Unit 4 Folk customs（重难词汇精练）英语新教材沪教版五四学制九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“民俗文化”主题词汇为核心，构建“基础-语境-语篇”三阶训练体系，系统提升词汇转换与语境应用能力，融合语言能力与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|20组词性转换|动词-名词/形容词等词性变形训练|从词汇形态变化切入，建立词形与词义关联| |词汇语境练|4类填空+10句翻译|单句层面语境填词（括号提示/首字母/汉语）及汉译英|通过单句语境巩固词汇运用，强化“词-句”逻辑衔接| |词汇语篇练|1篇完形+1篇选词填空|语篇层面词汇综合运用，结合民俗文化情境|实现“词-句-篇”递进，培养语篇中词汇理解与表达能力|

Unit 4 Folk customs词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、核心词汇词性转换词汇拓展 1.suit (v. ) → _______________ (adj. 合适的，适宜的) 2.exhibit (v. ) → _______________ (n. 展览，展会) 3.exist (v. ) → _______________ (n. 存在，生存) 4.identity (n. ) → _______________ (adj. 相同的；同一的) 5.unite (v. ) → _______________ (n. 团结，统一) 6.value (n. ) → _______________ (adj. 有价值的) 7.achieve (v. ) → _______________ (n. 成就，功绩) 8.harmony (n. ) → _______________ (adj. 和谐的，融洽的) 9.conclude (v. ) → _______________ (n. 结论，推论) 10.compete (v. ) → _______________ (n. 比赛，竞赛) 11.experience (n. ) → _______________ (adj. 有经验的) 12.tradition (n. ) → _______________ (adj. 传统的) 13.celebrate (v. ) → _______________ (n. 庆祝，庆典活动) 14.Europe (n.) → _______________ (adj. 欧洲的，欧洲人的) 15.reason (n. / v. ) → _______________ (adj. 合理的，公道的) 16.explain (v. ) → _______________ (n. 解释，说明) 17.relate (v. ) → _______________ (adj. 相关的，有关联的) 18.die (v. ) → _______________ (adj. 濒临消亡的，垂死的) 19.society (n. ) → _______________ (adj. 社会的) 20.decide (v. ) → _______________ (n. 决定，抉择) 一、根据括号里单词的正确形式填空 1.This activity is ________ for teenagers to learn traditional culture. (suit) 2.We visited a folk art ________ last weekend. (exhibit) 3.The ________ of old customs makes our culture rich. (exist) 4.People from ________ groups can share the same cultural value. (identity) 5.Cultural ________ makes our country stronger. (unite) 6.Traditional culture is ________ to every Chinese person. (value) 7.Protecting cultural heritage is a great cultural ________. (achieve) 8.We live in a ________ and friendly community. (harmony) 9.We can draw a clear ________ from the study. (conclude) 10.Many students take part in the cultural ________. (compete) 11.The old artist is ________ in making traditional handcrafts. (experience) 12.We should keep our ________ customs alive. (tradition) 13.The ________ of festivals shows people’s love for life. (celebrate) 14.Many ________ artists come to study Chinese culture. (Europe) 15.There is no ________ reason to give up cultural inheritance. (reason) 16.He gave a simple ________ of the local custom. (explain) 17.This festival is closely ________ to ancient harvest culture. (relate) 18.Some old skills are ________ out in modern times. (die) 19.Folk culture plays an important ________ role. (society) 20.We made a wise ________ to protect traditional culture. (decide) 二、根据句意的首字母提示完成合适的单词填空 1.This kind of art style is s________ for public show. 2.The art e________ shows many traditional handcrafts. 3.The e________ of ancient culture enriches our life. 4.The two cultures have i________ features in many ways. 5.Cultural u________ brings people closer. 6.Traditional culture is v________ for all humans. 7.We can a________ great progress in cultural protection. 8.A h________ society needs traditional culture. 9.We can c________ that traditions are our treasure. 10.I joined a national cultural c________ last year. 11.He is an e________ teacher of folk art. 12.We should protect our t________ culture wisely. 13.People c________ festivals to remember old stories. 14.Some E________ customs are quite special. 15.There are many r________ for protecting heritage. 16.Let me e________ the history of this tradition. 17.The custom r________ to local people’s life. 18.Many old crafts are d________ out slowly. 19.Cultural development improves s________ stability. 20.It is a good d________ to pass down folk culture. 三、根据汉语提示填空 1.This book is ________（合适的）for middle school students. 2.We will hold a cultural ________（展览）next month. 3.The ________（存在）of traditions makes culture diverse. 4.They share ________（相同的）cultural features. 5.Cultural ________（团结）is very important. 6.These old objects are very ________（有价值的）. 7.We will ________（实现）better cultural protection. 8.We need to build a ________（和谐的）environment. 9.We can ________（总结）the rules of cultural development. 10.I take part in a cultural ________（竞赛）every year. 11.She is an ________（有经验的）folk artist. 12.We must protect our ________（传统的）customs. 13.People ________（庆祝）festivals in different ways. 14.Many ________（欧洲的）traditions are popular now. 15.Give me one ________（合理的）reason for giving up. 16.Can you ________（解释）this old custom? 17.This tradition is ________（相关的）to ancient history. 18.Some old cultures are ________（消逝的）nowadays. 19.It improves our ________（社会的）development. 20.This is our final ________（决定）. 四、翻译 1.这场民俗展览非常适合学生参观学习。(exhibition, suitable) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.文化的存在与团结促进社会和谐发展。(existence, unity, harmonious) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.保护传统文化是一项珍贵的文化成就。(traditional, achievement) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.我们可以总结出传统节日与人们生活息息相关。(conclude, relate) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.人们用庆典的方式纪念古老的文化习俗。(celebration, custom) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.没有合理的理由任由传统文化慢慢消逝。(reasonable, dying) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.这位经验丰富的艺术家将参加欧洲文化竞赛。(experienced, European, competition) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.我无法解释放弃文化传承的决定。(explain, decision) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.文化价值推动整个社会的进步。(value, social) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.坚持传承传统，我们终将实现文化繁荣。(tradition, achieve) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、完形填空 Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home? Probably so,because you are aware that people judge you by your table manners.You take special pains when you are eating 1 .Have you ever stopped to realize how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions if 2 table manners had become a habit for you? You can make them a habit by 3 good table manners at home． Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel comfortable.This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant.Good manners make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.By this time you probably know quite well what good table manners are.You 4 that keeping your arms on the table,talking with your 5 full,and wolfing down your food are not considered good manners.You know also that if you are mannerly,you say “Please” and “Thank you” and ask for things to be passed to you. Have you ever thought of a pleasant attitude as being essential to good table manners?Not only are pleasant mealtimes enjoyable,but they aid digestion.The dinner table is a 6 　for enjoyable conversation.It should never become a battleground.You are definitely growing in social maturity（成熟）when you try to be an agreeable table companion. 1．A．in public B．at home C．at ease D．in a hurry 2．A．such B．no C．some D．good 3．A．acting B．enjoying C．practicing D．watching 4．A．mention B．prefer C．doubt D．realize 5．A．stomach B．hands C．mouth D．bowl 6．A．time B．place C．chance D．way 二、Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once.（将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每个单词只能填一次） A．greet  B．local  C． warmly  D．seriously  E. shakes Akuapem is in the eastern part of Ghana(加纳). The sun there shines all the time. The 1 people are very friendly and hospitable(好客的). Now let’s have a look at how Akuapem people receive a visitor. A visitor is often welcomed warmly in a family of Akuapem. After the visitor is welcomed 2 into the house, he is offered a seat and water at the very beginning because the host assumes that the visitor must have come from a very long journey and need water. If there is a group of visitors, the host will 3 the visitors from right to left. And the host 4 only with his right hand because Akuapem people think the left hand is not clean. A．given  B．safely  C． why  D．eating  E. when Next, the visitor is asked how his journey was and 5 he has come. While the conversation is going on, the wife and the children, especially girls, are preparing food for the visitor. The visitor can choose his favorite food. After the visitor finishes 6 the host and the visitor go on with their conversation. Usually this is short one because the visitor is getting ready to say goodbye. When the visitor is leaving, he is often 7 some food. He is also accompanied(陪伴) by one of the children to the nearest station. The child who accompanies the visitor will not come back home until the visitor leaves 8 . Whether he is a close friend or just a stranger, this is always how friendly Akuapem people receive a visitor. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Folk customs词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、核心词汇词性转换词汇拓展 1.suit (v. ) → _______________ (adj. 合适的，适宜的) 2.exhibit (v. ) → _______________ (n. 展览，展会) 3.exist (v. ) → _______________ (n. 存在，生存) 4.identity (n. ) → _______________ (adj. 相同的；同一的) 5.unite (v. ) → _______________ (n. 团结，统一) 6.value (n. ) → _______________ (adj. 有价值的) 7.achieve (v. ) → _______________ (n. 成就，功绩) 8.harmony (n. ) → _______________ (adj. 和谐的，融洽的) 9.conclude (v. ) → _______________ (n. 结论，推论) 10.compete (v. ) → _______________ (n. 比赛，竞赛) 11.experience (n. ) → _______________ (adj. 有经验的) 12.tradition (n. ) → _______________ (adj. 传统的) 13.celebrate (v. ) → _______________ (n. 庆祝，庆典活动) 14.Europe (n.) → _______________ (adj. 欧洲的，欧洲人的) 15.reason (n. / v. ) → _______________ (adj. 合理的，公道的) 16.explain (v. ) → _______________ (n. 解释，说明) 17.relate (v. ) → _______________ (adj. 相关的，有关联的) 18.die (v. ) → _______________ (adj. 濒临消亡的，垂死的) 19.society (n. ) → _______________ (adj. 社会的) 20.decide (v. ) → _______________ (n. 决定，抉择) 【答案】 1.suitable 2.exhibition 3.existence 4.identical 5.unity 6.valuable 7.achievement 8.harmonious 9.conclusion 10.competition 11.experienced 12.traditional 13.celebration 14.European 15.reasonable 16.explanation 17.related 18.dying 19.social 20.decision 【解析】 1.suit (v. 适合) → suitable (adj. 合适的)，高频搭配 be suitable for 2.exhibit (v. 展出) → exhibition (n. 展览)，文化类核心名词 3.exist (v. 存在) → existence (n. 存在)，抽象不可数名词 4.identity (n. 认同/身份) → identical (adj. 一致的，相同的) 5.unite (v. 团结) → unity (n. 团结、统一) 6.value (n. 价值) → valuable (adj. 珍贵的、有价值的) 7.achieve (v. 取得) → achievement (n. 成就、成果) 8.harmony (n. 和谐) → harmonious (adj. 和谐融洽的) 9.conclude (v. 总结) → conclusion (n. 结论)，固定 draw a conclusion 10.compete (v. 竞争) → competition (n. 比赛、竞赛) 11.experience (n. 经验) → experienced (adj. 有经验的) 12.tradition (n. 传统) → traditional (adj. 传统的) 13.celebrate (v. 庆祝) → celebration (n. 庆典、庆祝) 14.Europe (n. 欧洲) → European (adj. 欧洲的) 15.reason (n. 理由) → reasonable (adj. 合理的) 16.explain (v. 解释) → explanation (n. 解释、说明) 17.relate (v. 关联) → related (adj. 相关的)，be related to 固定搭配 18.die (v. 消亡) → dying (adj. 濒临消失的)，dying out 逐渐消亡 19.society (n. 社会) → social (adj. 社会的) 20.decide (v. 决定) → decision (n. 决定)，make a decision 一、根据括号里单词的正确形式填空 1.This activity is ________ for teenagers to learn traditional culture. (suit) 答案：suitable 句意：这项活动适合青少年学习传统文化。 解析：be suitable for 固定搭配，适合……。 2.We visited a folk art ________ last weekend. (exhibit) 答案：exhibition 句意：我们上周末参观了一场民间艺术展览。 解析：a后接单数名词exhibition。 3.The ________ of old customs makes our culture rich. (exist) 答案：existence 句意：古老习俗的存在让我们的文化更加丰富。 解析：the后接名词作主语。 4.People from ________ groups can share the same cultural value. (identity) 答案：identical 句意：相同群体的人们可以共享相同的文化价值观。 解析：形容词修饰名词groups。 5.Cultural ________ makes our country stronger. (unite) 答案：unity 句意：文化团结让我们的国家更加强大。 解析：形容词cultural后接名词。 6.Traditional culture is ________ to every Chinese person. (value) 答案：valuable 句意：传统文化对每个中国人来说都弥足珍贵。 解析：be动词后接形容词作表语。 7.Protecting cultural heritage is a great cultural ________. (achieve) 答案：achievement 句意：保护文化遗产是一项伟大的文化成就。 解析：a great后接单数名词。 8.We live in a ________ and friendly community. (harmony) 答案：harmonious 句意：我们生活在和谐友好的社区中。 解析：形容词修饰名词community。 9.We can draw a clear ________ from the study. (conclude) 答案：conclusion 句意：我们可以从这项研究中得出清晰的结论。 解析：draw a conclusion 固定搭配。 10.Many students take part in the cultural ________. (compete) 答案：competition 句意：许多学生参加这场文化竞赛。 解析：the后接名词。 11.The old artist is ________ in making traditional handcrafts. (experience) 答案：experienced 句意：这位老艺术家在制作传统手工艺品方面经验丰富。 解析：be experienced in 擅长、在……有经验。 12.We should keep our ________ customs alive. (tradition) 答案：traditional 句意：我们应当传承传统民俗，使其生生不息。 解析：形容词修饰名词customs。 13.The ________ of festivals shows people’s love for life. (celebrate) 答案：celebration 句意：节日的庆祝彰显人们对生活的热爱。 解析：the后接名词作主语。 14.Many ________ artists come to study Chinese culture. (Europe) 答案：European 句意：许多欧洲艺术家前来学习中国文化。 解析：形容词修饰名词artists。 15.There is no ________ reason to give up cultural inheritance. (reason) 答案：reasonable 句意：没有合理的理由放弃文化传承。 解析：形容词修饰名词reason。 16.He gave a simple ________ of the local custom. (explain) 答案：explanation 句意：他简单讲解了这项当地民俗。 解析：a simple后接名词。 17.This festival is closely ________ to ancient harvest culture. (relate) 答案：related 句意：这个节日与古老的丰收文化密切相关。 解析：be related to 固定搭配。 18.Some old skills are ________ out in modern times. (die) 答案：dying 句意：一些古老技艺在现代社会逐渐消逝。 解析：be dying out 固定短语，逐渐消亡。 19.Folk culture plays an important ________ role. (society) 答案：social 句意：民俗文化有着重要的社会意义。 解析：形容词修饰名词role。 20.We made a wise ________ to protect traditional culture. (decide) 答案：decision 句意：我们做出了保护传统文化的明智决定。 解析：make a decision 固定搭配。 二、根据句意的首字母提示完成合适的单词填空 1.This kind of art style is s________ for public show. 答案：suitable 句意：这种艺术风格适合公开展示。 解析：固定搭配be suitable for（适合……），此处填形容词作表语。 2.The art e________ shows many traditional handcrafts. 答案：exhibition 句意：这场艺术展览展出了许多传统手工艺品。 解析：art exhibition为固定名词短语，谓语动词shows为单数，主语用单数名词。 3.The e________ of ancient culture enriches our life. 答案：existence 句意：古文化的存在丰富了我们的生活。 解析：the后接名词构成主语，existence表示“存在”，为抽象名词。 4.The two cultures have i________ features in many ways. 答案：identical 句意：这两种文化在诸多方面有着相同特征。 解析：形容词修饰名词features，identical表示“相同的、一致的”。 5.Cultural u________ brings people closer. 答案：unity 句意：文化团结拉近人与人的距离。 解析：形容词cultural后接名词，unity为抽象名词，表“团结、统一”。 6.Traditional culture is v________ for all humans. 答案：valuable 句意：传统文化对全人类都极具价值。 解析：be动词后接形容词作表语，valuable表示“有价值的”。 7.We can a________ great progress in cultural protection. 答案：achieve 句意：我们能在文化保护方面取得巨大进步。 解析：情态动词can后接动词原形，achieve progress为固定搭配。 8.A h________ society needs traditional culture. 答案：harmonious 句意：和谐的社会离不开传统文化。 解析：形容词修饰名词society，harmonious表示“和谐的”。 9.We can c________ that traditions are our treasure. 答案：conclude 句意：我们可以总结出，传统是我们的财富。 解析：情态动词can后接动词原形，conclude that从句为常用句式。 10.I joined a national cultural c________ last year. 答案：competition 句意：我去年参加了一场全国文化竞赛。 解析：形容词cultural后接名词，a后接单数可数名词。 11.He is an e________ teacher of folk art. 答案：experienced 句意：他是一名经验丰富的民俗艺术老师。 解析：形容词修饰名词teacher，experienced表示“有经验的”。 12.We should protect our t________ culture wisely. 答案：traditional 句意：我们应当明智地保护传统文化。 解析：形容词修饰名词culture，traditional为核心考点形容词。 13.People c________ festivals to remember old stories. 答案：celebrate 句意：人们庆祝节日以铭记古老故事。 解析：主语people为复数，谓语动词用原形。 14.Some E________ customs are quite special. 答案：European 句意：一些欧洲民俗十分特别。 解析：形容词修饰名词customs，European表示“欧洲的”。 15.There are many r________ for protecting heritage. 答案：reasons 句意：保护文化遗产有诸多理由。 解析：many后接可数名词复数形式。 16.Let me e________ the history of this tradition. 答案：explain 句意：让我来讲解这项传统的历史渊源。 解析：let sb. do sth. 固定句式，后接动词原形。 17.The custom r________ to local people’s life. 答案：relates 句意：这项习俗与当地人的生活息息相关。 解析：固定搭配relate to，主语为单数，谓语用三单形式。 18.Many old crafts are d________ out slowly. 答案：dying 句意：许多古老手艺正在慢慢消逝。 解析：固定短语die out（逐渐消亡），现在进行时用dying。 19.Cultural development improves s________ stability. 答案：social 句意：文化发展提升社会稳定性。 解析：形容词修饰名词stability，social表示“社会的”。 20.It is a good d________ to pass down folk culture. 答案：decision 句意：传承民俗文化是一个很好的决定。 解析：a后接单数名词，make a decision/It is a good decision为固定用法。 三、根据汉语提示填空 1.This book is ________（合适的）for middle school students. 答案：suitable 句意：这本书适合中学生阅读。 解析：be suitable for 固定搭配，意为“适合……”，形容词作表语。 2.We will hold a cultural ________（展览）next month. 答案：exhibition 句意：我们下个月将举办一场文化展览。 解析：a后接单数可数名词，cultural exhibition 文化展览。 3.The ________（存在）of traditions makes culture diverse. 答案：existence 句意：传统的存在让文化变得丰富多彩、多种多样。 解析：the+名词+of 结构作句子主语，需填名词形式。 4.They share ________（相同的）cultural features. 答案：identical 句意：它们拥有相同的文化特征。 解析：形容词修饰名词features，作前置定语。 5.Cultural ________（团结）is very important. 答案：unity 句意：文化团结是十分重要的。 解析：cultural为形容词，后接名词作句子主语。 6.These old objects are very ________（有价值的）. 答案：valuable 句意：这些古老的物件非常有价值。 解析：be动词后接形容词作表语，valuable为value的形容词变形。 7.We will ________（实现）better cultural protection. 答案：achieve 句意：我们将实现更好的文化保护。 解析：will后接动词原形，achieve表示“实现、取得”。 8.We need to build a ________（和谐的）environment. 答案：harmonious 句意：我们需要营造一个和谐的环境。 解析：形容词修饰名词environment，作前置定语。 9.We can ________（总结）the rules of cultural development. 答案：conclude 句意：我们可以总结出文化发展的规律。 解析：情态动词can后接动词原形。 10.I take part in a cultural ________（竞赛）every year. 答案：competition 句意：我每年都会参加一场文化竞赛。 解析：a后接单数名词，cultural competition 文化竞赛。 11.She is an ________（有经验的）folk artist. 答案：experienced 句意：她是一名经验丰富的民间艺术家。 解析：形容词修饰名词artist，experienced表示“有经验的”。 12.We must protect our ________（传统的）customs. 答案：traditional 句意：我们必须保护我们的传统习俗。 解析：形容词修饰名词customs。 13.People ________（庆祝）festivals in different ways. 答案：celebrate 句意：人们以不同的方式庆祝节日。 解析：主语为复数，谓语动词用一般现在时原形。 14.Many ________（欧洲的）traditions are popular now. 答案：European 句意：如今许多欧洲的传统广为流传。 解析：形容词修饰名词traditions，表地域属性。 15.Give me one ________（合理的）reason for giving up. 答案：reasonable 句意：给我一个放弃的合理理由。 解析：形容词修饰名词reason，作前置定语。 16.Can you ________（解释）this old custom? 答案：explain 句意：你能解释一下这项古老的习俗吗？ 解析：情态动词can后接动词原形。 17.This tradition is ________（相关的）to ancient history. 答案：related 句意：这项传统与古代历史息息相关。 解析：固定搭配be related to，意为“与……相关”。 18.Some old cultures are ________（消逝的）nowadays. 答案：dying 句意：如今一些古老的文化正在慢慢消逝。 解析：be dying out 固定短语，表“逐渐消亡、消逝”。 19.It improves our ________（社会的）development. 答案：social 句意：它促进我们的社会发展。 解析：形容词修饰名词development，作前置定语。 20.This is our final ________（决定）. 答案：decision 句意：这是我们的最终决定。 解析：final为形容词，后接名词，make a decision为固定搭配。 四、翻译 1.这场民俗展览非常适合学生参观学习。(exhibition, suitable) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This folk art exhibition is very suitable for students to visit and study. 2.文化的存在与团结促进社会和谐发展。(existence, unity, harmonious) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The existence and unity of culture promote harmonious social development. 3.保护传统文化是一项珍贵的文化成就。(traditional, achievement) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Protecting traditional culture is a precious cultural achievement. 4.我们可以总结出传统节日与人们生活息息相关。(conclude, relate) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We can conclude that traditional festivals are closely related to people’s lives. 5.人们用庆典的方式纪念古老的文化习俗。(celebration, custom) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】People remember ancient cultural customs by means of celebration. 6.没有合理的理由任由传统文化慢慢消逝。(reasonable, dying) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There is no reasonable reason to let traditional culture keep dying out. 7.这位经验丰富的艺术家将参加欧洲文化竞赛。(experienced, European, competition) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This experienced artist will take part in the European cultural competition. 8.我无法解释放弃文化传承的决定。(explain, decision) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I cannot explain the decision of giving up cultural inheritance. 9.文化价值推动整个社会的进步。(value, social) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Cultural values promote the progress of the whole society. 10.坚持传承传统，我们终将实现文化繁荣。(tradition, achieve) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】By keeping inheriting traditions, we will finally achieve cultural prosperity. 一、完形填空 Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home? Probably so,because you are aware that people judge you by your table manners.You take special pains when you are eating 1 .Have you ever stopped to realize how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions if 2 table manners had become a habit for you? You can make them a habit by 3 good table manners at home． Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel comfortable.This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant.Good manners make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.By this time you probably know quite well what good table manners are.You 4 that keeping your arms on the table,talking with your 5 full,and wolfing down your food are not considered good manners.You know also that if you are mannerly,you say “Please” and “Thank you” and ask for things to be passed to you. Have you ever thought of a pleasant attitude as being essential to good table manners?Not only are pleasant mealtimes enjoyable,but they aid digestion.The dinner table is a 6 　for enjoyable conversation.It should never become a battleground.You are definitely growing in social maturity（成熟）when you try to be an agreeable table companion. 1．A．in public B．at home C．at ease D．in a hurry 2．A．such B．no C．some D．good 3．A．acting B．enjoying C．practicing D．watching 4．A．mention B．prefer C．doubt D．realize 5．A．stomach B．hands C．mouth D．bowl 6．A．time B．place C．chance D．way 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．B 【分析】本文主要介绍了一些餐桌礼仪。 【详解】1．句意：当你在公众场合吃饭时，你会感到不自在。 in public在公众场合；at home在家；at ease自由自在；in a hurry匆忙的。根据“You take special pains when you are eating”可知，在大庭广众下吃饭的时候会感到不自在，故选A。 2．句意：你是否曾经停下来意识到，如果良好的餐桌礼仪成为你的一种习惯，那么在这种场合你就不会那么难为情了？ such如此；no不；some一些；good好的。根据“how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions”可知，如果你有一些好的餐桌礼仪，那么你在大庭广众之下吃饭就不会感到不自在了，故选D。 3．句意：你可以在家里养成良好的餐桌礼仪。 acting表演；enjoying喜欢；practicing练习；watching观看。根据“by…good table manners at home”可知，通过在家反复练习来养成一个好习惯，故选C。 4．句意：你意识到把胳膊放在桌子上，嘴里塞满东西说话，狼吞虎咽地吃东西是不礼貌的。 mention提到；perfer更喜欢；doubt怀疑；realize意识到。这个时候你就会意识到什么是不好的餐桌礼仪，故选D。 5．句意：你意识到把胳膊放在桌子上，嘴里塞满东西说话，狼吞虎咽地吃东西是不礼貌的。 stomach胃；hands手；mouth嘴巴；bowl碗。根据“talking with your …full”可知，嘴里塞满了东西说话不是一种好的餐桌礼仪，故选C。 6．句意：餐桌是愉快交谈的地方。 time时间；place地方；chance机会；way方法。根据“The dinner table”可知，此处指餐桌这个地方，故选B。 二、Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once.（将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每个单词只能填一次） A．greet  B．local  C． warmly  D．seriously  E. shakes Akuapem is in the eastern part of Ghana(加纳). The sun there shines all the time. The 1 people are very friendly and hospitable(好客的). Now let’s have a look at how Akuapem people receive a visitor. A visitor is often welcomed warmly in a family of Akuapem. After the visitor is welcomed 2 into the house, he is offered a seat and water at the very beginning because the host assumes that the visitor must have come from a very long journey and need water. If there is a group of visitors, the host will 3 the visitors from right to left. And the host 4 only with his right hand because Akuapem people think the left hand is not clean. A．given  B．safely  C． why  D．eating  E. when Next, the visitor is asked how his journey was and 5 he has come. While the conversation is going on, the wife and the children, especially girls, are preparing food for the visitor. The visitor can choose his favorite food. After the visitor finishes 6 the host and the visitor go on with their conversation. Usually this is short one because the visitor is getting ready to say goodbye. When the visitor is leaving, he is often 7 some food. He is also accompanied(陪伴) by one of the children to the nearest station. The child who accompanies the visitor will not come back home until the visitor leaves 8 . Whether he is a close friend or just a stranger, this is always how friendly Akuapem people receive a visitor. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述阿夸佩姆族是如何招待客人的。 【详解】1．句意：当地人非常友好好客。根据“people are very friendly and hospitable”可知，此处表达的是“当地人”非常友好好客。local“当地的”。故选B。 2．句意：当客人被热情地接待后，在一开始就给他安排了座位和水，因为主人认为客人一定是从很远的地方来的，需要水。根据上文“A visitor is often welcomed warmly in a family of Akuapem.”可知，游客通常会受到阿夸佩姆族家庭的热情欢迎，因此此处填warmly“热情地”。故选C。 3．句意：如果有一群客人，主人会从右到左迎接客人。根据“If there is a group of visitors,”以及上文说阿夸佩姆族很热情好客，可知有一群人时，他们会迎接客人。greet“欢迎、迎接”。故选A。 4．句意：主持人只用右手握手，因为阿夸佩姆族人认为左手不干净。根据“with his right hand”可知，选项中shake“握手”符合语义，即只用右手握手。故选E。 5．句意：接着，客人被问到他的旅程如何以及他为什么来。根据“the visitor is asked how his journey was”可知，题空处也要填一个疑问副词，此处表示“为什么来”。why“为什么”。故选C。 6．句意：客人吃完后，主人和客人继续他们的谈话。finish后跟动词ing，只有eating符合。eating“吃”。故选D。 7．句意：当客人离开时，通常会给他一些食物。根据“he is often…some food.”可知，此处是客人“被给”了一些食物，因此用被动语态。given“给”符合。故选A。 8．句意：陪伴来访者的孩子要等到来访者安全离开后才会回家。leaves是动词，因此需要副词safely“安全地”修饰。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $