接触技巧）| |语言知识运用|35题/40分|词汇（如pioneering）、语法（时态/非谓语）、词形转换（如strengthen）|完形填空（Jane Goodall事迹）、语法填空（杨振宁生平）、词语运用（volunteer等）| |写作|2题/40分|校园倡议（和谐校园）、叙事续写（书店购书经历）|应用文结合校园实际，读后续写注重情感与逻辑|

2026-2027学年高二英语上学期开学模拟卷（一） （时间：120分钟，满分：130分） 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．A 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 16．G 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．F 第二部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 36．were awarded 37．Having completed 38．further 39．foundation 40．whose 41．strengthened 42．and 43．passionately 44．on 45．an 第三节 词语运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 46．challenging 47．volunteered 48．appreciated 49．available 50．convenient 51．progress 52．opportunity 53．confidence 54．curious 55．apologised 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） As the Student Union president, I’m glad to announce our school will hold a Civilization Month themed “Building a Harmonious Campus” next month. A harmonious campus is the cornerstone of our happy study and healthy growth. It not only provides a favorable learning environment but also helps us develop good virtues like respect and kindness. I sincerely call on everyone to participate actively. Let’s greet teachers politely, keep the campus clean, and support classmates in need. Every small act contributes to a better campus. Let’s work together for it! Students’ Union 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） A thought flashed through his mind. He wanted to ask Mr. Reed if he could work part-time in the bookstore to earn the book. He walked up to the owner nervously and told him his trouble. Mr. Reed smiled softly after hearing his story. He said he needed a helper to tidy books and clean the reading corner every afternoon. If Jack came to help after school, he would give him the novel as payment. Jack jumped with joy and agreed at once.Paragraph 2 As promised, Jack came and helped out every afternoon. He sorted books neatly, wiped tables and kept the whole store tidy. Every day he stole a little time to read a few pages of The Lost Treasure. Weeks later, Mr. Reed handed the blue-covered book to Jack. Holding his own book tightly, Jack realized that hard work could bring him the treasure he longed for. This special book taught him the true value of effort and patience forever. ！1 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高二英语上学期开学模拟卷（一） 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：130分） 注意事项 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Medical Scientists Who Changed the World Alexander Fleming(1881-1955) Scottish scientist Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928. After returning from vacation, he noticed that mold in a petri dish had killed bacteria. This accidental discovery led to the development of antibiotics(抗生素), which have saved millions of lives since then. During World War II, penicillin was widely used to treat wounded soldiers and became known as a “wonder drug”. Fleming received the Nobel Prize in 1945 for his important work.Louis Pasteur(1822-1895) This French chemist proved that germs cause disease, changing our understanding of illness. He developed vaccines for rabies and anthrax, helping to prevent deadly infections. His pasteurization process, which kills harmful bacteria in milk and wine by heating them, is still used worldwide today. Pasteur’s germ theory laid the foundation for modern microbiology and changed how doctors treat patients. John Snow(1813-1858) English doctor Snow helped stop a deadly cholera outbreak in London in 1854. By carefully mapping cases on a street map, he proved that polluted water from a public pump spread the disease, not the popular belief of “bad air”. His work founded modern epidemiology(流行病学) — the study of how diseases spread — and led to major improvements in public health systems. Tu Youyou(1930 present) Inspired by traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou discovered artemisinin in the 1970s. After testing over 2,000 traditional recipes, she finally found a treatment for malaria(疟疾) in sweet wormwood. This drug has saved millions of lives in developing countries, especially in Africa. In 2015, she became the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, bringing traditional medicine into modern science. 1. What do Alexander Fleming and Tu Youyou have in common? A. Both discovered antibiotics by accident. B. Both worked mainly during World War II. C. Both won the Nobel Prize for their work. D. Both studied traditional Chinese medicine. 2. What can be inferred from the text? A. Tu Youyou’s research was inspired by Louis Pasteur’s work. B. John Snow’s method helped establish a new field of medical study. C. Louis Pasteur’s theory mainly influenced the treatment of malaria. D. Alexander Fleming’s discovery was based on years of planned experiments. 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To compare traditional and modern medical approaches. B. To prove that accidents are important in medical research. C. To explain how Nobel Prize winners made their discoveries. D. To show how scientific contributions have improved global health. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章围绕四位医学科学家的贡献展开，作答时应结合篇章结构和文本证据。 【解析】 1．细节理解题。根据Alexander Fleming(1881-1955)中“Fleming received the Nobel Prize in 1945 for his important work.(弗莱明于 1945 年因其重要工作而获得诺贝尔奖。)”以及Tu Youyou(1930 present)中“In 2015, she became the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, bringing traditional medicine into modern science.(2015 年，她成为首位获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的中国科学家，将传统医学带入了现代科学领域。)”可知，亚历山大·弗莱明和屠呦呦都获得了诺贝尔奖。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据John Snow(1813-1858)中“His work founded modern epidemiology(流行病学) — the study of how diseases spread — and led to major improvements in public health systems.(他的工作开创了现代流行病学——即研究疾病传播方式的学科——并促成了公共卫生体系的重大改进。)”可推知，约翰·斯诺的方法帮助开辟了一个新的医学研究领域。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章标题“Four Medical Scientists Who Changed the World(四位改变世界的医学科学家)”并通读全文可知，文章介绍四位医学科学家的重大贡献，这些成果拯救无数生命、推动全球公共健康发展。提出可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是展示科学贡献如何改善全球健康状况。故选D项。 B Chen Zhu, a Chinese hematologist (血液学家), received the 2026 Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine on May 27. For him, true achievements don’t come from seeking awards. His drive comes from somewhere deeper. Born in Jiangsu in 1953, he lived a tough life and began learning medicine on his own as a young man, later becoming a village doctor. His deep wish to help others pushed him to receive formal medical training. Later, he went to France for further research, where he deepened his knowledge of medical science. Chen Zhu’s greatest contribution is in the fight against acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a deadly blood cancer. In the past most APL patients died within weeks. The standard treatment often harmed healthy parts along with cancerous ones, leaving patients too weak to survive. As a result, the five-year survival rate was only between 35% and 45%. Inspired by traditional Chinese medicine, which uses a dangerous material called arsenic (砷) to treat certain diseases, Chen Zhu and his team developed a targeted treatment. They combined (结合) arsenic with a Western drug. The result was amazing: the new treatment could cure over 90% of APL patients. “Chinese and Western medicine are not enemies,” Chen says. “They can learn from each other.” Some experts doubted his idea at first, but Chen stood his ground. “It takes time and courage,” he explains. “You have to believe in what you do.” Over time, more scientists came to support him, and the treatment — now called the “Shanghai Program” — has been applied in hospitals across the world. When receiving the Shaw Prize, he said, “This honor belongs to every researcher who believes in saving lives above all else.” From Tu Youyou’s artemisinin to Chen Zhu’s APL cure, Chinese scientists have once again shown the world the power of bringing together tradition with new ideas. 4. What mainly drove Chen Zhu to achieve success in medicine? A. Desire to help those who suffer. B. Pressure from his early difficult life. C. Encouragement of the French research team. D. The hope of winning international recognition. 5. What was the problem with past APL treatment? A. It was too painful for most patients. B. Patients died too quickly after treatment. C. It had a success rate of only 35% to 45%. D. It hurt healthy parts while killing cancer. 6. How did Chen Zhu develop the new APL treatment? A. By integrating arsenic with a Western medicine. B. By comparing Western drugs with Chinese medicine. C. By further developing medical technology in France. D. By inventing a new drug out of traditional materials. 7. What does the underlined phrase “stood his ground” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Referred to experts actively. B. Stuck to his opinion firmly. C. Took in others’ idea wisely. D. Admitted his limitation bravely. 【答案】4．A 5．D 6．A 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕陈竺攻克白血病并推动中西医结合展开，作答时应结合篇章结构和文本证据。 【解析】 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“His deep wish to help others pushed him to receive formal medical training. (他想要帮助他人的深切愿望，促使他接受正规的医学培训。)”可知，想要救助病患的心愿是他在医学领域取得成功的主要动力。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“The standard treatment often harmed healthy parts along with cancerous ones, leaving patients too weak to survive. (常规治疗在杀死癌变部位的同时，常常损伤健康组织，导致患者身体过弱无法存活。)”可知，过去治疗方案的问题是治疗过程会伤害健康身体部位。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“They combined (结合) arsenic with a Western drug. (他们将砷和一种西药相结合。)”可知，陈竺团队通过融合砷与西药研发出新疗法。 7．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Some experts doubted his idea at first, but Chen stood his ground. (起初一些专家质疑他的想法，但陈竺stood his ground。)”以及“‘You have to believe in what you do.’ (‘你必须坚信自己所做的事。’)”可知，划线短语表示坚持自身观点，与B选项“Stuck to his opinion firmly. (坚定坚持自己的观点。)”含义一致。 C Soil, often taken for granted, is emerging as a powerful tool in the fight against climate change. A growing number of farmers around Europe are turning to regenerative farming to improve soil health and earn extra income by selling soil carbon credits. Modern farming practices, including continuous heavy ploughing (耕地) and overuse of chemical fertilizers (肥料), have seriously damaged soil structure and released large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. In contrast, regenerative agriculture helps soil absorb and store CO₂, a major greenhouse gas, while also improving soil fertility. Thomas Gent and his family run an 800-hectare (公顷) farm on the border of Cambridgeshire and Lincolnshire. They stopped ploughing entirely 17 years ago and now grow grass alongside main crops. The improved soil structure allows rainwater to drain (流走) naturally and supports healthier plant growth. “The soil is the foundation of everything we do,” Gent says. “If we look after it, it looks after us.” Companies like AgreenaCarbon specialize in measuring and confirming carbon stored in soil. Farmers receive tradable carbon credits, each representing one ton of CO₂ locked away in the soil. They can earn between £ 200 and £300 per hectare per year by selling these credits, creating a reliable extra income stream that supports their switch to greener farming methods. The soil carbon credit market is still in its early stage but expanding fast across Europe, with more than 16,000 farmers in 16 countries having joined such programmes, covering over 1.6 million hectares of land. Critics warn that the voluntary carbon market risks greenwashing if projects are not strictly monitored and checked. However, supporters believe soil carbon projects bring multiple environmental and economic benefits: better soil health, higher biodiversity, less soil erosion (侵蚀) and measurable climate action. For forward-thinking farmers, adopting regenerative farming and participating in carbon credit programs is not just environmentally responsible — it is also economically rewarding, ensuring the long-term sustainability of their farms. 8. What is the aim of regenerative farming? A. To increase agricultural production. B. To improve soil health. C. To reduce the farming cost. D. To prevent extreme weather. 9. What can be learned about Thomas Gent’s farm? A. It is the largest carbon farm in Europe. B. It depends heavily on chemical fertilizers. C. It has given up traditional ploughing for years. D. It earns most of its income from carbon credits. 10. What’s the main idea of paragraph 3? A. Extra incomes of European farmers. B. Development of soil carbon credit market. C. Popularity of greener farming methods. D. Functions of soil carbon storage companies. 11. What can be inferred about the soil carbon credit market? A. It is strictly monitored globally. B. It disturbs traditional market. C. It mainly serves large enterprises. D. It faces both support and criticism. 【答案】8．B 9．C 10．B 11．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕再生农业与土壤碳信用市场展开，作答时应结合篇章结构和文本证据。 【解析】 8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A growing number of farmers around Europe are turning to regenerative farming to improve soil health and earn extra income by selling soil carbon credits. (越来越多的欧洲农民开始采用再生农业，以改善土壤健康，并通过出售土壤碳信用额度来增加收入。)”可知，再生农业的目标是改善土壤健康。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“They stopped ploughing entirely 17 years ago and now grow grass alongside main crops. The improved soil structure allows rainwater to drain (流走) naturally and supports healthier plant growth. (17年前，他们完全停止了耕地，现在在主作物旁种植牧草。改良后的土壤结构使雨水能够自然排泄，也促进了植物更健康的生长。)”可知，关于托马斯・金特的农场，我们可以得知它多年前就已放弃传统翻耕。 10．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Companies like AgreenaCarbon specialize in measuring and confirming carbon stored in soil. Farmers receive tradable carbon credits, each representing one ton of CO₂ locked away in the soil. They can earn between £ 200 and £300 per hectare per year by selling these credits, creating a reliable extra income stream that supports their switch to greener farming methods. The soil carbon credit market is still in its early stage but expanding fast across Europe, with more than 16,000 farmers in 16 countries having joined such programmes, covering over 1.6 million hectares of land. (像AgreenaCarbon这样的公司专门负责测量和确认土壤中储存的碳。农民可以获得可交易的碳信用额度，每份信用额度代表一吨被锁定在土壤中的二氧化碳。他们每年每公顷可通过出售这些碳信用额度获得200至300英镑的收入，形成可靠的额外收入来源，从而支持其转向更环保的农业方式。土壤碳信用市场目前仍处于早期阶段，但正在欧洲快速扩展，已有16个国家超过1.6万名农民加入此类项目，覆盖面积超过160万公顷土地。)”可知，第三段先介绍碳信用的运作模式（企业核量、农民获券、出售获利），随后说明该市场尚处初期但扩张迅速，覆盖了多国大量农户与土地，核心围绕土壤碳信用市场的发展展开。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Critics warn that the voluntary carbon market risks greenwashing if projects are not strictly monitored and checked. However, supporters believe soil carbon projects bring multiple environmental and economic benefits: better soil health, higher biodiversity, less soil erosion (侵蚀) and measurable climate action. (批评者警告称，如果项目缺乏严格监督和检查，自愿碳市场可能面临“绿色漂白”风险。然而，支持者认为，土壤碳项目带来了多重环境与经济效益：改善土壤健康、提升生物多样性、减少土壤侵蚀以及实现可量化的气候行动。)”可知，关于土壤碳信用市场，我们可以推断出它同时面临支持与批评。 D Normal cement (水泥) tends to absorb infrared radiation (红外线) from the sun and store it as heat, which can increase the temperature inside cement buildings as well as that of the surrounding air. So Fengyin Du, then at Southeast University in Nanjing, China, and her colleagues decided to address this by creating a new cement in which tiny reflective crystals of a mineral collect on the surface. The team’s cement emits infrared light from its surface, rather than storing it, and so loses heat quickly. “It works like a mirror and a radiator, so it can reflect sunlight away and send heat out into the sky, so a building can stay cooler without any air conditioning or electricity,” says Du. In the laboratory, the researchers first produce tiny balls from common minerals like limestone and gypsum. These are ground to dust and mixed with water before being poured into a silicone mould (硅胶模具) covered in small holes. Air bubbles passing through the holes create slight depressions in the cement’s surface, where the reflective crystals can then grow, while an aluminium-rich substance in the set cement lets infrared light pass through the material. Economically, this new cement holds an advantage, costing $5 per tonne less than normal cement, as Du notes its production requires lower temperatures. Du and her team tested how their cement kept cool on a hot roof at Purdue University in Indiana, which jointly hosted Du’s PhD project, finding that the surface temperature was 5.4℃ lower than the air and 26℃ lower than the normal cement. “It’s a useful material,” says Oscar Brousse at University College London. “You increase the reflective capacity as well as increasing the emissivity, so any energy that is captured or conducted to the material is emitted efficiently back.” However, measuring only the surface temperature of the material doesn’t tell us how it will perform in the real world, says Brousse, so it should undergo further testing. “It doesn’t mean that because the surface is 5℃ lower, that the air temperature will be 5℃ lower around it. The effect locally may be greatly limited.” 12. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. The rising indoor temperature. B. The absorbed infrared radiation. C. The heat storage of normal cement. D. The use of reflective mineral crystals. 13. How does the new cement achieve cooling effect? A. It reflects sunlight and emits heat. B. It lets cool air into minerals. C. It locks infrared with air bubbles. D. It creates pressure on the surface. 14. What is the strength of the new cement? A. Replacing air conditioning. B. Reducing air temperature. C. Working best on Indiana roofs. D. Lowering production cost. 15. What is Brousse’s attitude towards the new cement? A. Objective. B. Indifferent. C. Pessimistic. D. Disapproving. 【答案】12．C 13．A 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇research。文章围绕中国团队研发可降温的新型水泥展开，作答时应结合篇章结构和文本证据。 【解析】 12．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Normal cement (水泥) tends to absorb infrared radiation (红外线) from the sun and store it as heat, which can increase the temperature inside cement buildings as well as that of the surrounding air.(普通水泥会吸收来自太阳的红外线并将其转化为热量储存起来，这会导致水泥建筑内部以及周围空气的温度升高)”可知，普通水泥会吸收并储存热量，导致建筑及周边升温，后文“address this”即指解决这一问题，“this”指代普通水泥的储热问题。故划线词指的是“普通水泥的蓄热性能”。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段“The team’s cement emits infrared light from its surface, rather than storing it, and so loses heat quickly. “It works like a mirror and a radiator, so it can reflect sunlight away and send heat out into the sky, so a building can stay cooler without any air conditioning or electricity,” says Du.(该团队研发的这种水泥从其表面会释放出红外线，而非储存红外线，因此能够迅速散失热量。杜说：“它就像一面镜子和一个散热器的结合体，能够将阳光反射出去，并将热量散发到空中，这样建筑物就能在无需空调或电力的情况下保持凉爽。”)”可知，这种新型水泥能反射阳光并散发热量实现降温效果。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段“Economically, this new cement holds an advantage, costing $5 per tonne less than normal cement, as Du notes its production requires lower temperatures.(从经济角度来看，这种新型水泥具有优势，其每吨的成本比普通水泥低5美元，因为其生产过程所需的温度更低。正如杜所指出的那样)”可知，这种新型水泥可以降低生产成本。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据第五段“It’s a useful material(这是一种有用的材料)”以及最后一段“However, measuring only the surface temperature of the material doesn’t tell us how it will perform in the real world, says Brousse, so it should undergo further testing.(不过，布罗塞表示，仅仅测量材料的表面温度并不能让我们了解其在实际环境中的表现情况，因此该材料还需要进行进一步的测试)”可知，布罗塞对这种新型水泥持客观态度。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Make Eye Contact Making eye contact can be tricky, especially if you are shy, or nervous. But good eye-contact is important for building trust and engaging an audience.____16____ Turning your shoulders and head to face the other person’s eyes. Opening up your body to the other person helps to tell him you are listening, engaged, and ready to communicate.____17____Position yourself a few feet away from the other person’s face, which ensures a respectful distance while still maintaining a sense of closeness. Choosing a focal point near the eyes. Most commonly, this is one of the other person’s eyes. But if you do feel uncomfortable, you can also avoid their eyes in a wise way.____18____You can also choose to look under or above the eyes, or at a certain point around the ear. Bear in mind that maintaining eye contact with the help of an appropriate focal point is an effective way to show sincerity. ____19____ Think of how you would look at a painting or great view — you are not focusing intently on them, but instead looking at them gently. So, relax your gaze (注视) by breathing slowly as you make gentle eye-contact and nodding occasionally while you listen. Breaking eye contact briefly every 5-15 seconds. ____20____While you don’t need to count the seconds, you should look away every once in a while to keep the conversation light and easy, but only for a few seconds. Some casual ways to do so include: laughing, nodding, and acknowledging the other person; looking at the sky; looking off to the side briefly, as if remembering something or running your hands through your hair. A. Making gentle eye-contact. B. Looking between their eyes is a good choice. C. It also makes eye contact more natural to maintain. D. Below are the reasons why you should make eye contact. E. Avoiding hesitant eye contact in a formal and important meeting. F. Too much eye-contact can be as uncomfortable as none at all. G. All it takes is a little practice to confidently hold someone’s gaze. 【答案】16．G 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．F 【导语】本文是一篇方法指导类说明文。文章围绕交流中有效进行眼神接触的方法展开，设空主要考查段落结构、逻辑衔接和指代关系。 【解析】 16．上文“Making eye contact can be tricky, especially if you are shy, or nervous. But good eye-contact is important for building trust and engaging an audience.(眼神交流可能有些棘手，尤其是当你害羞或紧张的时候。但良好的眼神交流对于建立信任和吸引观众很重要)”说明眼神交流虽然有些困难，但对于建立信任和吸引观众很重要；G选项“All it takes is a little practice to confidently hold someone’s gaze.(只需要一点练习，你就能自信地与人对视)”提出了一个解决方案，即只需要一点练习就能自信地进行眼神交流，与上文形成转折关系，并引出下文关于如何进行眼神交流的具体建议。故选G。 17．上文“Opening up your body to the other person helps to tell him you are listening, engaged, and ready to communicate.(向对方敞开心扉有助于告诉他你在倾听、投入并准备交流)”说明向对方敞开心扉的重要性；C选项“It also makes eye contact more natural to maintain.(这也使得保持眼神交流更加自然)”进一步解释了向对方敞开心扉的好处之一，即使得眼神交流更加自然，与上文构成并列关系，并引出下文关于如何保持自然眼神交流的具体建议。故选C。 18．上文“But if you do feel uncomfortable, you can also avoid their eyes in a wise way.(但如果你真的感到不舒服，你也可以以一种明智的方式避免与他们的眼神接触)”说明在感到不舒服时可以采取明智的方式避免眼神接触；B选项“Looking between their eyes is a good choice.(看着他们的眼睛之间是一个不错的选择)”给出了一个具体的建议，即看着对方的眼睛之间，这是一种避免直接眼神接触但又能保持一定交流的方式，符合题意。故选B。 19．下文“Think of how you would look at a painting or great view — you are not focusing intently on them, but instead looking at them gently. So, relax your gaze (注视) by breathing slowly as you make gentle eye-contact and nodding occasionally while you listen.(想想你如何看待一幅画或一处美景——你不是全神贯注地看着它们，而是温柔地看着它们。所以，当你做出温柔的眼神交流并偶尔点头倾听时，通过慢慢呼吸来放松你的视线)”说明这一部分是关于如何温柔地进行眼神交流的；A选项“Making gentle eye-contact.(做出温柔的眼神交流)”作为小标题，概括了下文的内容，符合题意。故选A。 20．上文“Breaking eye contact briefly every 5-15 seconds.(每隔5-15秒短暂地移开视线)”说明需要适时地移开视线；F选项“Too much eye-contact can be as uncomfortable as none at all.(过多的眼神交流和无眼神交流一样会让人不舒服)”解释了为什么需要适时地移开视线，即过多的眼神交流会让人感到不舒服，与上文形成因果关系，并引出下文关于如何适时移开视线的具体建议。故选F。 第二部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Born in 1934, in London, Jane Goodall dreamed of studying wildlife in Africa from an early age. Her____21____came in 1957 when she was invited to visit a friend’s family farm in Kenya. There, she____22____Dr. Louis Leakey, a scientist studying human development in Africa.____23____by her interest, Leakey asked Goodall to study chimpanzees (黑猩猩) at the Gombe Stream Game Reserve in Tanzania. She readily____24____. In 1960, at age 26, Goodall set up a camp at Gombe, where she spent the next 60 years,____25____one of the longest continuous wildlife studies in history. Her____26____work showed surprising facts about chimpanzees’ behavior. She saw them using tools to fish for ants. This____27____that humans are not the only toolmakers. Her research also found that chimpanzees____28____social lives. They cared for each other and made friends. These discoveries____29____how people saw the animals forever. Goodall’s findings made her____30____around the world. In 1965, the University of Cambridge gave her a PhD．Her gift goes far beyond her____31____. The Jane Goodall Institute, started in 1977, helps____32____the homes of chimpanzees and supports sustainable (持续的) development. Her Roots & Shoots program, started in 1991, now____33____young people in nearly 100 countries. It____34____them to take action to help the environment, animals, and their communities. Through these____35____, Goodall’s work continues to make a difference around the world. 21. A. plan B. chance C. turn D. reason 22. A. came across B. passed by C. got through D. ran over 23. A. Challenged B. Shocked C. Puzzled D. Struck 24. A. returned B. discovered C. agreed D. explained 25. A. finding out B. carrying out C. pointing out D. calling out 26. A. pioneering B. disturbing C. demanding D. exciting 27. A. realized B. happened C. doubted D. proved 28. A. served B. wanted C. led D. followed 29. A. described B. changed C. improved D. designed 30. A. famous B. rich C. particular D. ordinary 31. A. articles B. descriptions C. instructions D. discoveries 32. A. prevent B. examine C. protect D. consider 33. A. matches B. reaches C. introduces D. reminds 34. A. advises B. requires C. forces D. encourages 35. A. efforts B. goals C. words D. methods 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章回顾珍·古道尔投身黑猩猩研究的经历，介绍她的重要科研发现，以及她通过研究所和‘根与芽’项目推动动物保护、可持续发展和青少年公益行动所作的贡献。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1957年，当她受邀去肯尼亚拜访朋友的家庭农场时，她的机会来了。A. plan计划；B. chance机会；C. turn转变；D. reason原因。根据上文“Jane Goodall dreamed of studying wildlife in Africa from an early age.”和下文“when she was invited to visit a friend’s family farm in Kenya”可知，珍·古道尔一直梦想研究非洲野生动物，此次肯尼亚之行让她有了靠近梦想的契机，这是她的圆梦机会，故选B。 22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那里，她偶遇了路易斯·利基博士，一位在非洲研究人类发展的科学家。A. came across偶遇；B. passed by路过；C. got through通过；D. ran over碾过。根据上文“she was invited to visit a friend’s family farm in Kenya”和下文“Dr. Louis Leakey, a scientist studying human development in Africa”可知，珍·古道尔是在肯尼亚的农场偶然遇到了利基博士，并非特意寻找，故选A。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：利基博士被她的兴趣打动，邀请古道尔去坦桑尼亚的贡贝溪野生动物保护区研究黑猩猩。A. Challenged挑战；B. Shocked震惊；C. Puzzled困惑；D. Struck打动。根据下文“Leakey asked Goodall to study chimpanzees at the Gombe Stream Game Reserve in Tanzania”可知，利基博士因被珍·古道尔对野生动物的兴趣所打动，才向她发出了研究黑猩猩的邀请，故选D。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她欣然同意了。A. returned返回；B. discovered发现；C. agreed同意；D. explained解释。根据上文“Jane Goodall dreamed of studying wildlife in Africa from an early age”和“Leakey asked Goodall to study chimpanzees”可知，研究黑猩猩正是珍·古道尔的梦想，因此她爽快地答应了邀请，故选C。 25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：1960年，26岁的古道尔在贡贝建立了营地，在那里度过了接下来的60年，开展了历史上持续时间最长的野生动物研究之一。A. finding out查明；B. carrying out开展；C. pointing out指出；D. calling out呼喊。根据下文“one of the longest continuous wildlife studies in history”可知，古道尔在贡贝建立营地后，着手开展了针对黑猩猩的长期野生动物研究，故选B。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的开创性研究揭示了关于黑猩猩行为的惊人事实。A. pioneering开创性的；B. disturbing令人不安的；C. demanding苛求的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据下文“She saw them using tools to fish for ants. This that humans are not the only toolmakers.”可知，古道尔的研究发现了此前不为人知的黑猩猩行为，是具有开创性的，故选A。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这证明了人类并不是唯一会制造工具的物种。A. realized意识到；B. happened发生；C. doubted怀疑；D. proved证明。根据上文“She saw them using tools to fish for ants.”可知，古道尔亲眼看到黑猩猩使用工具捕食蚂蚁，这一发现用实际证据证明了人类并非唯一的工具制造者，故选D。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的研究还发现，黑猩猩过着群居生活。A. served服务；B. wanted想要；C. led过（某种生活）；D. followed跟随。根据下文“They cared for each other and made friends.”可知，黑猩猩之间互相照顾、结交朋友，这说明它们过着群居的生活，“lead social lives”为固定表达，意为“过群居生活”，故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些发现永远改变了人们看待这种动物的方式。A. described描述；B. changed改变；C. improved改善；D. designed设计。根据上文“Her work showed surprising facts about chimpanzees’ behavior.”以及黑猩猩会使用工具、过群居生活的发现可知，这些开创性的发现打破了人们对黑猩猩的固有认知，彻底改变了人们看待黑猩猩的方式，故选B。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：古道尔的发现让她闻名世界。A. famous著名的；B. rich富有的；C. particular特别的；D. ordinary普通的。根据下文“In 1965, the University of Cambridge gave her a PhD.”可知，古道尔的研究发现得到了学术界的认可，剑桥大学为她授予博士学位，这也让她在全球范围内变得知名，故选A。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的贡献远不止于她的发现。A. articles文章；B. descriptions描述；C. instructions指示；D. discoveries发现。根据下文“The Jane Goodall Institute, started in 1977, helps the homes of chimpanzees and supports sustainable development.”可知，古道尔除了在科研上有诸多发现，还创立机构开展保护黑猩猩、推动可持续发展的工作，她的贡献远超科研发现本身，故选D。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1977年成立的珍·古道尔研究所，帮助保护黑猩猩的栖息地，并支持可持续发展。A. prevent阻止；B. examine检查；C. protect保护；D. consider考虑。根据下文“the homes of chimpanzees”和语境可知，珍·古道尔研究所的核心使命之一就是保护黑猩猩的生存家园，故选C。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她于1991年发起的“根与芽”项目，如今惠及近100个国家的年轻人。A. matches匹配；B. reaches惠及、覆盖；C. introduces介绍；D. reminds提醒。根据下文“young people in nearly 100 countries”可知，“根与芽”项目的影响力遍布近100个国家，惠及了各地的年轻人，故选B。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该项目鼓励他们采取行动，帮助保护环境、动物和他们的社区。A. advises建议；B. requires要求；C. forces强迫；D. encourages鼓励。根据下文“to take action to help the environment, animals, and their communities”可知，“根与芽”项目以积极的方式引导年轻人参与环保和公益，鼓励他们采取行动，而非强制或单纯建议，故选D。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这些努力，古道尔的工作继续在世界各地产生着积极影响。A. efforts努力；B. goals目标；C. words话语；D. methods方法。根据上文创立珍·古道尔研究所、发起“根与芽”项目等举动可知，这些都是古道尔为保护动物、推动环保和可持续发展做出的努力，正是这些努力让她的工作持续影响世界，故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World-renowned physicist and Nobel laureate Yang Chen-Ning passed away in Beijing at 103. He and Tsung-Dao Lee proposed parity non-conservation in weak interactions, for which they____36____(award) the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first Chinese Nobel laureates. Yang’s remarkable academic journey began at China’s leading educational institutes.____37____(complete) his undergraduate studies at National Southwestern Associated University, Yang later earned his master’s degree from Tsinghua University, where his exceptional talent in theoretical physics began to shine. In 1945, he went to the US for____38____(far) studies and eventually became a professor at top universities. Yang made seminal contributions to physics. His “Yang-Mills theory” laid the____39____(found) for particle physics’ Standard Model,____40____significance is comparable to Maxwell’s equations and Einstein’s theory of general relativity. Attached to his homeland, he promoted China-US academic exchanges,____41____(strengthen) basic scientific research, founded key research institutes,____42____sponsored Chinese scholars. After returning to Tsinghua, Yang devoted himself to building the Institute for Advanced Study. He____43____(passionate) advocated for the development of basic disciplines and the cultivation of talents, which had a profound impact____44____. China’s higher education reform. His century-long life was a legend of exploring the unknown and devotion to his nation. As the obituary (讣告) noted, his journey is____45____eternal chapter that shines brightly in human history. 【答案】 36．were awarded 37．Having completed 38．further 39．foundation 40．whose 41．strengthened 42．and 43．passionately 44．on 45．an 【导语】本文是一篇人物介绍类说明文。文章介绍著名物理学家、诺贝尔奖获得者杨振宁的求学经历、重要学术贡献，以及他推动中美学术交流、基础科学研究和人才培养所作的贡献。 36．考查动词时态和语态。句意：他和李政道提出了弱相互作用中的宇称不守恒，为此他们被授予1957年诺贝尔物理学奖，成为首批获得诺贝尔奖的中国人。根据时间状语“in 1957”可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，they和award“授予，奖励”为被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为they，be动词用were。故填were awarded。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：杨振宁在国立西南联合大学完成本科学习后，又在清华大学获得硕士学位，他的理论物理天赋开始崭露头角。此处为非谓语动词，作状语，Yang和complete“完成”为主动关系，需用现在分词形式，且complete这个动作发生在earned之前，所以用现在分词的完成式having completed。句首单词，首字母需大写。故填Having completed。 38．考查形容词比较级。句意：1945年，他前往美国深造，最终成为顶尖大学的教授。此处表示“更进一步的学习”，需用far的比较级further。故填further。 39．考查名词。句意：他的“杨-米尔斯理论”为粒子物理学的标准模型奠定了基础，其重要性可与麦克斯韦方程和爱因斯坦的广义相对论相媲美。此处作lay的宾语，需用名词foundation，表示“基础”。故填foundation。 40．考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Yang-Mills theory”，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 41．考查动词时态。句意：他热爱祖国，推动中美学术交流，加强基础科学研究，创办重点研究机构，资助中国学者。本空和promoted、 founded、sponsored为并列关系，作谓语，本句描述过去的动作，时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式strengthened。故填strengthened。 42．考查连词。句意同上。promoted、 strengthened、founded、sponsored为并列关系，需用连词and连接。故填and。 43．考查副词。句意：他热情地倡导基础学科的发展和人才的培养，这对中国高等教育改革产生了深远影响。本空修饰动词advocated，需用副词passionately“热情地”，作状语。故填passionately。 44．考查介词。句意同上。have a profound impact on为固定短语，意为“对……产生深远影响”。故填on。 45．考查冠词。句意：正如讣告中所说，他的人生旅程是人类历史上闪耀的永恒篇章。chapter为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一篇不朽的篇章”，且eternal发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 第三节 词语运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据句意及首字母、中文提示，用所学单词的适当形式填空。（在答题卡上必须写出单词完整的正确形式，否则不给分） 46. Designing a weekly study plan was c________ at first, but it soon made Leo's school life more organized. 【答案】challenging 【解析】句意：起初，制定每周学习计划颇具挑战性，但它很快让Leo的校园生活更加有序。系动词was后用形容词challenging作表语。 47. Several students ________（自愿）to guide the new classmates around the campus yesterday. 【答案】volunteered 【解析】句意：昨天，几名学生自愿带新同学参观校园。yesterday提示一般过去时，使用volunteered。 48. Mia a________ her roommate's patient help when she was getting used to the new timetable. 【答案】appreciated 【解析】句意：Mia适应新课表时，很感激室友耐心的帮助。从句中的was表明叙述过去事件，主句使用一般过去时appreciated。 49. Extra reading materials are ________（可获得的）from the school library for students who want more practice. 【答案】available 【解析】句意：想进行更多练习的学生可以从学校图书馆获得额外阅读材料。系动词are后使用形容词available作表语。 50. The school's online map is c________ for students who need to find a classroom quickly. 【答案】convenient 【解析】句意：学校的在线地图方便需要快速找到教室的学生使用。系动词is后使用形容词convenient作表语。 51. With regular review, the class made steady ________（进步）in understanding longer English passages. 【答案】progress 【解析】句意：通过定期复习，全班在理解较长英语语篇方面取得了稳步进步。固定搭配make progress中使用不可数名词progress。 52. The English club gave Nora an o________ to practise speaking with exchange students. 【答案】opportunity 【解析】句意：英语社团给Nora提供了与交换生练习口语的机会。不定冠词an后使用单数名词opportunity。 53. Completing the first group project successfully gave Ben greater ________（信心）in communicating with others. 【答案】confidence 【解析】句意：成功完成第一个小组项目让Ben在与人交流方面更有信心。形容词greater修饰不可数名词confidence。 54. New students remained c________ about how the robotics lab worked after the short campus introduction. 【答案】curious 【解析】句意：校园简介结束后，新生仍然对机器人实验室的运作方式感到好奇。remain为系动词，后接形容词curious作表语。 55. Tom ________（道歉）to his partner after realizing that he had misunderstood her idea. 【答案】apologised 【解析】句意：Tom意识到自己误解了搭档的想法后向她道歉。after从句使用过去完成时，主句叙述随后发生的过去动作，使用apologised。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 56. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将于下个月举办以“Building a Harmonious Campus”为主题的文明月活动。请你写一封倡议书向校英语报投稿，内容包括： （1）校园文明建设的重要性； （2）呼吁大家积极参与该活动。 注意事项 ：写作词数应为 80 左右；可适当添加细节，使行文更为连贯。 （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你校将于下个月举办以“Building a Harmonious Campus”为主题的文明月活动这一情况，写一封倡议书向校英语报投稿。 【详解】 As the Student Union president, I’m glad to announce our school will hold a Civilization Month themed “Building a Harmonious Campus” next month. A harmonious campus is the cornerstone of our happy study and healthy growth. It not only provides a favorable learning environment but also helps us develop good virtues like respect and kindness. I sincerely call on everyone to participate actively. Let’s greet teachers politely, keep the campus clean, and support classmates in need. Every small act contributes to a better campus. Let’s work together for it! Students’ Union 【词汇积累】 build a harmonious campus 建设和谐校园 create a favorable learning environment 营造良好的学习环境 show respect and kindness 展现尊重与友善 keep the campus clean 保持校园整洁 support classmates in need 帮助有需要的同学 【高分句型】 A harmonious campus is the cornerstone of our happy study and healthy growth. 结构分析：主句采用主系表结构，主语A harmonious campus，系动词is，表语the cornerstone；of短语进一步说明和谐校园对学习与成长的重要意义。 亮点：cornerstone本义为“基石”，此处使用比喻，将和谐校园的重要性表达得具体有力；happy study与healthy growth构成并列。 It not only provides a favorable learning environment but also helps us develop good virtues like respect and kindness. 结构分析：not only...but also...连接两个并列谓语provides和helps；helps后接宾语us及不带to的不定式develop，like引出美德的具体例子。 亮点：not only...but also...使两个作用层次清楚；favorable learning environment和develop good virtues兼顾学习环境与品德成长。 Every small act contributes to a better campus. Let’s work together for it! 结构分析：第一句为主谓结构，contributes to表示“促成”；第二句使用Let’s引导祈使句，直接向全体同学发出共同参与的倡议。 亮点：Every small act强调个人微小行动的累积价值，随后用Let’s...增强号召力，适合作为倡议书结尾。 第二节（满分25分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Money was always a problem in Jack’s family. His father worked two jobs, and his mother worked night shifts at a nearby hospital. They never complained about money in front of him. Still, Jack could see the bills piling up like autumn leaves on the kitchen table. At school, when other kids talked about holiday trips and new smart phones, Jack just smiled and never said a word. He already had his own secret wealth: books. He was the first to finish reading tasks and the first to ask the librarian if any new novels had arrived. Every afternoon, after finishing his chores, Jack would make his way to Bright Pages, the biggest bookstore in town. It was a warm, quiet place that smelled of paper and coffee. The owner, Mr. Reed, never minded Jack sitting in the corner for hours, reading without buying a single thing. Then one day, his teacher made an announcement. “Everyone needs a copy of The Lost Treasure,” she said. “It is a classic. We will read it together next month.” Jack’s heart sank. He hurried to the school library, only to be told that all copies had been taken. That Saturday, Jack went to Bright Pages like always. He just wanted to forget about it for a while. There, on the new arrivals shelf sat a book with a dark blue cover and silver letters spelling out The Lost Treasure. Jack’s breath caught. He picked it up carefully, as if it were made of glass. He turned to the back cover and saw the price: 50 dollars. It might mean a thousand to him. His shoulders fell. He put the book back, but his fingers stayed on it. 注意： 1.续写词数应为130左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A thought flashed through his mind. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ As promised, Jack came and helped out every afternoon. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【导语】本文讲述学生面对意外情况和内心冲突，在作出选择、承担责任并付诸行动的过程中获得成长。 【详解】 A thought flashed through his mind. He wanted to ask Mr. Reed if he could work part-time in the bookstore to earn the book. He walked up to the owner nervously and told him his trouble. Mr. Reed smiled softly after hearing his story. He said he needed a helper to tidy books and clean the reading corner every afternoon. If Jack came to help after school, he would give him the novel as payment. Jack jumped with joy and agreed at once.Paragraph 2 As promised, Jack came and helped out every afternoon. He sorted books neatly, wiped tables and kept the whole store tidy. Every day he stole a little time to read a few pages of The Lost Treasure. Weeks later, Mr. Reed handed the blue-covered book to Jack. Holding his own book tightly, Jack realized that hard work could bring him the treasure he longed for. This special book taught him the true value of effort and patience forever. 【词汇积累】 take responsibility 承担责任 make a difficult choice 作出艰难选择 learn from the experience 从经历中学习 【高分句型】 He finally understood that taking responsibility was more important than avoiding a mistake. 结构分析：主干为He understood，that引导宾语从句；从句中两个动名词短语taking responsibility和avoiding a mistake构成比较。 亮点：通过more important than的对比结构点明人物认识的转变，深化成长与担当的主题。 ！1 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高二英语上学期开学模拟卷（一） 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：130分） 注意事项 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Medical Scientists Who Changed the World Alexander Fleming(1881-1955) Scottish scientist Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928. After returning from vacation, he noticed that mold in a petri dish had killed bacteria. This accidental discovery led to the development of antibiotics(抗生素), which have saved millions of lives since then. During World War II, penicillin was widely used to treat wounded soldiers and became known as a “wonder drug”. Fleming received the Nobel Prize in 1945 for his important work.Louis Pasteur(1822-1895) This French chemist proved that germs cause disease, changing our understanding of illness. He developed vaccines for rabies and anthrax, helping to prevent deadly infections. His pasteurization process, which kills harmful bacteria in milk and wine by heating them, is still used worldwide today. Pasteur’s germ theory laid the foundation for modern microbiology and changed how doctors treat patients. John Snow(1813-1858) English doctor Snow helped stop a deadly cholera outbreak in London in 1854. By carefully mapping cases on a street map, he proved that polluted water from a public pump spread the disease, not the popular belief of “bad air”. His work founded modern epidemiology(流行病学) — the study of how diseases spread — and led to major improvements in public health systems. Tu Youyou(1930 present) Inspired by traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou discovered artemisinin in the 1970s. After testing over 2,000 traditional recipes, she finally found a treatment for malaria(疟疾) in sweet wormwood. This drug has saved millions of lives in developing countries, especially in Africa. In 2015, she became the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, bringing traditional medicine into modern science. 1. What do Alexander Fleming and Tu Youyou have in common? A. Both discovered antibiotics by accident. B. Both worked mainly during World War II. C. Both won the Nobel Prize for their work. D. Both studied traditional Chinese medicine. 2. What can be inferred from the text? A. Tu Youyou’s research was inspired by Louis Pasteur’s work. B. John Snow’s method helped establish a new field of medical study. C. Louis Pasteur’s theory mainly influenced the treatment of malaria. D. Alexander Fleming’s discovery was based on years of planned experiments. 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To compare traditional and modern medical approaches. B. To prove that accidents are important in medical research. C. To explain how Nobel Prize winners made their discoveries. D. To show how scientific contributions have improved global health. B Chen Zhu, a Chinese hematologist (血液学家), received the 2026 Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine on May 27. For him, true achievements don’t come from seeking awards. His drive comes from somewhere deeper. Born in Jiangsu in 1953, he lived a tough life and began learning medicine on his own as a young man, later becoming a village doctor. His deep wish to help others pushed him to receive formal medical training. Later, he went to France for further research, where he deepened his knowledge of medical science. Chen Zhu’s greatest contribution is in the fight against acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a deadly blood cancer. In the past most APL patients died within weeks. The standard treatment often harmed healthy parts along with cancerous ones, leaving patients too weak to survive. As a result, the five-year survival rate was only between 35% and 45%. Inspired by traditional Chinese medicine, which uses a dangerous material called arsenic (砷) to treat certain diseases, Chen Zhu and his team developed a targeted treatment. They combined (结合) arsenic with a Western drug. The result was amazing: the new treatment could cure over 90% of APL patients. “Chinese and Western medicine are not enemies,” Chen says. “They can learn from each other.” Some experts doubted his idea at first, but Chen stood his ground. “It takes time and courage,” he explains. “You have to believe in what you do.” Over time, more scientists came to support him, and the treatment — now called the “Shanghai Program” — has been applied in hospitals across the world. When receiving the Shaw Prize, he said, “This honor belongs to every researcher who believes in saving lives above all else.” From Tu Youyou’s artemisinin to Chen Zhu’s APL cure, Chinese scientists have once again shown the world the power of bringing together tradition with new ideas. 4. What mainly drove Chen Zhu to achieve success in medicine? A. Desire to help those who suffer. B. Pressure from his early difficult life. C. Encouragement of the French research team. D. The hope of winning international recognition. 5. What was the problem with past APL treatment? A. It was too painful for most patients. B. Patients died too quickly after treatment. C. It had a success rate of only 35% to 45%. D. It hurt healthy parts while killing cancer. 6. How did Chen Zhu develop the new APL treatment? A. By integrating arsenic with a Western medicine. B. By comparing Western drugs with Chinese medicine. C. By further developing medical technology in France. D. By inventing a new drug out of traditional materials. 7. What does the underlined phrase “stood his ground” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Referred to experts actively. B. Stuck to his opinion firmly. C. Took in others’ idea wisely. D. Admitted his limitation bravely. C Soil, often taken for granted, is emerging as a powerful tool in the fight against climate change. A growing number of farmers around Europe are turning to regenerative farming to improve soil health and earn extra income by selling soil carbon credits. Modern farming practices, including continuous heavy ploughing (耕地) and overuse of chemical fertilizers (肥料), have seriously damaged soil structure and released large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. In contrast, regenerative agriculture helps soil absorb and store CO₂, a major greenhouse gas, while also improving soil fertility. Thomas Gent and his family run an 800-hectare (公顷) farm on the border of Cambridgeshire and Lincolnshire. They stopped ploughing entirely 17 years ago and now grow grass alongside main crops. The improved soil structure allows rainwater to drain (流走) naturally and supports healthier plant growth. “The soil is the foundation of everything we do,” Gent says. “If we look after it, it looks after us.” Companies like AgreenaCarbon specialize in measuring and confirming carbon stored in soil. Farmers receive tradable carbon credits, each representing one ton of CO₂ locked away in the soil. They can earn between £ 200 and £300 per hectare per year by selling these credits, creating a reliable extra income stream that supports their switch to greener farming methods. The soil carbon credit market is still in its early stage but expanding fast across Europe, with more than 16,000 farmers in 16 countries having joined such programmes, covering over 1.6 million hectares of land. Critics warn that the voluntary carbon market risks greenwashing if projects are not strictly monitored and checked. However, supporters believe soil carbon projects bring multiple environmental and economic benefits: better soil health, higher biodiversity, less soil erosion (侵蚀) and measurable climate action. For forward-thinking farmers, adopting regenerative farming and participating in carbon credit programs is not just environmentally responsible — it is also economically rewarding, ensuring the long-term sustainability of their farms. 8. What is the aim of regenerative farming? A. To increase agricultural production. B. To improve soil health. C. To reduce the farming cost. D. To prevent extreme weather. 9. What can be learned about Thomas Gent’s farm? A. It is the largest carbon farm in Europe. B. It depends heavily on chemical fertilizers. C. It has given up traditional ploughing for years. D. It earns most of its income from carbon credits. 10. What’s the main idea of paragraph 3? A. Extra incomes of European farmers. B. Development of soil carbon credit market. C. Popularity of greener farming methods. D. Functions of soil carbon storage companies. 11. What can be inferred about the soil carbon credit market? A. It is strictly monitored globally. B. It disturbs traditional market. C. It mainly serves large enterprises. D. It faces both support and criticism. D Normal cement (水泥) tends to absorb infrared radiation (红外线) from the sun and store it as heat, which can increase the temperature inside cement buildings as well as that of the surrounding air. So Fengyin Du, then at Southeast University in Nanjing, China, and her colleagues decided to address this by creating a new cement in which tiny reflective crystals of a mineral collect on the surface. The team’s cement emits infrared light from its surface, rather than storing it, and so loses heat quickly. “It works like a mirror and a radiator, so it can reflect sunlight away and send heat out into the sky, so a building can stay cooler without any air conditioning or electricity,” says Du. In the laboratory, the researchers first produce tiny balls from common minerals like limestone and gypsum. These are ground to dust and mixed with water before being poured into a silicone mould (硅胶模具) covered in small holes. Air bubbles passing through the holes create slight depressions in the cement’s surface, where the reflective crystals can then grow, while an aluminium-rich substance in the set cement lets infrared light pass through the material. Economically, this new cement holds an advantage, costing $5 per tonne less than normal cement, as Du notes its production requires lower temperatures. Du and her team tested how their cement kept cool on a hot roof at Purdue University in Indiana, which jointly hosted Du’s PhD project, finding that the surface temperature was 5.4℃ lower than the air and 26℃ lower than the normal cement. “It’s a useful material,” says Oscar Brousse at University College London. “You increase the reflective capacity as well as increasing the emissivity, so any energy that is captured or conducted to the material is emitted efficiently back.” However, measuring only the surface temperature of the material doesn’t tell us how it will perform in the real world, says Brousse, so it should undergo further testing. “It doesn’t mean that because the surface is 5℃ lower, that the air temperature will be 5℃ lower around it. The effect locally may be greatly limited.” 12. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. The rising indoor temperature. B. The absorbed infrared radiation. C. The heat storage of normal cement. D. The use of reflective mineral crystals. 13. How does the new cement achieve cooling effect? A. It reflects sunlight and emits heat. B. It lets cool air into minerals. C. It locks infrared with air bubbles. D. It creates pressure on the surface. 14. What is the strength of the new cement? A. Replacing air conditioning. B. Reducing air temperature. C. Working best on Indiana roofs. D. Lowering production cost. 15. What is Brousse’s attitude towards the new cement? A. Objective. B. Indifferent. C. Pessimistic. D. Disapproving. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Make Eye Contact Making eye contact can be tricky, especially if you are shy, or nervous. But good eye-contact is important for building trust and engaging an audience.____16____ Turning your shoulders and head to face the other person’s eyes. Opening up your body to the other person helps to tell him you are listening, engaged, and ready to communicate.____17____Position yourself a few feet away from the other person’s face, which ensures a respectful distance while still maintaining a sense of closeness. Choosing a focal point near the eyes. Most commonly, this is one of the other person’s eyes. But if you do feel uncomfortable, you can also avoid their eyes in a wise way.____18____You can also choose to look under or above the eyes, or at a certain point around the ear. Bear in mind that maintaining eye contact with the help of an appropriate focal point is an effective way to show sincerity. ____19____ Think of how you would look at a painting or great view — you are not focusing intently on them, but instead looking at them gently. So, relax your gaze (注视) by breathing slowly as you make gentle eye-contact and nodding occasionally while you listen. Breaking eye contact briefly every 5-15 seconds. ____20____While you don’t need to count the seconds, you should look away every once in a while to keep the conversation light and easy, but only for a few seconds. Some casual ways to do so include: laughing, nodding, and acknowledging the other person; looking at the sky; looking off to the side briefly, as if remembering something or running your hands through your hair. A. Making gentle eye-contact. B. Looking between their eyes is a good choice. C. It also makes eye contact more natural to maintain. D. Below are the reasons why you should make eye contact. E. Avoiding hesitant eye contact in a formal and important meeting. F. Too much eye-contact can be as uncomfortable as none at all. G. All it takes is a little practice to confidently hold someone’s gaze. 第二部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Born in 1934, in London, Jane Goodall dreamed of studying wildlife in Africa from an early age. Her____21____came in 1957 when she was invited to visit a friend’s family farm in Kenya. There, she____22____Dr. Louis Leakey, a scientist studying human development in Africa.____23____by her interest, Leakey asked Goodall to study chimpanzees (黑猩猩) at the Gombe Stream Game Reserve in Tanzania. She readily____24____. In 1960, at age 26, Goodall set up a camp at Gombe, where she spent the next 60 years,____25____one of the longest continuous wildlife studies in history. Her____26____work showed surprising facts about chimpanzees’ behavior. She saw them using tools to fish for ants. This____27____that humans are not the only toolmakers. Her research also found that chimpanzees____28____social lives. They cared for each other and made friends. These discoveries____29____how people saw the animals forever. Goodall’s findings made her____30____around the world. In 1965, the University of Cambridge gave her a PhD．Her gift goes far beyond her____31____. The Jane Goodall Institute, started in 1977, helps____32____the homes of chimpanzees and supports sustainable (持续的) development. Her Roots & Shoots program, started in 1991, now____33____young people in nearly 100 countries. It____34____them to take action to help the environment, animals, and their communities. Through these____35____, Goodall’s work continues to make a difference around the world. 21. A. plan B. chance C. turn D. reason 22. A. came across B. passed by C. got through D. ran over 23. A. Challenged B. Shocked C. Puzzled D. Struck 24. A. returned B. discovered C. agreed D. explained 25. A. finding out B. carrying out C. pointing out D. calling out 26. A. pioneering B. disturbing C. demanding D. exciting 27. A. realized B. happened C. doubted D. proved 28. A. served B. wanted C. led D. followed 29. A. described B. changed C. improved D. designed 30. A. famous B. rich C. particular D. ordinary 31. A. articles B. descriptions C. instructions D. discoveries 32. A. prevent B. examine C. protect D. consider 33. A. matches B. reaches C. introduces D. reminds 34. A. advises B. requires C. forces D. encourages 35. A. efforts B. goals C. words D. methods 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World-renowned physicist and Nobel laureate Yang Chen-Ning passed away in Beijing at 103. He and Tsung-Dao Lee proposed parity non-conservation in weak interactions, for which they____36____(award) the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first Chinese Nobel laureates. Yang’s remarkable academic journey began at China’s leading educational institutes.____37____(complete) his undergraduate studies at National Southwestern Associated University, Yang later earned his master’s degree from Tsinghua University, where his exceptional talent in theoretical physics began to shine. In 1945, he went to the US for____38____(far) studies and eventually became a professor at top universities. Yang made seminal contributions to physics. His “Yang-Mills theory” laid the____39____(found) for particle physics’ Standard Model,____40____significance is comparable to Maxwell’s equations and Einstein’s theory of general relativity. Attached to his homeland, he promoted China-US academic exchanges,____41____(strengthen) basic scientific research, founded key research institutes,____42____sponsored Chinese scholars. After returning to Tsinghua, Yang devoted himself to building the Institute for Advanced Study. He____43____(passionate) advocated for the development of basic disciplines and the cultivation of talents, which had a profound impact____44____. China’s higher education reform. His century-long life was a legend of exploring the unknown and devotion to his nation. As the obituary (讣告) noted, his journey is____45____eternal chapter that shines brightly in human history. 第三节 词语运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据句意及首字母、中文提示，用所学单词的适当形式填空。（在答题卡上必须写出单词完整的正确形式，否则不给分） 46. Designing a weekly study plan was c________ at first, but it soon made Leo's school life more organized. 47. Several students ________（自愿）to guide the new classmates around the campus yesterday. 48. Mia a________ her roommate's patient help when she was getting used to the new timetable. 49. Extra reading materials are ________（可获得的）from the school library for students who want more practice. 50. The school's online map is c________ for students who need to find a classroom quickly. 51. With regular review, the class made steady ________（进步）in understanding longer English passages. 52. The English club gave Nora an o________ to practise speaking with exchange students. 53. Completing the first group project successfully gave Ben greater ________（信心）in communicating with others. 54. New students remained c________ about how the robotics lab worked after the short campus introduction. 55. Tom ________（道歉）to his partner after realizing that he had misunderstood her idea. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 56. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将于下个月举办以“Building a Harmonious Campus”为主题的文明月活动。请你写一封倡议书向校英语报投稿，内容包括： （1）校园文明建设的重要性； （2）呼吁大家积极参与该活动。 注意事项 ：写作词数应为 80 左右；可适当添加细节，使行文更为连贯。 （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 第二节（满分25分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Money was always a problem in Jack’s family. His father worked two jobs, and his mother worked night shifts at a nearby hospital. They never complained about money in front of him. Still, Jack could see the bills piling up like autumn leaves on the kitchen table. At school, when other kids talked about holiday trips and new smart phones, Jack just smiled and never said a word. He already had his own secret wealth: books. He was the first to finish reading tasks and the first to ask the librarian if any new novels had arrived. Every afternoon, after finishing his chores, Jack would make his way to Bright Pages, the biggest bookstore in town. It was a warm, quiet place that smelled of paper and coffee. The owner, Mr. Reed, never minded Jack sitting in the corner for hours, reading without buying a single thing. Then one day, his teacher made an announcement. “Everyone needs a copy of The Lost Treasure,” she said. “It is a classic. We will read it together next month.” Jack’s heart sank. He hurried to the school library, only to be told that all copies had been taken. That Saturday, Jack went to Bright Pages like always. He just wanted to forget about it for a while. There, on the new arrivals shelf sat a book with a dark blue cover and silver letters spelling out The Lost Treasure. Jack’s breath caught. He picked it up carefully, as if it were made of glass. He turned to the back cover and saw the price: 50 dollars. It might mean a thousand to him. His shoulders fell. He put the book back, but his fingers stayed on it. 注意： 1.续写词数应为130左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A thought flashed through his mind. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ As promised, Jack came and helped out every afternoon. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ！/ 101/ 10 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $