Unit4语法(过去进行时)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

该初中英语讲义通过分类列举与对比表格系统构建过去进行时知识体系，涵盖定义、基本结构、时间标志词等基础要点，用表格对比其与一般过去时的差异，重点解析when/while的核心用法，清晰呈现知识脉络与重难点联系。 讲义亮点在于“情境化分层练习”设计，如动词填空“While my mother was cooking, my father was fixing the bike”强化长动作与短动作辨析，汉译英结合单元主题“成长”场景提升语言运用能力。易错提醒标注短暂动词使用禁忌，帮助基础学生规避错误，综合题型助力优秀学生深化理解，为教师实施精准教学提供系统支持。

Unit4 Changing and Growing语法讲解与练习 过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）完整讲义 一、定义 过去进行时：表示过去某个具体时刻/某一段时间内，正在发生、持续进行的动作。 强调：过去 “正在做”；动作具有持续性。 二、基本结构 肯定句：主语+ was /were + doing（现在分词） I/He/She/It → was doing We/You/They → were doing 否定句:主语+ was /were + not + doing (was not = wasn’t；were not = weren’t) 一般疑问句:Was/Were +主语+ doing …? 简略回答：Yes, … was/were. / No, … wasn’t/weren’t. 三、常用时间标志词 1.at +具体时刻+yesterday at 8:00 yesterday 昨天八点 2.at that time / at this time yesterday 昨天这个时候/在那时 3.then那时 4.from 7 to 9 yesterday 昨天 7 点到 9 点（时间段） 5.when /while 引导的时间状语从句（重难点） 四、when & while 核心考点（中考必考） 讨论场景：过去某一时间，一个动作正在持续发生（长动作），另一个动作突然插入（短动作）；或是两个动作同时持续进行 *长动作：延续性动词 → 过去进行时 was/were doing *短动作：短暂性动词 → 一般过去时 did 1. when 的用法 ✅ 重点：when 后面既可以接短暂性动词，也可以接延续性动词 考试最高频考法：主句（过去进行时,长动作）+ when + 从句（一般过去时，短动作） 含义：正当主句动作在进行时，从句短促动作突然发生。 例句： I was reading when the bell rang. 铃响的时候，我正在看书。 解析： read（延续长动作，was reading）；ring（瞬间短促动作，rang） 拓展：when 后也可接延续动词（可以和 while 互换） When/While I was waiting, I saw an old friend. 我等待的时候看见了一位老朋友。 ⚠考试区分关键点:从句是短暂动词（ring, arrive, stop, begin, leave 等）,只能用 when,不能用while。 2. while 的用法 重点：while 后面只能接延续性动作，从句动词必须可以持续 两种经典场景： 场景①：两个延续动作同时持续进行 主句过去进行时+ while +从句过去进行时 Mum was cooking while Dad was washing dishes. 妈妈做饭的时候，爸爸在洗碗。 场景②：主句短动作发生，从句动作一直在持续 Sb did sth while Sb was doing sth. I met him while I was walking home. 我走路回家的时候遇见了他。 ⚠硬性规则： while 从句绝对不能使用短暂性动词！ ❌ I was sleeping while the phone rang.（错误，ring 短暂动词） ✅ I was sleeping when the phone rang. 五、过去进行时 vs一般过去时（极易混淆） 时态 含义 侧重点 一般过去时 过去做了某事 动作完成 过去进行时 过去正在做某事 动作持续、正在进行 I read a book last night.（昨晚看完了一本书） I was reading a book at 9 last night.（昨晚九点我正在看书，不一定读完） 六、动词变现在分词（doing）规则 1.一般直接+ ing：work → working 2.以不发音e结尾,去 e+ing：write → writing 3.重读闭音节，辅+元+辅结尾，双写尾字母+ ing：run → running, sit → sitting 4.ie 结尾变 y+ing：lie → lying 七、典型例句（贴合单元 Changing and Growing） 1.I was practicing English at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候我正在练习英语。 2.What were you doing when the rain started? 下雨开始时你正在干什么？ 3.While she was growing up, she was learning many new skills. 在她成长过程中，她一直在学习很多新技能。 4.They weren’t playing basketball at 4 p.m. yesterday. 昨天下午四点他们没有在打篮球。 ⚠️易错提醒 1.短暂动词（die, buy, start, leave, arrive, ring）不能用于进行时； 2.see, hear, know, like 等状态动词一般不用于进行时； 3.看到 at this time yesterday / at +时刻yesterday 优先考虑过去进行时。 【配套练习】 一、用所给动词适当形式填空 1. I ________ (do) my homework at 8 o’clock last night. 2. They ________ (not play) football at that time yesterday. 3. —What ________ you ________ (do) when he came in? —I ________ (read) a magazine. 4. While my mother ________ (cook), my father ________ (fix) the bike. 5. She ________ (have) a shower at this time yesterday. 6. The rain ________ (start) when we ________ (walk) home. 7. He ________ (talk) with his friend at 9:00 yesterday morning. 8. We ________ (watch) a movie from 7 to 9 last night. 9. ________ Tom ________ (study) when you visited him? 10. When the accident happened, they ________ (drive) along the street. 11. While Lily ________ (draw), Lucy ________ (sing). 12. It ________ (not rain) at this time yesterday. 13. What ________ your sister ________ (do) at ten last night? 14. I ________ (not sleep) when you called me. 15. The boy ________ (fall) down while he ________ (run). 16. They ________ (plan) their trip at that moment. 17. When I saw him, he ________ (carry) a heavy box. 18. While we ________ (wait) for the bus, it began to snow. 19. ________ it ________ (snow) at this time yesterday? 20. She ________ (learn) to dance when she was young. 二、单项选择 1.I ______ TV at this time yesterday evening. A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. am watching 2.—What were you doing when the light went out? —I ______ my homework. A. did B. do C. was doing D. am doing 3.While my brother ______, my sister was playing the piano. A. read B. was reading C. reads D. is reading 4.He ______ when the teacher came into the classroom. A. talks B. talked C. was talking D. is talking 5.They ______ basketball from four to five yesterday afternoon. A. play B. played C. were playing D. are playing 6.—Was your father working at 10 last night? —______. He was watching TV. A. Yes, he was B. No, he wasn’t C. Yes, he did D. No, he didn’t 7.When the storm ______, we ______ in the library. A. came; studied B. came; were studying C. was coming; studied D. was coming; were studying 8.I didn’t see you at the party last night. What ______ you ______? A. do; do B. did; do C. were; doing D. are; doing 9.While she ______, she heard a loud noise outside. A. slept B. was sleeping C. sleeps D. is sleeping 10.—I called you at 7:30 yesterday, but no one answered. —Sorry. I ______ a walk outside. A. take B. took C. was taking D. am taking 11.Two children ______ on the ground when I passed by. A. play B. played C. were playing D. are playing 12.He ______ to music when his mother got home. A. listens B. listened C. was listening D. is listening 13.It began to rain while we ______ outside. A. walk B. walked C. were walking D. are walking 14.—______ they ______ at this time yesterday? —Yes, they were. A. Do; exercise B. Did; exercise C. Were; exercising D. Are; exercising 15.You ______ at that time. So you didn’t know what happened. A. slept B. were sleeping C. sleep D. are sleeping 三、句型转换 1.She was washing clothes at 9 last night.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________________ 2.They were having a meeting at that time.（改为一般疑问句并肯定回答） _______________________________________________________ 3.He was reading a novel when I arrived.（对划线部分提问） _______________________________________________________ 4.We were playing games at this time yesterday.（改为否定句 _______________________________________________________ 5.Tom was practicing the piano when the rain came.（一般疑问句） _______________________________________________________ 6.The girl was crying because she got lost.（对划线部分提问） _______________________________________________________ 7.Were they talking loudly?（否定回答） _______________________________________________________ 8.I was waiting for the bus when you saw me.（改为一般过去时同义句） _______________________________________________________ 9.While he was cooking, his wife was cleaning the room.（否定句） _______________________________________________________ 10.What were you doing?（用 at 8:00 yesterday evening 补充回答） _______________________________________________________ 四、汉译英 1.昨天晚上八点我正在看书。 _______________________________________________________ 2.他进来的时候，我们正在讨论成长的烦恼。 _______________________________________________________ 3.妈妈做饭的时候，爸爸在打扫房间。 _______________________________________________________ 4.昨天这个时候他们不在打篮球。 _______________________________________________________ 5.下雨时你正在街上干什么？ _______________________________________________________ 6.当事故发生时，他正沿着马路骑行。 _______________________________________________________ 7.昨晚七点到九点我们一直在看电影。 _______________________________________________________ 8.我打电话给你时，你正在练习英语吗？ _______________________________________________________ 9.她摔倒的时候正在跑步。 _______________________________________________________ 10.昨天同一时间，莉莉正在学习跳舞。 _______________________________________________________ Keys 一、动词形式填空 1.was doing 2.weren’t playing 3.were; doing; was reading 4.was cooking; was fixing 5.was having 6.started; were walking 7.was talking 8.were watching 9.Was; studying 10.were driving 11.was drawing; was singing 12.wasn’t raining 13.was; doing 14.wasn’t sleeping 15.fell; was running 16.were planning 17.was carrying 18.were waiting 19.Was; snowing 20.was learning 二、单项选择 1.C 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C 11.C 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.B 三、句型转换 1.She wasn’t washing clothes at 9 last night. 2.—Were they having a meeting at that time? —Yes, they were. 3.What was he doing when you arrived? 4.We weren’t playing games at this time yesterday. 5.Was Tom practicing the piano when the rain came? 6.Why was the girl crying? 7.No, they weren’t. 8.I waited for the bus when you saw me. 9.While he was cooking, his wife wasn’t cleaning the room. 10.I was doing my homework at 8:00 yesterday evening. 四、汉译英 1.I was reading a book at eight last night. 2.We were talking about growing troubles when he came in. 3.While Mum was cooking, Dad was cleaning the room. 4.They weren’t playing basketball at this time yesterday. 5.What were you doing on the street when it rained? 6.He was riding along the road when the accident happened. 7.We were watching a movie from seven to nine last night. 8.Were you practicing English when I called you? 9.She fell down while she was running. 10.Lily was learning to dance at this time yesterday. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $