Unit1语法(形容词比较级和最高级)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦形容词比较级和最高级核心语法点，从原级、比较级、最高级的基本概念入手，系统梳理规则变化（五类）和不规则变化（高频考点），再到比较级五大句型（如“A+be+比较级+than+B”）和最高级三大句型（如“主语+be+the+最高级+范围”），结合易混易错点分析与单元配套例句，构建“概念-规则-句型-应用”的完整学习支架。 资料以实例驱动教学，通过“Simon is more humorous than Peter”等生活化例句直观理解语法规则，提升语言能力。易错点汇总（如“very taller”错误辨析）引导批判性分析，培养思维品质。多样化配套练习及答案解析，课中辅助教师精准教学，课后助力学生自主巩固，有效查漏补缺。

Unit1 Friendship语法讲解与练习 形容词的比较级和最高级讲义 一、基本概念 形容词有三级：原级、比较级、最高级 1.原级：形容词原形，描述人/事物本身特征 Simon is humorous. 西蒙很幽默。 2.比较级：两者之间对比，含义：更……，标志词：than Simon is more humorous than Peter. 西蒙比彼得更幽默。 3.最高级：三者及以上对比，含义：最……，前面一般加 the Simon is the most humorous boy in our class. 西蒙是班里最幽默的男生。 二、比较级、最高级变化规则 （一）规则变化（五大类，必考） 变化规则 例子（原级→比较级→最高级） 1.一般形容词,直接加-er /-est tall → taller → tallest great → greater → greatest 2.以不发音字母e结尾,加-r /-st nice → nicer → nicest close → closer → closest 3.辅音字母+ y 结尾： 变y为 i，再加- er/-est happy → happier → happiest funny → funnier → funniest silly → sillier → silliest 4.重读闭音节(辅+元+辅结尾):双写末尾辅音字母+er/-est big → bigger → biggest thin → thinner → thinnest slim → slimmer → slimmest hot → hotter → hottest 5.多音节词,大部分双音节形容词：前面加 more（比较级）/most（最高级)单词本身不变 beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful humorous → more humorous → most humorous patient → more patient → most patient interesting → more interesting → most interesting （二）不规则变化（必须背诵，单元高频考点） 原级 比较级 最高级 中文 good / well better best 好；好地 bad / ill worse worst 坏的；生病的 many / much more most 更多 little less least 更少 far farther（距离更远）further（程度更深） farthest / furthest 远 old older(年龄更大) elder(年长,只修饰人) oldest / eldest 老的 三、比较级核心句型与用法 句型1：A + be + 比较级 + than + B Amy is slimmer than Kitty. 埃米比基蒂苗条。 Max is taller than any other boy in his class. ✅拓展：any other + 单数名词（同一范围内比较） He is taller than any other student in the class. = He is the tallest student in the class. 句型2：比较级前修饰词（重点！不能用 very 修饰比较级） 可以修饰比较级：much, far, even, a little, a lot 1. much …… 得多（最常用） 含义：强调程度差距很大 He runs much faster than me.他跑得比我快得多。 This story is much more interesting.这个故事有趣得多。 2. far …… 得多（语气强于 much，书面常用） The new library is far bigger than the old one. 新图书馆比旧的大得多。 She speaks English far better than before. 她英语说得比以前好很多。 3. even 甚至；更加（暗含递进） It is even colder today. 今天甚至更冷。 The second problem is even more difficult. 第二道题更加难。 4. a little 稍微，一点儿（差距不大） I am a little taller than my sister. 我比妹妹高一点点。 Can you speak a little more slowly? 你能说得稍微慢一点吗？ 5. a lot …… 得多（口语居多，=much） He feels a lot happier now. 他现在开心多了。 This bike costs a lot more than that one. 这辆自行车比那辆贵很多。 句型 3：比较级+ and +比较级 → 越来越…… 单音节：taller and taller 越来越高 *The tree grows taller and taller. 这棵树长得越来越高。 *As time went by, it became colder and colder. 随着时间流逝，天气变得越来越冷。 *The little boy runs faster and faster. 小男孩跑得越来越快。 *The days are getting shorter and shorter in winter. 冬天白天变得越来越短。 多音节：more and more +形容词 more and more humorous 越来越幽默 *Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的校园变得越来越漂亮。 * He becomes more and more confident. 他变得越来越自信。 *Teenagers are more and more interested in online activities. 青少年对网络活动越来越感兴趣。 *This problem is getting more and more serious. 这个问题变得越来越严重。 *She is more and more careful with her homework. 她做作业越来越细心。 句型 4：The +比较级，the +比较级→ 越……，就越…… The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越细心，犯的错误越少。 句型 5：the + 比较级 + of the two 两者中更…… 的一个（一定要加 the） He is the taller of the two boys. 他是两个男孩里更高的那个。 四、最高级核心句型与用法 句型 1：主语+ be + the +最高级+范围（in /of …） ✅ in +地点/群体；of + 人/事物数量 Max is the tallest boy in our class. He is the most helpful of all my friends. 句型 2：one of the +最高级+名词复数 最…… 之一（极易错题） She is one of the most popular students in Grade 8. 句型 3：the +序数词 +最高级+名词 第几…… The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. ⚠️最高级注意点： 1.形容词最高级前面通常必须加 the； 2.当形容词前有物主代词 (my/his/her)，不加 the He is my best friend.（不加 the） 五、易混易错汇总（考试高频陷阱） 1.❌ very taller ✅ much taller （very 不能修饰比较级） 2.❌ more slim ✅ slimmer（slim 是短单词，双写 m，不用 more） 3.❌ funnyer ✅ funnier（辅 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i） 4.❌ one of the tallest boy ✅ one of the tallest boys（名词复数） 5.范围区分： in the team（地点群体） /of the three girls（数量） 六、单元配套例句 1.My best friend is more generous than me. 我最好的朋友比我大方。 2.Among all my friends, Daniel is the most hard-working. 在我所有朋友中，丹尼尔最勤奋。 3.The more friends you have, the happier you will feel. 朋友越多，你会越开心。 4.She becomes more and more confident. 她变得越来越自信。 【配套练习】 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Tom is ________ (slim) than his brother. 2.Kitty is the ________ (funny) girl in our group. 3.This story is ________ (interesting) than that one. 4.My mother is much ________ (patient) than my father. 5.Among all the students, Simon writes ________ (careful). 6.The weather today is ________ (hot) than yesterday. 7.Millie is one of the ________ (helpful) students in Class 1. 8.Which is ________ (good), the blue pen or the black one? 9.He feels even ________ (sad) after hearing the news. 10.This film is ________ (boring) than the one we watched last week. 11.Of the two boys, Daniel is the ________ (tall). 12.As we grow up, we become ________ and ________ (wise). 13.The ________ (much) exercise you take, the ________ (healthy) you will be. 14.Lily is ________ (humorous) than any other girl in her class. 15.Winter is the ________ (cold) season in a year. 16.Her voice sounds ________ (sweet) than mine. 17.Who runs ________ (fast) in your class? 18.This box is ________ (heavy) than that small one. 19.It is ________ (difficult) work I have ever done. 20.You look ________ (thin) than before. Did you lose weight? 21.He is my ________ (good) friend. We always share secrets. 22.The park is ________ (far) than the library from our school. 23.Maths is ________ (little) popular than English among some students. 24.I think swimming is ________ (exciting) than running. 25.What’s ________ (bad) thing that ever happened to you? 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. Max is ________ than any other boy in his class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest ( ) 2. This dress is one of ________ in the shop. A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful ( ) 3. —Which do you like ________, tea or coffee? —Coffee. A. well B. good C. better D. best ( ) 4. The ________ you practice, the ________ you will speak English. A. much; well B. more; better C. more; well D. much; better ( ) 5. Of the two sisters, Amy is ________ younger one. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( ) 6. Nothing is ________ than a true friend. A. valuable B. more valuable C. most valuable D. the most valuable ( ) 7. Tom looks ________ today. What’s wrong with him? A. sadder B. much sad C. very sadder D. more sad ( ) 8. He is ________ hard-working student in our grade. A. the second most B. second most C. two most D. the two most ( ) 9. Her brother becomes ________. He seldom plays games now. A. more and more careful B. carefuler and carefuler C. more careful and more careful D. careful and careful ( ) 10. Shanghai is bigger than ________ city in Jiangsu. A. any B. any other C. other D. the other ( ) 11. —Who is ________ boy in your class? —Jack. A. slim B. slimmer C. slimmest D. the slimmest ( ) 12. This story is ________ than that one, so I don’t like it. A. interesting B. less interesting C. more interesting D. most interesting ( ) 13. My uncle is three years ________ than my aunt. A. older B. elder C. old D. the oldest ( ) 14. We have ________ homework today than yesterday. A. few B. fewer C. little D. less ( ) 15. I think friendship is ________ treasure in our life. A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest 三、句型转换 1.Simon is tall. Mike is taller.（合并一句） Mike is ________ ________ Simon. 2.Kitty is the most humorous girl in our class.（改为同义句） Kitty is ________ humorous than ________ ________ girl in our class. 3.This book is interesting. That book is more interesting.（合并） That book is ________ ________ ________ this one. 4.Tom is thinner than the other boys in his class.（同义句） Tom is ________ ________ boy in his class. 5.Peter is 1.70m. John is 1.75m.（合并） John is ________ ________ Peter. 6.This skirt is cheaper than the others.（同义句） This skirt is ________ ________ of all. 7.The more you read, the more knowledge you will get.（同义转换） ________ you read, ________ knowledge you will get. 8.Millie is helpful. Sandy is more helpful.（合并） Sandy is ________ ________ Millie. 9.No other student runs faster than Daniel in our class.（同义句） Daniel runs ________ ________ in our class. 10.She is the tallest girl in her group.（改为比较级） She is taller than ________ ________ girl in her group. 四、汉译英 1.我的好朋友比我更有耐心。 ______________________________________________ 2.他是我们班最乐于助人的学生之一。 ______________________________________________ 3.两个男孩中，高个子的那个是马克斯。 ______________________________________________ 4.你练习越多，你的英语就越好。 ______________________________________________ 5.莉莉比班里其他任何女生都幽默。 ______________________________________________ 6.冬天是一年中最冷的季节。 ______________________________________________ 7.这本书比那本书有趣得多。 ______________________________________________ 8.她变得越来越自信。 ______________________________________________ 9.在所有朋友当中，丹尼尔学习最努力。 ______________________________________________ 10.健康比财富更重要。 ______________________________________________ Keys 一、词形填空 1.slimmer 2.funniest 3.more interesting 4.more patient 5.(the) most carefully 6.hotter 7.most helpful 8.better 9.sadder 10.more boring 11.taller 12.wiser; wiser 13.more; healthier 14.more humorous 15.coldest 16.sweeter 17.(the) fastest 18.heavier 19.the most difficult 20.thinner 21.best 22.farther/further 23.less 24.more exciting 25.the worst 二、单项选择 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.A 11.D 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.D 三、句型转换 1.taller than 2.more; any other 3.more interesting than 4.the thinnest 5.taller than 6.the cheapest 7.The more; the more 8.more helpful than 9.the fastest 10.any other 四、汉译英 1.My good friend is more patient than me. 2.He is one of the most helpful students in our class. 3.Of the two boys, the taller one is Max. 4.The more you practise, the better your English will be. 5.Lily is more humorous than any other girl in her class. 6.Winter is the coldest season of/in a year. 7.This book is much more interesting than that one. 8.She becomes more and more confident. 9.Among all my friends, Daniel works (the) hardest. 10.Health is more important than wealth. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $