Unit 2 People and their jobs 单元必背知识（背诵默写任务单）英语新教材沪教版五四学制九年级上册

该初中英语单元学案以“People and their jobs”为主题，围绕职业认知与语言运用目标，通过必背单词（黑体标注重点）、短语、句型到语法精萃的递进设计，构建从词汇积累到句型应用再到语法巩固的完整学习路径，体现知识建构的系统性和连贯性。 亮点在于“职业角色与语言表达”的主题探究设计，学生需运用单元词汇（如dentist, lawyer）、短语（如different walks of life, craftsmanship spirit）及定语从句描述职业职责，培养语言能力和思维品质。通过“采访古籍修复师”等任务实例，渗透工匠精神，涵养文化意识，促进深度学习。为教师提供结构化复习资源，有效支持单元整体教学与学生能力提升。

Unit 2 People and their jobs元必背知识（背诵版） Ⅰ.必背单词 （黑体部分为重点词汇） 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 vox pop 街头采访 patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/adj. 忍耐的；有耐心的 n. 患者；病人 equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/n. 设备；装备 requirement /rɪˈkwaɪəmənt/n. 要求；必要条件 interior /ɪnˈtɪəriə(r)/adj. 内部的 architecture /ˈɑːkɪtektʃə(r)/n. 建筑学；建筑术 delivery /dɪˈlɪvəri/n. 传送；递送 journalist /ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/n. 新闻工作者 parcel /ˈpɑːsl/n. 包裹 interviewee /ˌɪntəvjuːˈiː/n. 接受采访者 chemistry /ˈkemɪstri/n. 化学 certification /ˌsɜːtɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 证明；出具课程结业证书 organise (AmE organize) /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/v. 组织；筹备 restorer /rɪˈstɔːrə(r)/n. 修补者；修复者 restoration /ˌrestəˈreɪʃn/n. (损坏的 建筑物､艺术品等的) 修复 period /ˈpɪəriəd/n. 一段时间；时期 due to 由于；因为 worm /wɜːm/n. 虫子；蠕虫 damp /dæmp/n. 湿气；潮湿 professional /prəˈfeʃənl/adj. 职业 的；专业的 tweezers /ˈtwiːzəz/n. 镊子；钳子 fix /fɪks/v. 修理；校准；校正 army /ˈɑːmi/n. 军队 race /reɪs/n. 赛跑 extra /ˈekstrə/adj. 额外的 background /ˈbæɡraʊnd/n. 背景 scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/adj. 科学的 digitalisation (AmE digitalization) /ˌdɪdʒɪtəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. 数字化 unwilling /ʌnˈwɪlɪŋ/adj. 不愿意的；不情愿的 policewoman (pl. policewomen) /pəˈliːswʊmən/n. 女警察 postman (pl. postmen) /ˈpəʊstmən/n. 邮递员 boss /bɒs/n. 老板 dentist /ˈdentɪst/n. 牙科医生 lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/n. 律师 fireman (pl. firemen) /ˈfaɪəmən/n. 消防队员 Ⅱ.必背短语 1. carry out a research 开展调研 2. different walks of life 各行各业 3. medical equipment 医疗设备 4. emergency care 急救护理 5. interior designer 室内设计师 6. home design 家装设计 7. social media influencer 网红博主 8. communication skills 沟通能力 9. collect parcels 收取包裹 10. drive sth to people’s homes 送货上门 11. give first aid 实施急救 12. community volunteer 社区志愿者 13. work towards a goal 朝着目标努力 14. come true 实现 15. teacher certification 教师资格证 16. basic instruments 基础乐器 17. organise performances 组织演出 18. office software 办公软件 19. presentation skills 展示能力 20. damaged ancient books 破损古籍 21. over long periods of time 长年累月 22. eat one’s way into books 蛀蚀书本 23. due to damp 因受潮 24. give ... a new life 让...重获新生 25. modern equipment 现代设备 26. test the paper 检测纸张 27. carry out research 开展研究 28. race against time 与时间赛跑 29. work extra hours 加班 30. pass down skills 传授技艺 31. digitalisation 数字化 32. valuable records 珍贵典籍 33. make notes 记笔记 34. job requirements 岗位要求 35. take up this work 从事这份工作 36. for life 终身 37. good educational backgrounds 良好教育背景 38. try one’s best 尽最大努力 39. solve problems 解决问题 40. craftsmanship spirit 工匠精神 41. concentrate on 专注于 42. be devoted to 投身于 43. glass-blowing 吹玻璃工艺 44. hollow steel tube 空心钢管 45. worthwhile job 有价值的职业 46. bind books 装订书籍 Ⅲ.必背句型 1. He complains he has no time for himself.他抱怨没有属于自己的时间。 2. She is happy to see her students making progress.看到学生取得进步，她十分开心。 3. Acting quickly to help patients is the main duty of emergency doctors.快速施救是急诊医生的主要职责。 4. You need to have some knowledge of art.你需要掌握一些美术知识。 5. Set a goal and work towards it.树立目标并为之努力。 6. I’m sure your dream will come true.我相信你的梦想一定会实现。 7. It’s my responsibility to do it.做这件事是我的责任。 8. My job is to repair the ancient books which have been damaged over the long periods of time.我的工作是修复长年受损的古籍。 9. More than 10 million old books are waiting for restoration.超千万本古籍亟待修复。 10. Simple tools like scissors, tweezers and brushes were used in the past.过去只用剪刀、镊子、毛刷这类简易工具。 11. Repairing an ancient book is like doing an operation on a patient.修复古籍如同给病人做手术。 12. I soon took an interest in this work.我很快对这份工作产生了兴趣。 13. It’s love and passion that keep me going.热爱与热忱支撑我坚持下去。 14. Once I took up this work, it meant a job for life.一旦从事这份工作，便是终身的事业。 15. We are racing against time to rescue old books.我们争分夺秒抢救古籍。 16. They have good educational backgrounds and use more scientific methods.他们拥有良好的教育背景，会运用更科学的修复手段。 17. Some masters might be unwilling to pass down all their skills.有些老师傅不愿倾囊相授全部技艺。 18. I will interview someone who restores ancient books.我将要采访一位古籍修复师。 19. We save each piece of paper which breaks off from the book.我们保存书本脱落的每一片纸屑。 20. The company is looking for someone who can help sell its products online.这家公司正在寻找能线上带货的人员。 21. The chest, which was over 100 years old, had detailed carvings.这个百年木箱带有精致雕花。 22. I want to be a scientist who studies living things.我想成为一名研究生物的科学家。 23. It’s important to let people know how valuable nature is.让人们知晓自然的珍贵十分重要。 24. I know it will be hard to become a life scientist, but I’ll try my best to make it happen.我知道成为生物学家很难，但我会尽全力实现目标。 25. I have always loved animals, but being a full-time vet is very challenging.我一直喜爱动物，但全职兽医这份工作极具挑战。 26. When he was young, he dreamed of being a firefighter.他年少时梦想成为消防员。 27. FAST aims to discover how life began and to receive possible messages from alien civilisations.中国天眼旨在探寻生命起源，接收外星文明信号。 28. He oversaw everything despite suffering from cancer.他身患癌症，依旧全程把控项目所有事宜。 29. Germany’s workers have craftsmanship spirit, which lets them focus on each product.德国工人拥有工匠精神，专注打磨每一件产品。 30. It takes a craftsman a lot of skills to shape melted glass.工匠需要高超技艺才能塑形熔融玻璃。 31. We need to list the duties and requirements of the book restorer on the poster.我们需要在海报上列出古籍修复师的工作内容与从业要求。 32. Saving valuable ancient books is the most meaningful part of this job.抢救珍贵古籍是这份工作最有意义的地方。 Ⅳ.语法精萃 由 who、which、that 引导的定语从句 关系代词 修饰对象 在从句中可充当成分 基础例句 who 人 主语 / 宾语 The girl who helps me is my deskmate. He is the student who we met yesterday. which 物 主语 / 宾语 This is the book which I bought last week. The tree which stands here is old. that 人 + 物 主语 / 宾语 The boy that you saw is a book restorer. The pot that broke was ancient. 【注意】 1. 位置规则：定语从句永远放在被修饰名词（先行词）的后面，不能前置。 ✅ I like songs that are soft. ❌ I like that are soft songs. 2. 只用that，不能用which的4种情况 ① 先行词同时包含人+物 He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited. ② 先行词被最高级修饰 This is the most valuable book that I have ever read. ③ 先行词被序数词修饰 This is the first folk custom that I learned. ④ 先行词被all, everything, nothing, something等不定代词修饰 Tell me everything that you know. 3. 绝对不能用that的情况 介词后面只能用which/who，禁止that ✅ This is the house in which I lived. ❌ This is the house in that I lived. 4. 关系代词可省略条件 who/which/that 在从句里作宾语时，可以直接删掉；作主语绝不省略。 作宾语（可省）：The pen (that) I lost is red. 作主语（不可省）：The pen that is on the desk is mine. 5. 易错区分：who vs which - 人只用who/that，不能用which ✅ The man who restores old books is Mr Du. ❌ The man which restores old books is Mr Du. - 物只用which/that，不能用who ✅ The clay pot which is colourful is Mexican art. ❌ The clay pot who is colourful is Mexican art. 6. 主谓一致重点 从句谓语单复数，由先行词决定 I hate the rubbish that pollutes rivers.（rubbish单数→pollutes） I love the stories that talk about travel.（stories复数→talk） $Unit 2 People and their jobs元必背知识（默写版） Ⅰ.必背单词 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 街头采访 __________ 忍耐的；有耐心的；患者；病人 __________ 设备；装备 __________ 要求；必要条件 __________ 内部的 __________ 建筑学；建筑术 __________ 传送；递送 __________ 新闻工作者 __________ 包裹 __________ 接受采访者 __________ 化学 __________ 证明；出具课程结业证书 __________ 组织；筹备 __________ 修补者；修复者 __________ (损坏的 建筑物､艺术品等的) 修复 __________ 一段时间；时期 __________ 由于；因为 __________ 虫子；蠕虫 __________ 湿气；潮湿 __________ 职业的；专业的 __________ 镊子；钳子 __________ 修理；校准；校正 __________ 军队 __________ 赛跑 __________ 额外的 __________ 背景 __________ 科学的 __________ 数字化 __________ 不愿意的；不情愿的 __________ 女警察 __________ 邮递员 __________ 老板 __________ 牙科医生 __________ 律师 __________ 消防队员 __________ Ⅱ.必背短语 1. 开展调研 _________________ 2. 各行各业 _________________ 3. 医疗设备 _________________ 4. 急救护理 _________________ 5. 室内设计师 _________________ 6. 家装设计 _________________ 7. 网红博主 _________________ 8. 沟通能力 _________________ 9. 收取包裹 _________________ 10. 送货上门 _________________ 11. 实施急救 _________________ 12. 社区志愿者 _________________ 13. 朝着目标努力 _________________ 14. 实现 _________________ 15. 教师资格证 _________________ 16. 基础乐器 _________________ 17. 组织演出 _________________ 18. 办公软件 _________________ 19. 展示能力 _________________ 20. 破损古籍 _________________ 21. 长年累月 _________________ 22. 蛀蚀书本 _________________ 23. 因受潮 _________________ 24. 让...重获新生 _________________ 25. 现代设备 _________________ 26. 检测纸张 _________________ 27. 开展研究 _________________ 28. 与时间赛跑 _________________ 29. 加班 _________________ 30. 传授技艺 _________________ 31. 旨在做某事 _________________ 32. 珍贵典籍 _________________ 33. 记笔记 _________________ 34. 岗位要求 _________________ 35. 从事这份工作 _________________ 36. 终身 _________________ 37. 良好教育背景 _________________ 38. 尽最大努力 _________________ 39. 解决问题 _________________ 40. 工匠精神 _________________ 41. 专注于 _________________ 42. 投身于 _________________ 43. 吹玻璃工艺历史 _________________ 44. 空心钢管 _________________ 45. 有价值的职业 _________________ 46. 装订书籍 _________________ Ⅲ.必背句型 1. 他抱怨没有属于自己的时间。 He __________ he has no time for himself. 2. 看到学生取得进步，她十分开心。 She __________ __________ __________ see her students __________ __________. 3. 快速施救是急诊医生的主要职责。 Acting quickly to help patients is the __________ __________ of emergency doctors. 4. 你需要掌握一些美术知识。 You need to have some _________ _________ _________. 5. 树立目标并为之努力。 _________ _________ _________ and work towards it. 6. 我相信你的梦想一定会实现。 I’m sure your dream will __________ __________ . 7. 做这件事是我的责任。 It’s my _________ to do it. 8. 我的工作是修复长年受损的古籍。 My job is __________ __________ the ancient books which have been _________ over the long periods of time. 9. 超千万本古籍亟待修复。 _________ _________ _________ _________ old books are waiting for restoration. 10. 过去只用剪刀、镊子、毛刷这类简易工具。 Simple tools _________ scissors, tweezers and brushes __________ __________ in the past. 11. 修复古籍如同给病人做手术。 _________ an ancient book is like doing an __________ __________ a patient. 12. 我很快对这份工作产生了兴趣。 I soon _________ _________ _________ in this work. 13. 热爱与热忱支撑我坚持下去。 It’s _________ and _________ that _________ _________ _________. 14. 一旦从事这份工作，便是终身的事业。 _________ I __________ __________ this work, it meant a job __________ __________ . 15. 我们争分夺秒抢救古籍。 We are _________ _________ _________ to _________ old books. 16. 他们拥有良好的教育背景，会运用更科学的修复手段。 They have good educational backgrounds and use more __________ __________. 17. 有些老师傅不愿倾囊相授全部技艺。 Some masters might be _________ to __________ __________ all their skills. 18. 我将要采访一位古籍修复师。 I will interview someone _________ restores ancient books. 19. 我们保存书本脱落的每一片纸屑。 We save each piece of paper _________ _________ _________ from the book. 20. 这家公司正在寻找能线上带货的人员。 The company is looking for __________ __________ can help sell its products online. 21. 这个百年木箱带有精致雕花。 The chest, _________ was over 100 years old, had _________ carvings. 22. 我想成为一名研究生物的科学家。 I want to be a scientist _________ studies __________ __________. 23. 让人们知晓自然的珍贵十分重要。 It’s important to let people know _________ _________ _________ _________. 24. 我知道成为生物学家很难，但我会尽全力实现目标。 I know it will be hard to become a life scientist, but I’ll _________ _________ _________ to make it happen. 25. 我一直喜爱动物，但全职兽医这份工作极具挑战。 I have always loved animals, but being a _________ vet is very _________. 26. 他年少时梦想成为消防员。 When he was young, he _________ _________ _________ a firefighter. 27. 中国天眼旨在探寻生命起源，接收外星文明信号。 FAST __________ __________ discover how life began and to receive possible messages from alien civilisations. 28. 他身患癌症，依旧全程把控项目所有事宜。 He oversaw everything _________ _________ _________ cancer. 29. 德国工人拥有工匠精神，专注打磨每一件产品。 Germany’s workers have __________ __________ , which lets them __________ __________ each product. 30. 工匠需要高超技艺才能塑形熔融玻璃。 It takes a craftsman a lot of _________ to _________ melted glass. 31. 我们需要在海报上列出古籍修复师的工作内容与从业要求。 We need to _________ the _________ and _________ of the book restorer on the poster. 32. 抢救珍贵古籍是这份工作最有意义的地方。 Saving _________ ancient books is the __________ __________ part of this job. Ⅳ.语法精萃 由 who、which、that 引导的定语从句 关系代词 修饰对象 在从句中可充当成分 基础例句 who __________ 主语 / 宾语 The girl who helps me is my deskmate. He is the student who we met yesterday. which __________ 主语 / 宾语 This is the book which I bought last week. The tree which stands here is old. that __________ 主语 / 宾语 The boy that you saw is a book restorer. The pot that broke was ancient. 【注意】 1. 位置规则：定语从句永远放在被修饰名词（先行词）的后面，不能前置。 ✅ I like songs that are soft. ❌ I like that are soft songs. 2. 只用that，不能用which的4种情况 ① 先行词同时包含__________ He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited. ② 先行词被__________修饰 This is the most valuable book that I have ever read. ③ 先行词被__________修饰 This is the first folk custom that I learned. ④ 先行词被______________________________修饰 Tell me everything that you know. 3. 绝对不能用that的情况 __________后面只能用which/who，禁止that ✅ This is the house in which I lived. ❌ This is the house in that I lived. 4. 关系代词可省略条件 who/which/that 在从句里作__________时，可以直接删掉；作主语绝不省略。 作宾语（可省）：The pen (that) I lost is red. 作主语（不可省）：The pen that is on the desk is mine. 5. 易错区分：who vs which - 人只用__________，不能用__________ ✅ The man who restores old books is Mr Du. ❌ The man which restores old books is Mr Du. - 物只用__________，不能用__________ ✅ The clay pot which is colourful is Mexican art. ❌ The clay pot who is colourful is Mexican art. 6. 主谓一致重点 从句谓语单复数，由__________决定 I hate the rubbish that pollutes rivers.（rubbish单数→pollutes） I love the stories that talk about travel.（stories复数→talk） $