Unit5语法(后缀-y)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

该初中英语导学案以Unit5 "Amazing Places"为主题，聚焦构词法后缀-y的核心语法点，学习目标为掌握名词加-y变形容词的规则及语境应用。学案通过“核心规则讲解-单元词汇汇总-典型例句示范-高频易错提醒-分层练习巩固”的递进式设计，构建完整的语法学习路径，体现知识建构的系统性和连贯性。 亮点在于结合单元主题“Amazing Places”设计语境化学习任务，如典型例句“It’s sunny today. We can visit amazing natural places”，练习中的汉译英任务“明天天晴，我们可以去参观奇妙的景点”，促进学生在真实情境中运用语法知识，培养语言能力和学习能力。高频易错提醒精准指出常见错误，分层练习覆盖词形转换、句型转换等多维度，为教师实施单元复习提供针对性强的教学支持，助力学生深度学习和能力提升。

Unit5 Amazing Places语法讲解与练习 语法：构词法后缀-y 一、核心规则 名词+ -y → 形容词 含义：充满……；具有…… 性质；像…… 变化规则（重中之重） 1.一般名词直接加-y wind → windy；rain → rainy；snow → snowy；cloud → cloudy 2.以不发音字母 e结尾：去e + -y noise → noisy；ice → icy 3.重读闭音节：辅+元+辅结尾,双写末尾辅音字母+ -y sun → sunny；fog → foggy 4.特例：luck → lucky；health → healthy；sleep → sleepy；taste → tasty 二、单元重点词汇汇总 名词 形容词(-y) 中文 wind windy 有风的 rain rainy 下雨的 snow snowy 下雪的 cloud cloudy 多云的 sun sunny 晴朗的 fog foggy 有雾的 noise noisy 吵闹的 ice icy 冰冷的；结冰的 luck lucky 幸运的 health healthy 健康的 sleep sleepy 困倦的 taste tasty 美味的 mess messy 杂乱的 三、典型例句（贴合单元 Amazing Places） 1.It’s sunny today. We can visit amazing natural places. 今天天晴，我们可以去奇妙的自然景点游玩。 2.The weather becomes foggy in the mountains early in the morning. 清晨山里起雾。 3.Don’t be so noisy. We are enjoying the beautiful scenery. 不要太吵闹，我们正在欣赏美景。 4.The water in the lake is icy. 湖里的水冰冷刺骨。 ⚠️高频易错提醒 1.sunny 双写n，不要写成 suny ✘ 2.noisy 需要去掉e，不要写成 noisey ✘ 3.-y 后缀构成的大多是形容词，常在系动词后作表语，或修饰名词 4.区分：wind（n. 风）/windy（adj. 有风的），词性转换是考试必考 【配套练习】 一、词形转换（按规则变为 -y形容词） 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.sun → ________ 2.wind → ________ 3.rain → ________ 4.snow → ________ 5.cloud → ________ 6.fog → ________ 7.noise → ________ 8.ice → ________ 9.luck → ________ 10.health → ________ 11.sleep → ________ 12.taste → ________ 13.mess → ________ 14.storm → ________ 15.mud → ________ 16.dirt → ________ 17.bush → ________ 18.cream → ________ 19.risk → ________ 20.juice → ________ 二、单项选择 1.It will be ________ tomorrow. We can go to the mountain. A. sun B. sunny C. suns D. sunning 2.It’s ________ outside. Please take your raincoat. A. rain B. rains C. rainy D. raining 3.The road is ________. Drive carefully. A. ice B. icy C. icing D. iced 4.Stop making so much ________. Don’t be ________. A. noise; noisy B. noisy; noise C. noise; noise D. noisy; noisy 5.We are ________ to see so many amazing places. A. luck B. lucky C. luckily D. lucks 6.You should keep ________ eating habits when travelling. A. health B. healthy C. healthily D. healthier 7.After a long walk, I feel ________ and want to rest. A. sleep B. sleepy C. asleep D. sleeping 8.The weather is ________. You can’t see far in the mountains. A. fog B. foggy C. fogging D. fogged 9.The kitchen is ________. Let’s clean it up. A. mess B. messy C. messing D. messes 10.The cake looks good and it is ________. A. taste B. tasty C. tasting D. tasted 11.It’s ________. You can see white clouds everywhere. A. cloud B. cloudy C. clouds D. clouding 12.It’s ________ in winter in the north. Lots of snow falls. A. snow B. snowy C. snows D. snowing 13.There is strong ________ today. It’s quite ________. A. wind; windy B. windy; wind C. wind; wind D. windy; windy 14.Don’t walk on the ________ lake. It’s dangerous. A. ice B. icy C. icing D. icey 15.The ground is ________ after the heavy rain. A. mud B. muddy C. mudding D. muded 三、用括号内单词适当形式填空 1.What’s the weather like today? Is it ________ (sun)? 2.It was ________ (rain) yesterday, so we stayed in the hotel. 3.Be careful! The path is ________ (ice). 4.Please keep quiet. Don’t be so ________ (noise). 5.He is ________ (luck) enough to visit many amazing places. 6.You need to keep ________ (health) food with you during the trip. 7.After climbing mountains all day, she felt ________ (sleep). 8.The morning in the valley is ________ (fog). We could hardly see anything. 9.Your room is so ________ (mess). Please tidy it up. 10.The fruit salad looks beautiful and it is ________ (taste). 四、句型转换 1.It often rains in spring.（同义句） It is often ________ in spring. 2.There is much wind today.（同义句） It is ________ today. 3.The sun is shining.（同义句） It is a ________ day. 4.There is lots of noise in the street.（同义句） The street is ________. 5.The lake is covered with ice.（同义句） The lake is ________. 6.He has good luck.（同义句） He is ________. 7.We should have good health.（同义句） We should keep ________. 8.There is thick fog in the early morning.（同义句） It is ________ in the early morning. 9.Your bedroom is full of mess.（同义句） Your bedroom is ________. 10.The food has good taste.（同义句） The food is ________. 五、汉译英 1.明天天晴，我们可以去参观奇妙的景点。 ________________________________________________ 2.山里的清晨常常有雾。 ________________________________________________ 3.湖面的水冰冷，不要下水。 ________________________________________________ 4.请不要吵闹，其他人正在欣赏风景。 ________________________________________________ 5.我们很幸运能够游览这么多奇特的地方。 ________________________________________________ 6.旅行时你应该保持健康的饮食习惯。 ________________________________________________ 7.长途徒步之后，我感到很困。 ________________________________________________ 8.雨后的小路泥泞难行。 ________________________________________________ 9.多云的天气适合外出游玩。 ________________________________________________ 10.这道当地小吃十分美味。 ________________________________________________ Keys 一、词形转换 1.sunny 2.windy 3.rainy 4.snowy 5.cloudy 6.foggy 7.noisy 8.icy 9.lucky 10.healthy 11.sleepy 12.tasty 13.messy 14.stormy 15.muddy 16.dirty 17.bushy 18.creamy 19.risky 20.juicy 二、单项选择 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.B 三、词形填空 1.sunny 2.rainy 3.icy 4.noisy 5.lucky 6.healthy 7.sleepy 8.foggy 9.messy 10.tasty 四、句型转换 1.rainy 2.windy 3.sunny 4.noisy 5.icy 6.lucky 7.healthy 8.foggy 9.messy 10.tasty 五、汉译英参考 1.It will be sunny tomorrow. We can visit amazing places. 2.It is often foggy early in the morning in the mountains. 3.The water in the lake is icy. Don’t get into it. 4.Please don’t be noisy. Other people are enjoying the scenery. 5.We are lucky to visit so many amazing places. 6.You should keep healthy eating habits when travelling. 7.After a long hike, I feel sleepy. 8.The path is muddy after heavy rain. 9.Cloudy weather is good for travelling. 10.This local snack is very tasty. $