摘要:
**基本信息**
以“构成-用法-对比-应用”为逻辑主线,系统构建一般将来时被动语态方法体系,通过多题型训练提升语言应用能力与语法思维品质。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|语法精讲|6大板块|核心公式(will+be+过去分词)、3大用法(预测/承诺/计划)、时态对比法、4大使用场合|从构成规则到用法场景,结合时间状语标志词,通过与现/过去时被动对比构建语法网络|
|习题训练|5类题型(选择/填空/转换/改错/对比)|被动判断三步骤(找主语→辨动作→定时态)、否定/疑问式结构口诀、主动改被动四步法|以题载法,覆盖肯定/否定/疑问式及易错点,强化从规则到语境应用的思维迁移|
内容正文:
九上沪教五四Unit 6语法专练
Unit 6: Future Simple Passive(一般将来时的被动语态)
一、语法精讲
(一)一般将来时被动语态的构成
一般将来时被动语态表示将来某个时间将要发生的被动动作。其构成是"will + be + 过去分词"。
核心公式:will + be + 过去分词
肯定式:will + be + 过去分词
例句一,The problem will be solved. 问题将会被解决。
例句二,A new school will be built next year. 一所新学校明年将被建造。
否定式:will not/won't + be + 过去分词
例句一,Broken items won't be thrown away. 损坏的物品不会被扔掉。
例句二,The meeting will not be held tomorrow. 明天的会议不会被举行。
疑问式:Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词
例句一,Will air pollution be reduced? 空气污染会被减少吗?肯定回答 Yes, it will. 否定回答 No, it won't.
例句二,Will these books be sent to the library? 这些书会被送到图书馆吗?
(二)一般将来时被动语态的用法
用法一:预测未来将要发生的被动动作
当说话者根据现有情况推测未来某件事将会发生时,用一般将来时被动语态。
例句一,Air pollution will not be reduced if we don't take action. 如果我们不采取行动,空气污染将不会被减少。
例句二,The new product will be launched next month. 新产品下个月将会被发布。
用法二:承诺或保证未来会完成某个被动动作
当说话者承诺或保证将来某件事会被完成时,用一般将来时被动语态。
例句一,Your proposal will be considered carefully. 你的提议将会被认真考虑。
例句二,The package will be delivered by Friday. 包裹将会在周五前被送达。
用法三:计划或安排中未来的被动动作
当某件事已被计划或安排在未来进行时,用一般将来时被动语态。
例句一,A new bridge will be built across the river. 河上将建一座新桥。
例句二,The exhibition will be held in the city museum. 展览将会在城市博物馆举办。
(三)一般将来时被动语态的常见时间状语
与一般将来时被动语态连用的常见时间状语包括:tomorrow、next week、next month、next year、in the future、in 2030、soon、later 等。
例句一,The machine will be repaired tomorrow. 这台机器明天会被修理。
例句二,More trees will be planted next spring. 明年春天将会种植更多的树。
(四)被动语态的三个时态对比总结
一般现在时被动(am/is/are + done)
用法:表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作,或客观事实。
例句,The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天都被打扫。
一般过去时被动(was/were + done)
用法:表示过去某一具体时间发生的被动动作。
例句,The classroom was cleaned yesterday. 教室昨天被打扫了。
一般将来时被动(will + be + done)
用法:表示将来某个时间将要发生的被动动作。
例句,The classroom will be cleaned tomorrow. 教室明天会被打扫。
(五)使用被动语态的场合总结
场合一:不知道动作执行者是谁。
例句,My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。
场合二:动作执行者不重要或很明显。
例句,The street is cleaned every day. 街道每天都被打扫。(很明显是环卫工人)
场合三:想强调动作的承受者而非执行者。
例句,The prize was given to the best student. 奖品被颁给了最好的学生。
场合四:为了句子衔接更顺畅。
例句,The building was designed by a famous architect. It was built in 2000. 这座建筑由一位著名建筑师设计。它建于2000年。(两句话主语一致,用被动更顺畅)
(六)特殊情况提醒
特殊情况一:将来时的其他表达方式也有被动语态。
除了 will be done,还可以用 is going to be done、is to be done 等形式。
例句,The problem is going to be solved. 问题将会被解决。
特殊情况二:被动语态的否定式注意位置。
否定词 not 放在 will 后面、be 前面。例如,The work will not be finished on time.
特殊情况三:被动语态的疑问式把 will 提到主语前。
例如,Will the work be finished on time?
二、习题
一、选择填空
1. The problem ______ if we work together.
A. will be solved B. is solved C. was solved D. will solve
1. A new bridge ______ across this river next year.
A. builds B. will build C. will be built D. is built
1. The old buildings ______ down next month.
A. will be pulled B. are pulled C. were pulled D. will pull
1. ______ the environment ______ in the future?
A. Will...protect B. Will...be protected C. Is...protected D. Was...protected
1. These plastic bottles ______ away. They can be reused.
A. won't be thrown B. aren't thrown C. weren't thrown D. won't throw
1. The decision ______ at tomorrow's meeting.
A. will be made B. is made C. was made D. will make
1. I believe that air pollution ______ by new technology in 10 years.
A. reduces B. will be reduced C. is reduced D. was reduced
1. The invitations ______ to the guests next Monday.
A. send B. were sent C. are sent D. will be sent
1. More trees ______ in the city to make it greener.
A. will be planted B. are planted C. were planted D. will plant
1. When ______ the new library ______ to the public?
A. will...be opened B. is...opened C. was...opened D. will...open
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空(注意被动语态)
1. The sports meeting __________ (hold) next Friday.
2. These new books __________ (give) to the students tomorrow.
3. The rubbish __________ (not collect) if nobody reminds them.
4. __________ the problem __________ (solve) by the end of this week?
5. A new hospital __________ (build) in our community soon.
6. The machines __________ (repair) by the engineers next week.
7. The song __________ (not sing) at the concert tomorrow.
8. When __________ the work __________ (finish)?
9. The old houses __________ (pull) down next month.
10. I hope my suggestion __________ (consider) carefully.
三、将下列主动语态改为被动语态
1. We will solve this problem next week.
---
2. The workers will build a new hospital in this area.
---
3. They won't hold the meeting tomorrow.
---
4. Will the government take action to stop pollution?
---
5. The company will send the products to many countries.
---
6. People will not forget this important event.
---
四、单句改错
1. The plan will be discuss at the meeting tomorrow.
---
2. These flowers will water by the gardener tomorrow.
---
3. The problem will be solved if everyone try their best.
---
4. Will the project be finished in time? Yes, it will be.
---
5. The decision will be made by the manager next week.
---
五、时态对比练习(选择正确的时态)
1. The classroom ______ every day. (cleans/is cleaned/was cleaned/will be cleaned)
2. The classroom ______ yesterday. (is cleaned/was cleaned/will be cleaned/cleaned)
3. The classroom ______ tomorrow. (is cleaned/was cleaned/will be cleaned/cleaned)
4. The bridge ______ in 1990. (is built/was built/will be built/builds)
5. A new bridge ______ next year. (is built/was built/will be built/builds)
三、答案解析
选择填空解析
第1题 答案:A
解析:The problem 是"被解决"的,应用被动语态。if 条件状语从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,用 will be solved。D 是主动将来,不符合。
第2题 答案:C
解析:A new bridge 是"被建造"的,应用被动语态。时间状语 next year 是将来,用 will be built。A 是主动现在,B 是主动将来,D 是现在被动。
第3题 答案:A
解析:The old buildings 是"被拆除"的,应用被动语态。时间状语 next month 是将来,用 will be pulled down。B 是现在被动,C 是过去被动,D 是主动将来。
第4题 答案:B
解析:the environment 是"被保护"的,应用被动语态疑问式。时间状语 in the future 是将来,用 Will...be protected。A 是主动,C 是现在被动,D 是过去被动。
第5题 答案:A
解析:These plastic bottles 是"被扔掉"的,应用被动语态否定式。后句 can be reused 表示现在的情况,但前句强调"将不会被扔掉",用 won't be thrown。B 是现在被动,C 是过去被动,D 是主动将来。
第6题 答案:A
解析:The decision 是"被做出"的,应用被动语态。时间状语 at tomorrow's meeting 是将来,用 will be made。B 是现在被动,C 是过去被动,D 是主动将来。
第7题 答案:B
解析:air pollution 是"被减少"的,应用被动语态。时间状语 in 10 years 是将来,用 will be reduced。A 是主动,C 是现在被动,D 是过去被动。
第8题 答案:D
解析:The invitations 是"被发送"的,应用被动语态。时间状语 next Monday 是将来,用 will be sent。A 是主动,B 是过去被动,C 是现在被动。
第9题 答案:A
解析:More trees 是"被种植"的,应用被动语态。to make it greener 表示未来的目的,用 will be planted。B 是现在被动,C 是过去被动,D 是主动将来。
第10题 答案:A
解析:the new library 是"被开放"的,应用被动语态疑问式。询问将来的时间,用 will...be opened。B 是现在被动,C 是过去被动,D 是主动将来。
填空解析
第1题 答案:will be held
解析:The sports meeting 被举办,时间 next Friday 将来,用 will be held。
第2题 答案:will be given
解析:These new books 被给,时间 tomorrow 将来,复数,用 will be given。
第3题 答案:will not/won't be collected
解析:The rubbish 被收集,if 条件句的被动结构,主句用将来时否定,用 won't be collected。
第4题 答案:Will...be solved
解析:the problem 被解决,时间 by the end of this week 将来,疑问式,用 Will...be solved。
第5题 答案:will be built
解析:A new hospital 被建造,时间 soon 将来,用 will be built。
第6题 答案:will be repaired
解析:The machines 被修理,时间 next week 将来,复数,用 will be repaired。
第7题 答案:won't be sung
解析:The song 被唱,时间 tomorrow 将来,否定,用 won't be sung。
第8题 答案:will...be finished
解析:the work 被完成,询问将来的时间,疑问式,用 will...be finished。
第9题 答案:will be pulled
解析:The old houses 被拆除,时间 next month 将来,复数,用 will be pulled。
第10题 答案:will be considered
解析:my suggestion 被考虑,hope 引导的宾语从句中,用将来被动 will be considered。
改主动为被动解析
第1题 答案:This problem will be solved next week.
解析:宾语 This problem 变为主语,主动谓语 will solve 变为 will be solved,主语 We 省略。
第2题 答案:A new hospital will be built in this area.
解析:宾语 A new hospital 变为主语,主动谓语 will build 变为 will be built,主语 The workers 省略。
第3题 答案:The meeting won't be held tomorrow.
解析:宾语 The meeting 变为主语,主动否定式 won't hold 变为 won't be held,主语 They 省略。
第4题 答案:Will action be taken to stop pollution?
解析:宾语 action 变为主语,主动疑问句 Will the government take 变为 Will...be taken,主语 the government 省略。
第5题 答案:The products will be sent to many countries.
解析:宾语 The products 变为主语(复数),主动谓语 will send 变为 will be sent,主语 The company 省略。
第6题 答案:This important event won't be forgotten.
解析:宾语 This important event 变为主语,主动否定式 will not forget 变为 will not be forgotten,主语 People 省略。
改错解析
第1题 答案:discuss → discussed
解析:被动语态中 be 动词后面必须接过去分词,discuss 的过去分词是 discussed。
第2题 答案:will water → will be watered
解析:These flowers 是被浇水,应用被动语态 will be watered。
第3题 答案:try → tries
解析:everyone 是单数,动词应用 tries。虽然句子是 if 条件句,但主句已正确,从句主语 everyone 要用单数动词。
第4题 答案:it will be → it will(或 it will be 不完整)
解析:简略回答时,Yes, it will. 即可,不用重复 be。如果想完整回答 Yes, it will be finished. 也可以。
第5题 答案:该句无错误。
解析:The decision 是被做出的,用 will be made,by the manager 说明了执行者,next week 是将来时间,完全正确。
时态对比练习解析
第1题 答案:is cleaned
解析:every day 表示经常性动作,用一般现在时被动。
第2题 答案:was cleaned
解析:yesterday 是过去时间,用一般过去时被动。
第3题 答案:will be cleaned
解析:tomorrow 是将来时间,用一般将来时被动。
第4题 答案:was built
解析:in 1990 是具体过去时间,用一般过去时被动。
第5题 答案:will be built
解析:next year 是将来时间,用一般将来时被动。
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