Unit 1 Know yourself 单元话题（自我认知）阅读回答问题进阶练12篇-2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 以“自我认知”为主题，分基础、进阶、综合三层次，精选真题及外刊改编阅读，通过分层设问训练语言理解与表达能力，渗透思维品质与学习能力培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门训练|4篇|含分步骤写作指导（如推荐信结构：开篇陈述、品质描述、成就举例、结尾总结）|从个人经历（如田径队故事）到实用技能（如推荐信写作），搭建“认知-应用”基础链| |进阶拓展训练|4篇|通过“问题-例证”模式引导深层分析（如性格形成因素、职业匹配逻辑）|围绕“自我认知-性格塑造-职业规划”展开，强化逻辑推理与信息整合能力| |能力综合实践|4篇|结合社会情境设问（如青少年问题解决、职业素养分析）|从个体认知拓展至社会应用，提升跨情境语言运用与问题解决能力|

2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 Know yourself 单元话题（自我认知）阅读回答问题进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，选题均为25-26学年最新名校或地区统考卷真题或外刊原题改编，质量较高。老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Last summer, driven by a desire to prove my potential, I nervously signed up for the school track team. At first, the training was exhausting. I could barely finish 400 meters without doubling over and gasping for air. During my first race, disaster struck—I tripped over a sharp stone and fell heavily onto the track. My knee was scraped so badly that blood seeped through my socks. Seeing my teammates rush ahead, I felt like giving up. However, my coach patted me on the shoulder, offering me a bottle of water and said firmly, “Champions are not those who never fall, but those who get up fastest.” His words warmed my heart. From that day on, I practiced religiously every morning before sunrise, focusing on both sprinting techniques and endurance building. Eventually, my speed improved significantly. Yesterday, at the City Junior Athletics Meet, I crossed the finish line with all my strength and won second place in the 800-meter race. Holding the shiny silver medal, I realized that persistence can turn weaknesses into strengths.回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个单词。 1．Why did the writer join the track team? 2．What caused the writer to fall during the race? 3．Who offered the writer encouragement and water? 4．When did the writer usually practice? 5．What prize did the writer receive yesterday? How to Write a Recommendation Letter A recommendation letter is a formal document in which you recommend someone for a position, job or opportunity. It is important to write it carefully so that it is persuasive and professional. First, start with a clear statement of recommendation. Introduce yourself and explain why you are recommending the person. State the position or opportunity they are applying for. Second, describe the person’s qualities and skills. Give specific examples to support your claims. Instead of saying “He is hard-working,” say “He spent extra hours completing the project and received praise from the teacher.” This makes your recommendation more convincing. Third, include examples of the person’s achievements and contributions. You can mention projects they have completed, leadership roles they have taken on, or problems they have solved. These details show that the person is capable and responsible. Finally, end with a strong conclusion. Reiterate your recommendation and express your confidence in the person. You can also offer to provide more information if needed. 根据短文内容，用完整的句子回答下列问题。 1．What is a recommendation letter? 2．What should you include at the beginning of a recommendation letter? 3．Why is it important to give specific examples in a recommendation letter? 4．What can you mention to show the person is capable and responsible? 5．How should you end a recommendation letter? Finding the Right Career Choosing a career is one of the most important decisions in life. However, many people find it difficult to decide what they want to do. Here are some tips to help you find the right career. First, think about your interests. What do you enjoy doing in your free time? If you love drawing, you might enjoy a career in design or art. If you enjoy helping others, you could consider becoming a teacher, a doctor or a social worker. Second, consider your personality. Are you outgoing or shy? Do you prefer working alone or in a team? Some jobs, like sales or management, require strong communication skills. Other jobs, like research or writing, need more independent work. Finding a career that matches your personality will make you happier and more successful. Third, think about your skills and strengths. What are you good at? Are you good with numbers? Do you have strong writing skills? Are you creative and good at solving problems? Your skills can guide you toward a career that you will excel in. Finally, don’t be afraid to explore different options. You can try internships, part-time jobs or volunteer work to learn more about different fields. Talking to people who work in careers you are interested in can also be very helpful. Remember, it’s never too late to change your mind and try something new. 根据短文内容，用完整的句子回答下列问题。 1．What is the first step to find the right career according to the passage? 2．Why is it important to consider your personality when choosing a career? 3．What can you do to explore different career options? 阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题。 In the city center, firefighters quickly get ready when they hear the alarm. Within 60 seconds they are dressed and rushing to a burning building. Even though they know the floors might collapse and the ceilings could fall, they still have to go inside. One wrong decision might mean death. Who would do a job like that? Ask firefighter Sam Telfer. One month ago, he signed up for the job. He used to sit in an office of a software company, but now he is trained to break into rooms full of smoke and heat and come up with a rescue strategy. “I wanted a job where I could be active, work with my hands, learn new practical skills, and face different challenges every day.” That’s quite an understatement (保守说法) to describe a career that requires you to keep a cool head while fighting against a fire. But Telfer says that flames (火焰) and nerves can be controlled in the same way: through continuous physical and mental training. Telfer was a runner in college, but now he trains his lungs for dangerous situations instead of races. He has to climb hundreds of steps while wearing 34 kilograms of gear, like oxygen tanks. He also needs to carry unconscious people to safety. No matter what he’s doing, he has to control his breathing. Panic (恐慌) will only waste his limited air supply. His survival depends on more than just being physically fit. Firefighters need a lot of mental preparation too. When they are not dealing with emergencies, they study many subjects like emergency medicine, the structural design, and chemical reactions. They practise quickly assessing (评估) the changing conditions of a fire. Shifting from a software expert to a first responder was a big change for Telfer. But he says, “I have never once felt that this isn’t the right job for me.” Even though danger might be waiting every day, his body and mind are trained to stay calm, even in the middle of a fierce fire. 1．