晨读小练19：Unit 4 History and Traditions Reading and Thinking课文翻译及语法填空-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第二册

该高中英语学习任务单聚焦英国名称含义及历史背景，从名称困惑切入，串联英国历史发展（威尔士、苏格兰等联合与分离）、四国合作与差异及历史族群影响，通过课文翻译、重点词汇句式解析搭建学习支架，帮助学生构建语言与文化知识体系。 资料亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，课文翻译辅助理解，重点词汇句式解析提升语言表达，英国历史文化内容增强跨文化认知。习题分层设计（语法填空、词汇练习、选词填空），针对性巩固知识，强化学习策略，有效提升学习效率与思维品质。

高中英语晨读小练素材 Every minute counts. 晨读小练19：必修二 Unit 4 Reading and Thinking课文翻译及语法填空 WHAT'S IN A NAME?名字意味着什么？ Paragraph 1 The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England — many people are confused by what these different names mean. So what is the difference between them, if any? Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle. 联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——很多人对这些不同名字的含义感到困惑。如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？稍微了解一下英国历史将有助于你解决这个难题。 【重点必背】 confuse vt. 使迷惑→ confusing adj. 不清楚的 → confused adj. 迷惑的 →confusion n. 混乱；混淆 if any如果有的话 solve解决 puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt. 使困惑→ puzzling adj. 令人困惑的 → puzzled adj. 感到困惑的 【课文佳句】So what is the difference between them, if any?（if条件状语从句的省略形式） 如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？ Paragraph 2 In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, in the 18th century, the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Most people just use the shortened name: "the United Kingdom" or "the UK". People from the UK are called "British", which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain. 在16世纪，附近的威尔士与英格兰王国联合了起来。后来，在18世纪，苏格兰加入了创建大不列颠王国的行列。在19世纪，爱尔兰王国加入，一起组建了大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国。最终，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，形成了我们如今所看到的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。大多数人只是使用缩写名称："联合王国"或"英国"。来自英国的人被称为"不列颠人"，这意味着英国也经常被称为不列颠或大不列颠。 【重点必背】 nearby adj. 附近的；邻近的 adv. 在附近 join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来 break away from脱离；背叛；逃脱 result in导致；造成 refer to as 被称为 Paragraph 3 The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. However, they also have some differences. For example, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup! 联合王国的这四个国家在某些方面共同合作。像拥有相同的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗（称为"英国国旗"）。但是，它们也有一些不同之处。例如，英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰在教育体制和立法体制上都存在着差异。他们也有自己的传统，例如自己的民族节日和民族美食。他们甚至拥有各自的足球队去参加像世界杯之类的比赛！ 【重点必背】 belong to属于 as well as同(一样也)；和；还 military adj. 军事的；军用的 legal adj. 法律的；合法的→ illegal 不合法的 Paragraph 4 The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. The first group, the Romans, came in the first century. Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads. Next, the Anglo-Saxons arrived in the fifth century. They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses. The Vikings came in the eighth century, left behind lots of new vocabulary, and also the names of many locations across the UK. The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. The Normans were French, so many French words slowly entered into the English language. 英国有着悠久而有趣的历史可供探索，这可以帮助你进一步了解这个国家及其传统。在英国的几乎所有地方，你都发现有四批不同的人在整个历史的不同时期占据政权的痕迹。第一批是罗马人，出现于公元一世纪。他们的一些伟大成就包括修建城镇和道路。接下来，盎格鲁-撒克逊人于公元5世纪到来。他们创造了英语的起源，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。维京人于公元8世纪到来，留下了许多新词汇，同时也留下了英国各地的地名。最后一批是诺曼人。他们在11世纪著名的黑斯廷斯战役后征服了英格兰。他们在英格兰各地建造了城堡，并对法律制度进行了修改。诺曼人是法国人，因此英语中慢慢加入了许多法语单词。 【重点必背】 surround vt. 围绕；包围→ surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的 → surroundings n. 环境 evidence n. 证据；证明→ evident adj. 明显的 take over接收；接管 achievement n. 成就；成绩；达到→ achieve vt. 达到；实现 leave behind留下 location n. 地方；地点；位置→ locate vt. 确定……的准确地点 → located adj. 坐落于；位于 battle n. 战役；搏斗 vi.&vt. 搏斗；奋斗 【课文佳句】They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.（have sth. done）他们在英格兰各地建造城堡，并对法律体系进行改革。 Paragraph 5 There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present. 关于英国有趣的历史和文化，还有更多的东西需要学习。研究国家的历史将使你的旅行更加愉快。首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到古罗马时代。这里有数不胜数的历史遗迹可供探索，还有许多的博物馆，博物馆里收藏着来自英国各地的古代文物。英国是历史与现代文化的完美结合，既有新传统也有旧传统。如果你留心观察，你会惊讶地发现你既可以看到它的过去，也可以看到它的现在。 【重点必背】 make your visit much more enjoyable—— 使你的旅途更加愉快 as因为（引导原因状语从句） port n. 港口(城市) date back to追溯到 fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的→ fascinate v. 使……入迷 → fascinated adj. 着迷的 keep your eyes open留心；留意 【课文佳句】The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating back to Roman times.（as引导原因状语从句） 首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到古罗马时代。 【单元重点词汇】 1.puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人困惑的→puzzled adj.感到困惑的 2.belong vi.应在(某处)；适应→belonging n.[U]归属；[pl.]所有物，财产 3.defence n.防御；保卫→defend v.防御；保卫→defensive adj.防御的；保护的 4.legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.不合法的→legally adv.法律上地 5.surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surroundings n.环境 6.evidence n.证据；证明→evident adj.明显的 7.achievement n.成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.达到；实现 8.location n.地方；地点；位置→locate vt.确定……的准确地点；找出……的位置→located adj.坐落于；位于 9.fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinate v.使……入迷，迷住→fascinated adj.着迷的 10.announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→announcement n.宣布；通知→announcer n.广播员；解说员 11.generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generosity n.慷慨；大方 12.eager adj.热切的；渴望的→eagerly adv.热心地；急切地→eagerness n.热切；渴望 13.poet n.诗人→poem n.诗歌→poetry n.诗歌(总称) 14.greet vt.问候；迎接→greeting n.问候；致意 15.custom n.风俗；习俗；习惯→customer n.顾客→customs n.海关 16.striking adj.引人注目的；显著的→strike vt.打击；攻击；打动 n.罢工 17.crowd n.人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的 【单元重点句式】 1.句式： what引导宾语从句 原句：The United Kingdom，Great Britain，Britain，England—many people are confused by what these different names mean. 联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——很多人对这些不同名称的含义感到困惑。 2.句式：if条件状语从句的省略形式 原句： So what is the difference between them，if any？如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？ 3.句式：have sth.done 原句：They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system. 他们在英格兰各地建造城堡，并对法律体系进行改革。 4.句式： with复合结构；自然风光描写 原句：The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。 5.句式： It is＋adj.＋that ... 原句：With all this beauty，it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music，dancing，and dining.乡村景色如此优美，在爱尔兰形成这些浓厚的传统包括音乐、舞蹈以及餐饮就一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。 【小练1】课文语法填空（根据课文内容，用所给词的正确形式填空） 1. Many people are ____________ (confuse) by what these different names mean. 2. Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this ____________ (puzzle). 3. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was ____________ (join) to the Kingdom of England. 4. The southern part of Ireland ____________ (break) away from the UK. 5. The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some ____________ (area). 6. They use the same flag, ____________ (know) as the Union Jack. 7. They also have their own ____________ (tradition), like their own national days. 8. You will be surrounded by ____________ (evident) of four different groups of people. 9. The Vikings ____________ (leave) behind lots of new vocabulary. 10. They had castles ____________ (build) all around England. 11. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient ____________ (port) city. 12. If you keep your eyes open, you will be ____________ (surprise) to find that you can see both its past and its present. 【小练2】词汇或语法填空 1. The southern part of Ireland ____________ (break) away from the UK in the 20th century. 2. The four countries ____________ (belong) to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. 3. They use the same flag, ____________ (know) as the Union Jack. 4. The Vikings ____________ (leave) behind lots of new vocabulary. 5. They had castles ____________ (build) all around England. 6. The city has a history ____________ (date) back to Roman times. 7. The UK is a ____________ (fascinate) mix of history and modern culture. 8. If you keep your eyes open, you will be ____________ (surprise) to find its beauty. 【小练3】选词填空：break away from | belong to | refer to as | take over | date back to | keep your eyes open | The United Kingdom is often (1) __________ Britain or Great Britain. The southern part of Ireland (2) __________ the UK. The four countries that (3) __________ the UK work together in some areas. Different groups (4) __________ at different times in history. The history of the UK (5) __________ Roman times. If you travel there, (6) __________ to discover its fascinating culture. 【参考答案】 【小练1】课文语法填空 confused puzzle joined broke areas known traditions evidence left built port surprised 【小练2】词汇或语法填空 broke belonging known left built dating fascinating surprised 【小练3】选词填空 referred to as broke away from belong to took over dates back to keep your eyes open 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $