Unit 5 Revealing Nature Starting out & Understanding ideas-分级课时练习 2026-2027学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过A级基础夯实与B级能力提升的分层设计，构建从词汇语法到语篇应用的知识巩固路径，融合高考真题与跨文化情境，适配新授课语言能力与思维品质培养需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A级|核心词汇（如seed, ancestor）、基础语法（时态、介词）、基础句型（强调句、倒装句）|融入2024高考真题改编题，单句写作提供多结构表达（如so/such倒装），强化语言准确性| |B级|语篇理解（自然/文化主题）、综合语法（定语从句、非谓语）、学术词汇（mitigate, bimodality）|选取浙江景点、植物根系研究等真实语篇，设推理判断题培养思维逻辑性，知识积累卡拓展词块与长难句分析|

Unit 5　Revealing Nature Starting out & Understanding ideas A级　必备知识基础 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的) plant removal,winter planting,and 　　　　　　(种子) collection.  2.Before making a large purchase,she asked for a 　　　　　　(样本) to ensure it met her quality standards.  3.The police 　　　　　　(怀疑) him of being involved in a series of burglaries in the neighbourhood.  4.The brightly coloured 　　　　　　(雀科小鸟) perched on the branch,singing a melodious tune that filled the garden with joy.  5.His dishonesty brought 　　　　　　(耻辱) upon his entire family,who had always been known for their integrity.  6.(2024浙江1月卷)We are tempted by sugary treats because our 　　　　　　(祖先) lived in a calorie-poor world...  7.The 　　　　　　(地质学家) analyzed the rock samples to determine their age and composition.  8.The bird’s sharp 　　　　　　(喙) was perfectly suited for cracking open the hard shells of nuts and seeds.  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.The bus was so 　　　　　(crowd) that I had to stand all the way to school.  2.We didn’t ask for all the challenges that we face,but we’re determined to answer 　　　　　call to meet them.  3.The unearthed relics are said to date back 　　　　　four thousand years ago.  4.Only after a family conversation did I find out she was actually my 　　　　　　　(distance) cousin.  5.We believe that he can make a quick 　　　　　　(adapt) to the new environment.  6.The authenticity of the painting is 　　　　　　question,and experts are conducting further tests to verify its origins.  7.If the learners of online learning can’t control themselves well,they will not benefit 　　　　　online learning.  8.In the course of 　　　　　(evolve),some birds have lost the power of flight.  Ⅲ.单句写作 1.我是无意中发现我以前找不到的笔记本的。(强调句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I found the notebook I hadn’t found.  2.天色渐晚,他们决定回家写作业了。(as) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,they decided to go home and do their homework.  3.他似乎缺乏学习的动力。(seem) ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 he lacks the motivation to study.  ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 lack the motivation to study.  4.直到她摘下墨镜,我才意识到她是著名的科学家。 ①I 　　　　　　　　　　　　she was a famous scientist 　　　　　　　　she took off her dark glasses.(陈述句)  ②　　　　　　　　　　　　 she took off her dark glasses 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　she was a famous scientist.(倒装句)  ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 she took off her dark glasses 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　she was a famous scientist.(强调句)  5.迈克是一个如此诚实的工人,以至于我们都信任他。 ①Mike is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　we all believe in him.(so)  ②Mike is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　we all believe in him.(such)  ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 we all believe in him.(so的倒装)  ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 we all believe in him.(such的倒装)  B级　能力素养提升 Ⅳ.阅读理解 A (2026湖南平高教育集团高二检测) Zhejiang Province has long been a popular tourist destination for its picturesque landscapes and rich cultural heritage,which offer a wide range of experiences to visitors.Its efficient transportation network and modern communication facilities make it very accessible,while the general friendliness of the local people adds to its charm.Although travel costs can vary,the value provided by its unique attractions ensures its enduring appeal. West Lake Located at the west of Hangzhou City,West Lake is one of the top ten scenic spots in China.West Lake was included on UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 2011.Surrounded by mountains on three sides,the lake occupies a ground area of several square kilometers. It is about 2.8 kilometers wide from east to west. The Grand Canal The Grand Canal,a vast waterway connecting the northern and southern parts of China,was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014.The Grand Canal goes back more than two thousand years.It links China’s two longest rivers and has a total length of 1,794 kilometers. Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City The archaeological ruins of Liangzhu,which were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019,are located in the Yangtze River Basin.They reveal an early regional state with a unified belief system.These ruins are an outstanding example of early urban civilization. Songcheng Scenic Area Songcheng is located in Zhejiang Tourist Resort.It is a theme park that features the culture of the Song Dynasty.Inside the park,visitors can enjoy song and dance performances,as well as traditional folk shows.The park has a variety of facilities to make visitors experience the life and culture of the dynasty. 1.What makes Zhejiang Province constantly popular with tourists? A.Its low travel costs. B.Its frank local residents. C.Its scenic beauty and cultural depth. D.Its convenient transportation and smooth communication. 2.What do the first three attractions have in common? A.They are located in the same city. B.They were constructed in the same century. C.They were recognized by UNESCO. D.They are designed for the agricultural purpose. 3.What is the primary purpose of the Songcheng Scenic Area? A.To serve as the city’s main public park. B.To show the culture of an ancient dynasty. C.To provide a waterway for transportation. D.To protect an important archaeological discovery. B (2026贵州贵阳高二检测) Our understanding of plant and tree roots may have been somewhat shallow.According to a new study published in the journal Nature Communications,some plants have a hidden second set of roots and they extend over 3 feet down and enable the plants to access deeper soil nutrients.The findings suggest plants might transport and store carbon deeper in the ground than expected,which could help scientists develop longer-term underground carbon storage to mitigate climate change impacts. To analyze these deeper rooting systems on a large scale,the researchers used a database of soil samples collected from more than 6 feet below the surface.They detected root patterns and soil composition from 44 sites.The findings showed around 20% of the sites around the world had roots that peaked in mass twice along their depth,meaning these plants had a second,deeper system of roots—a phenomenon the researchers call “bimodality.” “We were very surprised by how frequently we find bimodal patterns.For a long time scientists assumed plants had fewer and fewer roots as they went deeper into the ground.The second layer of roots typically reached soils rich in nutrients like nitrogen.Plants get most of their resources from surface soil.But a deeper way to tap into nutrients could boost the resources available to plants if they’re not sufficient at the surface,” the study lead author Mingzhen Lu,an ecologist at New York University,said. As only 1 in 5 plants had these roots,this could indicate an opportunistic response given particular conditions,like drier or more unreliable water in surface soil.“It is more of a choice.Given enough motivation,plants will explore deeper and make use of these deep resources,” Lu explained. Soil can hold more carbon than the atmosphere,so some measures about mitigating climate impacts focus on crops that take in carbon from the air and store it in roots and soil.The research team is now investigating what these findings mean for carbon storage.“The good news is plants may already be naturally mitigating climate change more actively than we’ve realised and we just need to dig deeper to fully understand their potential,” Lu said in a statement. 4.What does the underlined word “mitigate” in paragraph 1 most probably mean? A.Access. B.Ease. C.Enhance. D.Leave. 5.What do the findings indicate? A.Many plants face the nutrition shortage. B.Plants get most resources from deep soil. C.The findings prove scientists’ assumption. D.Plants from some sites have deeper roots. 6.What can be inferred from Lu’s words in paragraph 3? A.Lots of plants have deeper roots. B.Plants like making choices more. C.Certain stress triggers root growth. D.The water in surface soil is reliable. 7.What is one possible application of the new findings? A.Cultivating the crops to release carbon. B.Developing methods for carbon storage. C.Creating the plants to survive without water. D.Studying the atmosphere for the carbon holder. Ⅴ.语法填空 Extinctions,where entire species are wiped out,are not unusual in our Earth’s history.In fact,over 90 percent of all species that ever lived are now extinct.In the last 500 million years,there have been five times 1.　　　　　　 life on Earth has almost ended.These include the third mass extinction,2.　　　　　　 (know) as the “Great Dying” which killed 90% to 96% of all species.And the fifth event,which 3.　　　　　　 (occur) 66 million years ago,caused the death of the dinosaurs.The reasons for extinctions are 4.　　　　　　 (vary). According to scientists,they include volcanic eruptions,asteroids 5.　　　　　　 (hit) the Earth from space,changes in sea levels,the decrease of the oxygen content of the sea and global warming.Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth’s sixth mass extinction.This time,human activity will be to blame.  Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally,the rate 6.　　　　　　 which this is now happening is cause for concern.A 2015 study by scientists who were based at Brown University and Duke University in the US,looked at how quickly species die out due to natural causes,that is,the “background extinction rate” .They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1,000 times faster than normal.There is a long list of reasons why so many species are dying out:air and water pollution,forests being destroyed,factory farming and overfishing.7.　　　　　　 is clear that human activity has 8.　　　　　　 (negative) affected all other species on Earth,including animals and plants.  If a sixth mass extinction occurs,scientists who have studied the issue believe that up to three quarters of all species on Earth could die out.Of course,as we 9.　　　　　　 (human) depend on so many species for our survival,we would also be at risk of dying out.Our world and our lives depend on the balance in nature between animals and plants.Without forests,we would have no air to breathe,10.　　　　　　 without clean water we would be unable to survive. 知识积累卡 一、重点单词 1.charm n.　　　　　　　　  2.enduring adj.　　　　　　　　  3.surround v.　　　　　  4.feature v.　　　　　　　　  5.shallow adj.　　　　　　　　  6.extend v.　　　　　　　  二、熟词生义 1.peak本文义:v.　　　　　　　　　　　　  其他义:n.　　　　　  2.motivation本文义:n.　　　　　　　　  其他义:n.　　　　　  三、词块速记 1.a wide range of 　　　　　　　　  2.add to　　　　　  3.go back　　　　　  4.on a large scale　　　　　  5.take in　　　　　  6.at risk of dying out 　　　　　  四、经典句式背诵 1.Although travel costs can vary,the value provided by its unique attractions ensures its enduring appeal.(although引导让步状语从句) 句意:     2.Surrounded by mountains on three sides,the lake occupies a ground area of several square kilometers.(过去分词短语作状语) 句意:     五、长难句分析 The findings showed around 20% of the sites around the world had roots that peaked in mass twice along their depth,meaning these plants had a second,deeper system of roots—a phenomenon the researchers call “bimodality.” 分析:本句是主从复合句。“around 20%...roots”为　　　　　　从句,that引导　　　　　　从句,“these plants...of roots”为　　　　　　从句,a phenomenon作　　　　　　。  句意:       答案 Ⅰ.1.seed　2.sample　3.suspect　4.finch　5.disgrace　6.ancestors　7.geologist　8.beak Ⅱ.1.crowded　2.the　3.to　4.distant　5.adaptation　6.in　7.from　8.evolution Ⅲ.1.It was by accident that　2.As it was getting late 3.①It seems that　②He seems to　4.①didn’t realise;until　②Not until;did I realise　③It was not until;that I realised 5.①so honest a worker that　②such an honest worker that　③So honest a worker is Mike that　④Such an honest worker is Mike that Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了浙江省因优美风景、深厚文化等成为热门旅游地,重点推荐西湖、大运河、良渚古城遗址(均为联合国教科文组织世界遗产)及宋城景区,展现其多样旅游价值。 1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Zhejiang Province has long been a popular tourist destination for its picturesque landscapes and rich cultural heritage,which offer a wide range of experiences to visitors.”可知,其优美的风景和深厚的文化底蕴让浙江省一直深受游客喜爱。故选C项。 2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“West Lake was included on UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 2011.”、第三段中的“The Grand Canal,a vast waterway connecting the northern and southern parts of China,was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014.”以及第四段中的“The archaeological ruins of Liangzhu,which were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019,are located in the Yangtze River Basin.”可知,前三个景点均被联合国教科文组织认定为世界遗产。故选C项。 3.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It is a theme park that features the culture of the Song Dynasty.”可知,宋城景区的主要目的是展示一个古代王朝的文化。故选B项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了植物根系研究的新发现及其对碳封存和应对气候变化的潜在意义。 4.B　词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“The findings suggest plants might transport and store carbon deeper in the ground than expected,which could help scientists develop longer-term underground carbon storage”可知,开发更长期的地下碳封存技术是为了减缓气候变化的影响,画线词mitigate的意思是“减缓”,和ease意思相近。故选B项。 5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They detected root patterns and soil composition from 44 sites.The findings showed around 20% of the sites around the world had roots that peaked in mass twice along their depth,meaning these plants had a second,deeper system of roots—a phenomenon the researchers call ‘bimodality.’”可知,研究结果表明有些地方的植物有更深的根。故选D项。 6.C　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,从Lu的话中可以推断出某些压力会刺激根系生长。故选C项。 7.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Soil can hold more carbon than the atmosphere,so some measures about mitigating climate impacts focus on crops that take in carbon from the air and store it in roots and soil.The research team is now investigating what these findings mean for carbon storage.”可知,新发现的一个可能应用是开发碳储存方法。故选B项。 Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。本文简述了地球物种灭绝的历史与现状,指出人类活动正加速第六次物种大灭绝,并强调了生态平衡对人类生存的重要性。 1.when　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词是five times,在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 2.known　考查非谓语动词。句中include为谓语动词,设空处考查非谓语动词,逻辑主语the third mass extinction与know之间为被动关系,应用动词-ed形式known作后置定语。故填known。 3.occurred　考查动词时态。设空处为从句的谓语动词,根据时间状语66 million years ago可知,句子应用一般过去时。故填occurred。 4.varied/various　考查形容词。设空处应填形容词作表语,vary的形容词是varied,意为“各种各样的”,或various,意为“各种各样的”,在句中作表语。故填varied/various。 5.hitting　考查非谓语动词。设空处考查非谓语动词,asteroids与hit之间为逻辑上的主动关系,应用动词-ing形式hitting作后置定语。故填hitting。 6.at　考查介词。设空处考查介词,rate常与介词at连用,表示“以……速度”,此处构成“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的结构。故填at。 7.It　考查it作形式主语。分析句子成分可知,it作形式主语,真正的主语为that引导的从句;“it is clear that...”为固定句型,意为“很明显……”。该空置于句首,开头单词首字母应大写。故填It。 8.negatively　考查副词。设空处修饰动词affected,应用副词negatively,作状语。故填negatively。 9.humans　考查名词的数。设空处应填名词作主语,根据空后的depend可知,此处应用复数形式humans,表示“人类”。故填humans。 10.and　考查连词。设空处前后为并列关系,连接两个介词短语,应用连词and连接。故填and。 知识积累卡 一、1.魅力;吸引力　2.持久的;永恒的　3.环绕;包围　4.以……为特色　5.肤浅的;浅薄的　6.延伸;伸展 二、1.达到峰值;达到最高值　山峰;顶点　2.诱因　动机 三、1.各种各样的　2.增添;增加　3.追溯到　4.大规模地　5.吸收　6.冒着灭绝的危险 四、1.尽管旅行开销可能高低不一,但当地独具特色的景点所带来的体验价值,让这里的吸引力经久不衰。 2.这座湖泊三面环山,占地面积达数平方千米。 五、宾语　定语　宾语　同位语　研究结果显示,全球约 20% 的观测点中,植物根系的质量会随着土壤深度出现两次峰值,这意味着这些植物拥有一套更深层的次级根系 —— 研究人员将这种现象称为 “双峰性”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $