Unit5语法(不定式to do)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

该初中英语导学案以“Unit5 Amazing Places”为主题，聚焦动词不定式to do的完整用法，通过“基础讲解-成分分析-考点对比-综合练习”的递进式设计，构建从形式理解到语境应用的系统学习路径，帮助学生掌握不定式作宾语、宾补等六大成分及易混淆用法。 亮点在于“主题融合”与“能力分层”设计，例句和练习紧扣“奇妙景点”单元主题，如“桂林是值得游览的好地方”等汉译英任务，培养语言能力。通过stop to do/doing等考点对比提升思维品质，配套练习涵盖填空、句型转换等分层任务，助力学习能力发展，为教师单元复习提供结构化教学支持，促进学生深度学习与应用。

Unit5 Amazing Places语法讲解与练习 语动词不定式 to do完整精讲 不定式基本形式：to +动词原形（to 是不定式符号,无词义）； 否定式：not to do 一、不定式在句中的六大成分 1. 作宾语（动词+ to do） 常接to do作宾语的高频动词： want to do 想要做 hope to do 希望做 plan to do 计划做 decide to do 决定做 try to do 尽力做 learn to do 学习做 agree to do 同意做 choose to do 选择做 refuse to do 拒绝做 fail to do 未能做成 promise to do 承诺做 We plan to visit some amazing places this holiday. 我们计划假期去游览一些奇妙的地方。 2. 作宾语补足语（动词+ sb. + to do） ask sb. to do 要求某人做 tell sb. to do 告诉某人做 want sb. to do 想要某人做 invite sb. to do 邀请某人做 allow sb. to do 允许某人做 encourage sb. to do 鼓励某人做 否定：ask/tell/want sb. not to do Our teacher tells us to keep clean in scenic spots. 老师告诉我们在景区保持整洁。 ⚠️ 特殊考点（不带to的不定式，使役/感官动词） *核心动词清单 1. 三大使役动词：make /let/have 2. 五大感官动词：see, watch, hear, notice, feel 口诀：一感二听三让四看 一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, make, have 四看：see, watch, notice, look at *主动语态规则：动词+ sb. +动词原形（不带 to） My mum makes me clean my room every day. 妈妈让我每天打扫房间。 He let me use his mobile phone. 他允许我使用他的手机。 I saw him enter the classroom. 我看见他走进了教室。（看见全过程） We heard her sing in the next room. 我们听见她在隔壁唱歌。 *重中之重：被动语态必须还原 to 主动：V + sb. + do 被动：sb. + be + V过去分词 + to do 关键考点：make /see/hear /watch/notice /feel 变为被动，一定要加 to！ ✅例句对比 Active：The boss made him work 10 hours. 老板让他工作十小时。 Passive：He was made to work 10 hours. 他被迫工作十小时。（必须加 to） Active：We saw the boy fall down. 我们看见男孩摔倒了。 Passive：The boy was seen to fall down. 有人看见那个男孩摔倒了。 Active：I heard her tell the story. 我听见她讲了这个故事。 Passive：She was heard to tell the story. 3. 作目的状语（最重要考点！） to do 用来表示目的：为了…… 结构：主句，to do … 例句：We come here to enjoy the beautiful sights. 我们来到这里（为了）欣赏美景。 4. 作定语（放在名词后面，修饰名词） 名词+ to do（要去做…… 的） something to eat 一些吃的东西 a good place to visit 一处值得游览的地方 time to leave 出发的时间 The mountain is an amazing place to travel. 这座山是一处适合旅行的奇妙地。 5. 作主语（常使用形式主语 It） It is + adj. (+ for/of sb.) + to do sth. it 为形式主语，真正主语是后面 to do It’s great to see such wonderful views. 见到如此美景太棒了。 6. 作表语 My dream is to travel around the world. 我的梦想是环游世界。 二、极易混淆高频考点对比 1.stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事 2.remember to do 记得要去做（未做） remember doing 记得做过（已做完） 3.forget to do 忘记要去做 forget doing 忘记曾经做过 4.try to do 尽力做 try doing 尝试做（试一试方法） 三、易错汇总 1.to 后面只能加动词原形，不能加 doing； 2.否定结构：not to do，不要写成 to not do； 3.介词 to ≠ 不定式 to look forward to doing； pay attention to doing（此处 to 是介词，加 doing） 4.why not /had better /would rather 后面直接加动词原形，不加 to 四、贴合单元主题例句 1.I hope to take photos of these amazing waterfalls.（宾语） 2.He invites me to travel to the valley.（宾补） 3.We get up early to watch the sunrise.（目的状语） 4.Guilin is a wonderful place to visit.（定语） 5.It’s exciting to visit natural wonders.（形式主语） 【配套练习】 一、用括号内动词适当形式填空 1.We plan ________ (travel) to some amazing places this summer. 2.She hopes ________ (see) the famous lake with her own eyes. 3.My parents decide ________ (book) the tickets right now. 4.The guide tells us ________ (not touch) the rocks. 5.I want you ________ (enjoy) the beauty of nature. 6.They invite us ________ (climb) the mountain together. 7.It’s great ________ (walk) along the river. 8.We got up early ________ (catch) the first bus. 9.Do you have anything ________ (take) with you? 10.Don’t forget ________ (bring) your camera. 11.Remember ________ (stay) on the path when hiking. 12.He tried ________ (find) a better place to take photos. 13.The teacher encourages us ________ (learn) more about geography. 14.Stop ________ (talk). Let’s listen to the guide. 15.Stop ________ (have) a rest. We have walked for hours. 16.I would like ________ (visit) the amazing waterfall. 17.He refused ________ (leave) before the sunset. 18.It takes us three hours ________ (reach) the top. 19.Let him ________ (choose) where we will go. 20.We are made ________ (follow) the rules in the park. 二、单项选择 1.We decide ______ to the amazing valley next weekend. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 2.My mum asks me ______ too much noise in public. A. not make B. to not make C. not to make D. don’t make 3.They came here ______ the beautiful sunrise. A. see B. seeing C. to see D. saw 4.Huangshan is a wonderful place ______. A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. visited 5.—What do you hope ______ during your trip? —I hope ______ lots of special plants. A. to do; to see B. do; see C. to do; seeing D. doing; to see 6.Don’t forget ______ your map. You may get lost. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 7.Remember ______ the door when you leave the hotel. A. close B. closing C. to close D. closed 8.He stopped ______ a photo when he saw the waterfall. A. take B. to take C. taking D. took 9.Please stop ______. The guide is speaking. A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked 10.It’s exciting ______ natural wonders in different places. A. discover B. discovering C. to discover D. discovered 11.The teacher encourages us ______ outside to enjoy nature. A. go B. to go C. going D. gone 12.I want ______ someone ______ help me carry the bag. A. ask; to B. to ask; to C. ask; / D. to ask; / 13.We have no time ______ games. Let’s keep moving. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 14.He refused ______ with us because he was tired. A. travel B. to travel C. travelling D. travelled 15.The workers were made ______ from morning till night. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 三、句型转换 1.We want to visit amazing natural places.（改为否定句） ________________________________________________ 2.He asks us to keep quiet.（改为否定句） ________________________________________________ 3.They got up early so that they could watch the sunrise.（用 to do 改写） ________________________________________________ 4.To travel around China is my dream.（用 It 作形式主语） ________________________________________________ 5.Could you tell me where I can buy a map?（简化为不定式） ________________________________________________ 6.She hopes that she can see the waterfall.（简单句转换） ________________________________________________ 7.The park is a good place. We can have fun there.（合并，用 to do） ________________________________________________ 8.Don’t forget to take water with you.（同义句） ________________________________________________ 9.They stopped. They rested for ten minutes.（用 to do 合并） ________________________________________________ 10.My mother tells me, “Don’t run near the lake.”（合并句子） ________________________________________________ 五、汉译英 1.我们计划假期去参观几处奇妙的景点。 ________________________________________________ 2.导游告诉我们不要攀爬岩石。 ________________________________________________ 3.我们早起是为了观赏日出。 ________________________________________________ 4.桂林是一处值得游览的好地方。 ________________________________________________ 5.看到壮丽的瀑布令人激动。 ________________________________________________ 6.不要忘记带上相机。 ________________________________________________ 7.他停下来拍了一张湖面的照片。 ________________________________________________ 8.老师鼓励我们多了解自然风光。 ________________________________________________ 9.她希望亲眼看见这片湖泊。 ________________________________________________ 10.请记住不要在景区大声喧哗。 ________________________________________________ Keys 一、动词形式填空 1.to travel 2.to see 3.to book 4.not to touch 5.to enjoy 6.to climb 7.to walk 8.to catch 9.to take 10.to bring 11.to stay 12.to find 13.to learn 14.talking 15.to have 16.to visit 17.to leave 18.to reach 19.choose 20.to follow 二、单项选择 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.B 三、句型转换 1.We don’t want to visit amazing natural places. 2.He asks us not to keep quiet. 3.They got up early to watch the sunrise. 4.It is my dream to travel around China. 5.Could you tell me where to buy a map? 6.She hopes to see the waterfall. 7.The park is a good place to have fun. 8.Remember to take water with you. 9.They stopped to rest for ten minutes. 10.My mother tells me not to run near the lake. 四、汉译英参考 1.We plan to visit several amazing places during the holiday. 2.The guide tells us not to climb the rocks. 3.We get up early to watch the sunrise. 4.Guilin is a good place to visit. 5.It’s exciting to see the wonderful waterfall. 6.Don’t forget to take your camera. 7.He stopped to take a photo of the lake. 8.The teacher encourages us to learn more about natural sights. 9.She hopes to see the lake with her own eyes. 10.Please remember not to speak loudly in the scenic area. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $