专题01 Unit 1 Looking forwards-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语外研版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语高考复习学案聚焦12个高考高频词汇，通过语境串记语篇构建词汇应用场景，结合词根拆解、词性变化总表系统梳理考点，引导学生从词源逻辑和搭配规律自主构建知识网络，体现考点梳理的系统性与层次性。 亮点在于自主学习支持与思维品质培养，如设置语境复现语法填空（含真题改编题）、语篇默写及记忆链复述模板，学生可通过自我检测诊断薄弱点。写作词汇升级环节提升语言表达能力，关联阅读训练语篇理解，助力学生发展自主复习能力，教师可依学情精准指导，实现因材施教。

乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题01【语境串考点】第一单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：ambition / commercial / admission / historical / ultimately / alternative / dilemma / circumstance / qualified / participation / numerous / thoughtful （知识点来源：选修四 Unit 1 · Looking forwards + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 1 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 8 【练习题】 8 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 9 【练习题】 9 Part 7 关联阅读 9 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 From boyhood, his ambition was to be a sports reporter, though a commercial break once made him doubt that dream. College admission opened a door, and he read historical accounts of great matches to understand how the game had changed. Ultimately, he faced an alternative: to take a safe office job or to follow the risky path he loved. The dilemma grew sharper under every circumstance, yet each deadline pushed him to make up his mind. A qualified journalist needs more than skill; it takes full participation in every story. Numerous interviews taught him to listen, and a thoughtful question could open the heart of any stranger. 【中文译文】 从少年时代起，他的ambition（抱负）就是成为一名体育记者，尽管一次commercial（商业广告）插播曾让他对这个梦想产生怀疑。大学admission（录取）打开了一扇门，他阅读关于重大比赛的historical（历史的）记载，以理解比赛发生了怎样的变化。 ultimately（最终），他面临一个alternative（选择）：是接受一份安稳的办公室工作，还是追随他热爱却充满风险的道路。这个dilemma（两难困境）在每种circumstance（情况）下都变得更加尖锐，而每个截止日期都在迫使他下定决心。 一名qualified（合格的）记者需要的不仅是技巧，更要全身心participation（参与）每一个故事。numerous（大量的）采访教会他倾听，而一个thoughtful（深思的）问题能打开任何陌生人的心扉。 Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 ambition /æmˈbɪʃn/ n. 抱负，雄心 ⚡考点：the ambition to do 做…的抱负；achieve one's ambition 实现抱负；ambitious adj. 有雄心的 2 commercial /kəˈmɜːʃl/ n. 商业广告；adj. 商业的 ⚡考点：a TV commercial 电视广告；commercial value 商业价值；commerce n. 商业 3 admission /ədˈmɪʃn/ n. 准入，录取；承认 ⚡考点：admission to 进入…；college admission 大学录取；admit v. 承认；录取 4 historical /hɪˈstɒrɪkl/ adj. 历史的，历史性的 ⚡考点：historical records 历史记载；a historical figure 历史人物；history n. 历史 5 ultimately /ˈʌltɪmətli/ adv. 最终，归根结底 ⚡考点：ultimately decide 最终决定；ultimate adj. 最终的；at last 近义 6 alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ n. 可供选择的事物；adj. 供替代的 ⚡考点：have no alternative but to do 别无选择只能做；an alternative plan 备选方案 7 dilemma /dɪˈlemə/ n. 困境，进退两难 ⚡考点：be caught in a dilemma 陷入两难；face a dilemma 面临困境；a moral dilemma 道德困境 8 circumstance /ˈsɜːkəmstəns/ n. 情况，环境 ⚡考点：under/in no circumstances 决不（倒装）；in the circumstances 在这种情况下 9 qualified /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/ adj. 合格的，有资格的 ⚡考点：be qualified for 胜任；be qualified to do 有资格做；qualify v. 使合格 10 participation /pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃn/ n. 参与，参加 ⚡考点：participation in 参与；full participation 全身心参与；participate v. 参加 11 numerous /ˈnjuːmərəs/ adj. 许多的，众多的 ⚡考点：numerous opportunities 众多机会；a numerous audience 大批观众；number n. 数量 12 thoughtful /ˈθɔːtfl/ adj. 体贴的；深思的 ⚡考点：be thoughtful of sb. 体贴某人；a thoughtful question 深思熟虑的问题；thought n. 想法 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. ambition /æmˈbɪʃn/ n. 抱负，雄心 【核心考点】 ambition是人物类与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①抱负，雄心——the ambition to do sth.（做某事的抱负）、achieve one's ambition（实现抱负）、full of ambition（充满雄心）；②野心（贬义）——political ambition（政治野心）。派生词：ambitious adj. 有雄心的→ be ambitious to do（渴望做）；ambitiously adv. 有雄心地。辨析：ambition（抱负/野心，驱动性强）vs goal（目标，具体）vs dream（梦想，美好但不一定实现）vs desire（渴望）。写作金句：Ambition is the engine of a life, but it must be steered by values, not by noise（抱负是人生的引擎，但须由价值观而非喧嚣来掌舵）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语ambitio"四处奔走拉选票"（amb-"周围"+ire"走"）→ 为求官职奔走→ 野心/抱负。联想：amb"周围"→ ambition（抱负）、ambience（氛围）、ambassador（大使）。记住：ambition = 为理想奔走的劲头。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：ambition在阅读中常见褒义"抱负"（a life ambition人生抱负），也可表贬义"野心"（an ambition for power），须据语境色彩判断褒贬。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"From boyhood, his ambition was to be a sports reporter, and every late-night broadcast reminded him why he had started."（从少年时代起，他的抱负就是成为一名体育记者，每一次深夜播报都提醒他当初为何出发。）（经典原句·ambition 抱负） 【搭配词块】 the ambition to do 做…的抱负 / achieve one's ambition 实现抱负 / ambitious adj. 有雄心的 / be ambitious to do 渴望做 2. commercial /kəˈmɜːʃl/ n. 商业广告；adj. 商业的 【核心考点】 commercial是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频名词/形容词。用法要点：①（名词）商业广告——a TV commercial（电视广告）、a commercial for a company（某公司的广告）——此义是2021新高考II卷语法填空真题考点；②（形容词）商业的——commercial value（商业价值）、commercial centre（商业中心）。派生词：commerce n. 商业，贸易；commercialize v. 使商业化；commercially adv. 商业上。辨析：commercial（广告/商业的）vs advertisement（广告，最通用）vs business（生意）vs trade（贸易）。写作金句：A single clever commercial can change a habit, but only a true story can change a mind（一条巧妙的广告能改变习惯，但唯有真实的故事能改变想法）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语commercium"贸易"（com-"共同"+merx"商品"）→ 商业。联想：merc"商品"→ commercial（商业的）、merchant（商人）、market（市场）。记住：com + merc = 共同交易。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：commercial作名词"广告"是高频熟词生义考点，如I saw a commercial for a health-care company（我看到一家医疗保健公司的广告），名词读音重音在第二个音节。 【真题原句】 （2021新高考II卷·语法填空真题）"One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company."（有一天，我看到一家医疗保健公司的广告。）（真题原句·commercial 商业广告，名词） 【搭配词块】 a TV commercial 电视广告 / commercial value 商业价值 / commerce n. 商业 / commercialize v. 使商业化 3. admission /ədˈmɪʃn/ n. 准入，录取；承认 【核心考点】 admission是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①准入，录取——admission to the university（大学录取）、college admission（大学录取）、free admission（免费入场）；②承认——make an admission（承认）、an admission of guilt（认罪）。派生词：admit v. 承认；准许进入→ be admitted to（被…录取/接纳）——语法填空高频；admissible adj. 可接受的。辨析：admission（准入权/承认）vs permission（许可）vs entrance（入口/进入）vs entry（进入/条目）。写作金句：Admission to a dream school is only a ticket; the journey still has to be walked（进入梦想学校的录取通知书只是一张票，路仍需自己走）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语admittere"允许进入"（ad-"向"+mittere"送"）→ 送入→ 准入。联想：mit"送"→ admit（承认；录取）、mission（使命）、transmit（传输）。记住：ad + mit = 放进来。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：admission常与介词to连用表"被…录取"，如admission to the genius club（进入"天才俱乐部"的资格，2021全国甲卷原句）；动词形式admit后接to+doing表"承认做了"。 【真题原句】 （2021全国甲卷·阅读真题）"It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club."（据说历史由胜利者书写，而这些胜利者设定了进入"天才俱乐部"的准入标准。）（真题原句·admission 准入、资格） 【搭配词块】 admission to 进入… / college admission 大学录取 / free admission 免费入场 / be admitted to 被…录取 4. historical /hɪˈstɒrɪkl/ adj. 历史的，历史性的 【核心考点】 historical是文化类与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①历史的，与历史有关的——historical records（历史记载）、a historical figure（历史人物）、historical buildings（历史建筑）；②历史性的——a historical moment（历史性时刻）。辨析（高频考点）：historical（与历史有关的，客观）vs historic（具有历史意义的，重要）——a historic event（划时代事件）vs a historical novel（历史小说）。派生词：history n. 历史；historically adv. 在历史上。写作金句：Historical buildings are letters from the past, and a city that reads them keeps its memory alive（历史建筑是来自过去的信件，读懂它们的城市才能保持记忆鲜活）。 【词根联想】 希腊语historia"探究，知识"（histor"智者"）→ 历史。联想：histor"探究"→ history（历史）、historian（历史学家）、prehistoric（史前的）。记住：historical = 探究过往的。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：historical与historic的区别是高考高频辨析题——historical强调"与历史相关的"，historic强调"有历史意义的"，如historical buildings of the past（过去的历史建筑，2022全国甲卷语法填空原句）用historical。 【真题原句】 （2022全国甲卷·语法填空真题）"It is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past."（北京承载着三千多年的辉煌历史，二十一世纪的建筑奇观与历史建筑比肩而立。）（真题原句·historical 历史的） 【搭配词块】 historical records 历史记载 / a historical figure 历史人物 / historical buildings 历史建筑 / historic adj. 有历史意义的 5. ultimately /ˈʌltɪmətli/ adv. 最终，归根结底 【核心考点】 ultimately是议论文与说明文语篇的高频副词。用法要点：①最终，最后——Ultimately, he chose the risky path（最终，他选择了冒险之路）——常置于句首作评注性状语；②归根结底——Ultimately, what matters is attitude（归根结底，重要的是态度）。派生词：ultimate adj. 最终的→ the ultimate goal（最终目标）；ultimatum n. 最后通牒。辨析：ultimately（最终，强调过程终点）vs eventually（最终，强调迟早发生）vs finally（最后，列举/结束）vs in the end（最终，口语）。写作金句：Ultimately, it is not the choices we regret but the choices we never made（归根结底，让我们后悔的不是做出的选择，而是从未做出的选择）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语ultimus"最远的"（ulter"那一边"）→ 最末端→ 最终。联想：ultim"最末"→ ultimate（最终的）、ultimatum（最后通牒）。记住：ultimately = 走到尽头处。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：ultimately常出现在"先举反例、后作结论"的议论文结构中，为态度判断题的标志词，如Ultimately, success came little by little（最终，成功一点点到来）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Ultimately, he chose the risky path he loved, because a quiet life had never been the point."（最终，他选择了所爱的冒险之路，因为安稳平淡从来不是目的。）（经典原句·ultimately 最终） 【搭配词块】 ultimately decide 最终决定 / ultimate adj. 最终的 / the ultimate goal 最终目标 / in the end 最终 6. alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ n. 可供选择的事物；adj. 供替代的 【核心考点】 alternative是议论文与说明文语篇的高频名词/形容词。用法要点：①（名词）可供选择的事物——have no alternative but to do（别无选择只能做）、an alternative to（…的替代方案）；②（形容词）供替代的——alternative energy（替代能源）、an alternative plan（备选方案）。派生词：alternate v. 交替；alternatively adv. 或者，要不。辨析：alternative（两者择一的选择）vs choice（选择，最通用）vs option（选项）vs substitute（替代品）。写作金句：Every refusal is simply a doorway to an alternative road, and the road you fear is often the one you need（每一次拒绝都不过是通往另一条路的大门，而你害怕的那条路往往正是你需要的）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语alternare"交替"（alter"另一个"）→ 另一个→ 可选择项。联想：alter"另一个"→ alternative（替代方案）、alter（改变）、alternate（交替）。记住：alter + native = 另一个选项。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：alternative作名词表"替代方案"，固定搭配have no alternative but to do（别无选择只能做）是写作与语法填空高频考点；作形容词常见于alternative energy（替代能源）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"She had no alternative but to leave the city she loved, yet a new chapter was waiting."（她别无选择，只能离开深爱的城市，然而新的一章正在等待。）（经典原句·alternative 选择、替代方案） 【搭配词块】 have no alternative but to do 别无选择只能做 / an alternative to …的替代 / alternative energy 替代能源 / alternatively adv. 或者 7. dilemma /dɪˈlemə/ n. 困境，进退两难 【核心考点】 dilemma是记叙文与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①两难困境——be caught in a dilemma（陷入两难）、face a dilemma（面临困境）、a moral dilemma（道德困境）；②搭配动词——resolve/solve a dilemma（解决困境）。注意拼写：di（二）+ lemma（前提），双写l。辨析：dilemma（进退两难的抉择困境）vs difficulty（困难）vs problem（问题）vs trouble（麻烦）。写作金句：A dilemma is a gift in disguise, for it forces us to discover what we truly value（困境是化了妆的礼物，因为它逼我们发现自己真正珍视什么）。 【词根联想】 希腊语dilemma"双重命题"（di-"二"+lemma"命题"）→ 两面都对→ 两难。联想：di"二"→ dilemma（两难）、dialogue（对话）、divide（分开）。记住：di + lemma = 两个选择都成立的难题。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：dilemma常与catch/find搭配，be caught in a dilemma（陷入两难）为高频词组；近义表达between a rock and a hard place（进退维谷）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The young man was caught in a dilemma: a safe salary or a dream that might never pay off."（年轻人陷入了两难：一份安稳的薪水，还是一个或许永远无法回报的梦想。）（经典原句·dilemma 两难困境） 【搭配词块】 be caught in a dilemma 陷入两难 / face a dilemma 面临困境 / a moral dilemma 道德困境 / resolve a dilemma 解决困境 8. circumstance /ˈsɜːkəmstəns/ n. 情况，环境 【核心考点】 circumstance是说明文与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①情况，环境——under/in the circumstances（在这种情况下）、under no circumstances（决不，置于句首时句子倒装——语法填空与写作高频考点）；②复数circumstances表"处境、境况"。辨析：circumstance（外部情况/环境）vs condition（条件/状况）vs situation（局面）vs environment（自然环境/社会环境）。写作金句：Under no circumstances should we allow fear to choose our future for us（在任何情况下我们都不该让恐惧替我们选择未来）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语circumstantia"围绕之物"（circum-"周围"+stare"站"）→ 站在周围的事物→ 环境。联想：circum"周围"→ circumstance（情况）、circumference（周长）、circumnavigate（环航）。记住：circum + stance = 周围站着的状况。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：under no circumstances（决不）置于句首时主句须用部分倒装，如Under no circumstances should you give up（你决不应该放弃），此倒装结构为高考语法填空与改错高频考点。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Under no circumstances should you give up your dream, for every difficulty is a doorway."（你决不应该放弃梦想，因为每个困难都是一扇门。）（经典原句·circumstance 情况、环境） 【搭配词块】 under/in no circumstances 决不（倒装） / in the circumstances 在这种情况下 / adverse circumstances 逆境 / circumstances permit 情况允许 9. qualified /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/ adj. 合格的，有资格的 【核心考点】 qualified是人物类与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①合格的，有资格的——be qualified for the job（胜任这份工作）、be qualified to do（有资格做）；②a qualified teacher（合格教师）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：qualify v. 使合格→ qualify for（有…的资格）；qualification n. 资格，资历→ qualifications for（…的资格）；qualifier n. 预选赛。辨析：qualified（有资格的，经训练/考试）vs capable（有能力的）vs competent（称职的）vs eligible（符合条件的）。写作金句：A qualified journalist needs more than skill; it takes full participation in every story（一名合格的记者需要的不仅是技巧，更要全身心投入每一个故事）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语qualis"何种"→ 达到何种标准→ 合格。联想：qual"性质/标准"→ qualify（使合格）、quality（质量）、qualification（资格）。记住：qual + ified = 达到标准的。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：qualified后可接for+名词或to do，be qualified for the job（胜任工作）为高频搭配；其动词qualify在语法填空中常考qualify for/qualifies（第三人称单数）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Only a qualified doctor can make such a judgment, for experience speaks louder than guesses."（只有合格的医生才能作出这样的判断，因为经验比猜测更有说服力。）（经典原句·qualified 合格的） 【搭配词块】 be qualified for 胜任 / be qualified to do 有资格做 / qualify for 有…的资格 / qualification n. 资格 10. participation /pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃn/ n. 参与，参加 【核心考点】 participation是说明文与活动类语篇的高频名词（不可数）。用法要点：①参与，参加——participation in（参与…）、full participation（全身心参与）、active participation（积极参与）；②搭配动词——encourage participation（鼓励参与）。派生词：participate v. 参加→ participate in（参加）；participant n. 参与者；participatory adj. 参与式的。辨析：participation（参与活动/项目）vs attendance（出席）vs involvement（卷入，介入）vs membership（会员身份）。写作金句：Full participation in every story is what turns a reporter into a witness, and a witness into a voice（全身心投入每个故事，才能让记者成为见证者，让见证者成为发声者）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语participare"分享，分得一份"（pars"部分"+capere"取"）→ 取得一份→ 参与。联想：part"部分"+cip"取"→ participate（参与）、particle（微粒）。记住：part + cip = 分得一份。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：participation后接介词in，participate in（参加）是固定搭配；其反义为absence（缺席），阅读中常以"active participation vs passive watching"对举。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Full participation in class discussions builds confidence, and confidence builds character."（全身心参与课堂讨论能建立自信，而自信塑造品格。）（经典原句·participation 参与） 【搭配词块】 participation in 参与… / full participation 全身心参与 / active participation 积极参与 / participate in 参加 11. numerous /ˈnjuːmərəs/ adj. 许多的，众多的 【核心考点】 numerous是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频形容词（正式，修饰复数名词）。用法要点：①许多的——numerous opportunities（众多机会）、numerous interviews（大量采访）；②numerous + 复数名词，相当于many，但更正式；③be numerous in（在某方面众多）。派生词：number n. 数量；numerousness n. 众多。辨析：numerous（许多的，正式书面）vs many（许多，最通用）vs countless（无数的，强调不可数）vs numerous与a number of（大量的）。写作金句：Numerous small kindnesses build a community, just as countless drops build a river（无数微小的善意筑成社区，正如无数水滴汇成江河）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语numerosus"众多的"（numerus"数"）→ 数量多的。联想：numer"数"→ numerous（众多的）、number（数字）、numerable（可数的）、innumerable（无数的）。记住：numer + ous = 数不过来的。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：numerous只能修饰复数可数名词，不能修饰不可数名词；阅读中常与a variety of、a great many构成同义替换，为词汇猜测题的干扰项来源。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Numerous interviews taught him to listen, and a thoughtful question could open any stranger's heart."（大量的采访教会他倾听，而一个深思熟虑的问题能打开任何陌生人的心扉。）（经典原句·numerous 众多的） 【搭配词块】 numerous opportunities 众多机会 / numerous interviews 大量采访 / a great many 大量 / number n. 数量 12. thoughtful /ˈθɔːtfl/ adj. 体贴的；深思的 【核心考点】 thoughtful是人物类与记叙文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①体贴的，周到的——be thoughtful of sb.（体贴某人）、a thoughtful gift（贴心的礼物）；②深思的，沉思的——a thoughtful expression（深思的表情）、a thoughtful question（深思熟虑的问题）。派生词：thought n. 想法；thoughtfully adv. 体贴地；thoughtfulness n. 体贴。辨析：thoughtful（体贴/深思）vs considerate（体贴的，多为他人着想）vs caring（关心人的）vs thoughtful与deliberate（故意的）。写作金句：A thoughtful question can open the heart of any stranger, for it says: I see you（一个深思熟虑的问题能打开任何陌生人的心扉，因为它在说：我看见了你）。 【词根联想】 thought"思想"（think的过去分词）+ -ful"充满"→ 满含思想的→ 深思的/体贴的。联想：think"想"→ thought（想法）、thoughtful（深思的）、thoughtless（轻率的）。记住：thought + ful = 心思满满。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：thoughtful兼表"体贴的"与"深思的"两义，2022全国乙卷阅读原句a thoughtful young businessman（一位深思的年轻商人）用后者；be thoughtful of sb.表"体贴某人"。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A thoughtful question can open the heart of any stranger, for it says more than a thousand words."（一个深思熟虑的问题能打开任何陌生人的心扉，因为它胜过千言万语。）（经典原句·thoughtful 深思的） 【搭配词块】 be thoughtful of sb. 体贴某人 / a thoughtful question 深思的问题 / thoughtfully adv. 体贴地 / thought n. 想法 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 ambition ambitious (adj.) ambitiously (adv.) --- the ambition to do / achieve one's ambition commercial commerce (n.) commercialize (v.) commercially (adv.) a TV commercial / commercial value admission admit (v.) admitted (v.过去式) admissible (adj.) admission to / be admitted to historical history (n.) historian (n.) historically (adv.) historical records / historic (adj.有历史意义的) ultimately ultimate (adj.) ultimatum (n.) --- ultimately decide / the ultimate goal alternative alternate (v.) alternatively (adv.) --- have no alternative but to do / an alternative plan dilemma --- --- --- be caught in a dilemma / a moral dilemma circumstance circumstantial (adj.) --- --- under no circumstances / in the circumstances qualified qualify (v.) qualification (n.) qualifier (n.) be qualified for / qualify for participation participate (v.) participant (n.) participatory (adj.) participation in / participate in numerous number (n.) innumerable (adj.) --- numerous opportunities / a great many thoughtful thought (n.) thoughtfully (adv.) thoughtless (adj.) be thoughtful of sb. / a thoughtful question Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2021新高考II卷·语法填空·改编）One day, I saw a ____________ (commerce) for a health-care company. 2.（2021全国甲卷·阅读·改编）The victors set the standards for ____________ (admit) to the genius club. 3.（2022全国甲卷·语法填空·改编）New buildings stand side by side with ____________ (history) ones of the past. 4.（2026山东济南·模拟）His childhood ____________ (ambitious) was to become a sports reporter. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）____________ (ultimate), he chose the risky path he truly loved. 6.（2026江苏南京·模拟）She had no ____________ (alternately) but to accept the offer. 7.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The young man was caught in a ____________ (dilemmas) over his future career. 8.（2026四川成都·模拟）Under no ____________ (circumstantial) should you give up your dream. 9.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）She is well ____________ (qualification) for the demanding job. 10.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）Full ____________ (participate) in class discussions builds confidence. 11.（2026福建厦门·模拟）____________ (number) volunteers joined the planting activity this spring. 12.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）It was ____________ (thought) of you to ask about her health. 13.（2026陕西西安·模拟）The exhibition provides ____________ (history) records of the old town. 14.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）He has the ____________ (ambitiously) to change the whole industry. 15.（2026河南郑州·模拟）The plan needs the ____________ (participating) of the whole community. 【答案】 1. commercial 2. admission 3. historical 4. ambition 5. Ultimately 6. alternative 7. dilemma 8. circumstances 9. qualified 10. participation 11. Numerous 12. thoughtful 13. historical 14. ambition 15. participation 【逐题解析】 1. commercial — 提示词commerce为名词，不定冠词a后须用名词commercial（商业广告）。 2. admission — 提示词admit为动词，介词for后须用名词admission（准入）。 3. historical — 提示词history为名词，修饰名词ones须用形容词historical（历史的）。 4. ambition — 提示词ambitious为形容词，形容词性物主代词his后须用名词ambition（抱负）。 5. Ultimately — 提示词ultimate为形容词，句首作状语须用副词Ultimately（最终）。 6. alternative — 提示词alternately为副词，had no…but to do固定搭配须用名词alternative（选择）。 7. dilemma — 提示词dilemmas为复数，不定冠词a后须用单数dilemma（两难困境）。 8. circumstances — 提示词circumstantial为形容词，under no后固定用名词circumstances（情况）。 9. qualified — 提示词qualification为名词，be后须用形容词作表语qualified（合格的）。 10. participation — 提示词participate为动词，形容词Full后须用名词participation（参与）。 11. Numerous — 提示词number为名词，修饰volunteers须用形容词Numerous（众多的），句首大写。 12. thoughtful — 提示词thought为名词，be动词后须用形容词thoughtful（体贴的）。 13. historical — 提示词history为名词，修饰records须用形容词historical（历史的）。 14. ambition — 提示词ambitiously为副词，定冠词the后须用名词ambition（抱负）。 15. participation — 提示词participating为现在分词，定冠词the后须用名词participation（参与）。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 从少年时代起，他的____________（抱负）就是当体育记者，尽管一次____________（商业广告）曾让他怀疑梦想。大学____________（录取）打开大门，他研读____________（历史的）记载理解比赛变迁。 ____________（最终）他面临____________（选择）：安稳的办公室工作还是热爱的冒险之路。____________（两难困境）在每种____________（情况）下愈发尖锐。____________（合格的）记者需全身心____________（参与）每个故事，____________（众多的）采访教会倾听，____________（深思的）问题能打开心扉。 【答案】 ambition; commercial; admission; historical; Ultimately; alternative; dilemma; circumstance; qualified; participation; numerous; thoughtful Part 7 关联阅读 From boyhood, Leo's ambition was to write for the sports pages, and he trained himself by reading every match report he could find. College admission gave him a place on the student newspaper, where he learned that a single commercial break could shape how fans remembered a season. He studied historical matches too, convinced that the past held the best lessons for the present. His teacher once told him that a reporter who only follows the crowd would never tell a fresh story, and that advice stayed with him for years. Every night he filed notes under his desk lamp, believing that small habits would one day grow into a career that mattered. When the evening news showed a young reporter standing in a muddy stadium, Leo knew exactly where he wanted to be. When graduation arrived, Leo faced an alternative that split his class in two. Most friends took steady jobs with offices and salaries, but he could not stop dreaming of the sideline and the roar of a stadium. The dilemma kept him awake, and under every circumstance the safe path seemed wiser. His classmates talked about pension plans and holidays, but Leo only talked about deadlines and bylines. Yet he remembered the players who had risked everything for one more game, and he chose the uncertain road. His mother worried, his father stayed silent, and only his old teacher smiled. Later that year, a small newspaper offered him a trial, and he packed his bag before the ink on the offer was dry. He proved quickly that he was qualified for the job. Full participation in every match meant arriving before the teams, interviewing players in the rain and writing until midnight. Numerous small stories built his name, and readers began to trust his calm voice. He learned that a thoughtful question at the right moment could open a shy goalkeeper, and that silence sometimes worked better than a hundred questions. Ultimately, his career was built not on luck but on the questions he asked and the respect he showed. The boy who once read reports under a lamp was now writing them for others to read. 1. What did Leo's teacher warn him about? A. Following the crowd would never tell a fresh story. B. Writing at night would ruin his health. C. Commercial breaks would distract the fans. D. Historical matches were too old to study. 2. What did most of Leo's friends choose after graduation? A. Risky jobs with uncertain futures. B. Steady jobs with offices and salaries. C. To study abroad for another degree. D. To join the student newspaper. 3. Why did Leo decide to take the uncertain road? A. The safe jobs were all taken by his friends. B. His mother encouraged him to chase his dream. C. He remembered players who had risked everything for one more game. D. A newspaper offered him a high salary. 4. What is the main lesson of the passage? A. Luck matters more than hard work in any career. B. A reporter should never interview in the rain. C. Students should always follow their parents' advice. D. A career is built on daily effort, good questions and respect for others. 【参考答案与高考标准解析】 答案：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 第1题（细节理解题·高考高频）：首段明确——"a reporter who only follows the crowd would never tell a fresh story"（只随大流的记者永远写不出新鲜故事），与A项完全对应，故选A。B项"夜间写作伤身"、C项"广告分散球迷注意"、D项"历史比赛太老不值得研究"均为无中生有。 第2题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第二段给出对照——"Most friends took steady jobs with offices and salaries"（大多数朋友选择了有办公室和薪水的稳定工作），与B项吻合，故选B。A项"有不确定未来的冒险工作"是Leo自己的选择；C项"出国深造"、D项"加入校报"均未提及。 第3题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第二段点明原因——"he remembered the players who had risked everything for one more game, and he chose the uncertain road"，Leo想起那些为多踢一场而不惜一切的球员，于是选择不确定之路，与C项一致，故选C。A项"安稳工作被朋友抢光"无依据；B项"母亲鼓励"与原文"his mother worried"矛盾；D项"高薪"与原文"a small newspaper offered him a trial"（试用的机会而非高薪）不符。 第4题（主旨大意题·高考压轴）：全文由少年抱负、两难抉择到职业成长，末段收束——"his career was built not on luck but on the questions he asked and the respect he showed"，点明职业靠日常努力、好的提问与对他人尊重而成，与D项吻合，故选D。A项"运气比努力重要"与主旨相反；B项"不该雨中采访"是细节歪曲；C项"应听从父母"与全文Leo自主选择的主线矛盾。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：ambition, commercial, admission, historical, ultimately, alternative, dilemma, circumstance, qualified, participation, numerous, thoughtful Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. His big dream was to become a famous sports reporter. → His ____________ was to become a famous sports reporter. 2. The ad for the new drink was shown on television all summer. → The ____________ for the new drink was shown on television all summer. 3. Getting into the top university took her two years of hard work. → ____________ to the top university took her two years of hard work. 4. The book records true events of the old city with great care. → The book records ____________ events of the old city with great care. 5. In the end, his choice proved to be the right one. → ____________, his choice proved to be the right one. 6. We had no other choice but to wait for the next train. → We had no ____________ but to wait for the next train. 7. He found himself in a difficult position between work and family. → He found himself in a ____________ between work and family. 8. In any case, we should keep calm and think twice. → Under no ____________ should we lose our calm. 9. She is fully fit for the position of manager. → She is fully ____________ for the position of manager. 10. Taking part in the project changed his attitude to teamwork. → ____________ in the project changed his attitude to teamwork. 11. There were many questions waiting to be answered at the meeting. → There were ____________ questions waiting to be answered at the meeting. 12. It was kind and caring of you to remember my birthday. → It was ____________ of you to remember my birthday. 【答案】 1. ambition 2. commercial 3. Admission 4. historical 5. Ultimately 6. alternative 7. dilemma 8. circumstances 9. qualified 10. Participation 11. numerous 12. thoughtful Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：ambition → commercial → admission → historical → ultimately → alternative → dilemma → circumstance → qualified → participation → numerous → thoughtful 复述模板（填空）： 少年____________（抱负）当记者，____________（广告）曾动摇梦想；大学____________（录取）开大门，研读____________（历史的）记载。 ____________（最终）面临____________（选择），____________（两难）随____________（情况）加深；____________（合格的）记者需____________（参与）每个故事，____________（众多的）采访教会倾听，____________（深思的）问题打开心扉。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：ambition; commercial; admission; historical; Ultimately; alternative; dilemma; circumstance; qualified; participation; numerous; thoughtful 复述模板参考版本： From boyhood his ambition was to be a sports reporter, and though a commercial once made him doubt, college admission opened the door to historical match reports. Ultimately he faced an alternative between a safe job and a risky dream, and the dilemma grew sharper under every circumstance. A qualified journalist needs full participation in every story; numerous interviews taught him to listen, and a thoughtful question could open any heart. 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题01【语境串考点】第一单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：ambition / commercial / admission / historical / ultimately / alternative / dilemma / circumstance / qualified / participation / numerous / thoughtful （知识点来源：选修四 Unit 1 · Looking forwards + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9 【练习题】 9 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 9 【练习题】 9 Part 7 关联阅读 9 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 10 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 11 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 From boyhood, his ambition was to be a sports reporter, though a commercial break once made him doubt that dream. College admission opened a door, and he read historical accounts of great matches to understand how the game had changed. Ultimately, he faced an alternative: to take a safe office job or to follow the risky path he loved. The dilemma grew sharper under every circumstance, yet each deadline pushed him to make up his mind. A qualified journalist needs more than skill; it takes full participation in every story. Numerous interviews taught him to listen, and a thoughtful question could open the heart of any stranger. 【中文译文】 从少年时代起，他的ambition（抱负）就是成为一名体育记者，尽管一次commercial（商业广告）插播曾让他对这个梦想产生怀疑。大学admission（录取）打开了一扇门，他阅读关于重大比赛的historical（历史的）记载，以理解比赛发生了怎样的变化。 ultimately（最终），他面临一个alternative（选择）：是接受一份安稳的办公室工作，还是追随他热爱却充满风险的道路。这个dilemma（两难困境）在每种circumstance（情况）下都变得更加尖锐，而每个截止日期都在迫使他下定决心。 一名qualified（合格的）记者需要的不仅是技巧，更要全身心participation（参与）每一个故事。numerous（大量的）采访教会他倾听，而一个thoughtful（深思的）问题能打开任何陌生人的心扉。 Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 ambition /æmˈbɪʃn/ n. 抱负，雄心 ⚡考点：the ambition to do 做…的抱负；achieve one's ambition 实现抱负；ambitious adj. 有雄心的 2 commercial /kəˈmɜːʃl/ n. 商业广告；adj. 商业的 ⚡考点：a TV commercial 电视广告；commercial value 商业价值；commerce n. 商业 3 admission /ədˈmɪʃn/ n. 准入，录取；承认 ⚡考点：admission to 进入…；college admission 大学录取；admit v. 承认；录取 4 historical /hɪˈstɒrɪkl/ adj. 历史的，历史性的 ⚡考点：historical records 历史记载；a historical figure 历史人物；history n. 历史 5 ultimately /ˈʌltɪmətli/ adv. 最终，归根结底 ⚡考点：ultimately decide 最终决定；ultimate adj. 最终的；at last 近义 6 alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ n. 可供选择的事物；adj. 供替代的 ⚡考点：have no alternative but to do 别无选择只能做；an alternative plan 备选方案 7 dilemma /dɪˈlemə/ n. 困境，进退两难 ⚡考点：be caught in a dilemma 陷入两难；face a dilemma 面临困境；a moral dilemma 道德困境 8 circumstance /ˈsɜːkəmstəns/ n. 情况，环境 ⚡考点：under/in no circumstances 决不（倒装）；in the circumstances 在这种情况下 9 qualified /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/ adj. 合格的，有资格的 ⚡考点：be qualified for 胜任；be qualified to do 有资格做；qualify v. 使合格 10 participation /pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃn/ n. 参与，参加 ⚡考点：participation in 参与；full participation 全身心参与；participate v. 参加 11 numerous /ˈnjuːmərəs/ adj. 许多的，众多的 ⚡考点：numerous opportunities 众多机会；a numerous audience 大批观众；number n. 数量 12 thoughtful /ˈθɔːtfl/ adj. 体贴的；深思的 ⚡考点：be thoughtful of sb. 体贴某人；a thoughtful question 深思熟虑的问题；thought n. 想法 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. ambition /æmˈbɪʃn/ n. 抱负，雄心 【核心考点】 ambition是人物类与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①抱负，雄心——the ambition to do sth.（做某事的抱负）、achieve one's ambition（实现抱负）、full of ambition（充满雄心）；②野心（贬义）——political ambition（政治野心）。派生词：ambitious adj. 有雄心的→ be ambitious to do（渴望做）；ambitiously adv. 有雄心地。辨析：ambition（抱负/野心，驱动性强）vs goal（目标，具体）vs dream（梦想，美好但不一定实现）vs desire（渴望）。写作金句：Ambition is the engine of a life, but it must be steered by values, not by noise（抱负是人生的引擎，但须由价值观而非喧嚣来掌舵）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语ambitio"四处奔走拉选票"（amb-"周围"+ire"走"）→ 为求官职奔走→ 野心/抱负。联想：amb"周围"→ ambition（抱负）、ambience（氛围）、ambassador（大使）。记住：ambition = 为理想奔走的劲头。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：ambition在阅读中常见褒义"抱负"（a life ambition人生抱负），也可表贬义"野心"（an ambition for power），须据语境色彩判断褒贬。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"From boyhood, his ambition was to be a sports reporter, and every late-night broadcast reminded him why he had started."（从少年时代起，他的抱负就是成为一名体育记者，每一次深夜播报都提醒他当初为何出发。）（经典原句·ambition 抱负） 【搭配词块】 the ambition to do 做…的抱负 / achieve one's ambition 实现抱负 / ambitious adj. 有雄心的 / be ambitious to do 渴望做 2. commercial /kəˈmɜːʃl/ n. 商业广告；adj. 商业的 【核心考点】 commercial是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频名词/形容词。用法要点：①（名词）商业广告——a TV commercial（电视广告）、a commercial for a company（某公司的广告）——此义是2021新高考II卷语法填空真题考点；②（形容词）商业的——commercial value（商业价值）、commercial centre（商业中心）。派生词：commerce n. 商业，贸易；commercialize v. 使商业化；commercially adv. 商业上。辨析：commercial（广告/商业的）vs advertisement（广告，最通用）vs business（生意）vs trade（贸易）。写作金句：A single clever commercial can change a habit, but only a true story can change a mind（一条巧妙的广告能改变习惯，但唯有真实的故事能改变想法）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语commercium"贸易"（com-"共同"+merx"商品"）→ 商业。联想：merc"商品"→ commercial（商业的）、merchant（商人）、market（市场）。记住：com + merc = 共同交易。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：commercial作名词"广告"是高频熟词生义考点，如I saw a commercial for a health-care company（我看到一家医疗保健公司的广告），名词读音重音在第二个音节。 【真题原句】 （2021新高考II卷·语法填空真题）"One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company."（有一天，我看到一家医疗保健公司的广告。）（真题原句·commercial 商业广告，名词） 【搭配词块】 a TV commercial 电视广告 / commercial value 商业价值 / commerce n. 商业 / commercialize v. 使商业化 3. admission /ədˈmɪʃn/ n. 准入，录取；承认 【核心考点】 admission是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①准入，录取——admission to the university（大学录取）、college admission（大学录取）、free admission（免费入场）；②承认——make an admission（承认）、an admission of guilt（认罪）。派生词：admit v. 承认；准许进入→ be admitted to（被…录取/接纳）——语法填空高频；admissible adj. 可接受的。辨析：admission（准入权/承认）vs permission（许可）vs entrance（入口/进入）vs entry（进入/条目）。写作金句：Admission to a dream school is only a ticket; the journey still has to be walked（进入梦想学校的录取通知书只是一张票，路仍需自己走）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语admittere"允许进入"（ad-"向"+mittere"送"）→ 送入→ 准入。联想：mit"送"→ admit（承认；录取）、mission（使命）、transmit（传输）。记住：ad + mit = 放进来。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：admission常与介词to连用表"被…录取"，如admission to the genius club（进入"天才俱乐部"的资格，2021全国甲卷原句）；动词形式admit后接to+doing表"承认做了"。 【真题原句】 （2021全国甲卷·阅读真题）"It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club."（据说历史由胜利者书写，而这些胜利者设定了进入"天才俱乐部"的准入标准。）（真题原句·admission 准入、资格） 【搭配词块】 admission to 进入… / college admission 大学录取 / free admission 免费入场 / be admitted to 被…录取 4. historical /hɪˈstɒrɪkl/ adj. 历史的，历史性的 【核心考点】 historical是文化类与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①历史的，与历史有关的——historical records（历史记载）、a historical figure（历史人物）、historical buildings（历史建筑）；②历史性的——a historical moment（历史性时刻）。辨析（高频考点）：historical（与历史有关的，客观）vs historic（具有历史意义的，重要）——a historic event（划时代事件）vs a historical novel（历史小说）。派生词：history n. 历史；historically adv. 在历史上。写作金句：Historical buildings are letters from the past, and a city that reads them keeps its memory alive（历史建筑是来自过去的信件，读懂它们的城市才能保持记忆鲜活）。 【词根联想】 希腊语historia"探究，知识"（histor"智者"）→ 历史。联想：histor"探究"→ history（历史）、historian（历史学家）、prehistoric（史前的）。记住：historical = 探究过往的。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：historical与historic的区别是高考高频辨析题——historical强调"与历史相关的"，historic强调"有历史意义的"，如historical buildings of the past（过去的历史建筑，2022全国甲卷语法填空原句）用historical。 【真题原句】 （2022全国甲卷·语法填空真题）"It is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past."（北京承载着三千多年的辉煌历史，二十一世纪的建筑奇观与历史建筑比肩而立。）（真题原句·historical 历史的） 【搭配词块】 historical records 历史记载 / a historical figure 历史人物 / historical buildings 历史建筑 / historic adj. 有历史意义的 5. ultimately /ˈʌltɪmətli/ adv. 最终，归根结底 【核心考点】 ultimately是议论文与说明文语篇的高频副词。用法要点：①最终，最后——Ultimately, he chose the risky path（最终，他选择了冒险之路）——常置于句首作评注性状语；②归根结底——Ultimately, what matters is attitude（归根结底，重要的是态度）。派生词：ultimate adj. 最终的→ the ultimate goal（最终目标）；ultimatum n. 最后通牒。辨析：ultimately（最终，强调过程终点）vs eventually（最终，强调迟早发生）vs finally（最后，列举/结束）vs in the end（最终，口语）。写作金句：Ultimately, it is not the choices we regret but the choices we never made（归根结底，让我们后悔的不是做出的选择，而是从未做出的选择）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语ultimus"最远的"（ulter"那一边"）→ 最末端→ 最终。联想：ultim"最末"→ ultimate（最终的）、ultimatum（最后通牒）。记住：ultimately = 走到尽头处。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：ultimately常出现在"先举反例、后作结论"的议论文结构中，为态度判断题的标志词，如Ultimately, success came little by little（最终，成功一点点到来）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Ultimately, he chose the risky path he loved, because a quiet life had never been the point."（最终，他选择了所爱的冒险之路，因为安稳平淡从来不是目的。）（经典原句·ultimately 最终） 【搭配词块】 ultimately decide 最终决定 / ultimate adj. 最终的 / the ultimate goal 最终目标 / in the end 最终 6. alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ n. 可供选择的事物；adj. 供替代的 【核心考点】 alternative是议论文与说明文语篇的高频名词/形容词。用法要点：①（名词）可供选择的事物——have no alternative but to do（别无选择只能做）、an alternative to（…的替代方案）；②（形容词）供替代的——alternative energy（替代能源）、an alternative plan（备选方案）。派生词：alternate v. 交替；alternatively adv. 或者，要不。辨析：alternative（两者择一的选择）vs choice（选择，最通用）vs option（选项）vs substitute（替代品）。写作金句：Every refusal is simply a doorway to an alternative road, and the road you fear is often the one you need（每一次拒绝都不过是通往另一条路的大门，而你害怕的那条路往往正是你需要的）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语alternare"交替"（alter"另一个"）→ 另一个→ 可选择项。联想：alter"另一个"→ alternative（替代方案）、alter（改变）、alternate（交替）。记住：alter + native = 另一个选项。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：alternative作名词表"替代方案"，固定搭配have no alternative but to do（别无选择只能做）是写作与语法填空高频考点；作形容词常见于alternative energy（替代能源）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"She had no alternative but to leave the city she loved, yet a new chapter was waiting."（她别无选择，只能离开深爱的城市，然而新的一章正在等待。）（经典原句·alternative 选择、替代方案） 【搭配词块】 have no alternative but to do 别无选择只能做 / an alternative to …的替代 / alternative energy 替代能源 / alternatively adv. 或者 7. dilemma /dɪˈlemə/ n. 困境，进退两难 【核心考点】 dilemma是记叙文与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①两难困境——be caught in a dilemma（陷入两难）、face a dilemma（面临困境）、a moral dilemma（道德困境）；②搭配动词——resolve/solve a dilemma（解决困境）。注意拼写：di（二）+ lemma（前提），双写l。辨析：dilemma（进退两难的抉择困境）vs difficulty（困难）vs problem（问题）vs trouble（麻烦）。写作金句：A dilemma is a gift in disguise, for it forces us to discover what we truly value（困境是化了妆的礼物，因为它逼我们发现自己真正珍视什么）。 【词根联想】 希腊语dilemma"双重命题"（di-"二"+lemma"命题"）→ 两面都对→ 两难。联想：di"二"→ dilemma（两难）、dialogue（对话）、divide（分开）。记住：di + lemma = 两个选择都成立的难题。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：dilemma常与catch/find搭配，be caught in a dilemma（陷入两难）为高频词组；近义表达between a rock and a hard place（进退维谷）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The young man was caught in a dilemma: a safe salary or a dream that might never pay off."（年轻人陷入了两难：一份安稳的薪水，还是一个或许永远无法回报的梦想。）（经典原句·dilemma 两难困境） 【搭配词块】 be caught in a dilemma 陷入两难 / face a dilemma 面临困境 / a moral dilemma 道德困境 / resolve a dilemma 解决困境 8. circumstance /ˈsɜːkəmstəns/ n. 情况，环境 【核心考点】 circumstance是说明文与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①情况，环境——under/in the circumstances（在这种情况下）、under no circumstances（决不，置于句首时句子倒装——语法填空与写作高频考点）；②复数circumstances表"处境、境况"。辨析：circumstance（外部情况/环境）vs condition（条件/状况）vs situation（局面）vs environment（自然环境/社会环境）。写作金句：Under no circumstances should we allow fear to choose our future for us（在任何情况下我们都不该让恐惧替我们选择未来）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语circumstantia"围绕之物"（circum-"周围"+stare"站"）→ 站在周围的事物→ 环境。联想：circum"周围"→ circumstance（情况）、circumference（周长）、circumnavigate（环航）。记住：circum + stance = 周围站着的状况。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：under no circumstances（决不）置于句首时主句须用部分倒装，如Under no circumstances should you give up（你决不应该放弃），此倒装结构为高考语法填空与改错高频考点。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Under no circumstances should you give up your dream, for every difficulty is a doorway."（你决不应该放弃梦想，因为每个困难都是一扇门。）（经典原句·circumstance 情况、环境） 【搭配词块】 under/in no circumstances 决不（倒装） / in the circumstances 在这种情况下 / adverse circumstances 逆境 / circumstances permit 情况允许 9. qualified /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/ adj. 合格的，有资格的 【核心考点】 qualified是人物类与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①合格的，有资格的——be qualified for the job（胜任这份工作）、be qualified to do（有资格做）；②a qualified teacher（合格教师）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：qualify v. 使合格→ qualify for（有…的资格）；qualification n. 资格，资历→ qualifications for（…的资格）；qualifier n. 预选赛。辨析：qualified（有资格的，经训练/考试）vs capable（有能力的）vs competent（称职的）vs eligible（符合条件的）。写作金句：A qualified journalist needs more than skill; it takes full participation in every story（一名合格的记者需要的不仅是技巧，更要全身心投入每一个故事）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语qualis"何种"→ 达到何种标准→ 合格。联想：qual"性质/标准"→ qualify（使合格）、quality（质量）、qualification（资格）。记住：qual + ified = 达到标准的。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：qualified后可接for+名词或to do，be qualified for the job（胜任工作）为高频搭配；其动词qualify在语法填空中常考qualify for/qualifies（第三人称单数）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Only a qualified doctor can make such a judgment, for experience speaks louder than guesses."（只有合格的医生才能作出这样的判断，因为经验比猜测更有说服力。）（经典原句·qualified 合格的） 【搭配词块】 be qualified for 胜任 / be qualified to do 有资格做 / qualify for 有…的资格 / qualification n. 资格 10. participation /pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃn/ n. 参与，参加 【核心考点】 participation是说明文与活动类语篇的高频名词（不可数）。用法要点：①参与，参加——participation in（参与…）、full participation（全身心参与）、active participation（积极参与）；②搭配动词——encourage participation（鼓励参与）。派生词：participate v. 参加→ participate in（参加）；participant n. 参与者；participatory adj. 参与式的。辨析：participation（参与活动/项目）vs attendance（出席）vs involvement（卷入，介入）vs membership（会员身份）。写作金句：Full participation in every story is what turns a reporter into a witness, and a witness into a voice（全身心投入每个故事，才能让记者成为见证者，让见证者成为发声者）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语participare"分享，分得一份"（pars"部分"+capere"取"）→ 取得一份→ 参与。联想：part"部分"+cip"取"→ participate（参与）、particle（微粒）。记住：part + cip = 分得一份。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：participation后接介词in，participate in（参加）是固定搭配；其反义为absence（缺席），阅读中常以"active participation vs passive watching"对举。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Full participation in class discussions builds confidence, and confidence builds character."（全身心参与课堂讨论能建立自信，而自信塑造品格。）（经典原句·participation 参与） 【搭配词块】 participation in 参与… / full participation 全身心参与 / active participation 积极参与 / participate in 参加 11. numerous /ˈnjuːmərəs/ adj. 许多的，众多的 【核心考点】 numerous是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频形容词（正式，修饰复数名词）。用法要点：①许多的——numerous opportunities（众多机会）、numerous interviews（大量采访）；②numerous + 复数名词，相当于many，但更正式；③be numerous in（在某方面众多）。派生词：number n. 数量；numerousness n. 众多。辨析：numerous（许多的，正式书面）vs many（许多，最通用）vs countless（无数的，强调不可数）vs numerous与a number of（大量的）。写作金句：Numerous small kindnesses build a community, just as countless drops build a river（无数微小的善意筑成社区，正如无数水滴汇成江河）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语numerosus"众多的"（numerus"数"）→ 数量多的。联想：numer"数"→ numerous（众多的）、number（数字）、numerable（可数的）、innumerable（无数的）。记住：numer + ous = 数不过来的。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：numerous只能修饰复数可数名词，不能修饰不可数名词；阅读中常与a variety of、a great many构成同义替换，为词汇猜测题的干扰项来源。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Numerous interviews taught him to listen, and a thoughtful question could open any stranger's heart."（大量的采访教会他倾听，而一个深思熟虑的问题能打开任何陌生人的心扉。）（经典原句·numerous 众多的） 【搭配词块】 numerous opportunities 众多机会 / numerous interviews 大量采访 / a great many 大量 / number n. 数量 12. thoughtful /ˈθɔːtfl/ adj. 体贴的；深思的 【核心考点】 thoughtful是人物类与记叙文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①体贴的，周到的——be thoughtful of sb.（体贴某人）、a thoughtful gift（贴心的礼物）；②深思的，沉思的——a thoughtful expression（深思的表情）、a thoughtful question（深思熟虑的问题）。派生词：thought n. 想法；thoughtfully adv. 体贴地；thoughtfulness n. 体贴。辨析：thoughtful（体贴/深思）vs considerate（体贴的，多为他人着想）vs caring（关心人的）vs thoughtful与deliberate（故意的）。写作金句：A thoughtful question can open the heart of any stranger, for it says: I see you（一个深思熟虑的问题能打开任何陌生人的心扉，因为它在说：我看见了你）。 【词根联想】 thought"思想"（think的过去分词）+ -ful"充满"→ 满含思想的→ 深思的/体贴的。联想：think"想"→ thought（想法）、thoughtful（深思的）、thoughtless（轻率的）。记住：thought + ful = 心思满满。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：thoughtful兼表"体贴的"与"深思的"两义，2022全国乙卷阅读原句a thoughtful young businessman（一位深思的年轻商人）用后者；be thoughtful of sb.表"体贴某人"。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A thoughtful question can open the heart of any stranger, for it says more than a thousand words."（一个深思熟虑的问题能打开任何陌生人的心扉，因为它胜过千言万语。）（经典原句·thoughtful 深思的） 【搭配词块】 be thoughtful of sb. 体贴某人 / a thoughtful question 深思的问题 / thoughtfully adv. 体贴地 / thought n. 想法 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 ambition ambitious (adj.) ambitiously (adv.) --- the ambition to do / achieve one's ambition commercial commerce (n.) commercialize (v.) commercially (adv.) a TV commercial / commercial value admission admit (v.) admitted (v.过去式) admissible (adj.) admission to / be admitted to historical history (n.) historian (n.) historically (adv.) historical records / historic (adj.有历史意义的) ultimately ultimate (adj.) ultimatum (n.) --- ultimately decide / the ultimate goal alternative alternate (v.) alternatively (adv.) --- have no alternative but to do / an alternative plan dilemma --- --- --- be caught in a dilemma / a moral dilemma circumstance circumstantial (adj.) --- --- under no circumstances / in the circumstances qualified qualify (v.) qualification (n.) qualifier (n.) be qualified for / qualify for participation participate (v.) participant (n.) participatory (adj.) participation in / participate in numerous number (n.) innumerable (adj.) --- numerous opportunities / a great many thoughtful thought (n.) thoughtfully (adv.) thoughtless (adj.) be thoughtful of sb. / a thoughtful question Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2021新高考II卷·语法填空·改编）One day, I saw a ____________ (commerce) for a health-care company. 2.（2021全国甲卷·阅读·改编）The victors set the standards for ____________ (admit) to the genius club. 3.（2022全国甲卷·语法填空·改编）New buildings stand side by side with ____________ (history) ones of the past. 4.（2026山东济南·模拟）His childhood ____________ (ambitious) was to become a sports reporter. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）____________ (ultimate), he chose the risky path he truly loved. 6.（2026江苏南京·模拟）She had no ____________ (alternately) but to accept the offer. 7.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The young man was caught in a ____________ (dilemmas) over his future career. 8.（2026四川成都·模拟）Under no ____________ (circumstantial) should you give up your dream. 9.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）She is well ____________ (qualification) for the demanding job. 10.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）Full ____________ (participate) in class discussions builds confidence. 11.（2026福建厦门·模拟）____________ (number) volunteers joined the planting activity this spring. 12.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）It was ____________ (thought) of you to ask about her health. 13.（2026陕西西安·模拟）The exhibition provides ____________ (history) records of the old town. 14.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）He has the ____________ (ambitiously) to change the whole industry. 15.（2026河南郑州·模拟）The plan needs the ____________ (participating) of the whole community. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 从少年时代起，他的____________（抱负）就是当体育记者，尽管一次____________（商业广告）曾让他怀疑梦想。大学____________（录取）打开大门，他研读____________（历史的）记载理解比赛变迁。 ____________（最终）他面临____________（选择）：安稳的办公室工作还是热爱的冒险之路。____________（两难困境）在每种____________（情况）下愈发尖锐。____________（合格的）记者需全身心____________（参与）每个故事，____________（众多的）采访教会倾听，____________（深思的）问题能打开心扉。 Part 7 关联阅读 From boyhood, Leo's ambition was to write for the sports pages, and he trained himself by reading every match report he could find. College admission gave him a place on the student newspaper, where he learned that a single commercial break could shape how fans remembered a season. He studied historical matches too, convinced that the past held the best lessons for the present. His teacher once told him that a reporter who only follows the crowd would never tell a fresh story, and that advice stayed with him for years. Every night he filed notes under his desk lamp, believing that small habits would one day grow into a career that mattered. When the evening news showed a young reporter standing in a muddy stadium, Leo knew exactly where he wanted to be. When graduation arrived, Leo faced an alternative that split his class in two. Most friends took steady jobs with offices and salaries, but he could not stop dreaming of the sideline and the roar of a stadium. The dilemma kept him awake, and under every circumstance the safe path seemed wiser. His classmates talked about pension plans and holidays, but Leo only talked about deadlines and bylines. Yet he remembered the players who had risked everything for one more game, and he chose the uncertain road. His mother worried, his father stayed silent, and only his old teacher smiled. Later that year, a small newspaper offered him a trial, and he packed his bag before the ink on the offer was dry. He proved quickly that he was qualified for the job. Full participation in every match meant arriving before the teams, interviewing players in the rain and writing until midnight. Numerous small stories built his name, and readers began to trust his calm voice. He learned that a thoughtful question at the right moment could open a shy goalkeeper, and that silence sometimes worked better than a hundred questions. Ultimately, his career was built not on luck but on the questions he asked and the respect he showed. The boy who once read reports under a lamp was now writing them for others to read. 1. What did Leo's teacher warn him about? A. Following the crowd would never tell a fresh story. B. Writing at night would ruin his health. C. Commercial breaks would distract the fans. D. Historical matches were too old to study. 2. What did most of Leo's friends choose after graduation? A. Risky jobs with uncertain futures. B. Steady jobs with offices and salaries. C. To study abroad for another degree. D. To join the student newspaper. 3. Why did Leo decide to take the uncertain road? A. The safe jobs were all taken by his friends. B. His mother encouraged him to chase his dream. C. He remembered players who had risked everything for one more game. D. A newspaper offered him a high salary. 4. What is the main lesson of the passage? A. Luck matters more than hard work in any career. B. A reporter should never interview in the rain. C. Students should always follow their parents' advice. D. A career is built on daily effort, good questions and respect for others. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：ambition, commercial, admission, historical, ultimately, alternative, dilemma, circumstance, qualified, participation, numerous, thoughtful Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. His big dream was to become a famous sports reporter. → His ____________ was to become a famous sports reporter. 2. The ad for the new drink was shown on television all summer. → The ____________ for the new drink was shown on television all summer. 3. Getting into the top university took her two years of hard work. → ____________ to the top university took her two years of hard work. 4. The book records true events of the old city with great care. → The book records ____________ events of the old city with great care. 5. In the end, his choice proved to be the right one. → ____________, his choice proved to be the right one. 6. We had no other choice but to wait for the next train. → We had no ____________ but to wait for the next train. 7. He found himself in a difficult position between work and family. → He found himself in a ____________ between work and family. 8. In any case, we should keep calm and think twice. → Under no ____________ should we lose our calm. 9. She is fully fit for the position of manager. → She is fully ____________ for the position of manager. 10. Taking part in the project changed his attitude to teamwork. → ____________ in the project changed his attitude to teamwork. 11. There were many questions waiting to be answered at the meeting. → There were ____________ questions waiting to be answered at the meeting. 12. It was kind and caring of you to remember my birthday. → It was ____________ of you to remember my birthday. Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：ambition → commercial → admission → historical → ultimately → alternative → dilemma → circumstance → qualified → participation → numerous → thoughtful 复述模板（填空）： 少年____________（抱负）当记者，____________（广告）曾动摇梦想；大学____________（录取）开大门，研读____________（历史的）记载。 ____________（最终）面临____________（选择），____________（两难）随____________（情况）加深；____________（合格的）记者需____________（参与）每个故事，____________（众多的）采访教会倾听，____________（深思的）问题打开心扉。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $