摘要:
本小学英语讲义聚焦“生病就医”主题,系统梳理“感觉生病(如have the flu, sore throat)、看医生(如What's the matter?)、医生建议(如take medicine, stay at home)”核心知识点,构建“症状表达-就医沟通-健康管理”的完整学习支架。
资料以真实就医情境为载体,通过对话操练提升语言理解与表达能力,设计“单词填空-句型转换-情景翻译”梯度练习培养思维品质,综合练习覆盖词汇、语法与应用,课中辅助教师情境教学,课后助力学生查漏补缺,强化知识内化。
内容正文:
Unit 5 Seeing a doctor
Lesson 1 I don't feel well
【课文要点】
第一部分:Feeling sick(感觉生病了)
1. I may have the ______.
我可能得了流感。
- ______ n. 流感(flu = influenza)。
2. I have a ______ throat.
我喉咙痛。
- ______ adj. 疼痛的(sore throat 喉咙痛)。
- have a sore throat 意为“喉咙痛”。
3. I ______ a cold.
我感冒了。
- ______ a cold 意为“感冒”(catch 在这里意为“染上”)。
4. I have a ______.
我发烧了。
- have a fever 意为“发烧”。
5. I ______ bad.
我感觉不舒服。
- feel bad 意为“感觉不舒服,难受”。
- feel + 形容词 表示“感觉……”。
e.g. I ______ happy. 我感觉开心。
第二部分:Seeing the doctor(看医生)
6. Doctor: What's the ______?
医生:怎么了?
- What's the matter? 意为“怎么了?/出什么事了?”(常用于询问身体不适)。
- 同义句:What's ______? / What's the ______ with you?
7. Taotao: I'm not ______ well. I have a sore throat.
陶陶:我感觉不舒服。我喉咙痛。
- not feeling well 意为“感觉不舒服”。
- well 在此作形容词,意为“健康的”。
8. Doctor: Let me ______ your temperature.
医生:让我量一下你的体温。
- take one's temperature 意为“量体温”。
e.g. The nurse ______ my temperature. 护士量了我的体温。
9. Doctor: Oh, you are ______ a fever. Do you ______?
医生:哦,你在发烧。你咳嗽吗?
- run a fever 意为“发烧”(= have a fever)。
- ______ v. 咳嗽(第三人称单数:______)。
e.g. She ______ a lot at night. 她晚上咳得很厉害。
10. Taotao: Yes. I ______ a lot at night. I can't sleep well.
陶陶:是的。我晚上咳得很厉害。我睡不好。
- a lot 意为“很多,非常”(修饰动词)。
- sleep well 意为“睡得好”。
11. Doctor: You ______ a cold. Take this ______ three times a day. Drink warm water.
医生:你感冒了。这个药每天吃三次。喝温水。
- catch a cold 感冒。
- ______ n. 药(不可数名词)。
- three times a day 意为“一天三次”(表示频率)。
e.g. I take the medicine ______ times a day. 我一天吃三次药。
12. Taotao: Can I go to school?
陶陶:我能去上学吗?
13. Doctor: No, you can't. You need to ______ at home for a few days.
医生:不,你不能。你需要在在家待几天。
- stay at home 意为“待在家里”。
- a few 意为“几个,一些”(修饰可数名词复数)。
e.g. I need to rest for ______ days. 我需要休息几天。
第三部分:Doctor's advice(医生的建议)
14. I have a bad ______.
我头痛得厉害。
- have a headache 意为“头痛”。
15. Dad ______ me to the doctor.
爸爸带我去看医生。
- take sb. to... 意为“带某人去……”。
e.g. My mother ______ me to school. 我妈妈带我去学校。
16. I have a ______ fever.
我发高烧。
- high fever 高烧(high 意为“高的”)。
17. I should take the medicine three times a day.
我应该每天吃三次药。
- should 意为“应该”(情态动词,后接动词原形)。
18. I should drink some warm water and hot ______.
我应该喝一些温水和热汤。
- soup n. 汤(不可数名词)。
19. I ______ have any cold drinks.
我不应该喝冷饮。
- shouldn't = should not 意为“不应该”。
- cold drinks 冷饮。
20. Dress ______, and don't get a cold.
穿暖和点,不要感冒。
- dress warm 意为“穿暖和”。
- get a cold 感冒(= catch a cold)。
21. Sleep ______.
睡好。
- sleep well 睡得好。
22. She has a ______ nose.
她流鼻涕。
- running nose 意为“流鼻涕”。
【重点词汇与短语汇总】
重点词汇
flu n. 流感
sore adj. 疼痛的
throat n. 喉咙
fever n. 发烧
cough v./n. 咳嗽
headache n. 头痛
medicine n. 药
soup n. 汤
temperature n. 温度
重点短语
have the flu 得了流感
have a sore throat 喉咙痛
catch a cold 感冒
have a fever 发烧
feel bad 感觉不舒服
take one's temperature 量体温
run a fever 发烧
take the medicine 吃药
three times a day 一天三次
stay at home 待在家里
a few days 几天
have a headache 头痛
have a high fever 发高烧
cold drinks 冷饮
dress warm 穿暖和
sleep well 睡得好
【核心句型讲解】
1. 询问身体状况
- What's the ______?(怎么了?)
- What's ______?(怎么了?)
- What's the ______ with you?(你怎么了?)
2. 表达身体不适
- I ______ not feeling well.(我感觉不舒服。)
- I ______ a sore throat.(我喉咙痛。)
- I ______ a cold.(我感冒了。)
- I ______ a fever.(我发烧了。)
3. 医生建议
- You ______ stay at home.(你需要待在家里。)
- You ______ take the medicine.(你应该吃药。)
- You ______ have cold drinks.(你不应该喝冷饮。)
4. should / shouldn't 的用法
- should 意为“应该”,后接动词原形。
- shouldn't = should not,意为“不应该”。
- 例句:I ______ drink warm water.(我应该喝温水。)
- 例句:I ______ have cold drinks.(我不应该喝冷饮。)
5. 频率表达
- three times a day(一天三次)
- once a day(一天一次)
- twice a day(一天两次)
【综合练习】
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. I may have the ______ (fluently).
2. I have a ______ (sorely) throat.
3. I ______ (catch) a cold.
4. I have a ______ (feverish).
5. I ______ (feel) bad.
6. Let me ______ (take) your temperature.
7. You are ______ (run) a fever.
8. Do you ______ (cough)?
9. I ______ (cough) a lot at night.
10. I can't ______ (sleep) well.
11. I have a bad ______ (head).
12. Dad ______ (take) me to the doctor.
13. I should ______ (drink) some warm water.
14. I shouldn't ______ (have) any cold drinks.
15. Sleep ______ (good).
二、根据汉语意思完成句子(每空一词)
1. 我可能得了流感。
I may have the ______.
2. 我喉咙痛。
I have a ______ ______.
3. 我感冒了。
I ______ a cold.
4. 我发烧了。
I have a ______.
5. 我感觉不舒服。
I ______ bad.
6. 怎么了?
What's the ______?
7. 我感觉不舒服。
I'm not ______ well.
8. 让我量一下你的体温。
Let me ______ your ______.
9. 你在发烧。
You are ______ a ______.
10. 你咳嗽吗?
Do you ______?
11. 我晚上咳得很厉害。
I ______ a lot at night.
12. 我睡不好。
I can't ______ well.
13. 这个药每天吃三次。
Take this medicine ______ ______ a day.
14. 你需要在家待几天。
You need to ______ at home for ______ ______ days.
15. 我头痛得厉害。
I have a bad ______.
16. 我发高烧。
I have a ______ fever.
17. 我应该喝一些温水。
I should ______ some warm ______.
18. 我不应该喝冷饮。
I ______ have any cold drinks.
19. 穿暖和点。
Dress ______.
20. 睡好。
Sleep ______.
三、单项选择
( ) 1. I may have the ______.
A. flew B. flu C. flow D. floor
( ) 2. I have a sore ______.
A. throat B. head C. nose D. ear
( ) 3. I ______ a cold.
A. catch B. catches C. catching D. to catch
( ) 4. I have a ______.
A. fever B. fevers C. fever's D. fevered
( ) 5. I ______ bad.
A. feels B. feel C. feeling D. to feel
( ) 6. What's the ______?
A. matter B. mind C. thing D. wrong
( ) 7. I'm not feeling ______.
A. good B. well C. nice D. fine
( ) 8. Let me ______ your temperature.
A. take B. takes C. taking D. to take
( ) 9. You are running a ______.
A. cold B. cough C. fever D. headache
( ) 10. Do you ______?
A. cough B. coughs C. coughing D. to cough
( ) 11. I cough a lot ______ night.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
( ) 12. Take this medicine three ______ a day.
A. time B. times C. timing D. timed
( ) 13. You need to stay at home for a ______ days.
A. little B. few C. much D. lot
( ) 14. I have a bad ______.
A. head B. headache C. head's D. heads
( ) 15. I should drink some warm ______.
A. waters B. water C. watery D. watering
( ) 16. I shouldn't have any ______ drinks.
A. cold B. hot C. warm D. cool
( ) 17. Dress ______.
A. warm B. warmly C. warmer D. more warm
( ) 18. Sleep ______.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
( ) 19. She has a ______ nose.
A. run B. runs C. running D. ran
( ) 20. Dad ______ me to the doctor.
A. take B. takes C. taking D. to take
四、按要求改写句子
1. I have a sore throat.(改为一般疑问句)
______ you ______ a sore throat?
2. Taotao has a fever.(改为否定句)
Taotao ______ ______ a fever.
3. I should take the medicine three times a day.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ should I take the medicine?
4. I have a bad headache.(对划线部分提问)
______ the ______ with you?
5. Take the medicine three times a day.(改为否定句)
______ ______ the medicine three times a day.
五、翻译下列句子(英译中)
1. I may have the flu.
2. I have a sore throat.
3. I catch a cold.
4. I have a fever.
5. I feel bad.
6. What's the matter?
7. I'm not feeling well.
8. Let me take your temperature.
9. You are running a fever.
10. Do you cough?
11. I cough a lot at night.
12. I can't sleep well.
13. Take this medicine three times a day.
14. You need to stay at home for a few days.
15. I have a bad headache.
16. I have a high fever.
17. I should drink some warm water.
18. I shouldn't have any cold drinks.
19. Dress warm, and don't get a cold.
20. Sleep well.
【参考答案】
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. flu
2. sore
3. catch
4. fever
5. feel
6. take
7. running
8. cough
9. cough
10. sleep
11. headache
12. takes
13. drink
14. have
15. well
二、根据汉语意思完成句子
1. flu
2. sore throat
3. catch
4. fever
5. feel
6. matter
7. feeling
8. take, temperature
9. running, fever
10. cough
11. cough
12. sleep
13. three times
14. stay, a few
15. headache
16. high
17. drink, water
18. shouldn't
19. warm
20. well
三、单项选择
1. B 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A
11. C 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. B
四、按要求改写句子
1. Do, have
2. does not have
3. How often
4. What's, matter
5. Don't take
五、翻译句子
1. 我可能得了流感。
2. 我喉咙痛。
3. 我感冒了。
4. 我发烧了。
5. 我感觉不舒服。
6. 怎么了?
7. 我感觉不舒服。
8. 让我量一下你的体温。
9. 你在发烧。
10. 你咳嗽吗?
11. 我晚上咳得很厉害。
12. 我睡不好。
13. 这个药每天吃三次。
14. 你需要在家待几天。
15. 我头痛得厉害。
16. 我发高烧。
17. 我应该喝一些温水。
18. 我不应该喝冷饮。
19. 穿暖和点,不要感冒。
20. 睡好。
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