Unit 3 课时5 Grammar in Use（分层作业）英语新教材仁爱科普版九年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 2语法同步练，通过A/B/C组分层设计，实现从词汇基础到语篇综合的进阶，适配新授课巩固需求，兼顾思维品质与语言能力培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|核心词汇、基础语法|词汇默写、单词适当形式填空，直接强化知识点记忆| |B组|句型应用、语篇理解|完成句子、完形填空，衔接基础与综合能力| |C组|篇章分析、信息提取|选词填空、任务型阅读，深化思维拔高与中考链接|

Unit 3 Great Ideas 课时5 Grammar in Use分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. broaden v.增长；变宽；变阔 2. woolen adj.羊毛的；毛线的 3. sharp adj.锋利的;尖锐的 4. passport n.护照 5. airplane n.飞机 6 .be difficult to do sth做某事很困难 7 . broaden one's minds开阔眼界 8 .improve quality 提升质量 9 . need to do sth需要做某事 10 .by hand 手动 11 .wake up 叫醒 12 . stay up late熬夜 13 . model rocket 火箭 模型 14 .come up出现；产生 15 .keep sb / sth from doing sth 阻止某人做 16 . all over the w orld 全世界 句型 1. In the old days, stone was difficult to transport,so many wooden houses were built. 古时候，石头很难运输，所以人们建造了许多木屋。 2. At first,Chinese people used wooden boards to print books.起初，中国人用木板来印刷书籍。 3. When sky began to darken, sailors had to depend on stars to find the right direction. 当天空开始变暗时，水手们不得不依靠星星来辨别正确的方向。 4. I like this invention.In the past,pencils were sharpened by hand,but now pencils can be made sharp by using a small tool. 我喜欢这项发明。过去铅笔都是用手削，而现在可以用一个小工具把铅笔削尖。 5. I was woken up by my mom too early this morning.今天早上我被妈妈叫醒得太早了。 6. It was made for the model rocket show this Sunday.这是为本周日的火箭模型展制作的。 7. He first tried to find a practical use for them,but nothing c ame up.他起初努力想为它们找到实际用途，但一无所获。 ) 一、词汇默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.broaden 2.woolen 3.sharp 4.passport 5.airplane 6.be difficult to do sth 7. broaden one's minds 8.improve quality 9. need to do sth 10.by hand 11.wake up 12. stay up late 13. model rocket 14.come up 15.keep sb/sth from doing sth 16. all over the world 二、用所给单词适当形式填空 1.is tidied 2．were praised 3．connected 4．were sold 5．said 6．was discovered 7．are influenced 8．was chosen 9．translated 10．sharpened 三、完成句子 1．enrich 2．woken 3．wooden 4．broaden 5． put out 6．divided 7．was asked by 8．called/known as 9． built purpose 10． who came up with 4、 单项选择 1-5 DDBDC 6-10 BCBCC 一、完形填空 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 二、阅读理解 A 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C B 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 三、补全对话 1．Who is he 2．When and where was he born 3．What did he teach people 4．Are his sayings still important today 5 ．He is really a great thinker 一、选词填空 1．great 2．ancient 3．philosopher 4．wisdom 5．influence 6．speech 7．discovery 8．invention 9．inspiration 10．successful 11．leader 12．Besides 13．creatively 14．truth 15．development 二、任务型阅读 1． T 2．F 3．T 4．F 5．T 6．Bi Sheng. 7．Slow and expensive. 8．It wasted wooden boards. 9．The characters. 10．In the 1th century. $Unit 3 Great Ideas 课时5 Grammar in Use分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. broaden v.增长；变宽；变阔 2. woolen adj.羊毛的；毛线的 3. sharp adj.锋利的;尖锐的 4. passport n.护照 5. airplane n.飞机 6 .be difficult to do sth做某事很困难 7 . broaden one's minds开阔眼界 8 .improve quality 提升质量 9 . need to do sth需要做某事 10 .by hand 手动 11 .wake up 叫醒 12 . stay up late熬夜 13 . model rocket 火箭 模型 14 .come up出现；产生 15 .keep sb / sth from doing sth 阻止某人做 16 . all over the w orld 全世界 句型 1. In the old days, stone was difficult to transport,so many wooden houses were built. 古时候，石头很难运输，所以人们建造了许多木屋。 2. At first,Chinese people used wooden boards to print books.起初，中国人用木板来印刷书籍。 3. When sky began to darken, sailors had to depend on stars to find the right direction. 当天空开始变暗时，水手们不得不依靠星星来辨别正确的方向。 4. I like this invention.In the past,pencils were sharpened by hand,but now pencils can be made sharp by using a small tool. 我喜欢这项发明。过去铅笔都是用手削，而现在可以用一个小工具把铅笔削尖。 5. I was woken up by my mom too early this morning.今天早上我被妈妈叫醒得太早了。 6. It was made for the model rocket show this Sunday.这是为本周日的火箭模型展制作的。 7. He first tried to find a practical use for them,but nothing c ame up.他起初努力想为它们找到实际用途，但一无所获。 ) 一、词汇默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.________________ v.增长；变宽；变阔 2.________________adj.羊毛的；毛线的 3.________________ adj.锋利的;尖锐的 4.________________ n.护照 5.________________ n.飞机 6.____________________________做某事很困难 7. ____________________________开阔眼界 8.____________________________ 提升质量 9. ____________________________需要做某事 10.____________________________手动 11.____________________________ 叫醒 12. ____________________________熬夜 13. ____________________________火箭模型 14.____________________________出现；产生 15.____________________________ 阻止某人做 16. ____________________________全世界 二、用所给单词适当形式填空 1．—Mom, may I use your mobile phone to play games for a short while? —Not until your room ________ (tidy) up. 2．All the players ________ (praise) highly for fighting hard for their hometowns during the match. 3．In fact, people from the 13 cities of Jiangsu are ________ (connect) closely by this event. 4．The tickets ________ (sell) out in a second whenever there was a match. 5．It’s ________ (say) that the pianist will come to our city next week. 6．People believe that tea ________ (discover) and drunk thousands of years ago. 7．With the development of the society, we ________ (influence) a lot by modern media, such as Douyin and Kuaishou. 8．Daming ________ (choose) for the school basketball team yesterday. 9．The book was ________(translate) into many other languages last year. 10．Pencils can be _________ (sharp) by using a small tool. 三、完成句子 1．如果你想发明一些东西，你需要丰富你的知识面。 If you want to invent something, you need to _________ your knowledge. 2．我是今天早上被妈妈太早叫醒的。 I was _________ up by my mom too early this morning. 3．在旧时代，石头很难运输，所以建造了许多木屋。 In the old days, stone was difficult to transport, so many _________ houses were built. 4．电视可以丰富人们的生活，拓宽人们的视野。 Television can enrich people’s lives and _________ their minds. 5．在消防员们的帮助下，那场大火最终被扑灭了。 With the help of the firemen, that big fire was finally ________ ________. 6．在开始之前，我们被老师分成了六组。 Before we start, we are ____________ into six groups by our teacher. 7．有一次，老师要求他背诵《蜀道难》。 Once, he ________________ his teacher to recite the Difficult Road to Shu. 8．宝鸡被称为“青铜器之乡”。 Baoji is ________________ the “Land of Bronze Ware”. 9．石头阵建于许多世纪前，这些巨石有着医疗方面的目的。 Stonehenge was ________ many centuries ago and the huge stones have a medical ________. 10．那个想出这个绝妙主意的男孩是我们班的班长。 The boy ________ ________ ________ ________ this brilliant idea is our class monitor. 四、单项选择 1．— Can he get the first prize in the race? — He ________ so, but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now. A．expect to do B．was expected doing C．has expected doing D．was expected to do 2．The passport _________ in the Lost and Found yesterday. A．discover B．discovered C．is discovered D．was discovered 3．Pencils can be ________ by using a small tool. A．sharpen B．sharpened C．sharp D．sharper 4．We need to _________ our knowledge to create new things. A．broad B．broadens C．broadened D．broaden 5．I _________ by my mom too early this morning. A．woken up B．woke up C．was woken up D．am woken up 6．—How spectacular (壮观的) the military parade (阅兵) on September 3rd, 2025 was! —Yes, every soldier ________ strictly to make it successful. A．is trained B．was trained C．are trained D．were trained 7．A lot of useful notebooks ________ from reused waste paper in our city last year. A．produce B．are produced C．were produced D．will be produced 8．—Do you know when the film ________? —Yes, in 1895. A．invented B．was invented C．is invented D．invent 9．Du Fu was a great poet. His strong love for his country________ in his poems. A．reflected B．will reflect C．was reflected D．will be reflected 10．It’s reported that a hanfu show_______ in the Museum of History next week. A．is held B．was held C．will be held D．has been held 一、完形填空 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Post-it notes 1 in 1968 by Dr. Spencer Silver. He first tried to find a 2 use for them, but nothing came up. In 1974, Art Fry then 3 a good use of them. While people were singing, the post-it notes 4 to keep the pages from falling out. These notes worked 5 magic! In 1977, post-it notes first appeared on the market and they 6 a great success. Now, post-it notes 7 all over the world. They are simple 8 brilliant. The invention shows that sometimes the 9 ideas can be the most useful. People 10 use them in offices, schools and homes every day. 1．A．invent B．invented C．were invented D．are invented 2．A．practical B．expensive C．difficult D．strange 3．A．invented B．found C．created D．made 4．A．use B．used C．were used D．are used 5．A．as B．like C．for D．with 6．A．became B．become C．were become D．are become 7．A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 8．A．and B．but C．or D．so 9．A．simplest B．most simple C．simpler D．more simple 10．A．seldom B．never C．always D．hardly 二、阅读理解 A The Invention of Post-it Notes Post-it notes are one of the most useful inventions in our daily life. They were invented in 1968 by Dr. Spencer Silver, who worked for 3M Company. He first tried to find a practical use for them, but nothing came up. In 1974, Art Fry, another 3M scientist, found a good use for them. He used the notes to keep the pages from falling out while people were singing. The notes worked like magic! In 1977, post-it notes first appeared on the market and they became a great success. Today, post-it notes are used all over the world. They are a simple but brilliant invention. 1．When were Post-it notes invented? A．In 1974. B．In 1977. C．In 1968. D．In 1903. 2．Who invented Post-it notes? A．Art Fry. B．Dr. Spencer Silver. C．The Wright brothers. D．George Crum. 3．Who found a good use for Post-it notes? A．Art Fry. B．Dr. Spencer Silver. C．The author. D．The 3M Company. 4．What were Post-it notes first used for? A．Writing notes. B．Keeping pages from falling out. C．Making books. D．Singing songs. 5．Where are Post-it notes used today? A．Only in the US. B．Only in offices. C．All over the world. D．In schools only. B Great Inventions in History Many great inventions were created by people who wanted to make life better. The airplane was invented by the Wright brothers in 1903. It changed the way people travel. Potato chips were invented by George Crum in 1853. They were created by accident when a customer complained about thick fries. Post-it notes were invented by Dr. Spencer Silver in 1968. But they were not widely used until Art Fry found a good use for them in 1974. The light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison and it makes the world bright at night. These inventions show how creativity and hard work can lead to great discoveries. Many of them are still used today and have made our lives easier. 6．When was the airplane invented? A．In 1853. B．In 1903. C．In 1968. D．In 1974. 7．Who invented the airplane? A．George Crum. B．Thomas Edison. C．Dr. Spencer Silver. D．The Wright brothers. 8．How were potato chips invented? A．By accident. B．By design. C．By a customer. D．By a chef. 9．When were Post-it notes widely used? A．In 1968. B．In 1974. C．In 1977. D．In 1853. 10．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The history of great inventions. B．The Wright brothers and Edison. C．How inventions were created and used. D．Different useful things in daily life. 三、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个恰当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Do you know Confucius? B: Confucius? 1 ? A: He is a great ancient Chinese philosopher. His thoughts influence people all over the world. B: That’s interesting! 2 ? A: He was born in 1 BC in Shandong Province. B: 3 ? A: He mainly taught people about kindness, respect and wisdom. B: 4 ? A: Yes, many of his sayings are still used in our daily life. B: 5 . We should learn from his wisdom to become better people. 一、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 great, ancient, philosopher, wisdom, influence, speech, discovery, invention, inspiration, successful, leader, besides, creative, truth, development There are many 1 thinkers in human history. Confucius, an 2 Chinese 3 , is famous for his great 4 . His thoughts have a deep 5 on Chinese culture and people’s daily lives. Today I want to give a short 6 about Albert Einstein. His 7 of the theory of relativity shocked the world. This amazing 8 opened a new door for scientific research. His work brought 9 to thousands of scientists around the world. Einstein was not only a 10 scientist but also a good 11 for young people. 12 his scientific work, he encouraged people to think 13 and explore the 14 of the universe. His story shows that with hard work and continuous 15 , everyone can achieve something meaningful. 二、任务型阅读 阅读下面的短文，先判断正误，再回答问题。 The History of Printing Printing is one of the most important inventions in history. Before printing, books were made by hand. This process was slow and expensive. In China, block printing was first used. It made it easier to produce books. However, it wasted many wooden boards. Then Bi Sheng invented movable type printing in the Northern Song Dynasty. He made characters on special clay pieces that could be reused. This invention changed the way books were made. Later, the technology spread to other parts of the world. In the 1th century, Johannes Gutenberg improved printing with his printing press. This made books cheaper and more available. As a result, more people could read and learn. Part A: 判断正误（正确写T，错误写F） 1．Printing is one of the most important inventions in history. 2．Books were made by hand before printing, which was fast and cheap. 3．Block printing wasted many wooden boards. 4．Movable type printing was invented in the Eastern Han Dynasty. 5．Gutenberg’s printing press made books cheaper and more available. Part B: 根据短文回答问题（每题答案不超过6个单词） 6．Who invented movable type printing? 7．What was the process like before printing? 8．What was the problem with block printing? 9．What could be reused in movable type printing? 10．When did Gutenberg improve printing? $Unit 3 Great Ideas 课时5 Grammar in Use分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. broaden v.增长；变宽；变阔 2. woolen adj.羊毛的；毛线的 3. sharp adj.锋利的;尖锐的 4. passport n.护照 5. airplane n.飞机 6 .be difficult to do sth做某事很困难 7 . broaden one's minds开阔眼界 8 .improve quality 提升质量 9 . need to do sth需要做某事 10 .by hand 手动 11 .wake up 叫醒 12 . stay up late熬夜 13 . model rocket 火箭 模型 14 .come up出现；产生 15 .keep sb / sth from doing sth 阻止某人做 16 . all over the w orld 全世界 句型 1. In the old days, stone was difficult to transport,so many wooden houses were built. 古时候，石头很难运输，所以人们建造了许多木屋。 2. At first,Chinese people used wooden boards to print books.起初，中国人用木板来印刷书籍。 3. When sky began to darken, sailors had to depend on stars to find the right direction. 当天空开始变暗时，水手们不得不依靠星星来辨别正确的方向。 4. I like this invention.In the past,pencils were sharpened by hand,but now pencils can be made sharp by using a small tool. 我喜欢这项发明。过去铅笔都是用手削，而现在可以用一个小工具把铅笔削尖。 5. I was woken up by my mom too early this morning.今天早上我被妈妈叫醒得太早了。 6. It was made for the model rocket show this Sunday.这是为本周日的火箭模型展制作的。 7. He first tried to find a practical use for them,but nothing c ame up.他起初努力想为它们找到实际用途，但一无所获。 ) 一、词汇默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.________________ v.增长；变宽；变阔 2.________________adj.羊毛的；毛线的 3.________________ adj.锋利的;尖锐的 4.________________ n.护照 5.________________ n.飞机 6.____________________________做某事很困难 7. ____________________________开阔眼界 8.____________________________ 提升质量 9. ____________________________需要做某事 10.____________________________手动 11.____________________________ 叫醒 12. ____________________________熬夜 13. ____________________________火箭模型 14.____________________________出现；产生 15.____________________________ 阻止某人做 16. ____________________________全世界 【答案】 1.broaden 2.woolen 3.sharp 4.passport 5.airplane 6.be difficult to do sth 7. broaden one's minds 8.improve quality 9. need to do sth 10.by hand 11.wake up 12. stay up late 13. model rocket 14.come up 15.keep sb/sth from doing sth 16. all over the world 二、用所给单词适当形式填空 1．—Mom, may I use your mobile phone to play games for a short while? —Not until your room ________ (tidy) up. 【答案】is tidied 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以用你的手机玩一会儿游戏吗？——直到你的房间被整理好才行。“Not until”引导时间状语从句，从句应用一般现在时表将来。主语“your room”与动词“tidy up”之间为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态“is tidied”。故填is tidied。 2．All the players ________ (praise) highly for fighting hard for their hometowns during the match. 【答案】were praised 【详解】句意：所有运动员在比赛期间为家乡奋力拼搏，因此受到高度赞扬。主语“players”和谓语动词“praise（表扬）”之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，比赛属于过去发生的事，用一般过去时被动语态were/was+过去分词，praise过去分词为praised，主语为复数，故填were praised。 3．In fact, people from the 13 cities of Jiangsu are ________ (connect) closely by this event. 【答案】connected 【详解】句意：事实上，这场赛事把江苏13个城市的人们紧密联系在了一起。主语people和动词connect之间是被动关系，被动语态结构为“be + 过去分词”，connect的过去分词形式是connected。 4．The tickets ________ (sell) out in a second whenever there was a match. 【答案】were sold 【详解】句意：每当有比赛，票瞬间就售罄。主语tickets和sell是被动关系，用被动语态；从句was提示时态是一般过去时，主语复数，故填were sold。 5．It’s ________ (say) that the pianist will come to our city next week. 【答案】said 【详解】句意：据说这位钢琴家下周会来到我们城市。固定句型it’s said that，意为“据说……”，say的过去分词是said。 6．People believe that tea ________ (discover) and drunk thousands of years ago. 【答案】was discovered 【详解】句意：人们相信茶在几千年前被发现并饮用。tea与discover是被动关系，根据thousands of years ago用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were + 过去分词，主语tea为单数，be动词用was，discover的过去分词是discovered。 7．With the development of the society, we ________ (influence) a lot by modern media, such as Douyin and Kuaishou. 【答案】are influenced 【详解】句意：随着社会的发展，我们深受抖音、快手等现代媒体的影响。主语we与influence是被动关系，本句为客观常态用一般现在时，一般现在时被动结构为am/is/are+过去分词，主语we搭配are，influence过去分词为influenced。 8．Daming ________ (choose) for the school basketball team yesterday. 【答案】was chosen 【详解】句意：大明昨天被选入校篮球队。主语Daming和choose之间是被动关系，且时间状语yesterday表示过去，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。Daming是单数，be动词用was；choose的过去分词是chosen。 9．The book was ________(translate) into many other languages last year. 【答案】translated 【详解】句意：去年这本书被翻译成许多其他语言。last year“去年”表示过去，时态为一般过去时；主语“The book”和谓语“translate”是被动关系，应用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语是第三人称单数“The book”，be动词用was，后接translate的过去分词translated“翻译”。 10．Pencils can be _________ (sharp) by using a small tool. 【答案】sharpened 【详解】句意：铅笔可以通过使用一个小工具被削尖。句中“can be...by”为被动语态的标志，结构为“can be+过去分词”，此处应用“sharp”的动词过去分词形式。“sharp”为形容词，需先变为动词“sharpen”，再加-ed构成过去分词，即sharpened。 三、完成句子 1．如果你想发明一些东西，你需要丰富你的知识面。 If you want to invent something, you need to _________ your knowledge. 【答案】enrich 【详解】原句中“丰富”是关键词，表示“丰富”的单词是enrich。本句固定搭配need to后接动词原形。故填enrich。 2．我是今天早上被妈妈太早叫醒的。 I was _________ up by my mom too early this morning. 【答案】woken 【详解】句意：我是今天早上被妈妈太早叫醒的。根据“by my mom”可知此处句子为一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，”叫醒”的英文表达是wake up，wake的过去分词形式是woken。 3．在旧时代，石头很难运输，所以建造了许多木屋。 In the old days, stone was difficult to transport, so many _________ houses were built. 【答案】wooden 【详解】句意：在旧时代，石头很难运输，所以建造了许多木屋。此处修饰名词houses，需要使用形容词形式，对应表示“木质的、木制的”英文形容词是wooden，符合语境搭配wooden houses表示木屋。 4．电视可以丰富人们的生活，拓宽人们的视野。 Television can enrich people’s lives and _________ their minds. 【答案】broaden 【详解】原句中“拓宽”是关键词，“拓宽”对应的英文常用动词为broaden，且and连接并列成分，前面情态动词can后接动词原形，enrich是动词原形，所以此处用动词原形broaden，符合句子结构和语义要求。 5．在消防员们的帮助下，那场大火最终被扑灭了。 With the help of the firemen, that big fire was finally ________ ________. 【答案】 put out 【详解】原句“扑灭”是关键词。动词短语put out翻译为“扑灭”，句子主语that big fire“那场大火”是动作的承受者，且句中已有be动词was，因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态结构，即was+过去分词。动词put其过去分词形式仍为put。故填put；out。 6．在开始之前，我们被老师分成了六组。 Before we start, we are ____________ into six groups by our teacher. 【答案】divided 【详解】原句中“分成”是关键词；固定搭配divide into意为“分成”，句子为一般现在时被动语态，结构是“be + 动词过去分词”，divide的过去分词形式为divided。 7．有一次，老师要求他背诵《蜀道难》。 Once, he ________________ his teacher to recite the Difficult Road to Shu. 【答案】was asked by 【详解】原文中“要求”是关键词。根据原文，“老师要求他背诵”可以理解为“他被老师要求背诵”。 主语是he（他），动作是“要求”，he是动作的承受者，因此必须使用一般过去时的被动语态。开头Once（有一次），属于过去时间，用一般过去时。 被动语态结构“was/were + 动词过去分词” 。主语he为单数，助动词用was。主动句式：ask sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动变形为“sb. be asked to do sth.”，某人被要求做某事ask的过去分词：asked。被动句里用介词by引出动作执行者（his teacher）。故填was asked by。 8．宝鸡被称为“青铜器之乡”。 Baoji is ________________ the “Land of Bronze Ware”. 【答案】called/known as 【详解】原句中“被称为”为关键词，其中“称为”对应的单词可为call，及物动词，“被称为”亦可用短语be known as表示。当使用及物动词call时，主语Baoji与call为被动关系，空处应用call的过去分词形式called与is构成被动语态。 9．石头阵建于许多世纪前，这些巨石有着医疗方面的目的。 Stonehenge was ________ many centuries ago and the huge stones have a medical ________. 【答案】 built purpose 【详解】原句中“建于”和“目的”是关键词，表示“建造”的动词是“build”。本句为一般过去时的被动语态，故用过去分词“built”构成被动语态；“目的”对应名词“purpose”，且前有“a”，用单数即可。故填built；purpose。 10．那个想出这个绝妙主意的男孩是我们班的班长。 The boy ________ ________ ________ ________ this brilliant idea is our class monitor. 【答案】 who came up with 【详解】原句中“想出”是关键词，表示“想出”的英文是come up with，是动词短语；分析句子，“...this brilliant idea”是定语从句，先行词The boy，指人，用who引导定语从句；从句描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，come的过去式为came。 四、单项选择 1．— Can he get the first prize in the race? — He ________ so, but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now. A．expect to do B．was expected doing C．has expected doing D．was expected to do 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—— 他能在这次比赛中获得一等奖吗？—— 他曾被期望这样做，但他刚刚伤了腿。现在不可能了。主语He与expect之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；固定被动搭配be expected to do sth.意为“被期望做某事”，expected后接不定式，根据“but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now.”可知，期望发生在过去，应用一般过去时。 2．The passport _________ in the Lost and Found yesterday. A．discover B．discovered C．is discovered D．was discovered 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这本护照昨天在失物招领处被找到。时间状语yesterday是过去时间，passport和discover是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词，主语the passport为单数，故用was discovered。 3．Pencils can be ________ by using a small tool. A．sharpen B．sharpened C．sharp D．sharper 【答案】B 【详解】句意：铅笔可以通过使用一个小工具被削尖。 sharpen削尖；sharpened被削尖；sharp锋利的；sharper更锋利的。根据句中“can be”及“by”可知，主语Pencils与动词sharpen之间是被动关系，此处为被动形式“can be+过去分词”。应填sharpened。 4．We need to _________ our knowledge to create new things. A．broad B．broadens C．broadened D．broaden 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们需要拓宽我们的知识来创造新事物。broad宽的；broadens拓宽（三单）；broadened拓宽（过去式/分词）；broaden拓宽（原形）。根据“We need to”可知，to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。选项D正确。 5．I _________ by my mom too early this morning. A．woken up B．woke up C．was woken up D．am woken up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天早上我太早被妈妈叫醒了。根据句中的“by my mom”可知主语是动作的承受者，应用被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，根据时间状语“this morning”可知时态为一般过去时，主语I对应的be动词为was。 6．—How spectacular (壮观的) the military parade (阅兵) on September 3rd, 2025 was! —Yes, every soldier ________ strictly to make it successful. A．is trained B．was trained C．are trained D．were trained 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——2025年9月3日的阅兵式多么壮观啊！——是的，为了使阅兵成功，每名士兵都接受了严格的训练。根据上文“How spectacular...was!”可知阅兵发生在过去，训练动作也发生在过去，应用一般过去时；主语“every soldier”为单数，且与train之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态was trained。 7．A lot of useful notebooks ________ from reused waste paper in our city last year. A．produce B．are produced C．were produced D．will be produced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年在我们城市，许多有用的笔记本是由再生废纸生产出来的。 主语notebooks与动词produce之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结构为be done；根据时间状语“last year”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，且主语为复数，be动词应用 were，produce的过去分词为produced。 8．—Do you know when the film ________? —Yes, in 1895. A．invented B．was invented C．is invented D．invent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道电影是什么时候被发明的吗？——知道，在 1895 年。 主语the film与动词invent之间是被动关系，需用被动语态（be + done）；根据答语“in 1895”可知动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时，be 动词用was。 9．Du Fu was a great poet. His strong love for his country________ in his poems. A．reflected B．will reflect C．was reflected D．will be reflected 【答案】C 【详解】句意：杜甫是一位伟大的诗人。他对国家的强烈热爱被反映在他的诗歌中。 根据“Du Fu was a great poet.”可知，句子描述的是过去的事实，时态为一般过去时；且主语“His strong love”与动词reflect之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，应填was reflected。 10．It’s reported that a hanfu show_______ in the Museum of History next week. A．is held B．was held C．will be held D．has been held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：据报道，一场汉服秀将于下周在历史博物馆举行。is held为一般现在时的被动语态；was held为一般过去时的被动语态；will be held为一般将来时的被动语态；has been held为现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语“next week”可知句子时态为一般将来时；主语“a hanfu show”是动作“hold”的承受者，需用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为“will be + 过去分词”，应填will be held。 一、完形填空 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Post-it notes 1 in 1968 by Dr. Spencer Silver. He first tried to find a 2 use for them, but nothing came up. In 1974, Art Fry then 3 a good use of them. While people were singing, the post-it notes 4 to keep the pages from falling out. These notes worked 5 magic! In 1977, post-it notes first appeared on the market and they 6 a great success. Now, post-it notes 7 all over the world. They are simple 8 brilliant. The invention shows that sometimes the 9 ideas can be the most useful. People 10 use them in offices, schools and homes every day. 1．A．invent B．invented C．were invented D．are invented 2．A．practical B．expensive C．difficult D．strange 3．A．invented B．found C．created D．made 4．A．use B．used C．were used D．are used 5．A．as B．like C．for D．with 6．A．became B．become C．were become D．are become 7．A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 8．A．and B．but C．or D．so 9．A．simplest B．most simple C．simpler D．more simple 10．A．seldom B．never C．always D．hardly 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述便利贴的发明历程。Silver博士意外发明弱胶，Fry找到用途。如今便利贴遍布全球，表明看似简单的想法也可能非常有用。 【详解】1．句意：便利贴于1968年被Spencer Silver博士发明。 根据“in 1968”可知用过去时，主语notes与invent是被动关系，可知用一般过去时的被动语态，“were invented被发明（过去被动）”符合语境。“invent动词原形；invented过去式/过去分词”为主动语态错误，“are invented一般现在时的被动语态”为时态错误。 2．句意：他首先试图为它们找到一个实用的用途。 根据上下文发明东西是为了应用，可知需要“实用的”用途，“practical实用的”符合语境。“expensive昂贵的；difficult困难的；strange奇怪的”不符合发明初衷的语境。 3．句意：1974年，Art Fry找到了它们的一个好用途。 根据“find a use”固定搭配及语境，可知是“找到”用途而非重新发明，“found找到”符合语境。“invented发明；created创造；made制作”语义不符。 4．句意：当人们唱歌时，便利贴被用来防止书页掉落。 根据上下文叙事时态及主语notes与use的被动关系，可知用过去被动，“were used”符合语境。“use为原形；used为过去式/过去分词”主动语态错误，“are used为一般现在时的被动语态”为时态错误。 5．句意：这些便利贴像魔法一样起作用！ 根据“worked...magic”固定搭配，可知填 like表示“像……一样”。“as作为；for为了；with和”搭配不当。 6．句意：1977年，便利贴首次上市，它们取得了巨大成功。 根据“In 1977”，可知用一般过去时，“became变成（过去式）”符合语境。“become为动词原形”时态错误，“were become（一般过去时的被动语态）；are become（一般现在时的被动语态）”语法结构错误。 7．句意：现在，便利贴被全世界使用。 根据“Now”及主语与动词的被动关系，可知用一般现在时的被动语态，“are used”符合语境。“use为动词原形；used为过去式/过去分词”主动语态错误，“were used为一般过去时的被动语态”时态错误。 8．句意：它们很简单但很棒。 根据“simple”和“brilliant”之间的转折关系，可知“but但是”符合语境。“and和；or或者；so所以”逻辑关系不符。 9．句意：有时最简单的想法可能是最有用的。 根据“the”及上下文对比，可知用最高级。simple最高级为simplest。“most simple；more simple”形式错误，“simpler”是比较级。 10．句意：人们每天总是在办公室、学校和家庭中使用它们。 根据“every day”及广泛使用的语境，可知人们每天总是在办公室、学校和家庭中使用它们，“always总是”符合语境。“seldom很少；never从不；hardly几乎不”与事实不符。 二、阅读理解 A The Invention of Post-it Notes Post-it notes are one of the most useful inventions in our daily life. They were invented in 1968 by Dr. Spencer Silver, who worked for 3M Company. He first tried to find a practical use for them, but nothing came up. In 1974, Art Fry, another 3M scientist, found a good use for them. He used the notes to keep the pages from falling out while people were singing. The notes worked like magic! In 1977, post-it notes first appeared on the market and they became a great success. Today, post-it notes are used all over the world. They are a simple but brilliant invention. 1．When were Post-it notes invented? A．In 1974. B．In 1977. C．In 1968. D．In 1903. 2．Who invented Post-it notes? A．Art Fry. B．Dr. Spencer Silver. C．The Wright brothers. D．George Crum. 3．Who found a good use for Post-it notes? A．Art Fry. B．Dr. Spencer Silver. C．The author. D．The 3M Company. 4．What were Post-it notes first used for? A．Writing notes. B．Keeping pages from falling out. C．Making books. D．Singing songs. 5．Where are Post-it notes used today? A．Only in the US. B．Only in offices. C．All over the world. D．In schools only. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】文章介绍便利贴的发明史，由3M公司的Dr. Spencer Silver在1968年研发出来，后由Art Fry找到实际用途，1977年正式上市，如今在全世界广泛使用。 【详解】1．根据原文第一段第二句“They were invented in 1968 by Dr. Spencer Silver, who worked for 3M Company.”，便利贴发明于1968年。 2．根据原文第一段第二句“They were invented in 1968 by Dr. Spencer Silver, who worked for 3M Company.”，便利贴的发明者是Dr. Spencer Silver。 3．根据原文第一段“In 1974, Art Fry, another 3M scientist, found a good use for them.”，Art Fry找到了便利贴的实用用途。 4．根据原文第一段“He used the notes to keep the pages from falling out while people were singing.”，便利贴最初被用来防止书页脱落。 5．根据原文第一段“Today, post‑it notes are used all over the world.”，如今便利贴在全世界被使用。 B Great Inventions in History Many great inventions were created by people who wanted to make life better. The airplane was invented by the Wright brothers in 1903. It changed the way people travel. Potato chips were invented by George Crum in 1853. They were created by accident when a customer complained about thick fries. Post-it notes were invented by Dr. Spencer Silver in 1968. But they were not widely used until Art Fry found a good use for them in 1974. The light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison and it makes the world bright at night. These inventions show how creativity and hard work can lead to great discoveries. Many of them are still used today and have made our lives easier. 6．When was the airplane invented? A．In 1853. B．In 1903. C．In 1968. D．In 1974. 7．Who invented the airplane? A．George Crum. B．Thomas Edison. C．Dr. Spencer Silver. D．The Wright brothers. 8．How were potato chips invented? A．By accident. B．By design. C．By a customer. D．By a chef. 9．When were Post-it notes widely used? A．In 1968. B．In 1974. C．In 1977. D．In 1853. 10．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The history of great inventions. B．The Wright brothers and Edison. C．How inventions were created and used. D．Different useful things in daily life. 【答案】6．B 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了历史上的几项伟大发明，包括飞机、薯片、便利贴和灯泡，讲述了它们的发明者、发明时间、发明过程及用途。 【详解】6．根据文中“The airplane was invented by the Wright brothers in 1903.”可知，飞机是在1903年发明的。 7．根据文中“The airplane was invented by the Wright brothers in 1903.”可知，飞机是由莱特兄弟发明的。 8．根据文中“Potato chips were invented by George Crum in 1853. They were created by accident...”可知，薯片是偶然被发明出来的。 9．根据文中“But they were not widely used until Art Fry found a good use for them in 1974.”可知，便利贴直到1974年才被广泛使用。 10．通读全文可知，文章不仅列举了发明是什么，还重点描述了它们是如何被创造出来的（如偶然、投诉引发等）以及它们的用途（如旅行、照明、使生活更轻松）。选项 C“发明是如何被创造和使用的”最能概括文章内容。 三、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个恰当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Do you know Confucius? B: Confucius? 1 ? A: He is a great ancient Chinese philosopher. His thoughts influence people all over the world. B: That’s interesting! 2 ? A: He was born in 1 BC in Shandong Province. B: 3 ? A: He mainly taught people about kindness, respect and wisdom. B: 4 ? A: Yes, many of his sayings are still used in our daily life. B: 5 . We should learn from his wisdom to become better people. 【答案】 1．Who is he 2．When and where was he born 3．What did he teach people 4．Are his sayings still important today 5 ．He is really a great thinker 【导语】本文是一篇关于孔子的对话。 【详解】1．根据下文答语“He is a great ancient Chinese philosopher.” 可知，此处是询问孔子是谁。 2．根据下文答语“He was born in 1 BC in Shandong Province.” 可知，此处是询问他出生的时间与地点。 3．根据下文答语“He mainly taught people about kindness, respect and wisdom.” 可知，此处是询问他教导人们什么内容。 4．根据下文答语“Yes, many of his sayings are still used in our daily life.” 可知，此处是一般疑问句，询问他的言论如今是否依旧发挥作用。 5．结合后文“We should learn from his wisdom to become better people.” 可知，此处是表达对孔子的高度评价。 一、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 great, ancient, philosopher, wisdom, influence, speech, discovery, invention, inspiration, successful, leader, besides, creative, truth, development There are many 1 thinkers in human history. Confucius, an 2 Chinese 3 , is famous for his great 4 . His thoughts have a deep 5 on Chinese culture and people’s daily lives. Today I want to give a short 6 about Albert Einstein. His 7 of the theory of relativity shocked the world. This amazing 8 opened a new door for scientific research. His work brought 9 to thousands of scientists around the world. Einstein was not only a 10 scientist but also a good 11 for young people. 12 his scientific work, he encouraged people to think 13 and explore the 14 of the universe. His story shows that with hard work and continuous 15 , everyone can achieve something meaningful. 【答案】 1．great 2．ancient 3．philosopher 4．wisdom 5．influence 6．speech 7．discovery 8．invention 9．inspiration 10．successful 11．leader 12．Besides 13．creatively 14．truth 15．development 【导语】本文介绍了人类历史上两位杰出人物——孔子与爱因斯坦。 【详解】1．句意：人类历史上有许多伟大的思想家。空格后为名词“thinkers”，需要形容词作定语修饰名词，结合全文词汇分配，此处填great更合适。 2．句意：孔子，一位中国古代的哲学家，因他超凡的智慧闻名。空格后是名词短语Chinese philosopher，前面有不定冠词an，需要元音音素开头的形容词，故填ancient。 3．句意：孔子，一位中国古代的哲学家，因他超凡的智慧闻名。前面有an ancient Chinese修饰，需要填表示人物身份的单数名词，故填philosopher。 4．句意：孔子，一位中国古代的哲学家，因他超凡的智慧闻名。空前形容词great修饰，需要填名词，故填wisdom。 5．句意：他的思想对中国文化以及人们的日常生活有着深远的影响。本句考查固定搭配have a deep influence on…（对……有深远影响），故填influence。 6．句意：今天我想要做一个关于阿尔伯特・爱因斯坦的简短演讲。本句考查固定搭配give a short speech（做简短演讲），故填speech。 7．句意：他对相对论的发现震惊了全世界。空前形容词性物主代词His修饰，需要填名词，故填discovery，表示“发现”，此处填单数形式。 8．句意：这项惊人的发明为科学研究打开了一扇新大门。空格前有“amazing”修饰，需要填名词。词库中discovery已经用于第7空，故填invention。 9．句意：他的成果给全世界成千上万的科学家带来了灵感。本句考查bring sth. to sb.（给某人带来某物），需要填名词作brought的宾语，故填inspiration，表示“灵感”。 10．句意：爱因斯坦不仅是一名成功的科学家，也是年轻人的优秀引领者。空后名词scientist，需要形容词作定语修饰，故填successful。 11．句意：爱因斯坦不仅是一名成功的科学家，也是年轻人的优秀引领者。前面有a good修饰，需要填表示人物身份的单数名词，故填leader。 12．句意：除了他的科研工作之外，他鼓励人们创造性地思考，探索宇宙的真相。本空位于句首，需要填介词引出附加信息，选用方框词besides，表示“除…… 之外（还有）”，句首首字母大写，故填Besides。 13．句意：他鼓励人们创造性地思考，探索宇宙的真相。空格修饰动词think，需要填副词；方框词creative为形容词，要变为副词形式creatively“创造性地”，故填creatively。 14．句意：他鼓励人们创造性地思考，探索宇宙的真相。空前有定冠词the，后接of the universe作后置定语，需要填名词，故填truth。 15．句意：他的故事表明，凭借努力和持续的发展，每个人都可以做出有意义的成就。前面有形容词continuous修饰，需要填名词，故填development。 二、任务型阅读 阅读下面的短文，先判断正误，再回答问题。 The History of Printing Printing is one of the most important inventions in history. Before printing, books were made by hand. This process was slow and expensive. In China, block printing was first used. It made it easier to produce books. However, it wasted many wooden boards. Then Bi Sheng invented movable type printing in the Northern Song Dynasty. He made characters on special clay pieces that could be reused. This invention changed the way books were made. Later, the technology spread to other parts of the world. In the 1th century, Johannes Gutenberg improved printing with his printing press. This made books cheaper and more available. As a result, more people could read and learn. Part A: 判断正误（正确写T，错误写F） 1．Printing is one of the most important inventions in history. 2．Books were made by hand before printing, which was fast and cheap. 3．Block printing wasted many wooden boards. 4．Movable type printing was invented in the Eastern Han Dynasty. 5．Gutenberg’s printing press made books cheaper and more available. Part B: 根据短文回答问题（每题答案不超过6个单词） 6．Who invented movable type printing? 7．What was the process like before printing? 8．What was the problem with block printing? 9．What could be reused in movable type printing? 10．When did Gutenberg improve printing? 【答案】 1． T 2．F 3．T 4．F 5．T 6．Bi Sheng. 7．Slow and expensive. 8．It wasted wooden boards. 9．The characters. 10．In the 1th century. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍印刷术的发展历史，依次介绍手抄书籍、雕版印刷、毕昇活字印刷以及古腾堡印刷机的相关信息。 【详解】1．文章第一句点明：“Printing is one of the most important inventions in history.”，能够得知印刷术是历史上最重要的发明之一，该表述正确。 2．文章第二、三句交代：“Before printing, books were made by hand. This process was slow and expensive.”，手工制作书籍缓慢且造价高昂，并不是快捷便宜，因此该句错误。 3．文章第六句写到：“However, it wasted many wooden boards.”，此处it代指雕版印刷，说明雕版印刷会耗费大量木板，表述正确。 4．文章第七句写明：“Then Bi Sheng invented movable type printing in the Northern Song Dynasty.”，活字印刷诞生于北宋而不是东汉，该句错误。 5．文章倒数第二句、第三句：“Johannes Gutenberg improved printing with his printing‑press. This made books cheaper and more available.”，说明古腾堡的印刷机让书籍价格更低、更容易获取，表述正确。 6．文中第七句提到“Then Bi Sheng invented movable type printing in the Northern Song Dynasty”，直接给出了活字印刷术的发明者。因此答案是原文直接信息。 7．文章第二、三句指出“Before printing, books were made by hand. This process was slow and expensive”，直接描述了印刷术出现之前书籍制作的状况。答案可直接从原文提取。 8．文中在介绍雕版印刷后紧接着用“However”转折，指出“it wasted many wooden boards”，说明了雕版印刷存在的问题。答案为原文直接信息。 9．文中描述毕昇的活字印刷术时提到“He made characters on special clay pieces that could be reused”，明确指出可以重复使用的是刻在特殊泥块上的字。答案可直接从原文找到。 10．文章末尾提到“In the 1th century, Johannes Gutenberg improved printing with his printing‑press”，直接给出了古腾堡改进印刷术的时间。答案为原文中的时间信息，直接提取即可。 $