When did Sam Telfer become a firefighter? 2．Where did Telfer work before becoming a firefighter? 3．What physical training does a firefighter take? Give an example. 4．How can firefighters survive a big fire? 5．Does Sam Telfer love the job as a firefighter? Give your reason. 进阶拓展训练4篇 A large number of young people are influenced by all kinds of choices today. This can be a good thing, but it can also lead some young people to experience “mental internal friction (精神内耗)”. Experts regard “mental internal friction” as the confusion (混乱) that happens when people have to change their thoughts in order to move “old ideas” to “new ideas”. They have to ask themselves such questions as “Are the new ideas good?” or “Do they fit me?”. It is hard to discover the answers to these questions, especially when you’re too young to have enough life experience to make proper decisions. Here are some tips that can help reduce your “mental internal friction”. First, be consistent (始终如一的) with yourself. To this end, you will always need to check yourself. As the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle said, “Knowing yourself is the beginning of all wisdom.” You have to honestly think about your own personal habits, and even fears and worries. Second, develop new interests. One of my friends tried to learn about Beijing Opera. He said that learning about “old things” made it easier for him to deal with the “new things” in modern life. And the third thing you can do is to spend time with nature. Being with nature helps you to know yourself and forget the stress. 1．When do experts think people may experience “mental internal friction”? 2．Who is Aristotle? 3．What is the beginning of all wisdom according to Aristotle? 4．How many tips does the author give? 5．Which suggestion can help reduce your “mental internal friction”? Why? Personality is made up of our thoughts, feelings and daily actions. Two important factors shape our character: nature and environment. Some personality traits such as being outgoing or quiet are passed down by our parents when we are born, and these natural qualities are hard to change as we grow up. However, most of our personalities will slowly change because of our school study, new friends and all kinds of difficulties we meet in daily life. If we don’t give up and keep trying after failing exams, we will become braver and much more confident day by day. Teenagers with positive personalities can easily get on well with their classmates and get better grades in all subjects. On the other hand, negative feelings like worry and laziness will slow down our study progress and make fewer friends around us. No one owns perfect personalities, but we can make small progress to fix our bad qualities with long-term daily effort. 1．What two factors shape people’s personalities? 2．Where do traits like being quiet come from? 3．Can failing exams change our personalities? Why? 4．What kind of students get along well with classmates easily? 5．Give one example of bad personalities that slow down our progress. How to Discover Your True Personality Many people go through life without truly understanding themselves. They don’t know what they are good at, what they enjoy, or what kind of career would make them happy. Here are some simple steps to help you discover your true personality. First, spend time alone. In our busy lives, we are constantly surrounded by other people. Take some time each day to be by yourself, without any distractions. Use this time to reflect on your thoughts, feelings and behaviours. Ask yourself questions like: What do I really enjoy doing? What makes me feel fulfilled? What am I naturally good at? Second, try new things. You cannot discover new talents without trying new activities. Join a club, take up a new hobby, or volunteer for a project. Step out of your comfort zone and challenge yourself. You might be surprised to find talents you never knew you had. Third, look for patterns in your life. Think about your past experiences. What jobs or tasks have you enjoyed the most? What activities made you feel energized rather than drained? The answers to these questions can reveal important clues about your personality. Fourth, ask for honest feedback. Sometimes other people can see our strengths more clearly than we can. Ask your friends, family members or teachers what they think your best qualities are. Be open to their opinions, even if they are different from what you expected. Finally, be patient with yourself. Understanding your personality is not something that happens overnight. It is a journey that takes time, reflection and practice. The most important thing is to be honest with yourself and keep growing. 1．Why does the writer suggest spending time alone? 2．What does “stepping out of your comfort zone” mean according to the passage? 3．Why is it helpful to look for patterns in your life? 4．Who should you ask for honest feedback about your personality? 5．What is the writer’s final advice about understanding your personality? Do you know yourself well? Your personality can influence your life in many ways, including your choice of career. Some jobs are more suitable for certain personality types. For example, if you are outgoing and like working with people, you might make a good teacher or social worker. If you are creative and love art, you could become a designer or artist. If you are careful and patient, jobs like accountant or surgeon might be right for you. Wu Wei is a born artist. His creative work has impressed the whole country. He is always searching for something better. He never shows off, though he has won high praise from the art community. Fang Yuan, a surgeon, is the chief doctor in the hospital. She is careful and patient. She devotes most of her time to her work. She says, “A miss is as good as a mile.” She thinks doctors can’t be too careful. Su Ning is the general manager of a company. She is active and energetic. She is ready to take on new challenges at any time. She believes that it is you who shape your life and your future. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题（每题答案不超过8个词）。 1．What can influence your choice of career according to the passage? 2．What kind of person might make a good teacher? 3．What has Wu Wei impressed the whole country with? 4．What does Fang Yuan think doctors should be? 5．What does Su Ning believe about shaping life and future? 能力综合实践4篇 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 How much do you know about yourself? Knowing your own strengths and weaknesses is the first step to success. A recent survey of 500 middle school students found that only 30% of them could clearly describe their own personalities. Most students said they knew what subjects they were good at, but they had never thought about what kind of person they were. The survey also showed that students who understood their own personalities better were more confident in making decisions. For example, a student who knows that he is creative and imaginative might choose to join the art club rather than the maths club. A student who knows that she is patient and careful might decide to volunteer at a local hospital. Experts suggest that students should spend some time thinking about their own characters. Ask yourself: Am I outgoing or quiet? Am I good at working with people or do I prefer working alone? What are my strengths and what are my weaknesses? The answers to these questions can help you make better choices about your future. 1．How many students in the survey could clearly describe their personalities? 2．According to the survey, what were students more confident in doing? 3．If a student is patient and careful, where might she volunteer? 4．What do experts suggest students should do? 5．What is the passage mainly about? Different people have different personalities. Organized people keep everything in order. Careless people often make mistakes. Social people are outgoing and have rich imagination, so they can come up with new ideas easily. However, many Grade Nine students meet teenage problems. Heavy schoolwork makes them feel stressed. Some have trouble balancing study and hobbies. Some parents think hobbies get in the way of study and ask children to give up hobbies. If you have such worries, do not keep them to yourself. You can share problems with teachers or friends. You should learn to plan your time wisely and try to communicate patiently with your parents. Hobbies are helpful as long as you control your time well. Neither all study nor all hobbies are good for teenagers. Balance is the key to solving these problems. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题 1．What kind of people can keep things in order? 2．What makes many Grade Nine students feel stressed? 3．What trouble do some teenagers have between study and hobbies? 4．Who can teenagers share their worries with? 5．What is the key to dealing with the problems? Mechanical Engineering Do you like to build with blocks? Have you ever wondered how planes stay in the air? Do you like to design and create new things? If you do, a career (职业) in mechanical engineering might be right for you! A mechanical engineer is responsible for coming up with and designing mechanical systems. Mechanical systems can include machine design, heating and cooling equipment, and product design. Mechanical engineers are in high need right now. There are a lot of job openings for mechanical engineers, but there aren’t enough people to fill those jobs. Because there is a high need for engineers and the work requires specialized knowledge, engineers get paid more than some other careers. To be a mechanical engineer, you need to graduate from college with a bachelor’s (学士) degree. In college, you will learn problem solving and critical thinking skills. Problem solving is very important in the field of mechanical engineering. To come up with the best solution to a problem, mechanical engineers need to think in different ways. They also need to be creative, because they may need to make something that’s never been made before. Paying attention to details (细节) is important as well. Many designs depend on a lot of little details. Mechanical engineers also need to be able to use different tools, such as calculators, high-speed cameras, and computers. There are many computer programs mechanical engineers use to create designs, run scenarios (方案), and do research. As with many other jobs, mechanical engineers should be able to meet deadlines (期限) and work well with other people. Some jobs can be done with just one person, but more often mechanical engineers work on a team to complete a project. If an engineer cannot manage his or her time well and misses a deadline, the whole team gets delayed (拖延). Some engineers work in an office, and some travel to different worksites while a machine or product is being built, so they can help solve any problems. Mechanical engineering takes a lot of thought. It is a great career for people who like to make objects and machines work, solve problems, and be creative! 1．What is a mechanical engineer responsible for? 2．To be a mechanical engineer, what will a student learn in college? 3．How can mechanical engineers come up with the best solution to a problem? 4．Why should a mechanical engineer be able to meet deadlines? 5．In your opinion, which quality (品质) of mechanical engineers should students learn? Why? Answer the questions (回答下列问题) You are going to read a letter in a local newspaper.Dear sir/madam, My name is Lucy Wong. I am a ten-year-old girl from Thailand. For the past year, I have been helping my parents manage a motel (a small hotel) in Clifton, California. We have made it our home, from the towels we carefully fold each and every day to the customers we call family. I usually help the customers to check in and out at the front desk. But the motel is not ours. It belongs to a man named Mr. Sung, who is unkind and selfish. My parents think that working for Mr. Sung is the only way, but I don’t think so. At night, I dreamed of a better life. I dreamed of owning a motel one day. Sadly, we have no money to buy a motel of our own. What are the chances of actually winning a motel? Well, maybe all our hopes and dreams don’t have to disappear. I am writing to you because something has happened here at Maple Motel. Mr. Sung is selling the motel! He is selling it at a low price because he’s tired of running a motel. We’re eager to buy it from him and we are looking for investors (投资人). If you would like to invest, please let me know. You can contact me at my telephone number — 6253908 any time. It wouldn’t be a donation. You would be one of the owners in the future. Whenever a customer comes to stay at the motel, part of the money would go to you. You might be asking yourself, “Why should I invest in a motel from a 10-year-old?” You can trust me because our dreams will come true for three reasons: 1. I know what I’m doing. I know every corner of this motel like the back of my hand because I’ve lived and worked here for almost a year. 2. I love what I’m doing. I’m very proud of my work. Every day, I check people in at the front desk. The customers like me because I treat them like family members. 3. No investment is too small. Even if all you have are some extra pennies and nickels lying around, we’ll take them. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours truly Lucy Wong 1．Maple Motel means a lot to Lucy Wong and her parents, doesn’t it? 2．What does Lucy Wong do in the motel? 3．Why is Mr. Sung selling the motel at a low price? 4．How can people reach Lucy Wong? 5．Why does Lucy Wong write this letter? 6．What might be the third reason Lucy gives in her letter? (Please fill in the blank with at least two sentences.) 10 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 Know yourself 单元话题（自我认知）阅读回答问题进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，选题均为25-26学年最新名校或地区统考卷真题或外刊原题改编，质量较高。老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Last summer, driven by a desire to prove my potential, I nervously signed up for the school track team. At first, the training was exhausting. I could barely finish 400 meters without doubling over and gasping for air. During my first race, disaster struck—I tripped over a sharp stone and fell heavily onto the track. My knee was scraped so badly that blood seeped through my socks. Seeing my teammates rush ahead, I felt like giving up. However, my coach patted me on the shoulder, offering me a bottle of water and said firmly, “Champions are not those who never fall, but those who get up fastest.” His words warmed my heart. From that day on, I practiced religiously every morning before sunrise, focusing on both sprinting techniques and endurance building. Eventually, my speed improved significantly. Yesterday, at the City Junior Athletics Meet, I crossed the finish line with all my strength and won second place in the 800-meter race. Holding the shiny silver medal, I realized that persistence can turn weaknesses into strengths.回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个单词。 1．Why did the writer join the track team? 2．What caused the writer to fall during the race? 3．Who offered the writer encouragement and water? 4．When did the writer usually practice? 5．What prize did the writer receive yesterday? 【答案】1．To prove his potential. 2．A sharp stone. 3．His coach. 4．Before sunrise. 5．A silver medal. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者为证明自身潜力加入校田径队，训练初期遭遇挫折，在教练的鼓励下坚持训练，最终在市青少年田径运动会中获得银牌，并领悟到坚持能将劣势转化为优势的成长故事。 1．文中第一句“Last summer, driven by a desire to prove my potential, I nervously signed up for the school track team.”直接点明了作者加入田径队的原因是“to prove my potential”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 2．文中第四句“I tripped over a sharp stone and fell heavily onto the track.”明确说明作者摔倒是因为被一块锋利的石头绊倒。这是原文中的具体细节信息，直接提取。 3．文中第七句“However, my coach patted me on the shoulder, offering me a bottle of water and said firmly, “Champions are not those who never fall, but those who get up fastest.”直接指出了为作者递水并给予鼓励的人是他的教练。 4．文中后半部分“I practiced religiously every morning before sunrise”指出作者日常的训练时间是日出之前。这是原文中的具体时间信息，直接提取。 5．末尾“I crossed the finish line…Holding the shiny silver medal…”提到了作者在昨日的赛事中获得了银牌。答案是对原文获奖信息的直接提取。 How to Write a Recommendation Letter A recommendation letter is a formal document in which you recommend someone for a position, job or opportunity. It is important to write it carefully so that it is persuasive and professional. First, start with a clear statement of recommendation. Introduce yourself and explain why you are recommending the person. State the position or opportunity they are applying for. Second, describe the person’s qualities and skills. Give specific examples to support your claims. Instead of saying “He is hard-working,” say “He spent extra hours completing the project and received praise from the teacher.” This makes your recommendation more convincing. Third, include examples of the person’s achievements and contributions. You can mention projects they have completed, leadership roles they have taken on, or problems they have solved. These details show that the person is capable and responsible. Finally, end with a strong conclusion. Reiterate your recommendation and express your confidence in the person. You can also offer to provide more information if needed. 根据短文内容，用完整的句子回答下列问题。 1．What is a recommendation letter? 2．What should you include at the beginning of a recommendation letter? 3．Why is it important to give specific examples in a recommendation letter? 4．What can you mention to show the person is capable and responsible? 5．How should you end a recommendation letter? 【答案】1．A recommendation letter is a formal document in which you recommend someone for a position, job or opportunity. 2．You should start with a clear statement of recommendation, introduce yourself and explain why you are recommending the person. 3．Because specific examples make the recommendation more convincing. 4．You can mention projects they have completed, leadership roles they have taken on, or problems they have solved. 5．You should end with a strong conclusion, reiterate your recommendation, express your confidence in the person, and offer to provide more information if needed. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了推荐信的定义以及撰写推荐信四个步骤的具体写作要点。 1．依据文章首段句子“A recommendation letter is a formal document in which you recommend someone for a position, job or opportunity.”，直接提取信息作答。 2．依据文章第二段句子“First, start with a clear statement of recommendation. Introduce yourself and explain why you are recommending the person.”，整合原文信息作答。 3．依据文章第三段句子“This makes your recommendation more convincing.”，整合原文信息作答。 4．依据文章第四段句子“You can mention projects they have completed, leadership roles they have taken on, or problems they have solved.”，直接提取信息作答。 5．依据文章最后一段句子“Finally, end with a strong conclusion. Reiterate your recommendation and express your confidence in the person. You can also offer to provide more information if needed.”，整合原文信息作答。 Finding the Right Career Choosing a career is one of the most important decisions in life. However, many people find it difficult to decide what they want to do. Here are some tips to help you find the right career. First, think about your interests. What do you enjoy doing in your free time? If you love drawing, you might enjoy a career in design or art. If you enjoy helping others, you could consider becoming a teacher, a doctor or a social worker. Second, consider your personality. Are you outgoing or shy? Do you prefer working alone or in a team? Some jobs, like sales or management, require strong communication skills. Other jobs, like research or writing, need more independent work. Finding a career that matches your personality will make you happier and more successful. Third, think about your skills and strengths. What are you good at? Are you good with numbers? Do you have strong writing skills? Are you creative and good at solving problems? Your skills can guide you toward a career that you will excel in. Finally, don’t be afraid to explore different options. You can try internships, part-time jobs or volunteer work to learn more about different fields. Talking to people who work in careers you are interested in can also be very helpful. Remember, it’s never too late to change your mind and try something new. 根据短文内容，用完整的句子回答下列问题。 1．What is the first step to find the right career according to the passage? 2．Why is it important to consider your personality when choosing a career? 3．What can you do to explore different career options? 【答案】1．The first step is to think about your interests. 2．It’s important because finding a career that matches your personality will make you happier and more successful. 3．You can try internships, part-time jobs, volunteer work, and talk to people who work in careers you are interested in. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕 “如何找到适合自己的职业” 展开，依次介绍了四条择业建议：结合自身兴趣、匹配性格、发挥技能优势、大胆尝试多种职业方向。 1．第二段首句“First, think about your interests.”指出首先要考虑自己的兴趣，答案可直接提取原文信息。 2．第三段尾句“Finding a career that matches your personality will make you happier and more successful.”指出找到和性格匹配的职业，会让你更快乐、更容易取得成功，这也是择业时要考虑自身性格的原因。 3．最后一段“You can try internships,….Talking to people… can also be very helpful.”提到了探索职业选择的途径，整合信息，简洁概括得出答案。 阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题。 In the city center, firefighters quickly get ready when they hear the alarm. Within 60 seconds they are dressed and rushing to a burning building. Even though they know the floors might collapse and the ceilings could fall, they still have to go inside. One wrong decision might mean death. Who would do a job like that? Ask firefighter Sam Telfer. One month ago, he signed up for the job. He used to sit in an office of a software company, but now he is trained to break into rooms full of smoke and heat and come up with a rescue strategy. “I wanted a job where I could be active, work with my hands, learn new practical skills, and face different challenges every day.” That’s quite an understatement (保守说法) to describe a career that requires you to keep a cool head while fighting against a fire. But Telfer says that flames (火焰) and nerves can be controlled in the same way: through continuous physical and mental training. Telfer was a runner in college, but now he trains his lungs for dangerous situations instead of races. He has to climb hundreds of steps while wearing 34 kilograms of gear, like oxygen tanks. He also needs to carry unconscious people to safety. No matter what he’s doing, he has to control his breathing. Panic (恐慌) will only waste his limited air supply. His survival depends on more than just being physically fit. Firefighters need a lot of mental preparation too. When they are not dealing with emergencies, they study many subjects like emergency medicine, the structural design, and chemical reactions. They practise quickly assessing (评估) the changing conditions of a fire. Shifting from a software expert to a first responder was a big change for Telfer. But he says, “I have never once felt that this isn’t the right job for me.” Even though danger might be waiting every day, his body and mind are trained to stay calm, even in the middle of a fierce fire. 1．When did Sam Telfer become a firefighter? 2．Where did Telfer work before becoming a firefighter? 3．What physical training does a firefighter take? Give an example. 4．How can firefighters survive a big fire? 5．Does Sam Telfer love the job as a firefighter? Give your reason. 【答案】1．Telfer became a firefighter one month ago. 2．He worked in a software company. 3．A firefighter has to climb hundreds of steps while wearing 34 kilograms of gear, like oxygen tanks. 4．They need to be physically fit and mentally prepared. 5．Yes, he does. Because in this job, he can be active, work with his hands, learn new practical skills and face different challenges every day. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Sam Telfer从软件公司职员转行成为消防员的经历，同时介绍消防员岗位需要持续的体能与心理双重训练。 1．第二段明确指出“One month ago, he signed up for the job”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 2．第二段直接描述他从前的工作内容“He used to sit in an office of a software company”，答案几乎是原文引述。 3．第四段明确写出消防员体能训练实例“He has to climb hundreds of steps while wearing 34 kilograms of gear, like oxygen tanks”，答案是原文直接信息。 4．第五段表明“His survival depends on more than just being physically fit. Firefighters need a lot of mental preparation too”，答案将这两点整合为“They need to be physically fit and mentally prepared.”。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实。结合文章第三段他求职初衷、末段他认可这份工作的内容，结合自己对消防员职业的看法、理由，合理作答即可。 进阶拓展训练4篇 A large number of young people are influenced by all kinds of choices today. This can be a good thing, but it can also lead some young people to experience “mental internal friction (精神内耗)”. Experts regard “mental internal friction” as the confusion (混乱) that happens when people have to change their thoughts in order to move “old ideas” to “new ideas”. They have to ask themselves such questions as “Are the new ideas good?” or “Do they fit me?”. It is hard to discover the answers to these questions, especially when you’re too young to have enough life experience to make proper decisions. Here are some tips that can help reduce your “mental internal friction”. First, be consistent (始终如一的) with yourself. To this end, you will always need to check yourself. As the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle said, “Knowing yourself is the beginning of all wisdom.” You have to honestly think about your own personal habits, and even fears and worries. Second, develop new interests. One of my friends tried to learn about Beijing Opera. He said that learning about “old things” made it easier for him to deal with the “new things” in modern life. And the third thing you can do is to spend time with nature. Being with nature helps you to know yourself and forget the stress. 1．When do experts think people may experience “mental internal friction”? 2．Who is Aristotle? 3．What is the beginning of all wisdom according to Aristotle? 4．How many tips does the author give? 5．Which suggestion can help reduce your “mental internal friction”? Why? 【答案】1．When people have to change their thoughts in order to move “old ideas” to “new ideas”. 2．An ancient Greek philosopher. 3．Knowing yourself. 4．Three. 5．Be consistent with yourself. Because it helps you know yourself better and avoid confusion by staying true to your own values and thoughts. 【导语】本文主要讲述了在现代社会中，年轻人在面临众多选择时可能经历的“精神内耗”。 1．根据文中 “Experts regard ‘mental internal friction’ as the confusion that happens when people have to change their thoughts in order to move ‘old ideas’ to ‘new ideas’.”​ 可知，专家认为“精神内耗”发生在人们为了将“旧观念”转变为“新观念”而不得不改变想法时所产生的混乱。故填When people have to change their thoughts in order to move “old ideas” to “new ideas”. 2．根据文中“As the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle said...”​可知，Aristotle是一位古希腊哲学家。故填An ancient Greek philosopher. 3．根据文中“Aristotle said, ‘Knowing yourself is the beginning of all wisdom.’”​ 可知，Aristotle认为“认识自己”是一切智慧的开端。故填 Knowing yourself. 4．文章在“Here are some tips...”之后，使用了“First...”、“Second...”、“And the third thing...”来分别引出三条建议，结构清晰。故填Three. 5．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Be consistent with yourself. Because it helps you know yourself better and avoid confusion by staying true to your own values and thoughts. Personality is made up of our thoughts, feelings and daily actions. Two important factors shape our character: nature and environment. Some personality traits such as being outgoing or quiet are passed down by our parents when we are born, and these natural qualities are hard to change as we grow up. However, most of our personalities will slowly change because of our school study, new friends and all kinds of difficulties we meet in daily life. If we don’t give up and keep trying after failing exams, we will become braver and much more confident day by day. Teenagers with positive personalities can easily get on well with their classmates and get better grades in all subjects. On the other hand, negative feelings like worry and laziness will slow down our study progress and make fewer friends around us. No one owns perfect personalities, but we can make small progress to fix our bad qualities with long-term daily effort. 1．What two factors shape people’s personalities? 2．Where do traits like being quiet come from? 3．Can failing exams change our personalities? Why? 4．What kind of students get along well with classmates easily? 5．Give one example of bad personalities that slow down our progress. 【答案】1．Nature and environment. 2．They come from parents. 3．Yes. Because we will become braver and more confident. 4．Students with positive personalities. 5．Worry /laziness（任选其一） 【导语】本文讲述了性格的构成、塑造性格的两个因素（天性和环境）、性格的可变性以及积极或消极性格对青少年的影响。 1．根据文章第一段“Two important factors shape our character: nature and environment.”可推知，塑造人们性格的两个因素是天性和环境。答案信息原文提取。 2．根据文章第一段“Some personality traits such as being outgoing or quiet are passed down by our parents”可推知，安静等性格特征来自父母遗传。答案信息原文提取。 3．根据文章第二段“If we don’t give up and keep trying after failing exams, we will become braver and much more confident day by day.”可推知，考试失败能改变性格，因为坚持尝试会让人更勇敢自信。做出肯定回答，原因文中提取。 4．根据文章第二段“Teenagers with positive personalities can easily get on well with their classmates”可推知，拥有积极性格的学生容易与同学相处。答案信息原文提取。 5．根据文章第二段“negative feelings like worry and laziness will slow down our study progress”可推知，担忧或懒惰是阻碍进步的坏性格例子。答案信息原文提取。 How to Discover Your True Personality Many people go through life without truly understanding themselves. They don’t know what they are good at, what they enjoy, or what kind of career would make them happy. Here are some simple steps to help you discover your true personality. First, spend time alone. In our busy lives, we are constantly surrounded by other people. Take some time each day to be by yourself, without any distractions. Use this time to reflect on your thoughts, feelings and behaviours. Ask yourself questions like: What do I really enjoy doing? What makes me feel fulfilled? What am I naturally good at? Second, try new things. You cannot discover new talents without trying new activities. Join a club, take up a new hobby, or volunteer for a project. Step out of your comfort zone and challenge yourself. You might be surprised to find talents you never knew you had. Third, look for patterns in your life. Think about your past experiences. What jobs or tasks have you enjoyed the most? What activities made you feel energized rather than drained? The answers to these questions can reveal important clues about your personality. Fourth, ask for honest feedback. Sometimes other people can see our strengths more clearly than we can. Ask your friends, family members or teachers what they think your best qualities are. Be open to their opinions, even if they are different from what you expected. Finally, be patient with yourself. Understanding your personality is not something that happens overnight. It is a journey that takes time, reflection and practice. The most important thing is to be honest with yourself and keep growing. 1．Why does the writer suggest spending time alone? 2．What does “stepping out of your comfort zone” mean according to the passage? 3．Why is it helpful to look for patterns in your life? 4．Who should you ask for honest feedback about your personality? 5．What is the writer’s final advice about understanding your personality? 【答案】1．To reflect on our thoughts, feelings and behaviours without distractions, and to help us know our true preferences. 2．It means trying new activities and challenging ourselves beyond what we are used to. 3．Because it can reveal important clues about our personality by showing what we have enjoyed in the past. 4．We should ask our friends, family members or teachers for honest feedback about our personality. 5．The writer’s final advice is to be patient with ourselves, since understanding our personality is a long journey that takes time, reflection and practice, and we should be honest with ourselves and keep growing. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了发现真实性格的五个简单步骤，包括独处、尝试新事物、寻找生活模式、寻求反馈以及保持耐心。 1．根据第二段“Take some time each day to be by yourself, without any distractions. Use this time to reflect on your thoughts, feelings and behaviours. Ask yourself questions like: What do I really enjoy doing?...”可知，作者建议独处的目的是为了反思自己，并探索自身真实喜好。 2．根据第三段“You cannot discover new talents without trying new activities... Step out of your comfort zone and challenge yourself. You might be surprised to find talents you never knew you had.”可知，走出舒适区意味着尝试新活动和挑战自己。 3．根据第四段“The answers to these questions can reveal important clues about your personality.”可知，寻找生活模式有助于揭示个性线索。 4．根据第五段“Ask your friends, family members or teachers what they think your best qualities are.”可知，可以向朋友、家人或者老师询问相关的诚实反馈。 5．根据第六段“Finally, be patient with yourself... It is a journey that takes time, reflection and practice. The most important thing is to be honest with yourself and keep growing.”可知，作者最后的建议是要有耐心，了解自身性格是需要时间、反思和练习的过程，要对自己坦诚、持续成长。 Do you know yourself well? Your personality can influence your life in many ways, including your choice of career. Some jobs are more suitable for certain personality types. For example, if you are outgoing and like working with people, you might make a good teacher or social worker. If you are creative and love art, you could become a designer or artist. If you are careful and patient, jobs like accountant or surgeon might be right for you. Wu Wei is a born artist. His creative work has impressed the whole country. He is always searching for something better. He never shows off, though he has won high praise from the art community. Fang Yuan, a surgeon, is the chief doctor in the hospital. She is careful and patient. She devotes most of her time to her work. She says, “A miss is as good as a mile.” She thinks doctors can’t be too careful. Su Ning is the general manager of a company. She is active and energetic. She is ready to take on new challenges at any time. She believes that it is you who shape your life and your future. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题（每题答案不超过8个词）。 1．What can influence your choice of career according to the passage? 2．What kind of person might make a good teacher? 3．What has Wu Wei impressed the whole country with? 4．What does Fang Yuan think doctors should be? 5．What does Su Ning believe about shaping life and future? 【答案】1．Your personality. 2．Outgoing people liking working with others. 3．His creative work. 4．They should be careful. 5．It is you who shape it. 【导语】本文主要介绍了性格对职业选择的影响，列举了不同性格类型适合的职业，并通过吴伟、方圆和苏宁三位人物的具体例子说明了性格与职业的匹配关系。 1．第一段第二句明确说明影响职业选择的因素：“Your personality can influence your life in many ways, including your choice of career.” 答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 2．第二段第一句明确说明适合成为教师的人：“...if you are outgoing and like working with people, you might make a good teacher...” 提取关键信息作答即可。 3．第三段第二句明确说明吴伟给全国留下印象的作品：“His creative work has impressed the whole country.” 答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 4．第四段最后一句说明方圆认为医生应该怎样：“She thinks doctors can’t be too careful.” 即医生应该非常细心。答案是原文直接信息的提炼。 5．最后一段最后一句明确说明苏宁关于塑造生活和未来的信念：“She believes that it is you who shape your life and your future.” 答案是原文直接信息的提炼。 能力综合实践4篇 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 How much do you know about yourself? Knowing your own strengths and weaknesses is the first step to success. A recent survey of 500 middle school students found that only 30% of them could clearly describe their own personalities. Most students said they knew what subjects they were good at, but they had never thought about what kind of person they were. The survey also showed that students who understood their own personalities better were more confident in making decisions. For example, a student who knows that he is creative and imaginative might choose to join the art club rather than the maths club. A student who knows that she is patient and careful might decide to volunteer at a local hospital. Experts suggest that students should spend some time thinking about their own characters. Ask yourself: Am I outgoing or quiet? Am I good at working with people or do I prefer working alone? What are my strengths and what are my weaknesses? The answers to these questions can help you make better choices about your future. 1．How many students in the survey could clearly describe their personalities? 2．According to the survey, what were students more confident in doing? 3．If a student is patient and careful, where might she volunteer? 4．What do experts suggest students should do? 5．What is the passage mainly about? 【答案】1．150 students. 2．Making decisions. 3．At a local hospital. 4．Think about their own characters. 5．Knowing yourself./Self-understanding. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了了解自身性格、优缺点的重要性及其对做决定的帮助，并给出了相关建议。 1．第二段“A recent survey of 500 middle school students found that only 30% of them could clearly describe their own personalities.”指出500名中学生，能清楚描述性格的学生有30%，提取数字并计算，是“150 students.”。 2．第三段“The survey also showed that students who understood their own personalities better were more confident in making decisions.”表明学生在做决定方面更自信。直接提取信息为“Making decisions.”。 3．第三段“A student who knows that she is patient and careful might decide to volunteer at a local hospital.”表明耐心细致的学生可能在当地医院志愿服务。直接提取地点为“At a local hospital.”。 4．第四段“Experts suggest that students should spend some time thinking about their own characters.”，专家建议学生思考自己的性格。提取信息并精简为“Think about their own characters.”。 5．第一段“Knowing your own strengths and weaknesses is the first step to success.”点明主题句，全文主要关于了解自身优缺点。概括全文核心主题为“Knowing yourself./Self-understanding.”。 Different people have different personalities. Organized people keep everything in order. Careless people often make mistakes. Social people are outgoing and have rich imagination, so they can come up with new ideas easily. However, many Grade Nine students meet teenage problems. Heavy schoolwork makes them feel stressed. Some have trouble balancing study and hobbies. Some parents think hobbies get in the way of study and ask children to give up hobbies. If you have such worries, do not keep them to yourself. You can share problems with teachers or friends. You should learn to plan your time wisely and try to communicate patiently with your parents. Hobbies are helpful as long as you control your time well. Neither all study nor all hobbies are good for teenagers. Balance is the key to solving these problems. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题 1．What kind of people can keep things in order? 2．What makes many Grade Nine students feel stressed? 3．What trouble do some teenagers have between study and hobbies? 4．Who can teenagers share their worries with? 5．What is the key to dealing with the problems? 【答案】1．Organized people. 2．Heavy schoolwork. 3．They have trouble balancing study and hobbies. 4．Teachers or friends. 5．Balance. 【导语】本文主要讲述了不同的人拥有不同的性格，很多九年级学生面临学业压力以及学习和爱好难以兼顾的问题，同时给出了解决这类问题的方法。 1．首段表明“Organized people keep everything in order.”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 2．第二段明确指出“Heavy schoolwork makes them feel stressed.”，这是原文中的具体内容，直接提取。 3．第二段指出“Some have trouble balancing study and hobbies.”，答案几乎是原文引述。 4．第三段直接描述“You can share problems with teachers or friends.”，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取。 5．最后一段提到“Balance is the key to solving these problems.”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 Mechanical Engineering Do you like to build with blocks? Have you ever wondered how planes stay in the air? Do you like to design and create new things? If you do, a career (职业) in mechanical engineering might be right for you! A mechanical engineer is responsible for coming up with and designing mechanical systems. Mechanical systems can include machine design, heating and cooling equipment, and product design. Mechanical engineers are in high need right now. There are a lot of job openings for mechanical engineers, but there aren’t enough people to fill those jobs. Because there is a high need for engineers and the work requires specialized knowledge, engineers get paid more than some other careers. To be a mechanical engineer, you need to graduate from college with a bachelor’s (学士) degree. In college, you will learn problem solving and critical thinking skills. Problem solving is very important in the field of mechanical engineering. To come up with the best solution to a problem, mechanical engineers need to think in different ways. They also need to be creative, because they may need to make something that’s never been made before. Paying attention to details (细节) is important as well. Many designs depend on a lot of little details. Mechanical engineers also need to be able to use different tools, such as calculators, high-speed cameras, and computers. There are many computer programs mechanical engineers use to create designs, run scenarios (方案), and do research. As with many other jobs, mechanical engineers should be able to meet deadlines (期限) and work well with other people. Some jobs can be done with just one person, but more often mechanical engineers work on a team to complete a project. If an engineer cannot manage his or her time well and misses a deadline, the whole team gets delayed (拖延). Some engineers work in an office, and some travel to different worksites while a machine or product is being built, so they can help solve any problems. Mechanical engineering takes a lot of thought. It is a great career for people who like to make objects and machines work, solve problems, and be creative! 1．What is a mechanical engineer responsible for? 2．To be a mechanical engineer, what will a student learn in college? 3．How can mechanical engineers come up with the best solution to a problem? 4．Why should a mechanical engineer be able to meet deadlines? 5．In your opinion, which quality (品质) of mechanical engineers should students learn? Why? 【答案】1．He/She is responsible for coming up with and designing mechanical systems. 2．He/She will learn problem solving and critical thinking skills. 3．They need to think in different ways, be creative and pay attention to details. 4．Because if an engineer misses a deadline, the whole team gets delayed. 5．I think students should learn to think in different ways, be creative and pay attention to details. Because they are not only helpful in jobs, but also meaningful in our daily life. 【导语】本文主要介绍了与机械工程师这种职业。包括工作职责以及相关要求。 1．根据“A mechanical engineer is responsible for coming up with and designing mechanical systems”可知，机械工程师负责提出和设计机械系统。故填He/She is responsible for coming up with and designing mechanical systems. 2．根据“In college, you will learn problem solving and critical thinking skills.”可知，在大学里，你将学习解决问题和批判性思维的技能。故填He/She will learn problem solving and critical thinking skills. 3．根据“To come up with the best solution to a problem, mechanical engineers need to think in different ways.”和“Paying attention to details (细节) is important as well.”可知，为了找到解决问题的最佳方法，机械工程师需要用不同的方式思考，需要有创造力和注意细节。故填They need to think in different ways, be creative and pay attention to details. 4．根据“If an engineer cannot manage his or her time well and misses a deadline, the whole team gets delayed (拖延).”可知，如果工程师不能很好地管理自己的时间而错过最后期限，整个队伍都被拖延。故填Because if an engineer misses a deadline, the whole team gets delayed. 5．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：I think students should learn to think in different ways, be creative and pay attention to details. Because they are not only helpful in jobs, but also meaningful in our daily life. Answer the questions (回答下列问题) You are going to read a letter in a local newspaper.Dear sir/madam, My name is Lucy Wong. I am a ten-year-old girl from Thailand. For the past year, I have been helping my parents manage a motel (a small hotel) in Clifton, California. We have made it our home, from the towels we carefully fold each and every day to the customers we call family. I usually help the customers to check in and out at the front desk. But the motel is not ours. It belongs to a man named Mr. Sung, who is unkind and selfish. My parents think that working for Mr. Sung is the only way, but I don’t think so. At night, I dreamed of a better life. I dreamed of owning a motel one day. Sadly, we have no money to buy a motel of our own. What are the chances of actually winning a motel? Well, maybe all our hopes and dreams don’t have to disappear. I am writing to you because something has happened here at Maple Motel. Mr. Sung is selling the motel! He is selling it at a low price because he’s tired of running a motel. We’re eager to buy it from him and we are looking for investors (投资人). If you would like to invest, please let me know. You can contact me at my telephone number — 6253908 any time. It wouldn’t be a donation. You would be one of the owners in the future. Whenever a customer comes to stay at the motel, part of the money would go to you. You might be asking yourself, “Why should I invest in a motel from a 10-year-old?” You can trust me because our dreams will come true for three reasons: 1. I know what I’m doing. I know every corner of this motel like the back of my hand because I’ve lived and worked here for almost a year. 2. I love what I’m doing. I’m very proud of my work. Every day, I check people in at the front desk. The customers like me because I treat them like family members. 3. No investment is too small. Even if all you have are some extra pennies and nickels lying around, we’ll take them. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours truly Lucy Wong 1．Maple Motel means a lot to Lucy Wong and her parents, doesn’t it? 2．What does Lucy Wong do in the motel? 3．Why is Mr. Sung selling the motel at a low price? 4．How can people reach Lucy Wong? 5．Why does Lucy Wong write this letter? 6．What might be the third reason Lucy gives in her letter? (Please fill in the blank with at least two sentences.) 【答案】1．Yes, it does. 2．She usually helps the customers to check in and out at the front desk. 3．Because he’s tired of running a motel. 4．Contact her at phone number — 6253908 any time. 5．Because she wants some investment in the motel. 6．No investment is too small. Even if all you have are some extra pennies and nickels lying around, we’ll take them. 【导语】本文主要讲述了一名名叫Lucy Wong的10岁女孩在报纸上登了一封信，寻求合作伙伴，她在信中阐明了自己对汽车旅馆的了解，以及自己为什么是一个好的合作伙伴。 1．根据第一段中“For the past year, I have been helping my parents manage a motel (a small hotel) in Clifton, California. We have made it our home, from the towels we carefully fold each and every day to the customers we call family.”可知，Maple Motel对于Lucy Wong一家人很重要。故填Yes, it does. 2．根据第一段中“I usually help the customers to check in and out at the front desk.”可知，Lucy Wong通常在旅馆里帮助客人登记。故填She usually helps the customers to check in and out at the front desk. 3．根据第三段中“He is selling it at a low price because he’s tired of running a motel.”可知，宋先生厌倦了经营旅馆。故填Because he’s tir ed of running a motel. 4．根据第三段中“You can contact me at my telephone number — 6253908 any time.”可知，可以拨打6253908联系Lucy Wong。故填Contact her at phone number — 6253908 any time. 5．根据第三段中“We’re eager to buy it from him and we are looking for investors”可知，写信的目的是为了寻找合作伙伴。故填Because she wants some investment in the motel. 6．根据最后一段中“No investment is too small. Even if all you have are some extra pennies and nickels lying around, we’ll take them.”可知，Lucy Wong会坚持做这件事，直到成功。故填No investment is too small. Even if all you have are some extra pennies and nickels lying around, we’ll take them. 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $