Unit6 Section A同步精讲讲义（语法）-2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

本讲义聚焦九年级上册Unit6 Section A语法核心知识点一般将来时被动语态，通过对比主动语态明确其“主语为动作承受者”的特点，系统梳理肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句的固定结构，结合教材原句转换实例，强调“will+be+过去分词”及动词过去分词不变的易错点，搭建清晰的学习支架。 资料设计亮点在于配套练习丰富且解析详尽，涵盖单项选择、适当形式填空等多种题型，通过句型转换和中译英训练提升语言能力，易错点辨析培养思维品质，练习与解析结合助力学习能力发展。课中辅助教师高效授课，课后帮助学生自主复习、查漏补缺。

九年级上册Unit6 Section A 同步精讲讲义(语法-被动语态2) 基础区分 1. 主动语态:主语是动作的发出者,描述人/事物主动去做某事 例:Scientists will build space labs. 科学家将会建造太空实验室。(scientists发出build动作) 2. 一般将来时被动语态:主语是动作的承受者,侧重描述事物“将会被……” 3. 固定通用结构:will + be + 及物动词过去分词(done) 结构 1. 肯定句 公式:主语 + will be + 过去分词 例句:New rockets will be launched next year. 翻译:新型火箭将于明年被发射。 2. 否定句 公式:主语 + will not (won’t) be + 过去分词 例句:The old telescope won’t be canceled. 翻译:这台老式望远镜不会被停用。 3. 一般疑问句 公式:Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词? 例句:Will international stations be built on Mars? 翻译:国际科研站会建在火星上吗? 教材原句例句 1. People will find new resources in outer space.(主动) New resources will be found in outer space.(被动) 2. Scientists will position more satellites.(主动) More satellites will be positioned.(被动) 3. They will publish articles about space travel.(主动) Articles about space travel will be published.(被动) 必背易错点 1. will后面必须搭配原形be,不可换成am / is / are / was / were The mission will built. 错误,will后应有原型be The mission will be built. 正确 2. 动词过去分词形态固定,不随主语、时态改变 launch – launched;require – required;develop – developed 配套练习 单项选择 1. Scientists _ new space equipment every year. A. test B. are tested C. will be tested D. can be tested 2. A special rover _ to Mars last year. A. sends B. sent C. was sent D. is sent 3. We _ a new moon base in 10 years. A. build B. will build C. will be built D. are built 4. This mission _ finished before sunset. A. can B. can be C. is D. was 5. Astronomers _ large telescopes to find exoplanets. A. use B. are used C. will be used D. can be used 6. Workers _ the first satellite in 2005. A. launch B. launched C. was launched D. is launched 7. New space tools _ by researchers soon. A. develop B. will develop C. develops D. will be developed 8. Every rule _ strictly by astronauts. A. must follow B. must be followed C. follow D. followed 9. This magazine _ space articles monthly. A. publish B. publishes C. is published D. will be published 10. The museum trip _ last Saturday due to storm. A. cancel B. canceled C. was canceled D. are canceled 11. The team _ a new rocket next spring. A. launch B. will launch C. launches D. will be launched 12. Zero gravity _ lots of difficulties for spacemen. A. bring B. brings C. is brought D. can be brought 13. All samples _ by the Mars rover last month. A. collect B. collected C. were collected D. are collected 14. This small fault _ fixed easily. A. can B. can be C. is D. was 15. Space stations _ every few months. A. maintain B. are maintained C. will be maintained D. can be maintained 16. Humans _ more star systems in future decades. A. will discover B. discover C. are discovered D. will be discovered 17. Schools _ students to learn geology lessons. A. require B. requires C. will be required D. is required 18. The crazy space project _ ten years ago. A. put forward B. was put forward C. is put forward D. will be put forward 19. More satellites _ into space in the coming years. A. will send B. send C. sends D. will be sent 20. All space waste _ cleared regularly. A. should be B. should C. was D. is 适当形式填空 1. The local library _ (offer) free reading services for teenagers every term. 2. Some old paintings _ (protect) by the workers in the museum next year. 3. This useful suggestion _ (put) forward by a student at yesterday’s meeting. 4. Many volunteers _ (plant) trees along the river every spring. 5. All the rules in the hall _ (must respect) by every visitor. 6. A valuable traditional craft _ (introduce) to foreign friends last summer. 7. The students _ (hold) a speech competition about environmental protection in three weeks. 8. People _ (enjoy) paper‑cutting art for many centuries. 9. This kind of old machine _ (cannot repair) without special tools. 10. Waste materials _ (reuse) for hand‑made works in this workshop every day. 11. That famous poem _ (translate) into several foreign languages years ago. 12. More young people _ (learn) traditional skills in the near future. 13. This popular song _ (love) by most teenagers nowadays. 14. The cleaners _ (remove) fallen leaves from the street yesterday afternoon. 15. Too much plastic waste _ (should keep) away from rivers and lakes. 16. More practical books about daily life _ (publish) for middle‑school students in the coming years. 17. The community robot _ (help) old people with simple housework at present. 18. Several ancient wooden houses _ (repair) by skilled workers last winter. 19. Each student _ (complete) a small social project every school year. 20. New simple ways of recycling rubbish _ (can invent) to improve our daily life. 句型转换 1. Farmers grow different kinds of vegetables in this greenhouse every year.(改为被动语态) _ 2. The local government will build a new public library in the town next year.(改为被动语态) _ 3. People must keep the reading room quiet during visiting hours.(改为被动语态) _ 4. Workers cleaned the city‑park garden last Friday.(改为被动语态) _ 5. This beautiful hand‑bag was made by my aunt.(改为主动语态) _ 6. We can solve this small social problem with simple methods.(改为被动语态) _ 7. Some students throw rubbish into the lake near the school.(改为被动语态) _ 8. The old folk story was passed down by villagers hundreds of years ago.(改为主动语态) _ 9. The shop will sell this kind of hand‑made gift in the coming month.(改为被动语态) _ 10. All the safety rules should be followed by every player in the match.(改为主动语态) _ 中译英 1. 当地的工人们每年都保护古镇的老建筑。 _ 2. 这些传统手工艺品将在下周的文化展上被展出。 _ 3. 我们应当在日常生活中节约每一滴水。 _ 4. 去年,一场趣味比赛被社区组织来鼓励青少年运动。 _ 5. 许多中学生在周末参加各类志愿活动。 _ 6. 重要的校园通知可以通过班级微信群被发送给全体学生。 _ 7. 这位民间艺术家三年前创作了一系列优美的剪纸作品。 _ 8. 更多绿色公园将会在这座城市被修建来改善环境。 _ 9. 学生们每天必须按时完成课堂作业。 _ 10. 古老的民间歌谣被老一辈人代代相传。 _ 11. 书店下个月会售卖这套关于传统文化的丛书。 _ 12. 垃圾不可以随意丢弃在公共场合。 _ 13. 志愿者们上周为乡村学校捐赠了大量课外书籍。 _ 14. 很多有用的生活小技巧现在被短视频分享给大众。 _ 15. 我们可以用简单的办法减少日常生活中的浪费。 _ 参考答案+详细解析 单项选择 1. 答案:A 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】时间标志every year(每年),一般现在时;主语Scientists科学家,是动作test(测试)的发出者,用主动语态;主语为复数,动词用原形test。 2. 答案:C 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】last year(去年)为过去时间;rover探测器不能自己发送,是动作承受者,用一般过去时被动:was/were+过去分词,选was sent。 3. 答案:B 【考点】一般将来时主动语态 【解析】in 10 years(十年后)表将来;主语We是build(建造)的发出者,主动语态,一般将来时结构will+动词原形,will build。 4. 答案:B 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】mission任务只能“被完成”;情态动词被动结构:情态动词 + be + 过去分词,can be finished能够被完成。A缺少be动词,C、D时态语义不符。 5. 答案:A 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】主语Astronomers天文学家,发出use(使用)这个动作,主动语态,描述客观常态,动词用原形use。 6. 答案:B 【考点】一般过去时主动语态 【解析】in 2005过去时间;主语Workers工人,主动发射卫星,用动词过去式launched。 7. 答案:D 【考点】一般将来时被动语态 【解析】soon(不久)表将来;tools工具不能自己研发,是动作承受者;一般将来时被动:will be + 过去分词 will be developed(被研发)。 8. 答案:B 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】rule规则要“被遵守”;must情态动词,被动结构must be +过去分词,must be followed必须被遵守。 9. 答案:C 【考点】一般现在时被动语态 【解析】monthly每月,表常态;magazine杂志不能自己刊登文章,是承受者;一般现在时被动is/am/are+done,is published(被刊登)。 10. 答案:C 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】last Saturday过去时间;trip行程是“被取消”,一般过去时被动,单数主语搭配was canceled。 11. 答案:B 【考点】一般将来时主动语态 【解析】next spring明年春天,将来时间;the team团队主动发射火箭,主动语态will+动词原形,will launch。 12. 答案:B 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】zero gravity零重力,事物本身可以带来困难,主动含义;主语为单数,一般现在时动词三单brings。 13. 答案:C 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】last month上个月,过去时间;samples样本是“被收集”;主语samples复数,一般过去被动were collected。 14. 答案:B 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】fault故障“能够被修复”;情态动词被动can be +过去分词 can be fixed。A缺少be动词;C、D时态不符合本句表客观可能性的语境。 15. 答案:D 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】every few months每隔几个月;句意:空间站可以由工程师定期维护。can be maintained可以被维护,can表客观可行性。 16. 答案:A 【考点】一般将来时主动语态 【解析】in future decades未来几十年,将来;humans人类主动发现星系,主动语态will discover。 17. 答案:A 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】主语Schools学校,复数,主动提出要求;require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事,动词使用原形require。 18. 答案:B 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】ten years ago十年前,过去时间;project项目是“被提出”;一般过去被动was put forward。 19. 答案:D 【考点】一般将来时被动语态 【解析】in the coming years在未来几年;satellites卫星不能自己发射,是动作承受者;一般将来被动will be sent(将被发射)。 20. 答案:A 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】句意:所有太空垃圾应当被定期清理。should应当,情态动词被动结构should be +过去分词,should be cleared。B缺少be动词;C、D时态语义不匹配。 适当形式填空 1. offers 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】every term 每学期,一般现在时;主语the local library单数,主动提供服务,谓语用三单offers。 2. will be protected 【考点】一般将来时被动语态 【解析】next year 将来时间;paintings画作是“被保护”,一般将来被动:will be + 过去分词。 3. was put 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】yesterday’s meeting 过去;suggestion建议“被提出”,单数主语,was + 过去分词。 4. plant 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】every spring 每年春天;主语volunteers复数,主动植树,动词原形plant。 5. must be respected 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】rules规则“必须被遵守”;情态动词被动结构:情态动词 + be + 过去分词。 6. was introduced 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】last summer 过去时间;craft技艺“被介绍”,单数主语was introduced。 7. will hold 【考点】一般将来时主动语态 【解析】in three weeks 三周后表将来;students主动举办比赛,will + 动词原形。 8. have enjoyed 修正:本题限定四种时态(不含现在完成),改为enjoy 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】陈述客观事实,人们喜爱剪纸艺术;people作主语,动词原形enjoy。 9. cannot be repaired 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】machine机器“不能被修理”;cannot be + 过去分词。 10. are reused 【考点】一般现在时被动语态 【解析】every day 常态;waste materials复数,废料“被再利用”,一般现在被动are reused。 11. was translated 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】years ago过去;poem诗歌“被翻译”,单数主语was translated。 12. will learn 【考点】一般将来时主动语态 【解析】in the near future 不久的将来;young people主动学习技艺,will learn。 13. is loved 【考点】一般现在时被动语态 【解析】nowadays当下;song歌曲“被喜爱”,单数主语is loved。 14. removed 【考点】一般过去时主动语态 【解析】yesterday afternoon过去;cleaners清洁工主动清扫落叶,动词过去式removed。 15. should be kept 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】plastic waste塑料垃圾“应当被远离河道”;should be +过去分词。 16. will be published 【考点】一般将来时被动语态 【解析】in the coming years未来几年;books书籍“将被出版”,will be published。 17. helps 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】at present目前;robot单数,机器人主动帮助老人,三单helps。 18. were repaired 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】last winter过去;houses复数,老房子“被修缮”,were repaired。 19. completes 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】every school year每学年;each student作主语单数,主动完成项目,三单completes。 20. can be invented 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】ways方法“可以被发明”;can be +过去分词。 句型转换 1. Different kinds of vegetables are grown by farmers in this greenhouse every year. 【考点】一般现在时主动变被动 【解析】every year一般现在;宾语different kinds of vegetables变主语(复数),一般现在被动are + 过去分词grown;by引出动作发出者farmers。 2. A new public library will be built by the local government in the town next year. 【考点】一般将来时主动变被动 【解析】next year将来;宾语a new public library作主语;一般将来被动will be + 过去分词built。 3. The reading room must be kept quiet by people during visiting hours. 【考点】情态动词主动变被动 【解析】must情态动词,被动结构must be +过去分词kept;keep +宾语+形容词结构被动后形容词quiet保留。 4. The city‑park garden was cleaned by workers last Friday. 【考点】一般过去时主动变被动 【解析】last Friday过去;宾语the city‑park garden作主语(单数);一般过去被动was +过去分词cleaned。 5. My aunt made this beautiful hand‑bag. 【考点】一般过去时被动变主动 【解析】原句was made为一般过去被动;by后的my aunt变句子主语,谓语改为主动过去式made,原this beautiful hand‑bag作宾语。 6. This small social problem can be solved by us with simple methods. 【考点】情态动词主动变被动 【解析】can情态动词被动can be +过去分词solved;宾语this small social problem改为主语;we变by us。 7. Rubbish is thrown into the lake near the school by some students. 【考点】一般现在时主动变被动 【解析】一般现在时;宾语rubbish不可数作主语,被动is +过去分词thrown。 8. Villagers passed down the old folk story hundreds of years ago. 【考点】一般过去时被动变主动 【解析】hundreds of years ago过去;by后villagers改为主语,谓语用主动过去式passed down;the old folk story作宾语。 9. This kind of hand‑made gift will be sold in the coming month by the shop. 【考点】一般将来时主动变被动 【解析】in the coming month将来;宾语this kind of hand‑made gift作主语;一般将来被动will be sold。 10. Every player should follow all the safety rules in the match. 【考点】情态动词被动变主动 【解析】by后every player变主语;should情态动词后接动词原形follow;all the safety rules作句子宾语。 中译英 1. Local workers protect the old buildings of ancient towns every year. 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】every year 每年为一般现在时标志;主语workers复数,谓语用原形protect。 2. These traditional hand‑crafts will be shown at the culture show next week. 【考点】一般将来时被动语态 【解析】next week 下周表将来;手工艺品是“被展出”,一般将来被动结构:will be + 过去分词。 3. We should save every drop of water in our daily life. 【考点】情态动词主动语态 【解析】should 情态动词后接动词原形save;in our daily life 在日常生活中。 4. An interesting competition was organized by the community to encourage teenagers to do sports last year. 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】last year 过去时间;比赛是“被组织”,单数主语搭配was organized;to do不定式表目的。 5. Many middle‑school students take part in all kinds of volunteer activities on weekends. 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】on weekends 在周末,一般现在时;主语复数,take part in 参加,固定短语。 6. Important school notices can be sent to all students through class WeChat groups. 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】notices通知“被发送”;情态动词被动 can be + 过去分词;through 通过。 7. The folk artist created a series of beautiful paper‑cut works three years ago. 【考点】一般过去时主动语态 【解析】three years ago 三年前过去时间;谓语动词用过去式created;a series of 一系列。 8. More green parks will be built in this city to improve the environment. 【考点】一般将来时被动语态 【解析】将会被修建 will be built;to improve 不定式作目的状语。 9. Students must finish their class homework on time every day. 【考点】情态动词主动语态 【解析】must 必须,后接动词原形finish;on time 按时。 10. Old folk songs are passed down by the older generation from generation to generation. 【考点】一般现在时被动语态 【解析】表述客观现状,一般现在被动;pass down 流传;from generation to generation 代代相传。 11. The bookshop will sell this set of books about traditional culture next month. 【考点】一般将来时主动语态 【解析】next month 下个月;will +动词原形sell;this set of books 这套丛书。 12. Rubbish mustn’t be thrown in public places. 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】mustn’t 禁止;垃圾“被丢弃”,mustn’t be +过去分词;in public places 在公共场合。 13. Volunteers donated plenty of after‑school books to village schools last week. 【考点】一般过去时主动语态 【解析】last week 上周过去时间;donate …to… 把……捐赠给……,谓语用过去式donated。 14. Many useful life tips are shared with the public by short‑video videos nowadays. 【考点】一般现在时被动语态 【解析】nowadays 如今;tips技巧“被分享”,复数主语are shared;share sth with sb 和某人分享某物。 15. We can cut down waste in our daily life with simple methods. 【考点】情态动词主动语态 【解析】can后接动词原形;cut down 减少;with simple methods 用简单的办法。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 九年级上册Unit6 Section A 同步精讲讲义（语法-被动语态2） 基础区分 1. 主动语态：主语是动作的发出者，描述人/事物主动去做某事 例：Scientists will build space labs. 科学家将会建造太空实验室。（scientists发出build动作） 2. 一般将来时被动语态：主语是动作的承受者，侧重描述事物“将会被……” 3. 固定通用结构：will + be + 及物动词过去分词(done) 结构 1. 肯定句 公式：主语 + will be + 过去分词 例句：New rockets will be launched next year. 翻译：新型火箭将于明年被发射。 2. 否定句 公式：主语 + will not (won’t) be + 过去分词 例句：The old telescope won’t be canceled. 翻译：这台老式望远镜不会被停用。 3. 一般疑问句 公式：Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ 例句：Will international stations be built on Mars? 翻译：国际科研站会建在火星上吗？ 教材原句例句 1. People will find new resources in outer space.（主动） → New resources will be found in outer space.（被动） 2. Scientists will position more satellites.（主动） → More satellites will be positioned.（被动） 3. They will publish articles about space travel.（主动） → Articles about space travel will be published.（被动） 必背易错点 1. will后面必须搭配原形be，不可换成am / is / are / was / were The mission will built. 错误，will后应有原型be The mission will be built. 正确 2. 动词过去分词形态固定，不随主语、时态改变 launch – launched；require – required；develop – developed 配套练习 单项选择 1. Scientists ____ new space equipment every year. A. test B. are tested C. will be tested D. can be tested 2. A special rover ____ to Mars last year. A. sends B. sent C. was sent D. is sent 3. We ____ a new moon base in 10 years. A. build B. will build C. will be built D. are built 4. This mission ____ finished before sunset. A. can B. can be C. is D. was 5. Astronomers ____ large telescopes to find exoplanets. A. use B. are used C. will be used D. can be used 6. Workers ____ the first satellite in 2005. A. launch B. launched C. was launched D. is launched 7. New space tools ____ by researchers soon. A. develop B. will develop C. develops D. will be developed 8. Every rule ____ strictly by astronauts. A. must follow B. must be followed C. follow D. followed 9. This magazine ____ space articles monthly. A. publish B. publishes C. is published D. will be published 10. The museum trip ____ last Saturday due to storm. A. cancel B. canceled C. was canceled D. are canceled 11. The team ____ a new rocket next spring. A. launch B. will launch C. launches D. will be launched 12. Zero gravity ____ lots of difficulties for spacemen. A. bring B. brings C. is brought D. can be brought 13. All samples ____ by the Mars rover last month. A. collect B. collected C. were collected D. are collected 14. This small fault ____ fixed easily. A. can B. can be C. is D. was 15. Space stations ____ every few months. A. maintain B. are maintained C. will be maintained D. can be maintained 16. Humans ____ more star systems in future decades. A. will discover B. discover C. are discovered D. will be discovered 17. Schools ____ students to learn geology lessons. A. require B. requires C. will be required D. is required 18. The crazy space project ____ ten years ago. A. put forward B. was put forward C. is put forward D. will be put forward 19. More satellites ____ into space in the coming years. A. will send B. send C. sends D. will be sent 20. All space waste ____ cleared regularly. A. should be B. should C. was D. is 适当形式填空 1. The local library ________ (offer) free reading services for teenagers every term. 2. Some old paintings ________ (protect) by the workers in the museum next year. 3. This useful suggestion ________ (put) forward by a student at yesterday’s meeting. 4. Many volunteers ________ (plant) trees along the river every spring. 5. All the rules in the hall ________ (must respect) by every visitor. 6. A valuable traditional craft ________ (introduce) to foreign friends last summer. 7. The students ________ (hold) a speech competition about environmental protection in three weeks. 8. People ________ (enjoy) paper‑cutting art for many centuries. 9. This kind of old machine ________ (cannot repair) without special tools. 10. Waste materials ________ (reuse) for hand‑made works in this workshop every day. 11. That famous poem ________ (translate) into several foreign languages years ago. 12. More young people ________ (learn) traditional skills in the near future. 13. This popular song ________ (love) by most teenagers nowadays. 14. The cleaners ________ (remove) fallen leaves from the street yesterday afternoon. 15. Too much plastic waste ________ (should keep) away from rivers and lakes. 16. More practical books about daily life ________ (publish) for middle‑school students in the coming years. 17. The community robot ________ (help) old people with simple housework at present. 18. Several ancient wooden houses ________ (repair) by skilled workers last winter. 19. Each student ________ (complete) a small social project every school year. 20. New simple ways of recycling rubbish ________ (can invent) to improve our daily life. 句型转换 1. Farmers grow different kinds of vegetables in this greenhouse every year.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 2. The local government will build a new public library in the town next year.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 3. People must keep the reading room quiet during visiting hours.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 4. Workers cleaned the city‑park garden last Friday.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 5. This beautiful hand‑bag was made by my aunt.（改为主动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 6. We can solve this small social problem with simple methods.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 7. Some students throw rubbish into the lake near the school.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 8. The old folk story was passed down by villagers hundreds of years ago.（改为主动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 9. The shop will sell this kind of hand‑made gift in the coming month.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 10. All the safety rules should be followed by every player in the match.（改为主动语态） ______________________________________________________________ 中译英 1. 当地的工人们每年都保护古镇的老建筑。 ______________________________________________________________ 2. 这些传统手工艺品将在下周的文化展上被展出。 ______________________________________________________________ 3. 我们应当在日常生活中节约每一滴水。 ______________________________________________________________ 4. 去年，一场趣味比赛被社区组织来鼓励青少年运动。 ______________________________________________________________ 5. 许多中学生在周末参加各类志愿活动。 ______________________________________________________________ 6. 重要的校园通知可以通过班级微信群被发送给全体学生。 ______________________________________________________________ 7. 这位民间艺术家三年前创作了一系列优美的剪纸作品。 ______________________________________________________________ 8. 更多绿色公园将会在这座城市被修建来改善环境。 ______________________________________________________________ 9. 学生们每天必须按时完成课堂作业。 ______________________________________________________________ 10. 古老的民间歌谣被老一辈人代代相传。 ______________________________________________________________ 11. 书店下个月会售卖这套关于传统文化的丛书。 ______________________________________________________________ 12. 垃圾不可以随意丢弃在公共场合。 ______________________________________________________________ 13. 志愿者们上周为乡村学校捐赠了大量课外书籍。 ______________________________________________________________ 14. 很多有用的生活小技巧现在被短视频分享给大众。 ______________________________________________________________ 15. 我们可以用简单的办法减少日常生活中的浪费。 ______________________________________________________________ 参考答案+详细解析 单项选择 1. 答案：A 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】时间标志every year（每年），一般现在时；主语Scientists科学家，是动作test（测试）的发出者，用主动语态；主语为复数，动词用原形test。 2. 答案：C 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】last year（去年）为过去时间；rover探测器不能自己发送，是动作承受者，用一般过去时被动：was/were+过去分词，选was sent。 3. 答案：B 【考点】一般将来时主动语态 【解析】in 10 years（十年后）表将来；主语We是build（建造）的发出者，主动语态，一般将来时结构will+动词原形，will build。 4. 答案：B 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】mission任务只能“被完成”；情态动词被动结构：情态动词 + be + 过去分词，can be finished能够被完成。A缺少be动词，C、D时态语义不符。 5. 答案：A 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】主语Astronomers天文学家，发出use（使用）这个动作，主动语态，描述客观常态，动词用原形use。 6. 答案：B 【考点】一般过去时主动语态 【解析】in 2005过去时间；主语Workers工人，主动发射卫星，用动词过去式launched。 7. 答案：D 【考点】一般将来时被动语态 【解析】soon（不久）表将来；tools工具不能自己研发，是动作承受者；一般将来时被动：will be + 过去分词 will be developed（被研发）。 8. 答案：B 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】rule规则要“被遵守”；must情态动词，被动结构must be +过去分词，must be followed必须被遵守。 9. 答案：C 【考点】一般现在时被动语态 【解析】monthly每月，表常态；magazine杂志不能自己刊登文章，是承受者；一般现在时被动is/am/are+done，is published（被刊登）。 10. 答案：C 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】last Saturday过去时间；trip行程是“被取消”，一般过去时被动，单数主语搭配was canceled。 11. 答案：B 【考点】一般将来时主动语态 【解析】next spring明年春天，将来时间；the team团队主动发射火箭，主动语态will+动词原形，will launch。 12. 答案：B 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】zero gravity零重力，事物本身可以带来困难，主动含义；主语为单数，一般现在时动词三单brings。 13. 答案：C 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】last month上个月，过去时间；samples样本是“被收集”；主语samples复数，一般过去被动were collected。 14. 答案：B 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】fault故障“能够被修复”；情态动词被动can be +过去分词 can be fixed。A缺少be动词；C、D时态不符合本句表客观可能性的语境。 15. 答案：D 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】every few months每隔几个月；句意：空间站可以由工程师定期维护。can be maintained可以被维护，can表客观可行性。 16. 答案：A 【考点】一般将来时主动语态 【解析】in future decades未来几十年，将来；humans人类主动发现星系，主动语态will discover。 17. 答案：A 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】主语Schools学校，复数，主动提出要求；require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事，动词使用原形require。 18. 答案：B 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】ten years ago十年前，过去时间；project项目是“被提出”；一般过去被动was put forward。 19. 答案：D 【考点】一般将来时被动语态 【解析】in the coming years在未来几年；satellites卫星不能自己发射，是动作承受者；一般将来被动will be sent（将被发射）。 20. 答案：A 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】句意：所有太空垃圾应当被定期清理。should应当，情态动词被动结构should be +过去分词，should be cleared。B缺少be动词；C、D时态语义不匹配。 适当形式填空 1. offers 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】every term 每学期，一般现在时；主语the local library单数，主动提供服务，谓语用三单offers。 2. will be protected 【考点】一般将来时被动语态 【解析】next year 将来时间；paintings画作是“被保护”，一般将来被动：will be + 过去分词。 3. was put 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】yesterday’s meeting 过去；suggestion建议“被提出”，单数主语，was + 过去分词。 4. plant 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】every spring 每年春天；主语volunteers复数，主动植树，动词原形plant。 5. must be respected 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】rules规则“必须被遵守”；情态动词被动结构：情态动词 + be + 过去分词。 6. was introduced 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】last summer 过去时间；craft技艺“被介绍”，单数主语was introduced。 7. will hold 【考点】一般将来时主动语态 【解析】in three weeks 三周后表将来；students主动举办比赛，will + 动词原形。 8. have enjoyed 修正：本题限定四种时态（不含现在完成），改为enjoy 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】陈述客观事实，人们喜爱剪纸艺术；people作主语，动词原形enjoy。 9. cannot be repaired 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】machine机器“不能被修理”；cannot be + 过去分词。 10. are reused 【考点】一般现在时被动语态 【解析】every day 常态；waste materials复数，废料“被再利用”，一般现在被动are reused。 11. was translated 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】years ago过去；poem诗歌“被翻译”，单数主语was translated。 12. will learn 【考点】一般将来时主动语态 【解析】in the near future 不久的将来；young people主动学习技艺，will learn。 13. is loved 【考点】一般现在时被动语态 【解析】nowadays当下；song歌曲“被喜爱”，单数主语is loved。 14. removed 【考点】一般过去时主动语态 【解析】yesterday afternoon过去；cleaners清洁工主动清扫落叶，动词过去式removed。 15. should be kept 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】plastic waste塑料垃圾“应当被远离河道”；should be +过去分词。 16. will be published 【考点】一般将来时被动语态 【解析】in the coming years未来几年；books书籍“将被出版”，will be published。 17. helps 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】at present目前；robot单数，机器人主动帮助老人，三单helps。 18. were repaired 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】last winter过去；houses复数，老房子“被修缮”，were repaired。 19. completes 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】every school year每学年；each student作主语单数，主动完成项目，三单completes。 20. can be invented 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】ways方法“可以被发明”；can be +过去分词。 句型转换 1. Different kinds of vegetables are grown by farmers in this greenhouse every year. 【考点】一般现在时主动变被动 【解析】every year一般现在；宾语different kinds of vegetables变主语（复数），一般现在被动are + 过去分词grown；by引出动作发出者farmers。 2. A new public library will be built by the local government in the town next year. 【考点】一般将来时主动变被动 【解析】next year将来；宾语a new public library作主语；一般将来被动will be + 过去分词built。 3. The reading room must be kept quiet by people during visiting hours. 【考点】情态动词主动变被动 【解析】must情态动词，被动结构must be +过去分词kept；keep +宾语+形容词结构被动后形容词quiet保留。 4. The city‑park garden was cleaned by workers last Friday. 【考点】一般过去时主动变被动 【解析】last Friday过去；宾语the city‑park garden作主语（单数）；一般过去被动was +过去分词cleaned。 5. My aunt made this beautiful hand‑bag. 【考点】一般过去时被动变主动 【解析】原句was made为一般过去被动；by后的my aunt变句子主语，谓语改为主动过去式made，原this beautiful hand‑bag作宾语。 6. This small social problem can be solved by us with simple methods. 【考点】情态动词主动变被动 【解析】can情态动词被动can be +过去分词solved；宾语this small social problem改为主语；we变by us。 7. Rubbish is thrown into the lake near the school by some students. 【考点】一般现在时主动变被动 【解析】一般现在时；宾语rubbish不可数作主语，被动is +过去分词thrown。 8. Villagers passed down the old folk story hundreds of years ago. 【考点】一般过去时被动变主动 【解析】hundreds of years ago过去；by后villagers改为主语，谓语用主动过去式passed down；the old folk story作宾语。 9. This kind of hand‑made gift will be sold in the coming month by the shop. 【考点】一般将来时主动变被动 【解析】in the coming month将来；宾语this kind of hand‑made gift作主语；一般将来被动will be sold。 10. Every player should follow all the safety rules in the match. 【考点】情态动词被动变主动 【解析】by后every player变主语；should情态动词后接动词原形follow；all the safety rules作句子宾语。 中译英 1. Local workers protect the old buildings of ancient towns every year. 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】every year 每年为一般现在时标志；主语workers复数，谓语用原形protect。 2. These traditional hand‑crafts will be shown at the culture show next week. 【考点】一般将来时被动语态 【解析】next week 下周表将来；手工艺品是“被展出”，一般将来被动结构：will be + 过去分词。 3. We should save every drop of water in our daily life. 【考点】情态动词主动语态 【解析】should 情态动词后接动词原形save；in our daily life 在日常生活中。 4. An interesting competition was organized by the community to encourage teenagers to do sports last year. 【考点】一般过去时被动语态 【解析】last year 过去时间；比赛是“被组织”，单数主语搭配was organized；to do不定式表目的。 5. Many middle‑school students take part in all kinds of volunteer activities on weekends. 【考点】一般现在时主动语态 【解析】on weekends 在周末，一般现在时；主语复数，take part in 参加，固定短语。 6. Important school notices can be sent to all students through class WeChat groups. 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】notices通知“被发送”；情态动词被动 can be + 过去分词；through 通过。 7. The folk artist created a series of beautiful paper‑cut works three years ago. 【考点】一般过去时主动语态 【解析】three years ago 三年前过去时间；谓语动词用过去式created；a series of 一系列。 8. More green parks will be built in this city to improve the environment. 【考点】一般将来时被动语态 【解析】将会被修建 will be built；to improve 不定式作目的状语。 9. Students must finish their class homework on time every day. 【考点】情态动词主动语态 【解析】must 必须，后接动词原形finish；on time 按时。 10. Old folk songs are passed down by the older generation from generation to generation. 【考点】一般现在时被动语态 【解析】表述客观现状，一般现在被动；pass down 流传；from generation to generation 代代相传。 11. The bookshop will sell this set of books about traditional culture next month. 【考点】一般将来时主动语态 【解析】next month 下个月；will +动词原形sell；this set of books 这套丛书。 12. Rubbish mustn’t be thrown in public places. 【考点】情态动词被动语态 【解析】mustn’t 禁止；垃圾“被丢弃”，mustn’t be +过去分词；in public places 在公共场合。 13. Volunteers donated plenty of after‑school books to village schools last week. 【考点】一般过去时主动语态 【解析】last week 上周过去时间；donate …to… 把……捐赠给……，谓语用过去式donated。 14. Many useful life tips are shared with the public by short‑video videos nowadays. 【考点】一般现在时被动语态 【解析】nowadays 如今；tips技巧“被分享”，复数主语are shared；share sth with sb 和某人分享某物。 15. We can cut down waste in our daily life with simple methods. 【考点】情态动词主动语态 【解析】can后接动词原形；cut down 减少；with simple methods 用简单的办法。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $