周周有招同步提高班Unit7 讲义第一讲 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

本讲义聚焦初中英语定语从句（that/which/who引导）核心语法，通过对比简单定语与从句引入概念，系统梳理关系代词指人/物用法、作主语/宾语作用及易错点，结合音乐主题词汇（rhythm等）、交际句型和写作铺垫，构建语法-词汇-表达的学习支架。 资料特色在于语法教学用对比实例建构知识，词汇与音乐主题融合，设认知冲突（如最高级修饰先行词的关系代词）培养思维品质。课前测激活旧知，课中音频辅助对话练习提升语言能力，课后回环挑战题多维度巩固，助力教师授课与学生查漏补缺。

Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm 学生版讲义 第1讲 + 第2讲 完整版 · 新教材同步 · 中考提分专用 Big Question: Why do we need music? 核心语法：定语从句（that / which / who 引导） 配套拓展：音乐主题词汇 · 音乐喜好表达 · 说明文写作 —— 2026秋新版人教版九年级英语上册 · 学生版讲义 —— 第1讲 Music That Touches the Heart（触动心灵的音乐） 课时：120分钟 | 课型：语法建构 + 词汇奠基 教学规划总览 教学环节 时间 内容定位 课前测 10分钟 旧知激活 · 定语从句概念预热 + 音乐主题热身 讲题 5分钟 课前测逐题精讲 课堂授课 80分钟 核心语法建构（定语从句：that/which/who引导）+ 音乐主题词汇 课堂练习 15分钟 限时训练 · 新语境检测 讲解 5分钟 练习精讲 · 规律提炼 课堂小结 5分钟 知识网络构建 · 课后任务布置 课后作业：约30分钟题量（见讲末） 课前测（10分钟） 设计意图：激活你关于"音乐"话题的词汇储备，回顾简单句合并方法，为定语从句的学习搭建认知桥梁。 一、单项选择（每题2分，共6分） 1. I like music __________ has beautiful lyrics. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 1. The musician __________ wrote this song is very creative. A. which B. who C. whose D. what 1. I prefer songs __________ I can sing along to. A. who B. whose C. that D. what 二、合并句子（每题2分，共4分） 1. I like the song. The song tells a sad story. → I like the song __________ tells a sad story. 1. The girl is my friend. She plays the piano well. → The girl __________ plays the piano well is my friend. 课堂授课（80分钟） 模块一 核心语法：定语从句（上）—— that / which / who 引导（45分钟） 1.1 概念引入：什么是定语从句？ 观察下列对比，体会"定语从句"的含义： 简单定语（词/短语） 定语从句（完整句子） I like beautiful music. I like music that is beautiful. I like Chinese music. I like music that is Chinese. I like soft music. I like music that is soft. 左边的形容词放在名词前做定语，右边是一个完整的句子放在名词后面做定语——这就是定语从句。 结论记录： 定语从句：在主从复合句中，修饰主句中某个名词或代词的句子。 被修饰的名词/代词叫：__________ 引导定语从句的词叫：__________ 结构：__________ + __________ + __________ 1.2 关系代词 that / which / who 的用法 （1）that —— 既可以指人，也可以指物 结构公式：先行词（人/物）+ that + 从句 that在从句中可充当主语或宾语；作宾语时可省略。 指物：I love music that tells a story. 指人：He is the boy that plays the piano well. 【例7-1 基础建构】合并句子，用that引导的定语从句。 (1) I like music. The music has beautiful lyrics. → __________________________________________________ (2) The song is my favourite. The song uses the violin. → __________________________________________________ (3) He is the boy. The boy won the music competition. → __________________________________________________ （2）which —— 只指物 结构公式：先行词（物）+ which + 从句 which在从句中可充当主语或宾语；作宾语时可省略。 注意！ 当先行词被最高级修饰时（如"the most beautiful song"），情况变得特殊—— 请猜一猜下面这个空该填什么： This is the most beautiful song __________ I have ever heard. （先记在笔记本上，打上星号，第2讲揭晓答案！） which与that的区别： 指物时，which和that通常可以互换 但介词后只能用which（如：the music about which we talked） 非限制性定语从句（有逗号隔开）只能用which 【例7-2 基础建构】合并句子，用which引导的定语从句。 (1) I prefer music. It is full of joy. → __________________________________________________ (2) The piece is called Horse Racing. It uses the erhu. → __________________________________________________ (3) I love the song. He wrote it last year. → __________________________________________________ （3）who —— 只指人 结构公式：先行词（人）+ who + 从句 who在从句中可充当主语或宾语；作宾语时可省略。 who与that的区别： 指人时，who和that通常可以互换 但who更常用于指人，that更常用于指物 在口语中，who作宾语时也可用whom（更正式） 【例7-3 基础建构】合并句子，用who引导的定语从句。 (1) I like musicians. They are creative. → __________________________________________________ (2) The girl is a poet. She is wearing purple. → __________________________________________________ (3) The man is my teacher. I met him at the concert. → __________________________________________________ 【例7-4 关系代词选择】用that/which/who填空。 (1) I love music __________ has a strong rhythm. (2) I like musicians __________ can write their own songs. (3) The song __________ I heard yesterday is wonderful. (4) The girl __________ is playing the piano is my sister. 1.3 关系代词在从句中的作用 （1）作主语（不可省略） 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，不能省略。因为省略后从句就没有主语了。 I like music that tells a story.（that作主语，不可省略） The musician who wrote this song is gifted.（who作主语，不可省略） （2）作宾语（可省略） 当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。因为从句的主语和谓语已经完整。 I like the song (that/which) he wrote.（作wrote的宾语，可省略） The girl (who) I met is a pianist.（作met的宾语，可省略） 【例7-5 省略判断】判断下列定语从句中关系代词是否可以省略，并说明理由。 (1) I like music that has beautiful lyrics. → 可否省略：__________ 理由：________________________________________ (2) The song which he wrote is my favourite. → 可否省略：__________ 理由：________________________________________ (3) The musician who won the prize is very young. → 可否省略：__________ 理由：________________________________________ (4) The girl who I met at the party is a singer. → 可否省略：__________ 理由：________________________________________ 1.4 易错点深度辨析与拓展铺垫 拓展思考：定语从句 ≈ 形容词？ 类别 例子 功能 形容词 I like soft music. 一个词修饰名词 介词短语 I like music with a soft melody. 短语修饰名词 定语从句 I like music that is soft. 一个句子修饰名词 "soft"、"with a soft melody"和"that is soft"——它们都在回答同一个问题："What kind of music?"。定语从句本质上就是一个"句子版的形容词"。这个理解在以后学习分词作定语时会很有帮助！ 易错点1：关系代词混淆 ✗ I like music who has beautiful lyrics.（who不能指物） ✓ I like music that/which has beautiful lyrics. 易错点2：从句中动词的人称和数 I like music that tells a story.（music是单数，tells加s） I like musicians who write their own songs.（musicians是复数，write用原形） 易错点3：介词+关系代词的位置 口语中：This is the music which I listened to yesterday. 正式语中：This is the music to which I listened yesterday. 注意：介词后指物只能用which，不能用that 易错点4：关系代词作宾语时不要多写代词 ✗ This is the song I like it.（it多余） ✓ This is the song (that) I like. 口诀记录： 模块二 词汇主题：音乐类词汇（20分钟） 2.1 核心词汇表 词汇 词性 含义 搭配/用法 rhythm n. __________ strong rhythm; sense of rhythm melody n. __________ beautiful melody; soft melody lyric n. __________ beautiful lyrics; write lyrics instrument n. __________ musical instrument; play an instrument performance n. __________ give a performance; live performance musician n. __________ a gifted musician; famous musician composer n. __________ a great composer; compose music energetic adj. __________ energetic music; full of energy traditional adj. __________ traditional music; traditional instrument creative adj. __________ creative musician; be creative touch v. __________ touch one's heart; be touched by communicate v. __________ communicate through music; communicate emotions 【例7-6 词汇运用】根据句意和首字母提示填空。 (1) I love music that has a strong r__________. (2) The l__________ of this song are very beautiful. (3) He is a gifted m__________ who plays many instruments. (4) The e__________ music made everyone want to dance. (5) Music can c__________ emotions that words cannot express. 2.2 音乐主题短语 短语 含义 例句 sing along to __________ I like songs that I can sing along to. dance to __________ We danced to the lively music. full of joy __________ The music is full of joy. touch one's heart __________ This song touches my heart. hats off to __________ Hats off to the great musician! look down on __________ Don't look down on folk music. put one's soul into __________ He put his soul into the performance. make a difference __________ Music makes a difference in our lives. 【例7-7 短语运用】用所给短语的适当形式填空。 (sing along to, dance to, touch one's heart, hats off to, put one's soul into) (1) I like pop songs that I can __________. (2) The beautiful melody __________. (3) __________ the musicians who created such wonderful music! (4) The pianist __________ every note he played. 模块三 交际句型：谈论音乐喜好（10分钟） 听老师朗读对话，完成下列任务： 对话记录区： Anna: What kind of music do you like, Bob? Bob: __________________________________________________ Anna: __________________________________________________ Bob: __________________________________________________ Anna: __________________________________________________ Bob: __________________________________________________ Anna: __________________________________________________ Bob: __________________________________________________ 【例7-8 听力/阅读检测】 (1) What kind of music does Bob like? → __________________________________________________ (2) What kind of music does Anna prefer? → __________________________________________________ (3) What traditional Chinese instruments are mentioned? → __________________________________________________ (4) 找出对话中含定语从句的句子（至少4句）。 ① __________________________________________________ ② __________________________________________________ ③ __________________________________________________ ④ __________________________________________________ 模块四 写作铺垫：描述音乐喜好的句型工具箱（5分钟） 4.1 核心句型归纳 功能 句型 示例 描述喜欢的音乐 I like music that... I like music that has beautiful lyrics. 描述喜欢的音乐人 I like musicians who... I like musicians who are creative. 描述具体歌曲 The song which/that... The song which uses the erhu is my favourite. 描述音乐的作用 Music that... makes me... Music that touches my heart makes me feel peaceful. 写作示范阅读： I love music that has beautiful lyrics and a soft rhythm. My favourite songs are those that tell touching stories. I also like musicians who write their own songs because they are very creative. Traditional Chinese music is another kind of music that I enjoy. The pieces that use the erhu and pipa are especially beautiful. Music that touches my heart is powerful. It can communicate emotions that words cannot express. I believe that music makes a difference in our lives. 范文分析： 找出文中所有定语从句： ① __________________________________________________ ② __________________________________________________ ③ __________________________________________________ ④ __________________________________________________ ⑤ __________________________________________________ 文章结构：总述喜好 → __________ → __________ → __________ 认知冲突埋设 观察下面三个句子，它们都包含定语从句，但关系代词一样吗？ 句A：I like music that has beautiful lyrics. 句B：The song which he wrote is my favourite. 句C：I like musicians who are creative. 句A中，关系代词__________指物（music），在从句中作__________。 句B中，关系代词__________指物（song），在从句中作__________（可省略）。 句C中，关系代词__________指人（musicians），在从句中作__________。 思考题： 为什么有的关系代词可以省略，有的不可以？ 如果先行词既有人又有物，该用什么关系代词？ 先行词被最高级修饰时，关系代词是否有特殊要求？ （以上问题将在第2讲揭晓答案，请先记录你的猜想。） 课堂练习（15分钟） 一、单项选择（每题2分，共10分） 1. I like music __________ has beautiful lyrics. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 1. The musician __________ wrote this song is very creative. A. which B. who C. whose D. what 1. I prefer songs __________ I can sing along to. A. who B. whose C. that D. what 1. The girl __________ is playing the piano is my sister. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 1. This is the most beautiful song __________ I have ever heard. A. which B. that C. who D. what 二、用适当的关系代词填空（每空1分，共10分） 1. I love music __________ has a strong rhythm. 1. I like musicians __________ are creative. 1. The song __________ he wrote is very popular. 1. The girl __________ is wearing a red dress is my sister. 1. This is the best movie __________ I have ever seen. 1. I prefer music __________ I can dance to. 1. The musician __________ won the prize is very young. 1. The piece __________ uses the erhu and pipa is my favourite. 1. The boy __________ I met at the concert is a pianist. 1. I like songs __________ have beautiful lyrics. 三、合并句子（每题2分，共10分） 1. I like music. The music is energetic. → I like music __________ __________ energetic. 1. The song is my favourite. It uses the erhu. → The song __________ __________ the erhu is my favourite. 1. The girl is a singer. She is wearing purple. → The girl __________ __________ __________ purple is a singer. 1. I love the piece. He played it at the concert. → I love the piece __________ __________ __________ at the concert. 1. The musician is very gifted. He wrote this song. → The musician __________ __________ this song is very gifted. 四、阅读理解（共5分） 听老师朗读短文，完成下列题目： 短文记录区： 1. What kind of music does the writer like?（1分） → __________________________________________________ 1. What did the writer do last weekend?（1分） → __________________________________________________ 1. What instruments did the musicians play?（1分） → __________________________________________________ 1. How did people feel about the slow song?（1分） → __________________________________________________ 1. 找出文中含定语从句的句子（至少3句）。（1分） ① __________________________________________________ ② __________________________________________________ ③ __________________________________________________ 课堂小结（5分钟） 知识网络构建 第1讲知识地图：Music That Touches the Heart 1. 定语从句（核心语法） 1.1 概念：________________________________________ 1.2 that引导：指人/指物，作主语/宾语 1.3 which引导：，作主语/宾语 1.4 who引导：，作主语/宾语 1.5 关系代词作主语__________省略，作宾语__________省略 1. 词汇主题：rhythm / __________ / __________ / __________ / performance / __________ / __________ / energetic 1. 交际句型：What kind of music do you like? / I like music that... / I like musicians who... 1. 写作句型：描述音乐喜好和音乐作用 课后巩固作业（30分钟） 一、单项选择（每题2分，共10分） 1. I like music __________ has a strong rhythm. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 1. The musician __________ wrote this song is very gifted. A. which B. who C. whose D. what 1. The song __________ I heard yesterday is wonderful. A. who B. whose C. that D. what 1. The girl __________ is playing the piano is my sister. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 1. This is the most touching song __________ I have ever heard. A. which B. that C. who D. what 二、用适当的关系代词填空（每空1分，共10分） 1. I love music __________ is full of energy. 1. I like musicians __________ are creative. 1. The song __________ she sang was beautiful. 1. The boy __________ is sitting there is my brother. 1. This is the best book __________ I have ever read. 1. I prefer music __________ I can dance to. 1. The musician __________ won the prize is very young. 1. The piece __________ uses the violin is my favourite. 1. The girl __________ I met at the party is a singer. 1. I like songs __________ tell touching stories. 三、合并句子（每题2分，共10分） 1. I like music. The music is soft. → I like music __________ __________ soft. 1. The song is popular. It uses the guitar. → The song __________ __________ the guitar is popular. 1. The girl is a poet. She is wearing purple. → The girl __________ __________ __________ purple is a poet. 1. I love the piece. He played it at the concert. → I love the piece __________ __________ __________ at the concert. 1. The musician is gifted. He wrote this piece. → The musician __________ __________ this piece is gifted. 四、短文填空（每题2分，共10分） Music is a universal language 1 connects people around the world. I love music 2 has a strong rhythm. I also like musicians 3 are creative and write their own songs. Last month, I went to a concert 4 was held at the city hall. The musicians 5 performed on stage were amazing. There was one piece that really touched my heart. 1. A. who B. which C. that D. what 1. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 1. A. which B. who C. whose D. what 1. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 1. A. which B. who C. whose D. what 回环挑战题（深化拓展区） 设计意图：从不同角度反复回扣核心语法点，实现"知识进化"——不是做更多题，而是想更深。 回环挑战1：关系代词辨析 判断下列句子中关系代词使用是否正确，错误的请改正。 (1) I like music who has beautiful lyrics. → __________________________________________________ (2) The girl which is singing on stage is my sister. → __________________________________________________ (3) The song that he wrote is very popular. → __________________________________________________ (4) I like musicians who are creative. → __________________________________________________ (5) This is the most beautiful song which I have ever heard. → __________________________________________________ 回环挑战2：省略判断与解释 判断下列句子中关系代词能否省略，并说明理由。 (1) I like music that is soft and quiet. → 可否省略：__________ 理由：________________________________________ (2) The song which he wrote for his mother is touching. → 可否省略：__________ 理由：________________________________________ (3) The musician who won the competition is only 15. → 可否省略：__________ 理由：________________________________________ (4) The girl who I met at the concert is a pianist. → 可否省略：__________ 理由：________________________________________ (5) This is the best song that I have ever heard. → 可否省略：__________ 理由：________________________________________ 回环挑战3：句子合并（进阶） 将下列每组句子合并为一个含定语从句的复合句。 (1) I have a friend. She plays the piano very well. → __________________________________________________ (2) The song is very popular. It uses the erhu and pipa. → __________________________________________________ (3) I like musicians. They are creative and write their own songs. → __________________________________________________ (4) The concert was amazing. We went to it last weekend. → __________________________________________________ (5) He is the boy. He won the music competition. → __________________________________________________ 回环挑战4：语境填空（语篇层面） 在下面短文的空白处填入适当的关系代词（that/which/who）。 I have a friend 1 loves music very much. She likes musicians 2 are creative and can write their own songs. Her favourite band is a group 3 plays rock music. Last month, she went to a concert 4 was held in the city park. The musicians 5 performed there were amazing. She said it was the best concert 6 she had ever been to. 1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 1. __________ 5. __________ 6. __________ 回环挑战5：深层融合题 本题综合考查定语从句的核心能力——成分判断、简单句转换、正误辨析，三个维度环环相扣。 第一部分：成分判断——指出下列定语从句中关系代词在从句中作什么成分（主语/宾语）。 (1) I like music that tells a story. → 成分：__________ (2) The song which he wrote is beautiful. → 成分：__________ (3) The musician who won the prize is young. → 成分：__________ (4) The girl who I met is a singer. → 成分：__________ (5) This is the book that I like best. → 成分：__________ 第二部分：简单句转换——将下列定语从句改写为简单句（形容词+名词结构或分词短语）。 (1) I like music that is soft. → __________________________________________________ (2) The musician who is playing the piano is my brother. → __________________________________________________ (3) The song that he wrote is very popular. → __________________________________________________ (4) I like music that is energetic. → __________________________________________________ (5) The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister. → __________________________________________________ 第三部分：判断正误——下列句子中哪些是正确的？错误的请改正。 (1) I like music who has beautiful lyrics. → __________________________________________________ (2) This is the most beautiful song which I have ever heard. → __________________________________________________ (3) The musician who wrote this song is gifted. → __________________________________________________ (4) I like the song that I heard it yesterday. → __________________________________________________ (5) The girl who is singing is my sister. → __________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm 教师版讲义 第1讲 + 第2讲 完整版 · 新教材同步 · 中考提分专用 Big Question: Why do we need music? 核心语法：定语从句（that / which / who 引导） 配套拓展：音乐主题词汇 · 音乐喜好表达 · 说明文写作 —— 2026秋新版人教版九年级英语上册 · 教师版讲义 —— 第1讲 Music That Touches the Heart（触动心灵的音乐） 课时：120分钟 | 课型：语法建构 + 词汇奠基 教学规划总览 教学环节 时间 内容定位 课前测 10分钟 旧知激活 · 形容词从句概念预热 + 音乐主题热身 讲题 5分钟 课前测逐题精讲 课堂授课 80分钟 核心语法建构（定语从句：that/which/who引导）+ 音乐主题词汇 课堂练习 15分钟 限时训练 · 新语境检测 讲解 5分钟 练习精讲 · 规律提炼 课堂小结 5分钟 知识网络构建 · 课后任务布置 课后作业：约30分钟题量（见讲末） 课前测（10分钟） 设计意图：激活学生关于"音乐"话题的词汇储备，回顾简单句合并方法，为定语从句的学习搭建认知桥梁。 一、单项选择（每题2分，共6分） 1. I like music __________ has beautiful lyrics. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 解析：本题考查定语从句关系代词。先行词music是物，用which或that引导。A项who指人，C项whose表所属，D项whom指人作宾语。正确答案：B。 1. The musician __________ wrote this song is very creative. A. which B. who C. whose D. what 解析：先行词musician是人，用who或that引导。A项which指物，C项whose表所属，D项what不能引导定语从句。正确答案：B。 1. I prefer songs __________ I can sing along to. A. who B. whose C. that D. what 解析：先行词songs是物，用that或which引导。that在从句中作宾语（sing along to的宾语），可以省略。A项who指人。正确答案：C。 二、合并句子（每题2分，共4分） 1. I like the song. The song tells a sad story. → I like the song __________ tells a sad story. 解析：两个句子共享名词the song，用that或which连接，在从句中作主语。正确答案：that/which。 1. The girl is my friend. She plays the piano well. → The girl __________ plays the piano well is my friend. 解析：两个句子共享名词The girl，用who或that连接，在从句中作主语。正确答案：who/that。 讲题环节（5分钟） 备课批注：逐题带领学生回顾：定语从句的概念——一个句子充当定语修饰名词；关系代词的选择——指人用who/that，指物用which/that。第4-5题为第1讲核心内容做铺垫。 课堂授课（80分钟） 模块一 核心语法：定语从句（上）—— that / which / who 引导（45分钟） 1.1 概念引入：什么是定语从句？ 认知重构策略：先让学生理解"定语"的概念（修饰名词的成分），再从"一个词做定语"过渡到"一个句子做定语"。 板书呈现对比： 简单定语（词/短语） 定语从句（完整句子） I like beautiful music. I like music that is beautiful. I like Chinese music. I like music that is Chinese. I like soft music. I like music that is soft. 教师话术："同学们看左边，形容词放在名词前做定语。右边呢？一个完整的句子放在名词后面做定语——这就是定语从句。简单来说，就是一个句子被'装进'了名词后面，用来修饰这个名词。" 结论提炼（板书加粗）： 定语从句：在主从复合句中，修饰主句中某个名词或代词的句子。 被修饰的名词/代词叫先行词 引导定语从句的词叫关系代词 结构：先行词 + 关系代词 + 从句 1.2 关系代词 that / which / who 的用法 （1）that —— 既可以指人，也可以指物 结构公式：先行词（人/物）+ that + 从句 that在从句中可充当主语或宾语 作宾语时可省略 指物：I love music that tells a story. 指人：He is the boy that plays the piano well. 【例7-1 基础建构】合并句子，用that引导的定语从句。 (1) I like music. The music has beautiful lyrics. → I like music that has beautiful lyrics. 解析：先行词music是物，that在从句中作主语。从句"that has beautiful lyrics"修饰music。 (2) The song is my favourite. The song uses the violin. → The song that uses the violin is my favourite. 解析：先行词The song是物，that在从句中作主语。 (3) He is the boy. The boy won the music competition. → He is the boy that won the music competition. 解析：先行词the boy是人，that在从句中作主语。 （2）which —— 只指物 结构公式：先行词（物）+ which + 从句 which在从句中可充当主语或宾语 作宾语时可省略 [认知冲突插曲] 教师话术：同学们，注意看——当先行词被最高级修饰时，比如"the most beautiful song"，情况就变得特殊了。请大家先猜一猜下面这个空该填什么： This is the most beautiful song __________ I have ever heard. 学生可能会填which（因为指物）。但是请记住这个悬念——实际上这里只能用that！我们暂时不解释原因，等第2讲学到"只用that的五种特殊情况"时，你会恍然大悟。现在先把它记在笔记本上，打上星号。 which与that的区别： 指物时，which和that通常可以互换 但介词后只能用which（如：the music about which we talked） 非限制性定语从句（有逗号隔开）只能用which 【例7-2 基础建构】合并句子，用which引导的定语从句。 (1) I prefer music. It is full of joy. → I prefer music which is full of joy. 解析：先行词music是物，which在从句中作主语。 (2) The piece is called Horse Racing. It uses the erhu. → The piece which uses the erhu is called Horse Racing. 解析：先行词The piece是物，which在从句中作主语。 (3) I love the song. He wrote it last year. → I love the song which he wrote last year. 解析：先行词the song是物，which在从句中作wrote的宾语，可省略。 （3）who —— 只指人 结构公式：先行词（人）+ who + 从句 who在从句中可充当主语或宾语 作宾语时可省略 who与that的区别： 指人时，who和that通常可以互换 但who更常用于指人，that更常用于指物 在口语中，who作宾语时也可用whom（更正式） 【例7-3 基础建构】合并句子，用who引导的定语从句。 (1) I like musicians. They are creative. → I like musicians who are creative. 解析：先行词musicians是人，who在从句中作主语。 (2) The girl is a poet. She is wearing purple. → The girl who is wearing purple is a poet. 解析：先行词The girl是人，who在从句中作主语。 (3) The man is my teacher. I met him at the concert. → The man who I met at the concert is my teacher. 解析：先行词The man是人，who在从句中作met的宾语，可省略。 【例7-4 关系代词选择】用that/which/who填空。 (1) I love music __________ has a strong rhythm. → that/which 解析：先行词music是物。 (2) I like musicians __________ can write their own songs. → who/that 解析：先行词musicians是人。 (3) The song __________ I heard yesterday is wonderful. → that/which 解析：先行词The song是物，在从句中作宾语可省略。 (4) The girl __________ is playing the piano is my sister. → who/that 解析：先行词The girl是人。 1.3 关系代词在从句中的作用 （1）作主语（不可省略） 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，不能省略。因为省略后从句就没有主语了。 I like music that tells a story.（that作主语，不可省略） The musician who wrote this song is gifted.（who作主语，不可省略） ✗ I like music tells a story.（缺少主语） （2）作宾语（可省略） 当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。因为从句的主语和谓语已经完整。 I like the song (that/which) he wrote.（作wrote的宾语，可省略） The girl (who) I met is a pianist.（作met的宾语，可省略） This is the music (that/which) I like best.（作like的宾语，可省略） 【例7-5 省略判断】判断下列定语从句中关系代词是否可以省略。 (1) I like music that has beautiful lyrics. → 不可省略。that在从句中作主语。 (2) The song which he wrote is my favourite. → 可省略。which在从句中作wrote的宾语。 (3) The musician who won the prize is very young. → 不可省略。who在从句中作主语。 (4) The girl who I met at the party is a singer. → 可省略。who在从句中作met的宾语。 1.4 易错点深度辨析与拓展铺垫 [拓展铺垫：定语从句 ≈ 形容词] 教师话术："同学们，我们来做一个有趣的思考。定语从句的本质是什么？其实，定语从句 ≈ 一个放大了的形容词。" 板书对比： 类别 例子 功能 形容词 I like soft music. 一个词修饰名词 介词短语 I like music with a soft melody. 短语修饰名词 定语从句 I like music that is soft. 一个句子修饰名词 教师话术："你看，'soft'、'with a soft melody'和'that is soft'——它们都在回答同一个问题：'What kind of music?'。只是从左到右，信息量越来越大，结构越来越复杂。定语从句本质上就是一个'句子版的形容词'。这个理解在你们以后学习非谓语动词（分词作定语）时会有大用处——因为那时你会发现，定语从句还可以进一步简化成分词短语。" 这个铺垫能帮助学生建立"定语从句 = 形容词的扩展版本"这一深层认知，为后续学习分词作定语打下基础。 易错点1：关系代词混淆 ✗ I like music who has beautiful lyrics.（who不能指物） ✓ I like music that/which has beautiful lyrics. 易错点2：从句中动词的人称和数 定语从句的动词应与先行词保持一致 I like music that tells a story.（music是单数，tells加s） I like musicians who write their own songs.（musicians是复数，write用原形） 易错点3：介词+关系代词的位置 口语中：This is the music which I listened to yesterday. 正式语中：This is the music to which I listened yesterday. 注意：介词后指物只能用which，不能用that 易错点4：关系代词作宾语遗漏主语 ✗ This is the song I like it.（it多余） ✓ This is the song (that) I like.（关系代词已代替it） 口诀记忆法： "定语从句并不难，先行词后面把句嵌； 指人用who或that，指物which和that； 作主不能省，作宾可省略； 动词跟着先行变，人称数要一致。" 模块二 词汇主题：音乐类词汇（20分钟） 2.1 核心词汇表 词汇 词性 含义 搭配/用法 rhythm n. 节奏；韵律 strong rhythm; sense of rhythm melody n. 旋律 beautiful melody; soft melody lyric n. 歌词 beautiful lyrics; write lyrics instrument n. 乐器 musical instrument; play an instrument performance n. 表演；演出 give a performance; live performance musician n. 音乐家 a gifted musician; famous musician composer n. 作曲家 a great composer; compose music energetic adj. 充满活力的 energetic music; full of energy traditional adj. 传统的 traditional music; traditional instrument creative adj. 有创造力的 creative musician; be creative touch v. 触动；感动 touch one's heart; be touched by communicate v. 交流；传达 communicate through music; communicate emotions 【例7-6 词汇运用】根据句意和首字母提示填空。 (1) I love music that has a strong r__________. → rhythm 解析：句意"我喜欢节奏感强的音乐"。rhythm意为"节奏"。 (2) The l__________ of this song are very beautiful. → lyrics 解析：句意"这首歌的______很美"。lyrics意为"歌词"。 (3) He is a gifted m__________ who plays many instruments. → musician 解析：句意"他是一位有天赋的______"。musician意为"音乐家"。 (4) The e__________ music made everyone want to dance. → energetic 解析：句意"的音乐让每个人都想跳舞"。energetic意为"充满活力的"。 (5) Music can c____ emotions that words cannot express. → communicate 解析：句意"音乐能______语言无法表达的情感"。communicate意为"传达"。 2.2 音乐主题短语 短语 含义 例句 sing along to 跟着……唱 I like songs that I can sing along to. dance to 随着……跳舞 We danced to the lively music. full of joy 充满喜悦 The music is full of joy. touch one's heart 触动心灵 This song touches my heart. hats off to 向……致敬 Hats off to the great musician! look down on 轻视；看不起 Don't look down on folk music. put one's soul into 全身心投入 He put his soul into the performance. make a difference 产生影响 Music makes a difference in our lives. 【例7-7 短语运用】用所给短语的适当形式填空。 (sing along to, dance to, touch one's heart, hats off to, put one's soul into) (1) I like pop songs that I can __________. → sing along to 解析：sing along to意为"跟着唱"。 (2) The beautiful melody __________. → touches my heart 解析：touch one's heart意为"触动心灵"。 (3) __________ the musicians who created such wonderful music! → Hats off to 解析：hats off to意为"向……致敬"。 (4) The pianist __________ every note he played. → put his soul into 解析：put one's soul into意为"全身心投入"。 模块三 交际句型：谈论音乐喜好（10分钟） 教师朗读稿（替代听力材料）： Anna and Bob are talking about their favourite music. Anna: What kind of music do you like, Bob? Bob: I love music that has a strong rhythm. Energetic music makes me feel excited. What about you? Anna: I prefer music that tells a story. I like songs that have beautiful lyrics. Bob: Do you like musicians who write their own songs? Anna: Yes, I really admire musicians who are creative. How about you? Bob: I like traditional Chinese music. The pieces that use the erhu and pipa are my favourites. Anna: I also enjoy music that touches my heart. Music that makes me feel something is powerful. Bob: I agree. Music that communicates emotions is truly special. 【例7-8 听力/阅读检测】 (1) What kind of music does Bob like? → Music that has a strong rhythm. / Energetic music. 解析：原文"I love music that has a strong rhythm." (2) What kind of music does Anna prefer? → Music that tells a story. / Songs that have beautiful lyrics. 解析：原文"I prefer music that tells a story." (3) What traditional Chinese instruments are mentioned? → The erhu and pipa. 解析：原文"The pieces that use the erhu and pipa are my favourites." (4) 找出对话中含定语从句的句子（至少4句）。→ ① I love music that has a strong rhythm. ② I prefer music that tells a story. ③ I like songs that have beautiful lyrics. ④ I really admire musicians who are creative. ⑤ The pieces that use the erhu and pipa are my favourites. ⑥ Music that touches my heart is powerful. ⑦ Music that communicates emotions is truly special. 模块四 写作铺垫：描述音乐喜好的句型工具箱（5分钟） 4.1 核心句型归纳 功能 句型 示例 描述喜欢的音乐 I like music that... I like music that has beautiful lyrics. 描述喜欢的音乐人 I like musicians who... I like musicians who are creative. 描述具体歌曲 The song which/that... The song which uses the erhu is my favourite. 描述音乐的作用 Music that... makes me... Music that touches my heart makes me feel peaceful. 【写作示范】 I love music that has beautiful lyrics and a soft rhythm. My favourite songs are those that tell touching stories. I also like musicians who write their own songs because they are very creative. Traditional Chinese music is another kind of music that I enjoy. The pieces that use the erhu and pipa are especially beautiful. Music that touches my heart is powerful. It can communicate emotions that words cannot express. I believe that music makes a difference in our lives. 范文解析： 定语从句：music that has... / songs that tell... / musicians who write... / music that touches... 结构：总述喜好 → 具体类型 → 传统音乐 → 音乐的意义 认知冲突埋设 观察下面三个句子，它们都包含定语从句，但关系代词一样吗？ 句A：I like music that has beautiful lyrics. 句B：The song which he wrote is my favourite. 句C：I like musicians who are creative. 句A中，关系代词__________指物（music），在从句中作__________。 句B中，关系代词__________指物（song），在从句中作__________（可省略）。 句C中，关系代词__________指人（musicians），在从句中作__________。 为什么有的关系代词可以省略，有的不可以？如果先行词既有人又有物，该用什么关系代词？先行词被最高级修饰时，关系代词是否有特殊要求？我们将在第2讲揭晓答案。 备课批注：这个"认知冲突"段落的目的是让学生对比三种关系代词的差异。第2讲学习关系代词省略规则和只用that的特殊情况时，学生能建立完整的定语从句体系。 课堂练习（15分钟） 一、单项选择（每题2分，共10分） 1. I like music __________ has beautiful lyrics. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom → [B] 解析：先行词music是物，用which/that。A项who指人。 1. The musician __________ wrote this song is very creative. A. which B. who C. whose D. what → [B] 解析：先行词musician是人，用who/that。 1. I prefer songs __________ I can sing along to. A. who B. whose C. that D. what → [C] 解析：先行词songs是物，用that/which。that在从句中作宾语。 1. The girl __________ is playing the piano is my sister. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom → [A] 解析：先行词The girl是人，用who/that。 1. This is the most beautiful song __________ I have ever heard. A. which B. that C. who D. what → [B] 解析：先行词被最高级most beautiful修饰，只能用that。 二、用适当的关系代词填空（每空1分，共10分） 1. I love music __________ has a strong rhythm. 1. I like musicians __________ are creative. 1. The song __________ he wrote is very popular. 1. The girl __________ is wearing a red dress is my sister. 1. This is the best movie __________ I have ever seen. 1. I prefer music __________ I can dance to. 1. The musician __________ won the prize is very young. 1. The piece __________ uses the erhu and pipa is my favourite. 1. The boy __________ I met at the concert is a pianist. 1. I like songs __________ have beautiful lyrics. 三、合并句子（每题2分，共10分） 1. I like music. The music is energetic. → I like music __________ __________ energetic. 1. The song is my favourite. It uses the erhu. → The song __________ __________ the erhu is my favourite. 1. The girl is a singer. She is wearing purple. → The girl __________ __________ __________ purple is a singer. 1. I love the piece. He played it at the concert. → I love the piece __________ __________ __________ at the concert. 1. The musician is very gifted. He wrote this song. → The musician __________ __________ this song is very gifted. 四、阅读理解（共5分） 教师朗读稿： Music is a universal language that connects people from all over the world. I love music that has a strong rhythm and beautiful lyrics. My favourite band is a group of young musicians who write their own songs. Last weekend, I went to a concert that was held in the city hall. The musicians who performed on stage were amazing. They played many instruments, including the guitar, drums, and keyboard. The songs that they played were full of energy. There was one piece that really touched my heart. It was a slow song that told a sad love story. The singer who sang it had a beautiful voice. Everyone who was there felt moved by the music. 1. What kind of music does the writer like?（1分）→ Music that has a strong rhythm and beautiful lyrics. 1. What did the writer do last weekend?（1分）→ He/She went to a concert. 1. What instruments did the musicians play?（1分）→ Guitar, drums, and keyboard. 1. How did people feel about the slow song?（1分）→ They felt moved by the music. 1. 找出文中含定语从句的句子（至少3句）。（1分）→ ① Music is a universal language that connects people... ② I love music that has a strong rhythm... ③ ...a group of young musicians who write their own songs. ④ I went to a concert that was held in the city hall. ⑤ The musicians who performed on stage were amazing. ⑥ There was one piece that really touched my heart. 练习讲解（5分钟） 备课批注：重点讲解第5题（先行词被最高级修饰时只能用that）。答题技巧总结：一看先行词（人/物）→ 二看关系代词在从句中的作用（主语/宾语）→ 三看特殊规则（最高级/序数词等）。 课堂小结（5分钟） 知识网络构建 第1讲知识地图：Music That Touches the Heart 1. 定语从句（核心语法） 1.1 概念：修饰名词的句子 1.2 that引导：指人/指物，作主语/宾语 1.3 which引导：指物，作主语/宾语 1.4 who引导：指人，作主语/宾语 1.5 关系代词作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略 1. 词汇主题：rhythm / melody / lyric / instrument / performance / musician / composer / energetic 1. 交际句型：What kind of music do you like? / I like music that... / I like musicians who... 1. 写作句型：描述音乐喜好和音乐作用 课后巩固作业（30分钟） 一、单项选择（每题2分，共10分） 1. I like music __________ has a strong rhythm. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom → [B] 解析：先行词music是物。 1. The musician __________ wrote this song is very gifted. A. which B. who C. whose D. what → [B] 解析：先行词musician是人。 1. The song __________ I heard yesterday is wonderful. A. who B. whose C. that D. what → [C] 解析：先行词The song是物，在从句中作宾语。 1. The girl __________ is playing the piano is my sister. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom → [A] 解析：先行词The girl是人。 1. This is the most touching song __________ I have ever heard. A. which B. that C. who D. what → [B] 解析：先行词被最高级most touching修饰，只能用that。 二、用适当的关系代词填空（每空1分，共10分） 1. I love music __________ is full of energy. 1. I like musicians __________ are creative. 1. The song __________ she sang was beautiful. 1. The boy __________ is sitting there is my brother. 1. This is the best book __________ I have ever read. 1. I prefer music __________ I can dance to. 1. The musician __________ won the prize is very young. 1. The piece __________ uses the violin is my favourite. 1. The girl __________ I met at the party is a singer. 1. I like songs __________ tell touching stories. 三、合并句子（每题2分，共10分） 1. I like music. The music is soft. → I like music __________ __________ soft. 1. The song is popular. It uses the guitar. → The song __________ __________ the guitar is popular. 1. The girl is a poet. She is wearing purple. → The girl __________ __________ __________ purple is a poet. 1. I love the piece. He played it at the concert. → I love the piece __________ __________ __________ at the concert. 1. The musician is gifted. He wrote this piece. → The musician __________ __________ this piece is gifted. 四、短文填空（每题2分，共10分） Music is a universal language 1 connects people around the world. I love music 2 has a strong rhythm. I also like musicians 3 are creative and write their own songs. Last month, I went to a concert 4 was held at the city hall. The musicians 5 performed on stage were amazing. There was one piece that really touched my heart. 1. A. who B. which C. that D. what → [C] 解析：先行词language是物，that/which均可。 1. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom → [B] 解析：先行词music是物。 1. A. which B. who C. whose D. what → [B] 解析：先行词musicians是人。 1. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom → [B] 解析：先行词concert是物。 1. A. which B. who C. whose D. what → [B] 解析：先行词musicians是人。 回环挑战题（深化拓展区） 设计意图：回环挑战题旨在引导学生从不同角度反复回扣核心语法点，实现"知识进化"——不是横向做更多题，而是纵向想更深。 回环挑战1：关系代词辨析 判断下列句子中关系代词使用是否正确，错误的请改正。 (1) I like music who has beautiful lyrics. → ✗ 改正：I like music that/which has beautiful lyrics.（who不能指物） (2) The girl which is singing on stage is my sister. → ✗ 改正：The girl who/that is singing on stage is my sister.（which不能指人） (3) The song that he wrote is very popular. → ✓ 正确（that指物，在从句中作宾语） (4) I like musicians who are creative. → ✓ 正确（who指人，在从句中作主语） (5) This is the most beautiful song which I have ever heard. → ✗ 改正：This is the most beautiful song that I have ever heard.（最高级修饰只能用that） 回环挑战2：省略判断与解释 判断下列句子中关系代词能否省略，并说明理由。 (1) I like music that is soft and quiet. → 不可省略。that在从句中作主语。 (2) The song which he wrote for his mother is touching. → 可省略。which在从句中作wrote的宾语。 (3) The musician who won the competition is only 15. → 不可省略。who在从句中作主语。 (4) The girl who I met at the concert is a pianist. → 可省略。who在从句中作met的宾语。 (5) This is the best song that I have ever heard. → 不可省略。虽然that在从句中作宾语，但先行词被最高级修饰时关系代词一般不省略（规则强化）。 回环挑战3：句子合并（进阶） 将下列每组句子合并为一个含定语从句的复合句。 (1) I have a friend. She plays the piano very well. → I have a friend who plays the piano very well. (2) The song is very popular. It uses the erhu and pipa. → The song which/that uses the erhu and pipa is very popular. (3) I like musicians. They are creative and write their own songs. → I like musicians who/that are creative and write their own songs. (4) The concert was amazing. We went to it last weekend. → The concert which/that we went to last weekend was amazing. (5) He is the boy. He won the music competition. → He is the boy who/that won the music competition. 回环挑战4：语境填空（语篇层面） 在下面短文的空白处填入适当的关系代词（that/which/who）。 I have a friend 1 loves music very much. She likes musicians 2 are creative and can write their own songs. Her favourite band is a group 3 plays rock music. Last month, she went to a concert 4 was held in the city park. The musicians 5 performed there were amazing. She said it was the best concert 6 she had ever been to. 解析：1. who/that（指人friend，在从句中作主语）2. who/that（指人musicians，在从句中作主语）3. that/which（指物group，在从句中作主语）4. that/which（指物concert，在从句中作主语）5. who/that（指人musicians，在从句中作主语）6. that（先行词被最高级the best修饰，只能用that） 回环挑战5：深层融合题（新加） 本题综合考查定语从句的核心能力——成分判断、简单句转换、正误辨析，三个维度环环相扣。 第一部分：成分判断——指出下列定语从句中关系代词在从句中作什么成分（主语/宾语）。 (1) I like music that tells a story. → 主语 (2) The song which he wrote is beautiful. → 宾语 (3) The musician who won the prize is young. → 主语 (4) The girl who I met is a singer. → 宾语 (5) This is the book that I like best. → 宾语 第二部分：简单句转换——将下列定语从句改写为简单句（形容词+名词结构或分词短语）。 (1) I like music that is soft. → I like soft music.（形容词+名词） (2) The musician who is playing the piano is my brother. → The musician playing the piano is my brother.（现在分词短语） (3) The song that he wrote is very popular. → The song written by him is very popular.（过去分词短语） (4) I like music that is energetic. → I like energetic music.（形容词+名词） (5) The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister. → The girl wearing a red dress is my sister.（现在分词短语） 第三部分：判断正误——下列句子中哪些是正确的？错误的请改正。 (1) I like music who has beautiful lyrics. → ✗ 改正：I like music that/which has beautiful lyrics. (2) This is the most beautiful song which I have ever heard. → ✗ 改正：This is the most beautiful song that I have ever heard. (3) The musician who wrote this song is gifted. → ✓ 正确 (4) I like the song that I heard it yesterday. → ✗ 改正：I like the song that I heard yesterday.（去掉多余的it） (5) The girl who is singing is my sister. → ✓ 正确 备课批注：回环挑战5的设计逻辑——三个部分从"识别成分"到"句式转换"再到"正误判断"，思维层级逐步升高。第一部分的成分判断训练学生分析关系代词功能的能力；第二部分的简单句转换回扣1.4节中"定语从句≈形容词"的拓展铺垫，让学生看到定语从句与形容词、分词之间的内在联系；第三部分的判断正误则训练学生的纠错敏感度。三层递进，真正实现"知识进化"——从能看懂，到能转换，再到能纠错。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $