2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册全册核心短语与固定搭配(背诵+讲解+练习)

新九上全册核心短语与固定搭配(背诵+讲解+练习) 人教版初中英语 九年级上册 · 全册8个单元 · 背诵 + 讲解 + 练习 + 答案 Unit 1 The Changing World 变化中的世界 【单元话题】社会变化与身边变迁 【核心语法】一般过去时 vs 现在完成时 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 take place 发生；举行 in the past 在过去 over the last few years 在过去的几年里 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 as a result 结果；因此 thanks to 多亏；由于 be covered with 被……覆盖 with the development of 随着……的发展 cut down 减少；砍倒 by hand 用手工；手工地 environmental protection 环境保护 all the time 一直；总是 look forward to 期待；盼望 more and more 越来越多的 二、重点短语精讲 1. take place 发生；举行 【例句】Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the last ten years. 【译文】过去十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 【点拨】take place 没有被动语态，说“变化被发生”是错的。它多指有原因、有安排的事；happen 更偏偶然。 2. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 【例句】There used to be a small pond behind our school, but now it is a basketball court. 【译文】我们学校后面过去有个小池塘，现在成了篮球场。 【点拨】used to 只讲过去，暗含“现在不这样了”。否定说 didn't use to，疑问说 Did you use to...，这时 use 要还原成原形。 3. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 【例句】Grandpa is used to walking to the market every morning. 【译文】爷爷习惯每天早上步行去菜市场。 【点拨】这里的 to 是介词，后面只能跟名词或动词的 -ing 形式。和 used to do 只差一个 be，意思差很远，做题先看有没有 be。 4. as a result 结果；因此 【例句】The new subway line opened last year. As a result, my father spends only half an hour getting to work. 【译文】新地铁线去年开通了。因此，爸爸上班只要半小时。 【点拨】as a result 单独用，后面跟一个句子；as a result of 后面接原因，跟名词。位置不同，别混。 5. thanks to 多亏；由于 【例句】Thanks to the new railway, farmers can send their fruit to the city the same day. 【译文】多亏了这条新铁路，农民当天就能把水果运到城里。 【点拨】thanks to 带感谢的味道，多用于好事；because of 是中性的，好事坏事都能说。 6. be covered with 被……覆盖 【例句】The hills that used to be bare are now covered with young trees. 【译文】过去光秃秃的山坡，现在覆盖着小树。 【点拨】记住介词是 with，不是 by。这个短语本身已含“被覆盖”的意思，别再加多余的 was。 7. with the development of 随着……的发展 【例句】With the development of online shopping, small shops in the town have had to change. 【译文】随着网上购物的发展，镇上的小店不得不做出改变。 【点拨】with 在这里表示“伴随着”，整个短语作状语，句子还要有自己的主语和谓语，别写成两句拼在一起。 8. look forward to 期待；盼望 【例句】We are looking forward to seeing the new library open next month. 【译文】我们盼着下个月新图书馆开放。 【点拨】to 是介词，后面接 doing。很多同学写成 look forward to see，一定要改过来。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ take place vs happen • take place：发生；举行，多指有安排或有原因的事，不用被动。例如：The sports meeting will take place next Friday. • happen：（偶然）发生，常说 happen to sb.。例如：A funny thing happened to me on the bus this morning. ◆ used to do vs be used to doing • used to do：过去常常做某事，现在已不再做。例如：My mother used to ride a bike to work. • be used to doing：习惯于做某事，说的是现在的习惯。例如：My mother is used to riding a bike to work. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 发生；举行 take ________ 2. 在过去 in the ________ 3. 结果；因此 as a ________ 4. 多亏；由于 ________ to 5. 被……覆盖 be covered ________ 6. 期待；盼望 look ________ to 7. 用手工；手工地 ________ hand 8. 一直；总是 all the ________ Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. Great changes ________ (take) place in our village since 2015. 10. My grandfather used to ________ (get) up at five to feed the cows. 11. The bare hills are now covered with ________ (tree) and wild flowers. 12. We are looking forward to ________ (visit) the new science museum. 13. Life here has become much ________ (easy) with the development of technology. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. My aunt ________ live in a small village, but now she works in Shenzhen. A. is used to B. used to C. was used to D. uses to 15. — Your English is much better now. — Well, I ________ reading English news every morning. A. used to B. am used to C. used D. was used to 16. A big earthquake ________ in that area in 2008, and the town was rebuilt three years later. A. took place B. was taken place C. has taken place D. takes place 17. ________ the hard work of the villagers, the river is clean again. A. Because B. Thanks to C. As a result D. Instead of 18. — How long ________ you ________ in this neighbourhood? — Since the old factory moved away. A. did; live B. have; lived C. do; live D. has; lived （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. 过去几年里，我们镇上发生了许多变化。 Many changes have ________ ________ in our town over the last few years. 20. 这些山坡现在覆盖着果树。 These hills are now ________ ________ fruit trees. 21. 多亏了这条新公路，去县城只要半小时。 ________ ________ the new road, it takes only half an hour to get to the county town. 22. 我妈妈已经习惯了坐地铁上班。 My mother ________ ________ ________ taking the subway to work. 23. 我们盼着暑假去看爷爷。 We are looking ________ ________ seeing Grandpa during the summer holiday. Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 方框：take place / in the past / as a result / be covered with / with the development of My grandma often tells me what our village was like 24.________ . There was only one narrow dirt road, and the hills behind the houses were bare. Great changes have 25.________ since the high-speed railway reached our county. 26.________ tourism, many families have opened small guesthouses. The bare hills 27.________ peach trees now, and every spring visitors come to take photos. 28.________ , young people who once left for the city are coming back to start their own business. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语 1. place 2. past 3. result 4. Thanks 5. with 6. forward 7. by 8. time Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 9. have taken since 2015 表示从2015年一直到现在，配现在完成时。 10. get used to 后面跟动词原形，讲过去的习惯。 11. trees 被树木覆盖，树不止一棵，用复数。 12. visiting look forward to 的 to 是介词，后接动词的 -ing 形式。 13. easier much 修饰比较级，easy 变 easier。 Ⅲ. 单项选择 14. B 后半句说她现在在深圳工作，说明“过去住乡下、现在不住了”，用 used to。 15. B 回答者在说自己现在养成的习惯，be used to doing 正合适。 16. A 地震是自己发生的，take place 不用被动；in 2008 是过去时间，用过去式。 17. B 村民辛勤劳动是好事，thanks to 带感谢意味；as a result 后面不能直接跟名词。 18. B 答语用 Since 引导，提示主句是现在完成时，主语 you 用 have lived。 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子 19. taken / place changes 与 take place 搭配，have 后面用过去分词，不用被动。 20. covered / with 固定搭配 be covered with，介词是 with。 21. Thanks / to 句首首字母大写。 22. is / used / to 说的是现在已经养成的习惯。 23. forward / to look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事。 Ⅴ. 短文填空 24. in the past 讲的是“从前的村子”，与后面的过去时呼应。 25. taken place have 后面接过去分词，changes 与 take place 搭配。 26. With the development of 句首大写，说随着旅游业的发展。 27. are covered with hills 是复数，讲现在的状态用一般现在时的被动形式。 28. As a result 前后是因果关系，句首大写。 Unit 2 Inspiring People 激励人心的人们 【单元话题】榜样人物与激励 【核心语法】It is/was...to do...；强调句 It is/was...that... 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 look up to 钦佩；仰慕 look down on 轻视；瞧不起 admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩某人 be inspired by 受到……的鼓舞 inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事 devote oneself to 献身于；致力于 make a difference 有影响；起作用 make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事 a sense of achievement 成就感 be full of courage 充满勇气 have the courage to do sth. 有勇气做某事 make achievements in 在……方面取得成就 be curious about 对……好奇 provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 二、重点短语精讲 1. look up to 钦佩；仰慕 【例句】I look up to my chemistry teacher, who never gives up on a single student. 【译文】我很敬佩我的化学老师，他从不放弃任何一个学生。 【点拨】这里的 up 不是“往上看”，而是心里的敬重。反过来说轻视是 look down on，两个都别加多余的介词。 2. admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩某人 【例句】We admire Yuan Longping for feeding so many people with his rice. 【译文】我们钦佩袁隆平先生用他的水稻养活了那么多人。 【点拨】钦佩的原因用 for 引出，for 后面跟名词或 doing。若要说“把某人视为……而钦佩”，换成 admire sb. as... 3. devote oneself to 献身于；致力于 【例句】She devoted herself to teaching in a mountain village for thirty years. 【译文】她把三十年时间献给了山村的教育。 【点拨】to 是介词，后面接名词或 doing；oneself 要跟主语保持一致，主语是 he 就用 himself。 4. make a difference 有影响；起作用 【例句】One person picking up litter may seem small, but it really makes a difference. 【译文】一个人捡起垃圾看着微不足道，却真的能起作用。 【点拨】说对什么有影响，用 make a difference to sth.；想强调差别大，可以说 make a big difference。 5. be inspired by 受到……的鼓舞 【例句】Many students were inspired by the astronaut's talk and started reading about space. 【译文】许多学生受到那位航天员讲座的鼓舞，开始读太空方面的书。 【点拨】inspire 的宾语是人，所以人作主语时要用被动 be inspired by；主动说法是 The talk inspired many students. 6. make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事 【例句】He made an effort to speak English with foreign visitors, even though he was shy. 【译文】尽管腼腆，他还是努力和外国客人说英语。 【点拨】effort 后面用不定式，不用 doing。“不遗余力”是 spare no effort to do，考试里常见。 7. a sense of achievement 成就感 【例句】Finishing a whole book in English gave me a real sense of achievement. 【译文】用英语读完整本书让我很有成就感。 【点拨】a sense of 后面换个词就是另一种感受：a sense of humour 幽默感，a sense of duty 责任感。 8. It is/was + adj. + of/for sb. to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）是……的 【例句】It was very brave of him to climb the mountain alone in winter. 【译文】他冬天独自登山，真是勇敢。 【点拨】形容词说的是人的品质（brave, kind, silly）就用 of；说事情本身难易（difficult, easy, important）就用 for。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ look up to vs look down on • look up to：钦佩、仰慕某人。例如：Everyone in the team looks up to the old coach. • look down on：轻视、瞧不起某人。例如：Never look down on people who work with their hands. ◆ It is + adj. + of sb. to do vs It is + adj. + for sb. to do • It is + adj. + of sb. to do：形容词描述人的品质。例如：It was kind of her to carry my bag upstairs. • It is + adj. + for sb. to do：形容词描述事情对某人来说怎么样。例如：It is hard for me to remember so many dates. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 钦佩；仰慕 look ________ to 2. 轻视；瞧不起 look ________ on 3. 因某事钦佩某人 admire sb. ________ sth. 4. 献身于；致力于 devote oneself ________ 5. 有影响；起作用 make a ________ 6. 努力做某事 make an ________ to do sth. 7. 成就感 a ________ of achievement 8. 对……好奇 be ________ about Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. It was very kind of the old man ________ (show) us the way. 10. She has devoted herself to ________ (help) children in poor areas. 11. The young pilot's story inspired us ________ (work) harder. 12. His ________ (achieve) in medicine are known all over the world. 13. Yuan Longping is one of the most ________ (inspire) people of our time. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. It is important ________ us ________ read books outside class. A. for; to B. of; to C. for; / D. of; / 15. My grandmother spared no effort ________ the whole family through those hard years. A. support B. supporting C. to support D. supported 16. The girl ________ her spare time to taking care of stray cats. A. spends B. devotes C. takes D. costs 17. We ________ Ms Li ________ her patience with every student. A. admire; for B. admire; to C. look; for D. thank; of 18. — Why do you ________ your uncle? — He built a small library for the village children. A. look down on B. look up to C. look after D. look through （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. 我们都仰慕那位为山区孩子建图书馆的老人。 We all ________ ________ ________ the old man who built a library for mountain children. 20. 他一生致力于研究水稻。 He ________ his whole life ________ studying rice. 21. 一个小小的举动也能起作用。 Even a small act can ________ ________ ________ . 22. 他有勇气承认自己的错误。 He had the ________ ________ ________ his own mistake. 23. 帮助别人给了她很强的成就感。 Helping others gave her a strong ________ ________ ________ . Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 方框：look up to / devote oneself to / make a difference / be inspired by / a sense of achievement Our head teacher, Mr Chen, is the person I 24.________ most. Twenty years ago he could have worked in a big city, but he chose to 25.________ teaching in our small town. Last term he stayed after class every day to help a boy who was falling behind in maths. The boy finally passed the exam, and both of them got 26.________ that money can never buy. Mr Chen often says one caring teacher can 27.________ to a child's whole life. Many of us 28.________ him and now want to be teachers, too. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语 1. up 2. down 3. for 4. to 5. difference 6. effort 7. sense 8. curious Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 9. to show It was kind of sb. to do sth. 是固定结构，真正的主语是后面的不定式。 10. helping devote oneself to 的 to 是介词，接动词的 -ing 形式。 11. to work inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事，用不定式。 12. achievements achieve 的名词是 achievement，谓语 are 说明要用复数。 13. inspiring 修饰 people，表示“令人鼓舞的”，用 -ing 形式的形容词。 Ⅲ. 单项选择 14. A important 说的是事情本身，用 for；It is...for sb. to do 后面接不定式。 15. C spare no effort to do sth. 是固定说法，to 后面跟动词原形。 16. B devote...to... 表示把时间精力投入到某事，其余三个动词都不这么搭配。 17. A admire sb. for sth.，for 引出钦佩的原因。 18. B 答语说叔叔为孩子们建了图书馆，是值得敬佩的事，用 look up to。 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子 19. look / up / to 一般现在时，主语 we 用动词原形。 20. devoted / to devote sth. to doing sth.，to 后面接 studying。 21. make / a / difference can 后面用动词原形。 22. courage / to / admit have the courage to do sth. 有勇气做某事。 23. sense / of / achievement a sense of achievement 成就感。 Ⅴ. 短文填空 24. look up to 从句主语是 I，用一般现在时的原形。 25. devote himself to chose to 后面接动词原形 devote，反身代词与 he 一致。 26. a sense of achievement got 后面需要一个名词短语作宾语。 27. make a difference can 后面用原形；make a difference to sth. 对某事有影响。 28. are inspired by 主语 many of us 是复数，讲现在的状态用 are inspired by。 Unit 3 Smart Learning 聪明地学习 【单元话题】学习方法与策略 【核心语法】宾语从句（that/if/whether 引导） 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 take an active part in 积极参加 come across 偶然遇到；碰见 take advantage of 利用；善用 practise doing sth. 练习做某事 have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事 connect...with... 把……与……联系起来 face a challenge 面对挑战 get guidance from 从……得到指导 a growth mindset 成长型思维 give feedback on 就……给出反馈 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 be successful in doing sth. 成功地做某事 keep a diary 坚持写日记 look up 查阅（词典等） in one's own way 用自己的方式 二、重点短语精讲 1. take an active part in 积极参加 【例句】Lily takes an active part in the English corner every Friday afternoon. 【译文】每周五下午莉莉都积极参加英语角。 【点拨】part 前面加 an active 就是“积极地”，去掉也能说 take part in。注意 part 前不加 the。 2. come across 偶然遇到；碰见 【例句】While reading the news, I came across a word I had never seen before. 【译文】读新闻时，我碰到一个从没见过的词。 【点拨】come across 强调“不是故意找到的”，所以没有被动语态。没有“偶然”的意思时该换成 meet 或 find。 3. take advantage of 利用；善用 【例句】Take advantage of the ten minutes between classes to go over new words. 【译文】好好利用课间那十分钟复习新词。 【点拨】这里是“善用”的中性意思。想说“充分利用”，中间加 full：take full advantage of。 4. connect...with... 把……与……联系起来 【例句】Peter connects what he learns in physics with the machines in his father's workshop. 【译文】彼得把物理课上学的知识和他爸爸车间里的机器联系起来。 【点拨】connect A with B 也可以说 connect A to B。被动形式 be connected with 常出现在阅读里。 5. have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事 【例句】Everyone has the ability to learn a language well, given enough practice. 【译文】只要练得够多，每个人都有能力把一门语言学好。 【点拨】ability 后面固定跟不定式，不说 ability of doing。它的形容词是 able，搭配 be able to do。 6. get guidance from 从……得到指导 【例句】Before the competition, we got useful guidance from our coach. 【译文】比赛前我们从教练那里得到了有用的指导。 【点拨】guidance 不可数，不能说 a guidance 或 guidances。“在某人指导下”是 under sb.'s guidance。 7. 宾语从句：I think (that)... 我认为…… 【例句】My teacher says that reading aloud helps us remember new words. 【译文】老师说朗读有助于我们记住新词。 【点拨】陈述句作宾语从句，连词用 that，口语里常省略。从句要用陈述语序，别倒装成疑问句的样子。 8. 宾语从句：ask if/whether... 问是否…… 【例句】Bin asked whether we could practise speaking English at lunchtime. 【译文】宾宾问我们能不能午饭时间练口语。 【点拨】一般疑问句变宾语从句，用 if 或 whether 连接，语序改成“主语 + 谓语”。介词后面和 or not 前面只能用 whether。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ come across vs look for • come across：偶然碰到、无意中发现。例如：I came across an old photo of my grandpa in the drawer. • look for：有意去找，强调寻找的过程。例如：I looked for my dictionary everywhere but didn't find it. ◆ if vs whether • if：可以引导宾语从句，也能引导条件句。例如：She asked if I had finished my homework. • whether：只引导从句；介词后、or not 前、不定式前都得用它。例如：We talked about whether to join the reading club. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 积极参加 take an active ________ in 2. 偶然遇到；碰见 come ________ 3. 利用；善用 take ________ of 4. 有能力做某事 have the ________ to do sth. 5. 面对挑战 ________ a challenge 6. 从……得到指导 get ________ from 7. 熟能生巧 ________ makes perfect 8. 查阅（词典等） look ________ Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. I don't know if he ________ (join) our study group tomorrow. 10. Practice makes perfect, so keep ________ (practise) every day. 11. Everyone has the ability ________ (learn) something new. 12. Sam asked me if I ________ (know) the meaning of the new word. 13. Successful learners are good at ________ (connect) new knowledge with real life. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. — Could you tell me ________? — Sure. It's next to the post office. A. where is the bookshop B. where the bookshop is C. where was the bookshop D. the bookshop is where 15. I'm not sure ________ Peter will come to the podcast club, because he didn't answer my message. A. that B. what C. whether D. which 16. While I was cleaning the desk, I ________ my old English notebook. A. looked for B. came across C. took part in D. gave up 17. Good learners ________ every chance to use the language. A. take advantage of B. take part in C. take care D. take place 18. Our teacher says ________ mistakes are a normal part of learning. A. if B. whether C. that D. what （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. 我不知道她明天是否会来。 I don't know ________ ________ ________ come tomorrow. 20. 每个人都有能力学好英语。 Everyone ________ the ________ to learn English well. 21. 我们应该充分利用图书馆。 We should take ________ ________ ________ the library. 22. 昨天我在书店偶然遇到了我的小学老师。 Yesterday I ________ ________ my primary school teacher in the bookshop. 23. 熟能生巧，所以别怕出错。 ________ ________ ________ , so don't be afraid of making mistakes. Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 方框：take an active part in / come across / take advantage of / look up / get guidance from Zhang Wei used to think English was boring. Last term he began to 24.________ the school podcast club, and everything changed. Whenever he 25.________ a new expression in an English song, he writes it down and 26.________ its meaning in the dictionary. He also 27.________ every free minute between classes, reading a few lines of a story. Last month he 28.________ his English teacher on how to keep a diary in English. Now he says learning a language is like making a new friend. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语 1. part 2. across 3. advantage 4. ability 5. face 6. guidance 7. Practice 8. up Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 9. will join tomorrow 表示将来，宾语从句用一般将来时。 10. practising keep doing sth. 一直做某事，后面接 -ing 形式。 11. to learn ability 后面固定跟不定式。 12. knew 主句 asked 是过去时，宾语从句相应用过去时。 13. connecting be good at 的 at 是介词，后面接动词的 -ing 形式。 Ⅲ. 单项选择 14. B 宾语从句要用陈述语序，疑问词后面直接跟主语和谓语。 15. C be not sure 后面表示“是否”，用 whether 更稳妥，that 不表示疑问。 16. B 擦桌子时无意中发现笔记本，是偶然碰到，用 came across。 17. A 善用每一次机会，take advantage of 正合适；take place 是“发生”。 18. C 从句是陈述句“错误是学习的一部分”，用 that 连接。 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子 19. whether / she / will 是否会来，用 whether 引导，从句用陈述语序。 20. has / ability 主语 everyone 用单数 has；have the ability to do sth.。 21. full / advantage / of take full advantage of 充分利用。 22. came / across yesterday 提示用过去式。 23. Practice / makes / perfect 谚语，句首大写，practice 在此是名词作主语。 Ⅴ. 短文填空 24. take an active part in began to 后面接动词原形。 25. comes across Whenever 引导的从句讲反复发生的事，主语 he 用第三人称单数。 26. looks up 与前面的 writes 并列，同样用第三人称单数。 27. takes advantage of 一般现在时，主语 He 用第三人称单数。 28. got guidance from Last month 提示用过去式；get guidance from sb. on sth.。 Unit 4 Our Memory 我们的记忆 【单元话题】记忆、学习策略与日常回忆 【核心语法】疑问词引导的宾语从句 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 go through 经历；经受 keep in mind 记住；牢记 pay attention to 注意 take notes 做笔记 run out of 用完；耗尽 happen to 发生在……身上 have a good memory 记忆力好 in memory of 为纪念…… make use of 利用 write down 写下；记下 be worried about 担心 boost one's memory 增强记忆力 go over 复习；回顾 key points 要点 short-term memory 短期记忆 二、重点短语精讲 1. go through 经历；经受 【例句】My grandma went through a lot when she was young, but she rarely talks about it. 【译文】奶奶年轻时经历了很多，但她很少提起。 【点拨】go through 后面直接跟经历的事，不加介词。它还能表示“仔细过一遍”：Let's go through the list again. 2. keep in mind 记住；牢记 【例句】Keep in mind that our brain needs sleep to store what we learn. 【译文】记住，大脑需要睡眠来储存我们学到的东西。 【点拨】宾语短就放中间：keep it in mind；宾语是个句子就用 keep in mind that...。同义说法是 bear in mind。 3. pay attention to 注意 【例句】Pay attention to the way she pronounces the word, not just the spelling. 【译文】注意她读这个词的方式，不要只看拼写。 【点拨】to 是介词，后面接名词或 doing。attention 前面还能加 more/little：pay more attention to。 4. take notes 做笔记 【例句】I take notes in two colours so that the key points jump out later. 【译文】我用两种颜色记笔记，这样要点后面一眼就能看到。 【点拨】notes 用复数。“就某内容做笔记”是 take notes on sth.，别写成 take note。 5. run out of 用完；耗尽 【例句】We ran out of paper halfway through the memory game. 【译文】记忆游戏玩到一半，我们的纸用完了。 【点拨】run out of 的主语是人；东西作主语就去掉 of：My pen ran out. 意思一样，主语不同。 6. make use of 利用 【例句】Good learners make use of pictures and sounds to remember new words. 【译文】会学习的人会借助图画和声音来记新词。 【点拨】use 在这里是名词。想说“充分利用”，在 use 前加 full：make full use of。 7. 疑问词引导的宾语从句 what/where/how... 引导 【例句】I can't remember where I put my glasses. 【译文】我想不起来把眼镜放哪儿了。 【点拨】疑问词后面要用陈述语序，主语在动词前面。写成 where did I put 就错了。 8. 疑问词 + 不定式 相当于宾语从句的简化说法 【例句】Grandpa sometimes forgets how to get back home from the park. 【译文】爷爷有时会忘记怎么从公园回家。 【点拨】forget, know, decide 后面可以直接跟“疑问词 + to do”，和用从句表达同一个意思，两种都对。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ remember to do vs remember doing • remember to do：记得去做某事（还没做）。例如：Remember to bring your notebook tomorrow. • remember doing：记得做过某事（已经做了）。例如：I remember locking the door before we left. ◆ run out of vs run out • run out of：人把某物用完，后面接物。例如：The team ran out of time before the last question. • run out：某物自己用完了，物作主语，不接 of。例如：The batteries in my clock have run out. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 经历；经受 go ________ 2. 记住；牢记 keep in ________ 3. 注意 pay ________ to 4. 做笔记 take ________ 5. 用完；耗尽 run ________ of 6. 为纪念…… in ________ of 7. 利用 make ________ of 8. 复习；回顾 go ________ Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. Do you know what ________ (happen) to Rick's grandma last week? 10. Try ________ (take) notes with pictures — it really works. 11. The more you review, the ________ (easy) it becomes to remember. 12. Dolphins have very good ________ (memory). 13. Pay attention to ________ (use) your five senses when you study. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. — Do you know ________? — He went to buy some milk. A. where is Tom B. where Tom has gone C. where has Tom gone D. where did Tom go 15. My little brother often forgets ________ after using it. A. where to put it B. where put it C. where does he put it D. to where put it 16. We ________ water on the third day of the trip, so we had to go back. A. ran out B. ran out of C. used up of D. run out of 17. ________ that a short walk after class helps your brain rest. A. Keep in mind B. Keep mind in C. Keep in the mind D. Keeping mind 18. — I can't remember ________ I saw the film. — Try to think about who was with you. A. that B. if C. when D. whether （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. 我不知道她的记忆出了什么问题。 I don't know what ________ ________ ________ her memory. 20. 请注意老师写在黑板上的要点。 Please ________ ________ ________ the key points on the blackboard. 21. 我们上课时应该做笔记。 We should ________ ________ in class. 22. 牢记好记忆力来自反复复习。 ________ ________ ________ that a good memory comes from reviewing again and again. 23. 他们在旅行的第二天就把食物吃完了。 They ________ ________ ________ food on the second day of the trip. Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 方框：go through / keep in mind / pay attention to / take notes / run out of Our biology teacher gave us a simple test last Monday. She read out fifteen words and asked us to write down as many as we could. Most of us remembered only six or seven. Then she taught us a few tricks. First, we should 24.________ what we hear instead of letting our eyes wander around the room. Second, we should 25.________ with short lines and drawings rather than copying every sentence. Third, we should always 26.________ that the brain forgets fastest in the first day, so a quick review before sleep matters. She also warned us not to study until we 27.________ energy — a tired brain stores nothing. Two weeks later we did the same test again. This time I 28.________ the list twice in my head and remembered thirteen words. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语 1. through 2. mind 3. attention 4. notes 5. out 6. memory 7. use 8. over Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 9. happened last week 提示用过去式；what 在从句中作主语，语序不变。 10. taking try doing sth. 表示“试着用某种方法做”。 11. easier the more..., the +比较级 结构，easy 变 easier。 12. memories dolphins 是复数，memory 相应用复数 memories。 13. using pay attention to 的 to 是介词，后面接 -ing 形式。 Ⅲ. 单项选择 14. B 宾语从句用陈述语序；答语说他去买牛奶了，用现在完成时更贴合。 15. A “疑问词 + 不定式”作宾语，where to put it 表示“该把它放哪儿”。 16. B 主语 we 是人，把水用完，用 ran out of；句中 had 说明是过去时。 17. A 祈使句用动词原形开头，keep in mind that... 是固定说法。 18. C 答语提示回想“和谁在一起”，说明想不起的是时间，用 when。 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子 19. has / happened / to something happens to sb.，用现在完成时说影响到现在。 20. pay / attention / to 祈使句，Please 后面用动词原形。 21. take / notes should 后面接原形，notes 用复数。 22. Keep / in / mind 祈使句开头，首字母大写。 23. ran / out / of on the second day 提示用过去式。 Ⅴ. 短文填空 24. pay attention to should 后面接动词原形。 25. take notes 与前一句并列，同样跟在 should 后面用原形。 26. keep in mind should always 后面接原形，后面还带 that 从句。 27. run out of until 引导的从句用一般现在时表将来，主语 we 用原形。 28. went through This time 指两周后的那次，用过去式；go through the list 把清单过一遍。 Unit 5 Power of Ideas 想法的力量 【单元话题】发明、创新与现实转化 【核心语法】一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 come up with 想出；提出 carry out 执行；实施 depend on 依赖；取决于 be responsible for 对……负责；是……的原因 be connected to/with 与……相连 spread...to... 把……传播到…… be made from 由……制成（看不出原料） be made of 由……制成（看得出原料） to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是 have an effect on 对……有影响 be invented by 由……发明 turn...into... 把……变成…… mix...with... 把……和……混合 in the 1890s 在19世纪90年代 instead of 代替；而不是 二、重点短语精讲 1. come up with 想出；提出 【例句】A student came up with a clever way to keep the classroom windows clean. 【译文】一名学生想出了保持教室窗户干净的妙招。 【点拨】后面跟想法、办法。别和 catch up with（追上）、put up with（忍受）混在一起。 2. carry out 执行；实施 【例句】The team carried out the experiment three times before they believed the result. 【译文】那个小组把实验做了三遍才相信结果。 【点拨】常和 plan, experiment, test, research 搭配。被动形式很常见：The test was carried out last week. 3. depend on 依赖；取决于 【例句】Whether the paper turns out well depends on how long the fibre is boiled. 【译文】纸做得好不好，取决于纤维煮了多久。 【点拨】on 不能丢。“看情况”可以只说 It depends.；“依靠某人做某事”是 depend on sb. to do sth. 4. be responsible for 对……负责；是……的原因 【例句】Papermaking was responsible for the fast spread of knowledge in ancient China. 【译文】造纸术使知识在古代中国迅速传播。 【点拨】for 后面接名词或 doing。这个短语既能说“负责某项工作”，也能说“是某个结果的原因”。 5. be made from / be made of 由……制成 【例句】Paper is made from wood, while that box is made of paper. 【译文】纸由木头制成，而那个盒子是纸做的。 【点拨】看不出原来的样子用 from（木头变纸）；还看得出来就用 of（纸做的盒子）。 6. to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是 【例句】To everyone's surprise, the new paper was light, soft and cheap. 【译文】令所有人惊讶的是，这种新纸又轻又软又便宜。 【点拨】to 是介词，后面接名词所有格：to my surprise, to our teacher's surprise。这是固定说法，surprise 前不加 a。 7. 一般过去时的被动语态 was/were + 过去分词 【例句】The first radio signal was sent across the Atlantic Ocean in 1901. 【译文】第一个无线电信号于1901年被发送到大西洋对岸。 【点拨】主语是“被做的东西”就用被动。别漏掉过去分词，send 的过去分词是 sent。 8. 一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are + 过去分词 【例句】These bricks are made of clay and dried in the sun. 【译文】这些砖用黏土制成，在太阳下晾干。 【点拨】be 的形式跟主语的单复数走。两个被动并列时，第二个 be 可以省略，只留过去分词。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ be made from vs be made of • be made from：原料已经变了样，看不出来。例如：This bag is made from recycled bottles. • be made of：还能看出原来的材料。例如：The old bridge is made of stone. ◆ come up with vs catch up with • come up with：想出（主意、办法）。例如：She came up with a plan to save water at home. • catch up with：追上、赶上（人或进度）。例如：He studied hard and soon caught up with his classmates. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 想出；提出 come ________ with 2. 执行；实施 ________ out 3. 依赖；取决于 depend ________ 4. 对……负责 be ________ for 5. 由……制成（看不出原料） be made ________ 6. 令某人惊讶的是 ________ one's surprise 7. 对……有影响 have an ________ on 8. 把……变成…… turn ... ________ ... Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. The radio ________ (invent) more than a hundred years ago. 10. Paper ________ (make) from wood in most factories today. 11. Marconi's ________ (invent) changed the way news travelled. 12. The plan was carried out ________ (success) last spring. 13. These tiny cameras ________ (connect) to a pair of glasses. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. The first Chinese satellite ________ into space in 1970. A. sent B. was sent C. is sent D. sends 15. Our science teacher asked us to ________ the experiment again and write down every step. A. carry away B. carry out C. come out D. take out 16. Whether the seeds grow well ________ the soil and the weather. A. depends on B. depend on C. is depended on D. depends 17. — What is this soft cloth made ________? — Bamboo, believe it or not. A. of B. from C. by D. in 18. ________, the young engineer solved the problem in ten minutes. A. To our surprised B. To our surprise C. In our surprise D. For our surprise （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. 上周他们进行了一次新的测试。 A new test ________ ________ ________ last week. 20. 令我们惊讶的是，这种纸又轻又结实。 ________ ________ ________ , the paper was light and strong. 21. 这些盒子是用旧报纸做成的。 These boxes ________ ________ ________ old newspapers. 22. 造纸术对世界文明有很大影响。 Papermaking ________ a great ________ ________ world civilization. 23. 一切都取决于我们如何使用这项技术。 Everything ________ ________ how we use the technology. Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 方框：come up with / carry out / be made from / to one's surprise / have an effect on Last term our class joined a small science project. The problem was simple: the school threw away hundreds of plastic bottles every week. Lin Tao 24.________ an idea — why not turn them into flower pots for the school garden? We 25.________ the plan in three weeks. Each pot 26.________ two bottles, some sand and a little paint. 27.________ , the pots looked so nice that other classes asked for them, too. Our teacher said a small project like this can 28.________ the way students think about waste. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语 1. up 2. carry 3. on 4. responsible 5. from 6. to 7. effect 8. into Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 9. was invented 收音机是被发明的，ago 提示用过去时的被动语态。 10. is made today 提示一般现在时，主语 paper 不可数，用 is made。 11. invention 空格后有谓语 changed，这里需要名词作主语。 12. successfully 修饰动词短语 was carried out，用副词。 13. are connected 摄像头是被连接上去的，主语是复数，用 are connected。 Ⅲ. 单项选择 14. B 卫星是被发射的，in 1970 提示过去时，用 was sent。 15. B 做实验的固定搭配是 carry out an experiment。 16. A 主语是 Whether 引导的从句，看作单数，用 depends on。 17. B 布由竹子加工而成，看不出竹子的原样，用 made from。 18. B to one's surprise 是固定短语，surprise 是名词，不能用 surprised。 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子 19. was / carried / out 测试是被进行的，last week 用过去时的被动语态。 20. To / our / surprise 句首大写，物主代词用 our。 21. are / made / from 报纸打成纸浆后看不出原样，用 be made from。 22. had / effect / on have an effect on 对……有影响，讲历史事实用过去式。 23. depends / on 主语 Everything 是单数，用 depends on。 Ⅴ. 短文填空 24. came up with Last term 提示全篇用过去时。 25. carried out carry out the plan 执行计划，过去式。 26. was made from 每个花盆由瓶子等材料加工而成，主语 Each pot 是单数。 27. To our surprise 句首大写，后面是让人意外的结果。 28. have an effect on can 后面用动词原形。 Unit 6 Beyond Earth 地球之外 【单元话题】太空探索与中国航天 【核心语法】一般将来时的被动语态 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 set foot on 踏上；登上 on board 在船（飞机、航天器）上 in case 以防；万一 run out of 用完（资源等） benefit from 从……中受益 cooperate with 与……合作 launch a satellite 发射卫星 natural resources 自然资源 outer space 外层空间 deal with 处理；应对 take off 起飞 dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事 come true 实现；成为现实 look up at 仰望 be proud of 为……感到自豪 二、重点短语精讲 1. set foot on 踏上；登上 【例句】In 1969, humans set foot on the moon for the first time. 【译文】1969年，人类首次踏上月球。 【点拨】是 foot，单数。想说“进入某个地方”用 set foot in：He never set foot in that shop again. 2. on board 在船（飞机、航天器）上 【例句】Three astronauts were on board when the spacecraft docked with the station. 【译文】飞船与空间站对接时，船上有三名航天员。 【点拨】board 前不加 the。当动词短语用是 go on board（登船、登机）。 3. in case 以防；万一 【例句】Take an extra bottle of water in case the trip takes longer than planned. 【译文】多带一瓶水，以防行程比计划的长。 【点拨】in case 后面跟句子，从句用一般现在时表示将来。in case of 后面才跟名词。 4. run out of 用完（资源等） 【例句】If we run out of resources on Earth, where will we go? 【译文】如果我们把地球上的资源用完了，我们去哪里？ 【点拨】run out of 后面接物，主语是人；东西作主语说 sth. runs out，不带 of。 5. benefit from 从……中受益 【例句】Farmers benefit from satellite pictures when they decide the best day to harvest. 【译文】农民在决定最佳收割日时，从卫星图像中受益。 【点拨】benefit 既是动词也是名词。作动词还能直接带宾语：Space technology benefits us all. 6. cooperate with 与……合作 【例句】Chinese scientists cooperate with teams from other countries on space research. 【译文】中国科学家在太空研究上与其他国家的团队合作。 【点拨】with 后面跟合作的对象。“合作做某事”是 cooperate in doing sth. 或 cooperate to do sth. 7. 一般将来时的被动语态 will be + 过去分词 【例句】A new lunar probe will be launched next year. 【译文】一台新的月球探测器将于明年发射。 【点拨】结构是 will be + 过去分词，will 后面永远是 be，不随主语变化。否定在 will 后加 not。 8. deal with 处理；应对 【例句】Satellites help us deal with problems caused by climate change. 【译文】卫星帮助我们应对气候变化带来的问题。 【点拨】deal with 后面跟要处理的事或人；同义的 do with 只能和 what 一起用：What did you do with the data? 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ set foot on vs land on • set foot on：（人）亲自踏上某地，带着“第一次、不容易”的味道。例如：She hopes to set foot on Mars one day. • land on：（航天器或人）着陆在某地。例如：Chang'e 4 landed on the far side of the moon in 2019. ◆ in case vs in case of • in case：以防、万一，后面跟一个句子。例如：Write down his number in case you forget it. • in case of：万一发生……，后面跟名词。例如：In case of fire, use the stairs, not the lift. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 踏上；登上 set ________ on 2. 在航天器上 on ________ 3. 以防；万一 in ________ 4. 用完（资源等） run ________ of 5. 从……中受益 ________ from 6. 与……合作 cooperate ________ 7. 处理；应对 deal ________ 8. 实现；成为现实 come ________ Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. The new space station ________ (complete) in a few years. 10. Two more satellites ________ (launch) next month. 11. Millions of people ________ (benefit) from space technology every day. 12. It is exciting ________ (watch) a rocket take off. 13. Chinese ________ (science) are working with teams from other countries. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. A new Chinese rocket ________ from Wenchang next spring. A. will launch B. will be launched C. was launched D. is launching 15. Take a jacket ________ it gets cold at night on the mountain. A. in case of B. because of C. in case D. so that 16. Sixteen crew members were ________ when the ship left the port. A. on the board B. on board C. in board D. aboard of 17. If we ________ clean water, no technology can save us. A. run out B. run out of C. are run out D. run of 18. Chinese and European scientists have ________ each other for many years. A. cooperated with B. cooperated to C. cooperated in D. cooperated for （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. 1969年，人类第一次踏上月球。 In 1969, humans ________ ________ ________ the moon for the first time. 20. 下一个探测器将于明年发射。 The next probe ________ ________ ________ next year. 21. 带上地图，以防手机没电。 Take a map ________ ________ your phone runs out of power. 22. 许多农民从卫星图像中受益。 Many farmers ________ ________ satellite pictures. 23. 他的太空梦想终于实现了。 His space dream finally ________ ________ . Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 方框：set foot on / on board / in case / benefit from / launch Space seems far away, but it touches our everyday life. Weather forecasts, map apps and long-distance calls all 24.________ satellites above our heads. China's space story has moved fast. In 2003 Yang Liwei went 25.________ Shenzhou V and became the first Chinese astronaut in orbit. Chinese astronauts have not yet 26.________ the moon, but plans are already being made. A new lunar probe 27.________ in the next few years, and scientists say two rockets will be ready 28.________ one of them fails. Looking up at the night sky, I feel these dreams are no longer science fiction. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语 1. foot 2. board 3. case 4. out 5. benefit 6. with 7. with 8. true Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 9. will be completed 空间站是被建成的，in a few years 提示一般将来时的被动语态。 10. will be launched 卫星是被发射的，next month 提示将来时的被动语态。 11. benefit every day 提示一般现在时，主语 millions of people 是复数。 12. to watch It is + adj. + to do sth. 结构，真正的主语是不定式。 13. scientists 谓语 are 说明主语是复数名词，science 的相应名词是 scientists。 Ⅲ. 单项选择 14. B 火箭是被发射的，next spring 提示将来时的被动语态。 15. C 后面跟的是完整句子，用 in case；in case of 只接名词。 16. B on board 是固定短语，board 前不加 the。 17. B 主语 we 是人，把水用完，后面接宾语，用 run out of。 18. A cooperate with sb. 与某人合作，each other 作宾语。 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子 19. set / foot / on In 1969 提示过去时，set 的过去式与原形同形。 20. will / be / launched 探测器是被发射的，用将来时的被动语态。 21. in / case 后面跟完整的句子，从句用一般现在时表示将来。 22. benefit / from 一般现在时，主语是复数，用动词原形。 23. came / true finally 与过去时呼应，come true 没有被动语态。 Ⅴ. 短文填空 24. benefit from 主语是三个并列名词，复数，用一般现在时的原形。 25. on board go on board 登上（飞船），后面直接跟名称。 26. set foot on have not yet 后面接过去分词，set 三种形式同形。 27. will be launched 探测器是被发射的，in the next few years 提示将来时的被动语态。 28. in case 以防其中一枚出故障，后面跟完整句子。 Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm 感受节奏 【单元话题】音乐、文化与情感 【核心语法】定语从句（that/which/who） 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 prefer...to... 更喜欢……而不是…… touch one's heart 触动某人的心 a live performance 现场表演 be full of 充满…… be popular with 受……欢迎 cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来 hats off to sb. 向某人致敬 be based on 以……为基础 musical instrument 乐器 traditional music 传统音乐 be moved by 被……感动 a sense of joy 欢乐感 all over the world 全世界 take up 开始学（某项活动） play the erhu 拉二胡 二、重点短语精讲 1. prefer...to... 更喜欢……而不是…… 【例句】My sister prefers folk songs to pop music. 【译文】姐姐喜欢民歌胜过流行音乐。 【点拨】to 是介词，两边要对称：名词对名词，doing 对 doing。prefer to do sth. 是另一个结构，别混。 2. touch one's heart 触动某人的心 【例句】The old erhu tune touched my heart the moment it began. 【译文】那首古老的二胡曲子一响起就触动了我的心。 【点拨】heart 前用形容词性物主代词：touched my heart。人被感动时用被动：I was touched by the song. 3. a live performance 现场表演 【例句】A live performance always feels different from a recording. 【译文】现场表演听起来总和录音不一样。 【点拨】live 这里是形容词，读 /laɪv/，只放在名词前面。作动词“居住”读 /lɪv/，看位置就能分清。 4. be full of 充满…… 【例句】Dance of the Golden Snake is full of joy and celebration. 【译文】《金蛇狂舞》充满欢乐与喜庆。 【点拨】等于 be filled with。full 后面用 of，别写成 be full with。 5. 定语从句 that/which 先行词是物 【例句】I love music which tells a story. 【译文】我喜欢能讲故事的音乐。 【点拨】先行词是物，用 that 或 which 都行；被 all, the only 修饰或先行词既有人又有物时，只用 that。 6. 定语从句 who 先行词是人 【例句】The girl who plays the pipa in our class won a city prize. 【译文】我们班弹琵琶的那个女孩得了市里的奖。 【点拨】先行词是人且在从句中作主语，用 who 或 that。从句谓语要和先行词的单复数一致。 7. be popular with 受……欢迎 【例句】This song is popular with students preparing for exams. 【译文】这首歌很受备考学生的欢迎。 【点拨】受某人欢迎用 with 或 among，不用 in。说“在某地流行”才用 in：popular in Europe。 8. cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来 【例句】We played her favourite music to cheer her up after the match. 【译文】比赛后我们放她最爱的音乐让她振作起来。 【点拨】代词作宾语必须放中间：cheer her up，不能说 cheer up her。名词放中间或后面都行。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ prefer A to B vs prefer to do A rather than do B • prefer A to B：喜欢 A 多于 B，to 是介词。例如：She prefers the guitar to the piano. • prefer to do A rather than do B：宁愿做 A 而不做 B。例如：I prefer to listen to music rather than watch TV. ◆ who vs which • who：引导定语从句时，先行词是人。例如：The musician who wrote this piece was only twenty. • which：引导定语从句时，先行词是物。例如：The piece which he wrote is still played today. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 更喜欢……而不是…… prefer ... ________ ... 2. 触动某人的心 ________ one's heart 3. 现场表演 a ________ performance 4. 充满…… be ________ of 5. 受……欢迎 be popular ________ 6. 使某人振作起来 cheer sb. ________ 7. 以……为基础 be ________ on 8. 向某人致敬 ________ off to sb. Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. I prefer music that ________ (touch) my heart to music that is just loud. 10. The performers used both Chinese and Western ________ (instrument). 11. Her ________ (perform) at the concert surprised everyone. 12. This piece is popular with young people who ________ (like) traditional culture. 13. Listening to soft music before bed is ________ (relax). （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. I like the singer ________ writes his own songs about ordinary life. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 15. Butterfly Lovers is a piece of music ________ tells a romantic story. A. who B. what C. which D. whose 16. My father prefers Beijing Opera ________ pop songs. A. than B. to C. from D. with 17. The concert hall was ________ people ten minutes before the show started. A. full with B. filled of C. full of D. fill of 18. Her friends sang her favourite song to ________ after the bad news. A. cheer up her B. cheer her up C. cheering her up D. cheer she up （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. 我喜欢古筝胜过吉他。 I ________ the guzheng ________ the guitar. 20. 那首曲子深深触动了我的心。 That piece deeply ________ ________ ________ . 21. 现场演出总是更激动人心。 A ________ ________ is always more exciting. 22. 这首歌很受中学生欢迎。 This song ________ ________ ________ middle school students. 23. 我们放了些音乐让妈妈振作起来。 We played some music to ________ ________ ________ . Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 方框：touch one's heart / a live performance / be full of / be popular with / cheer sb. up Last Friday our school held a small concert. The first piece was Dance of the Golden Snake, which 24.________ energy from the very first note. Then a Grade 9 girl played the erhu. Her tune was slow and warm, and it 25.________ — I even thought of my grandmother's village. Folk music like this 26.________ our parents, and now more students are starting to enjoy it, too. Watching musicians on a stage is quite different from playing a song on a phone; 27.________ lets you feel every breath of the player. After the show our music teacher said music can 28.________ on a grey day, and I think she is right. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语 1. to 2. touch 3. live 4. full 5. with 6. up 7. based 8. hats Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 9. touches 定语从句的先行词是 music，单数，谓语用第三人称单数。 10. instruments both...and... 说明乐器不止一种，用复数。 11. performance 空格后有谓语 surprised，这里要用名词作主语。 12. like 先行词 young people 是复数，从句谓语用原形。 13. relaxing 形容事物让人放松，用 -ing 形式的形容词。 Ⅲ. 单项选择 14. B 先行词 the singer 是人，在从句中作主语，用 who。 15. C 先行词 a piece of music 是物，在从句中作主语，用 which 或 that。 16. B prefer A to B 是固定搭配，不用 than。 17. C be full of 充满，介词是 of；filled 要搭配 with。 18. B cheer sb. up 中代词宾语必须放在中间。 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子 19. prefer / to prefer A to B，两边都是名词。 20. touched / my / heart deeply 后面用动词过去式，heart 前用物主代词 my。 21. live / performance live 作形容词修饰 performance。 22. is / popular / with 一般现在时，主语是单数；受某人欢迎用 with。 23. cheer / Mum / up to 后面接动词原形，名词宾语放在中间也可以。 Ⅴ. 短文填空 24. was full of which 指前面那首曲子，讲当时的情形用过去时。 25. touched my heart 与 was 并列，用过去时；I 的心用 my heart。 26. is popular with 主语 Folk music 不可数，讲现在的情况用 is。 27. a live performance 作句子主语，与前面的“在手机上听”作对比。 28. cheer us up can 后面用原形；从 I/we 的角度说，宾语用 us。 Unit 8 More than a Game 不只是一场比赛 【单元话题】体育赛事与体育精神 【核心语法】主谓一致 一、核心短语速查表 英文短语 中文释义 take part in 参加（活动、比赛） sign up for 报名参加 try out for 参加……的选拔 take the lead 领先；带头 catch up with 追上；赶上 cheer for 为……加油 win a prize 获奖 the spirit of sport 体育精神 compete with/against 与……竞争 relay race 接力赛 pass the baton 传递接力棒 break a record 打破记录 give up 放弃 do one's best 尽力；尽最大努力 more than 不只是；超过 二、重点短语精讲 1. take part in 参加（活动、比赛） 【例句】Over eight hundred students took part in this year's sports meeting. 【译文】今年有八百多名学生参加了运动会。 【点拨】参加活动、比赛用 take part in；加入组织、队伍用 join。part 前不加 the，但可以加 an active。 2. sign up for 报名参加 【例句】Today is the last day to sign up for the long jump. 【译文】今天是跳远报名的最后一天。 【点拨】for 后面跟报名的项目。sign in 是签到，sign out 是签退，三个别搞反。 3. try out for 参加……的选拔 【例句】He tried out for the basketball team three times before he made it. 【译文】他试了三次选拔才进了篮球队。 【点拨】选拔某个队伍用 try out for；试用某个东西是 try sth. out：Try the new shoes out first. 4. catch up with 追上；赶上 【例句】She fell behind at the start but caught up with the leader in the last lap. 【译文】她起跑落后，却在最后一圈追上了领先者。 【点拨】with 后面跟追赶的对象。追学习进度也能用它：catch up with the class。 5. cheer for 为……加油 【例句】The whole class stood up and cheered for Teng Fei. 【译文】全班站起来为腾飞加油。 【点拨】为某人加油是 cheer for sb.；让某人开心是 cheer sb. up，两个短语意思完全不同。 6. the spirit of sport 体育精神 【例句】Helping a fallen runner up shows the spirit of sport. 【译文】扶起摔倒的选手，体现了体育精神。 【点拨】spirit 作“精神”时常用单数并加 the。教材那句话值得背下来：The most important thing in sport is not winning but taking part. 7. 主谓一致：不定代词作主语 谓语用单数 【例句】Everyone in our class wants to join the cheering team. 【译文】我们班每个人都想加入啦啦队。 【点拨】everyone, nobody, each 这类词作主语，谓语用单数。中间插入的 in our class 不影响动词形式。 8. 主谓一致：both...and... 与就近原则 看连接词定单复数 【例句】Both the coach and the players are happy with the result. 【译文】教练和队员都对结果满意。 【点拨】both...and... 连接主语一定用复数。not only...but also... 和 either...or... 看后面那个主语，就近一致。 三、易混短语辨析 ◆ take part in vs join • take part in：参加活动或比赛，强调参与其中。例如：Will you take part in the relay race? • join：加入组织、团体，成为其中一员。例如：He joined the school football team last term. ◆ cheer for vs cheer sb. up • cheer for：为……加油、呐喊助威。例如：Thousands of fans cheered for the home team. • cheer sb. up：使某人高兴起来。例如：A cup of hot tea cheered Grandpa up. 四、单元过关练习 （一）基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. 参加（活动、比赛） take ________ in 2. 报名参加 sign ________ for 3. 参加……的选拔 ________ out for 4. 领先；带头 take the ________ 5. 追上；赶上 catch up ________ 6. 为……加油 ________ for 7. 打破记录 break a ________ 8. 尽力；尽最大努力 do one's ________ Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 9. Everyone in the team ________ (want) to win the relay race. 10. Both the coach and the players ________ (be) proud of the result. 11. Not only the students but also the teacher ________ (take) part in the game. 12. Neither of the two runners ________ (know) the final result yet. 13. The number of volunteers ________ (grow) every year. （二）能力提升 Ⅲ. 单项选择。（每小题2分，共10分） 14. Today is the last day to ________ the tryouts, so hurry up. A. sign in B. sign up for C. try on D. take up 15. She fell behind at first but soon ________ the girl in front. A. caught up with B. cheered for C. gave up D. took part in 16. ________ of the students in our class ________ swimming every week. A. Each; practise B. Each; practises C. Every; practises D. All; practises 17. The most important thing in sport is not winning ________ taking part. A. and B. or C. but D. so 18. Both Li Lei and Wang Fang ________ signed up for the high jump. A. has B. have C. is D. was （三）拓展应用 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分） 19. 去年有五百多名学生参加了校运动会。 More than five hundred students ________ ________ ________ the school sports meeting last year. 20. 我想报名参加接力赛。 I'd like to ________ ________ ________ the relay race. 21. 他在最后一百米追上了对手。 He ________ ________ ________ his opponent in the last hundred metres. 22. 全班都在为她加油。 The whole class ________ ________ ________ her. 23. 队员们都尽了最大努力。 The players all ________ ________ ________ . Ⅴ. 短文填空：从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。（每小题2分，共10分） 方框：take part in / sign up for / take the lead / catch up with / cheer for Our school sports meeting is held every October, and this year I decided to 24.________ the 4×100-metre relay for the first time. On the first day of training our coach told us that the handoff matters more than speed. In the final, our first runner 25.________ at once, but the third runner dropped the baton. Everyone thought it was over. Then Li Ming ran like the wind and 26.________ the second team on the last bend. The stands were so loud — hundreds of students were 27.________ us, banging on plastic bottles. We finished second, and nobody was disappointed. Next year I want to 28.________ the long jump as well, because taking part really does feel better than watching. 五、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示完成短语 1. part 2. up 3. try 4. lead 5. with 6. cheer 7. record 8. best Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 9. wants Everyone 作主语，谓语用单数；in the team 只是修饰成分。 10. are both...and... 连接的主语看作复数。 11. takes not only...but also... 遵循就近原则，靠 the teacher，用单数。 12. knows neither of... 作主语，谓语用单数。 13. grows the number of... 意思是“……的数量”，谓语用单数。 Ⅲ. 单项选择 14. B 报名参加选拔赛是 sign up for；sign in 是签到。 15. A 前面说落后，后面自然是追上前面的女孩。 16. B each of + 复数名词作主语，谓语用单数；every 不能直接接 of。 17. C not...but... 表示“不是……而是……”，与课文原句一致。 18. B both...and... 连接主语用复数，现在完成时用 have signed up。 Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子 19. took / part / in last year 提示用过去式。 20. sign / up / for would like to 后面接动词原形。 21. caught / up / with 讲过去比赛的事，用过去式。 22. was / cheering / for the whole class 作整体看作单数，当时正在加油用过去进行时。 23. did / their / best 主语 The players 是复数，物主代词用 their。 Ⅴ. 短文填空 24. take part in decided to 后面接动词原形。 25. took the lead 讲比赛当时的情况，用过去式。 26. caught up with 与 ran 并列，同样用过去式。 27. cheering for were 后面接 -ing 形式，构成过去进行时。 28. sign up for want to 后面接动词原形。 第 页 共 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $