Unit 6 Pollution（重难词汇精练）英语新教材沪教版五四学制九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“基础-语境-语篇”三级递进设计，系统强化Pollution主题词汇的形态变化与综合应用，提升语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|20道词性转换|聚焦动词-名词/形容词等词性派生|从词汇形态变化切入，构建核心词形网络| |词汇语境练|70题（形式/首字母/汉语提示填空+翻译）|多维度单句语境应用，强化词形与语义匹配|通过不同提示方式，实现词汇从认知到单句表达的过渡| |词汇语篇练|2篇（完形填空6题+短文填空8题）|语篇综合运用，考查词汇在语境中的准确选择|从单句到语篇，提升词汇在真实情境中的应用能力，培养思维品质|

Unit 6 Pollution词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、核心词汇词性转换词汇拓展 1.pollute (v. 污染) → ________________(n. 污染) 2.lose (v. 失去) → ________________(n. 流失，损失) 3.compare (v. 对比) → ________________(n. 比较) 4.solve (v. 解决) → ________________(n. 解决办法) 5.harm (v./n. 伤害) → ________________(adj. 有害的) 6.operate (v. 操作；运转) → ________________(n. 操作，运营) 7.peace (n. 和平，宁静) → ________________(adj. 和平的，安宁的) 8.protect (v. 保护) → ________________(n. 保护) 9.act (v. 行动) → ________________(n. 行动，举措) 10.affect (v. 影响) → ________________(n. 影响) 11.present (v. 展示) → ________________(n. 报告，展示) 12.noise (n. 噪音) → ________________(adj. 嘈杂的) 13.agree (v. 同意) → ________________(v. 不同意) 14.chemical (n. 化学品) → ________________(adj. 化学的) 15.real (adj. 真实的) → ________________(v. 意识到) 16.connect (v. 联系) → ________________(n. 联系，关联) 17.risk (n./v. 风险) → ________________(adj. 有风险的) 18.courage (n. 勇气) → ________________(v. 鼓励) 19.break (v. 破坏，打破) → ________________(n. 破损，间断) 20.suggest (v. 建议) → ________________(n. 建议) 一、根据括号里单词的正确形式填空 1.Air ________________is a serious environmental problem. (pollute) 2.The ________________of forests leads to many animal problems. (lose) 3.We make a ________________between clean and dirty rivers. (compare) 4.We need a useful ________________to cut plastic waste. (solve) 5.Chemical waste is ________________to all living things. (harm) 6.The ________________of solar machines saves much power. (operate) 7.Everyone wants to live in a ________________world. (peace) 8.The ________________of wild animals is our duty. (protect) 9.We should take ________________to stop pollution. (act) 10.Loud noise will ________________our sleep. (affect) 11.I will give a ________________about noise pollution. (present) 12.The ________________factory makes people uncomfortable. (noise) 13.I ________________with you about this environmental plan. (agree) 14.Some ________________materials pollute the underground water. (chemical) 15.We finally ________________the danger of plastic rubbish. (real) 16.There is a close ________________between noise and bad sleep. (connect) 17.It is ________________to swim in the dirty river. (risk) 18.Teachers ________________us to save water every day. (courage) 19.The ________________of plastic bags harms soil. (break) 20.Can you give me some ________________on waste sorting? (suggest) 二、根据句意的首字母提示完成合适的单词填空 1.Air p________________harms our bodies a lot. 2.The l________________of trees changes local weather. 3.Let’s make a c________________of two kinds of rivers. 4.We must find a good s________________to rubbish. 5.Waste oil is h________________to fish in rivers. 6.The o________________of green machines saves energy. 7.We love the p________________countryside without noise. 8.The p________________of wildlife needs everyone’s help. 9.We take a________________to stop chemical pollution. 10.Too much noise will a________________our daily life. 11.I prepared a p________________about environment class. 12.This n________________factory produces much waste gas. 13.I d________________with your idea of using plastic bags. 14.Some c________________products pollute farmland. 15.People r________________the harm of noise day by day. 16.There is a c________________between waste and illness. 17.It is r________________to throw rubbish into lakes. 18.Parents e________________us to protect nature. 19.The b________________of glass bottles pollutes soil. 20.Can you give me a s________________on reducing waste? 三、根据汉语提示填空 1.Noise ________________（污染）makes us tired easily. 2.The ________________（流失）of birds breaks the balance of nature. 3.Make a ________________（对比）of clean and polluted water. 4.This is a good ________________（解决办法）for plastic waste. 5.Heavy metal is ________________（有害的）to plants. 6.The ________________（运行）of new equipment saves water. 7.We all like ________________（宁静的）natural villages. 8.The ________________（保护）of oceans is very important. 9.We take ________________（行动）to cut down pollution. 10.Dirty air will ________________（影响）our health. 11.I finish a ________________（演示报告）about green life. 12.The ________________（嘈杂的）street disturbs neighbours. 13.I ________________（不同意）with your waste idea. 14.________________（化学的）rubbish cannot pour into rivers. 15.People ________________（意识到）the importance of low-carbon life. 16.There is a close ________________（关联）between waste and pollution. 17.It is ________________（有风险的）to pour waste everywhere. 18.Teachers ________________（鼓励）us to save every drop of water. 19.The ________________（破损）of plastic harms soil. 20.Please give me one ________________（建议）on environmental protection. 四、翻译 1.噪音污染会影响人们的睡眠与健康。(pollution, affect) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.我们应当采取行动，找到解决化工垃圾的办法。(action, chemical, solution) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.很多人逐渐意识到森林流失带来的风险。(realise, loss, risky) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.老师鼓励我们保护宁静的自然环境。(encourage, protect, peaceful) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.垃圾与疾病之间存在紧密关联。(connection) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.我不同意你提出的这条建议。(disagree, suggestion) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.废弃化学品对所有动植物都有害。(chemical, harmful) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.这份演示报告讲解了绿色设备的运行方式。(presentation, operation) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.不要随意打碎玻璃瓶，避免土壤污染。(break) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.对比两种生活方式，低碳生活更有价值。(comparison) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、完形填空 Plastic is used in daily items, from toothbrushes to furniture and toys. However, only about 9% of plastic is recycled. When plastic waste is 1 , it gives off waste gases. If it is thrown away, it often ends up in the ocean and can take hundreds of years to break down. What’s more, the transportation of plastic is sometimes 2 . In 2021, a ship carrying 1,680 tons of plastic sank near Sri Lanka. The leaked (泄露的) plastic polluted the beaches. Now, some countries are thinking about new rules to control how plastic is made and moved. Recently, scientists in Japan have invented a new type of plastic that fully decomposes (降解) on its own. Compared with traditional plastics, this new material can 3 break down in nature. Scientists have done several experiments and the results show it can disappear within a few hours in seawater and about 10 days in soil. The new plastic has other 4 as well. It can be used in many ways. When heated to 120°C, the new plastic can be shaped into different forms. It can be made into hard surfaces, soft rubber products, or strong materials for carrying heavy weight. It’s also non-toxic (无毒的) and does not catch fire, which makes it 5 for use in daily life and industry. “This great discovery can encourage us to keep developing more new materials.” said Takuzo Aida, one researcher. “The new family of plastics we’ve created is strong and seldom changes. 6 , it can lead to a cleaner and safer environment. This shows science helps solve real-life problems.” He believes it could even be used for 3D printing or medical machines in the near future. 1．A．broken B．collected C．burned D．reused 2．A．useless B．dangerous C．impossible D．surprising 3．A．carefully B．suddenly C．hardly D．easily 4．A．meanings B．problems C．advantages D．matters 5．A．safe B．flexible C．rare D．necessary 6．A．In brief B．In addition C．In this way D．In other words 二、Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once.（将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每个单词只能填一次） A．power  B．Similarly  C． difficult  D．resources  E. In fact Have you ever wondered how clean energy connects to education? In reality, energy is essential for modern schools. However, millions of schools worldwide, especially in low-income areas, suffer from “energy poverty.” They don’t have the electricity needed for lights, computers, or even proper water systems. This makes learning 1 . Sustainable (可持续的) energy is the key to solving this problem. By using natural 2 like the sun, schools can create better learning environments and help students build a green future. There are some positive changes in different countries now. In Eritrea, solar panels and batteries are used to 3 classrooms and computers in faraway village schools. This gives thousands of students the chance to learn digital skills. 4 , in Madagascar, “Eco-Villages” use solar energy to run schools and health centers. A．goals  B．providing  C． focus on  D．community  E. amazing In other regions like Iraq, green energy is transforming education by 5 electricity and safe water for students. Some schools even use special technology to get water from the air! These projects 6 helping young people learn “green skills,” such as maintaining solar equipment, which creates job opportunities in the renewable energy industry. To achieve the global 7 of quality education and clean energy for all, there is a need to continue these efforts. Organizations like UNICEF are working hard for every school. You can also help. Learn about clean energy, teach your 8 , or share information on social media. Together, we can help build a sustainable planet. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Pollution词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、核心词汇词性转换词汇拓展 1.pollute (v. 污染) → ________________(n. 污染) 2.lose (v. 失去) → ________________(n. 流失，损失) 3.compare (v. 对比) → ________________(n. 比较) 4.solve (v. 解决) → ________________(n. 解决办法) 5.harm (v./n. 伤害) → ________________(adj. 有害的) 6.operate (v. 操作；运转) → ________________(n. 操作，运营) 7.peace (n. 和平，宁静) → ________________(adj. 和平的，安宁的) 8.protect (v. 保护) → ________________(n. 保护) 9.act (v. 行动) → ________________(n. 行动，举措) 10.affect (v. 影响) → ________________(n. 影响) 11.present (v. 展示) → ________________(n. 报告，展示) 12.noise (n. 噪音) → ________________(adj. 嘈杂的) 13.agree (v. 同意) → ________________(v. 不同意) 14.chemical (n. 化学品) → ________________(adj. 化学的) 15.real (adj. 真实的) → ________________(v. 意识到) 16.connect (v. 联系) → ________________(n. 联系，关联) 17.risk (n./v. 风险) → ________________(adj. 有风险的) 18.courage (n. 勇气) → ________________(v. 鼓励) 19.break (v. 破坏，打破) → ________________(n. 破损，间断) 20.suggest (v. 建议) → ________________(n. 建议) 【答案】 1.pollution 2.loss 3.comparison 4.solution 5.harmful 6.operation 7.peaceful 8.protection 9.action 10.effect 11.presentation 12.noisy 13.disagree 14.chemical 15.realise 16.connection 17.risky 18.encourage 19.break 20.suggestion 【解析】 1.pollute 动词污染，pollution 名词污染 2.lose 动词丢失，loss 名词流失、损失 3.compare 动词对比，comparison 名词比较 4.solve 动词解决，solution 名词解决办法 5.harm 伤害，harmful 形容词，固定搭配 be harmful to 6.operate 操作，operation 名词操作、运行 7.peace 和平，peaceful 形容词宁静的、和平的 8.protect 保护，protection 名词保护措施 9.act 行动，action 名词行动、举措 10.affect 动词影响，effect 名词影响 11.present 展示，presentation 名词演示报告 12.noise 噪音，noisy 形容词吵闹的 13.agree 同意，disagree 动词不同意（否定前缀 dis-） 14.chemical 名词化学品 / 形容词化学的，同形 15.real 真实的，realise 动词意识到 16.connect 联系，connection 名词关联、联系 17.risk 风险，risky 形容词有风险的 18.encourage 动词鼓励，固定搭配 encourage sb. to do 19.break v./n. 打破、破损，同形 20.suggest 动词建议，suggestion 名词建议（可数） 一、根据括号里单词的正确形式填空 1.Air ________________is a serious environmental problem. (pollute) 答案：pollution 句意：空气污染是严重的环境问题。 解析：名词作句子主语。 2.The ________________of forests leads to many animal problems. (lose) 答案：loss 句意：森林流失引发许多动物生存难题。 解析：the 后接抽象名词。 3.We make a ________________between clean and dirty rivers. (compare) 答案：comparison 句意：我们对比干净与受污染的河流。 解析：make a comparison 固定短语。 4.We need a useful ________________to cut plastic waste. (solve) 答案：solution 句意：我们需要减少塑料垃圾的有效方案。 解析：a 后接单数名词。 5.Chemical waste is ________________to all living things. (harm) 答案：harmful 句意：化工废料对所有生物有害。 解析：be harmful to 固定搭配。 6.The ________________of solar machines saves much power. (operate) 答案：operation 句意：太阳能设备的运转节约大量能源。 解析：the 后接名词作主语。 7.Everyone wants to live in a ________________world. (peace) 答案：peaceful 句意：所有人都希望生活在和平的世界。 解析：形容词修饰名词 world。 8.The ________________of wild animals is our duty. (protect) 答案：protection 句意：保护野生动物是我们的责任。 解析：形容词性物主代词后接名词。 9.We should take ________________to stop pollution. (act) 答案：action 句意：我们应当采取行动制止污染。 解析：take action 固定搭配，采取行动。 10.Loud noise will ________________our sleep. (affect) 答案：affect 句意：巨大噪音会影响我们的睡眠。 解析：will 后接动词原形。 11.I will give a ________________about noise pollution. (present) 答案：presentation 句意：我将做一份关于噪音污染的演示报告。 解析：a 后接单数名词。 12.The ________________factory makes people uncomfortable. (noise) 答案：noisy 句意：这家嘈杂的工厂让人们十分不适。 解析：形容词修饰名词 factory。 13.I ________________with you about this environmental plan. (agree) 答案：disagree 句意：我不同意这份环保方案。 解析：disagree with sb. 不同意某人。 14.Some ________________materials pollute the underground water. (chemical) 答案：chemical 句意：一些化工原料污染地下水。 解析：形容词修饰名词 materials。 15.We finally ________________the danger of plastic rubbish. (real) 答案：realised 句意：我们最终意识到塑料垃圾的危害。 解析：本句为过去时态，realise 变过去式 realised。 16.There is a close ________________between noise and bad sleep. (connect) 答案：connection 句意：噪音和糟糕睡眠之间存在紧密关联。 解析：a 后接名词。 17.It is ________________to swim in the dirty river. (risk) 答案：risky 句意：在脏河里游泳很危险。 解析：be 动词后接形容词作表语。 18.Teachers ________________us to save water every day. (courage) 答案：encourage 句意：老师鼓励我们每天节约用水。 解析：主语复数，谓语动词原形。 19.The ________________of plastic bags harms soil. (break) 答案：break 句意：塑料袋的破损会污染土壤。 解析：the 后接名词。 20.Can you give me some ________________on waste sorting? (suggest) 答案：suggestions 句意：你能给我一些垃圾分类的建议吗？ 解析：some 后接可数名词复数。 二、根据句意的首字母提示完成合适的单词填空 1.Air p________________harms our bodies a lot. 答案：pollution 句意：空气污染极大伤害我们的身体。 解析：名词作主语，环境类核心词。 2.The l________________of trees changes local weather. 答案：loss 句意：树木流失改变当地气候。 解析：the 后接抽象名词。 3.Let’s make a c________________of two kinds of rivers. 答案：comparison 句意：我们来对比两种河流。 解析：make a comparison 固定搭配。 4.We must find a good s________________to rubbish. 答案：solution 句意：我们必须找到处理垃圾的好办法。 解析：a 后接单数名词。 5.Waste oil is h________________to fish in rivers. 答案：harmful 句意：废油对河里的鱼类有害。 解析：be harmful to 固定短语。 6.The o________________of green machines saves energy. 答案：operation 句意：环保设备的运行节约能源。 解析：the 后接名词。 7.We love the p________________countryside without noise. 答案：peaceful 句意：我们喜爱没有噪音的宁静乡村。 解析：形容词修饰 countryside。 8.The p________________of wildlife needs everyone’s help. 答案：protection 句意：野生动物的保护需要所有人出力。 解析：the 后接名词。 9.We take a________________to stop chemical pollution. 答案：action 句意：我们采取行动制止化工污染。 解析：take action 固定搭配。 10.Too much noise will a________________our daily life. 答案：affect 句意：过多噪音会影响我们的日常生活。 解析：will 后接动词原形。 11.I prepared a p________________about environment class. 答案：presentation 句意：我为环保课准备了一份演示报告。 解析：a 后接名词。 12.This n________________factory produces much waste gas. 答案：noisy 句意：这家嘈杂工厂产生大量废气。 解析：形容词修饰 factory。 13.I d________________with your idea of using plastic bags. 答案：disagree 句意：我不认同你使用塑料袋的想法。 解析：disagree with sb./sth. 14.Some c________________products pollute farmland. 答案：chemical 句意：一些化工产品污染农田。 解析：形容词修饰 products。 15.People r________________the harm of noise day by day. 答案：realise 句意：人们渐渐意识到噪音的危害。 解析：主语复数，动词原形。 16.There is a c________________between waste and illness. 答案：connection 句意：垃圾和疾病之间存在关联。 解析：a 后接名词。 17.It is r________________to throw rubbish into lakes. 答案：risky 句意：往湖里扔垃圾存在隐患。 解析：be 后接形容词作表语。 18.Parents e________________us to protect nature. 答案：encourage 句意：父母鼓励我们保护自然。 解析：encourage sb. to do 固定用法。 19.The b________________of glass bottles pollutes soil. 答案：break 句意：玻璃瓶破损会污染土壤。 解析：the 后接名词。 20.Can you give me a s________________on reducing waste? 答案：suggestion 句意：你能给我一条减少垃圾的建议吗？ 解析：a 后接单数名词。 三、根据汉语提示填空 1.Noise ________________（污染）makes us tired easily. 答案：pollution 句意：噪音污染很容易让人疲惫。 解析：名词作句子主语。 2.The ________________（流失）of birds breaks the balance of nature. 答案：loss 句意：鸟类流失打破自然平衡。 解析：the 后接抽象名词。 3.Make a ________________（对比）of clean and polluted water. 答案：comparison 句意：对比干净与受污染的水源。 解析：make a comparison 固定搭配。 4.This is a good ________________（解决办法）for plastic waste. 答案：solution 句意：这是处理塑料垃圾的好方案。 解析：a 后接单数名词。 5.Heavy metal is ________________（有害的）to plants. 答案：harmful 句意：重金属对植物有害。 解析：be harmful to 固定短语。 6.The ________________（运行）of new equipment saves water. 答案：operation 句意：新设备的运行节约水资源。 解析：the 后接名词。 7.We all like ________________（宁静的）natural villages. 答案：peaceful 句意：我们都喜欢宁静的自然村落。 解析：形容词修饰 villages。 8.The ________________（保护）of oceans is very important. 答案：protection 句意：海洋保护十分重要。 解析：the 后接名词作主语。 9.We take ________________（行动）to cut down pollution. 答案：action 句意：我们采取行动减少污染。 解析：take action 固定搭配。 10.Dirty air will ________________（影响）our health. 答案：affect 句意：污浊空气会影响我们的健康。 解析：will 后接动词原形。 11.I finish a ________________（演示报告）about green life. 答案：presentation 句意：我完成了一份绿色生活的展示报告。 解析：a 后接名词。 12.The ________________（嘈杂的）street disturbs neighbours. 答案：noisy 句意：嘈杂街道打扰周边居民。 解析：形容词修饰 street。 13.I ________________（不同意）with your waste idea. 答案：disagree 句意：我不认同你对待垃圾的看法。 解析：disagree with sb. 14.________________（化学的）rubbish cannot pour into rivers. 答案：Chemical 句意：化工垃圾不能排入河流。 解析：形容词修饰 rubbish，句首大写。 15.People ________________（意识到）the importance of low-carbon life. 答案：realise 句意：人们意识到低碳生活的重要性。 解析：主语复数，动词原形。 16.There is a close ________________（关联）between waste and pollution. 答案：connection 句意：垃圾和污染之间联系紧密。 解析：a 后接名词。 17.It is ________________（有风险的）to pour waste everywhere. 答案：risky 句意：随地倾倒垃圾存在隐患。 解析：be 动词后接形容词。 18.Teachers ________________（鼓励）us to save every drop of water. 答案：encourage 句意：老师鼓励我们节约每一滴水。 解析：encourage sb. to do。 19.The ________________（破损）of plastic harms soil. 答案：break 句意：塑料破损会污染土壤。 解析：the 后接名词。 20.Please give me one ________________（建议）on environmental protection. 答案：suggestion 句意：请给我一条环保方面的建议。 解析：one 后接单数名词。 四、翻译 1.噪音污染会影响人们的睡眠与健康。(pollution, affect) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Noise pollution will affect people’s sleep and health. 2.我们应当采取行动，找到解决化工垃圾的办法。(action, chemical, solution) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We should take action to find a solution to chemical waste. 3.很多人逐渐意识到森林流失带来的风险。(realise, loss, risky) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Many people gradually realise the risky problems brought by the loss of forests. 4.老师鼓励我们保护宁静的自然环境。(encourage, protect, peaceful) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Teachers encourage us to protect the peaceful natural environment. 5.垃圾与疾病之间存在紧密关联。(connection) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There is a close connection between rubbish and illness. 6.我不同意你提出的这条建议。(disagree, suggestion) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I disagree with this suggestion you put forward. 7.废弃化学品对所有动植物都有害。(chemical, harmful) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Waste chemicals are harmful to all plants and animals. 8.这份演示报告讲解了绿色设备的运行方式。(presentation, operation) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This presentation explains the operation of green equipment. 9.不要随意打碎玻璃瓶，避免土壤污染。(break) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Do not break glass bottles randomly to avoid soil pollution. 10.对比两种生活方式，低碳生活更有价值。(comparison) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Make a comparison of two lifestyles, and the low-carbon life is more valuable. 一、完形填空 Plastic is used in daily items, from toothbrushes to furniture and toys. However, only about 9% of plastic is recycled. When plastic waste is 1 , it gives off waste gases. If it is thrown away, it often ends up in the ocean and can take hundreds of years to break down. What’s more, the transportation of plastic is sometimes 2 . In 2021, a ship carrying 1,680 tons of plastic sank near Sri Lanka. The leaked (泄露的) plastic polluted the beaches. Now, some countries are thinking about new rules to control how plastic is made and moved. Recently, scientists in Japan have invented a new type of plastic that fully decomposes (降解) on its own. Compared with traditional plastics, this new material can 3 break down in nature. Scientists have done several experiments and the results show it can disappear within a few hours in seawater and about 10 days in soil. The new plastic has other 4 as well. It can be used in many ways. When heated to 120°C, the new plastic can be shaped into different forms. It can be made into hard surfaces, soft rubber products, or strong materials for carrying heavy weight. It’s also non-toxic (无毒的) and does not catch fire, which makes it 5 for use in daily life and industry. “This great discovery can encourage us to keep developing more new materials.” said Takuzo Aida, one researcher. “The new family of plastics we’ve created is strong and seldom changes. 6 , it can lead to a cleaner and safer environment. This shows science helps solve real-life problems.” He believes it could even be used for 3D printing or medical machines in the near future. 1．A．broken B．collected C．burned D．reused 2．A．useless B．dangerous C．impossible D．surprising 3．A．carefully B．suddenly C．hardly D．easily 4．A．meanings B．problems C．advantages D．matters 5．A．safe B．flexible C．rare D．necessary 6．A．In brief B．In addition C．In this way D．In other words 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了塑料污染的现状、运输风险以及日本科学家研发的新型可降解塑料的优势和潜在应用。 【详解】1．句意：当塑料废品被燃烧时，会释放废气。 broken 打碎；collected 收集；burned 燃烧；reused 重复使用。根据“gives off waste gases（释放废气）”可知，燃烧塑料会产生有害气体。故选C。 2．句意：此外，塑料运输有时是危险的。 useless 无用的；dangerous 危险的；impossible 不可能的；surprising 令人惊讶的。根据后文“ In 2021, a ship carrying 1,680 tons of plastic sank near Sri Lanka. The leaked (泄露的) plastic polluted the beaches”可知，运输存在风险。故选B。 3．句意：与传统塑料相比，新材料能容易在自然界中降解。 carefully 小心地；suddenly 突然地；hardly 几乎不；easily 容易地。根据“Scientists have done several experiments and the results show it can disappear within a few hours in seawater and about 10 days in soil.”可知，降解速度快，也就是容易。故选D。 4．句意：新型塑料还有其他优点。 meanings 含义；problems 问题；advantages 优势；matters 事项。根据“ It can be used in many ways. When heated to 120°C, the new plastic can be shaped into different forms. It can be made into hard surfaces, soft rubber products, or strong materials for carrying heavy weight. It’s also non-toxic (无毒的) and does not catch fire,”可知，后文列举了可塑性强、无毒、防火等优点。故选C。 5．句意：它无毒且不易燃，这使其在日常生活和工业中安全使用。 safe 安全的；flexible 灵活的；rare 稀有的；necessary 必要的。根据“non-toxic and does not catch fire（无毒防火）”可知，安全性高。故选A。 6．句意：通过这种方式，它可以带来一个更清洁、更安全的环境。 In brief 简言之；In addition 此外；In this way 通过这种方式；In other words 换句话说。前文提到新材料特性，后文“it can lead to a cleaner and safer environment.”是结果，应用in this way“通过这种方式”引出结果。故选C。 二、Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once.（将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每个单词只能填一次） A．power  B．Similarly  C． difficult  D．resources  E. In fact Have you ever wondered how clean energy connects to education? In reality, energy is essential for modern schools. However, millions of schools worldwide, especially in low-income areas, suffer from “energy poverty.” They don’t have the electricity needed for lights, computers, or even proper water systems. This makes learning 1 . Sustainable (可持续的) energy is the key to solving this problem. By using natural 2 like the sun, schools can create better learning environments and help students build a green future. There are some positive changes in different countries now. In Eritrea, solar panels and batteries are used to 3 classrooms and computers in faraway village schools. This gives thousands of students the chance to learn digital skills. 4 , in Madagascar, “Eco-Villages” use solar energy to run schools and health centers. A．goals  B．providing  C． focus on  D．community  E. amazing In other regions like Iraq, green energy is transforming education by 5 electricity and safe water for students. Some schools even use special technology to get water from the air! These projects 6 helping young people learn “green skills,” such as maintaining solar equipment, which creates job opportunities in the renewable energy industry. To achieve the global 7 of quality education and clean energy for all, there is a need to continue these efforts. Organizations like UNICEF are working hard for every school. You can also help. Learn about clean energy, teach your 8 , or share information on social media. Together, we can help build a sustainable planet. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了清洁能源与教育之间的联系，指出可持续能源是解决许多学校面临“能源贫困”问题的关键，介绍了不同国家在利用可持续能源改善教育环境方面所取得的积极变化，并呼吁大家一起努力，为建设一个可持续的星球贡献力量。 【详解】1．这使得学习变得困难。此处需要一个形容词，在句中表示“学习”的状态。因为前文提到许多学校缺乏电力，无法正常使用灯光、电脑甚至合适的水系统，所以学习环境受到严重影响，变得困难，所以选择C。 2．通过利用像太阳这样的自然资源，学校可以创造更好的学习环境，并帮助学生构建绿色未来。此处需要一个名词，在句中表示“利用”的对象。因为后文提到了“the sun（太阳）”，这是自然资源的一种，所以这里应该是指利用自然资源，所以选择D。 3．在厄立特里亚，太阳能电池板和电池被用来为偏远乡村学校的教室和电脑供电。此处需要一个动词，在句中表示“太阳能电池板和电池”的作用。因为后文提到了“classrooms and computers（教室和电脑）”，这些都需要电力来运行，所以这里应该是指为教室和电脑供电，所以选择A。 4．同样，在马达加斯加，“生态村”利用太阳能为学校和健康中心供电。此处需要一个副词，在句中表示前后情况的相似性。因为前文提到了厄立特里亚利用太阳能的情况，这里又提到了马达加斯加也利用太阳能，所以这里应该是指同样的情况，所以选择B。 5．在伊拉克等其他地区，绿色能源通过为学生提供电力和安全用水来改变教育。此处需要一个动词-ing形式，在句中表示“绿色能源”的作用方式。因为后文提到了“electricity and safe water for students（为学生提供电力和安全用水）”，这是绿色能源带来的改变，且by后接动词-ing形式表示方式，所以选择B。 6．这些项目专注于帮助年轻人学习“绿色技能”，如维护太阳能设备，这在可再生能源行业创造了就业机会。此处需要一个动词短语，在句中表示“这些项目”的主要目标或重点。因为后文提到了“helping young people learn ‘green skills’（帮助年轻人学习‘绿色技能’）”，这是这些项目的主要目标，所以选择C。 7．为了实现全球人人享有优质教育和清洁能源的目标，需要继续这些努力。此处需要一个名词，在句中表示“实现”的对象。因为后文提到了“quality education and clean energy for all（人人享有优质教育和清洁能源）”，这是全球的目标，所以选择A。 8．你也可以提供帮助。了解清洁能源，教育你的社区，或者在社交媒体上分享信息。此处需要一个名词，在句中表示“教育”的对象。因为前文提到了“You can also help（你也可以提供帮助）”，这里是在给出具体的帮助方式，包括教育他人，而社区是一个更广泛的教育对象，符合语境，所以选择D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $