UNIT 6 Section Ⅳ Lesson 3 The Advertising Game（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（北师大版·新教材）

本讲义围绕“广告的发展”核心知识点，通过“速读—整体理解文意”“细读—深度获取细节”“读后—课文语法填空”三步学习支架，系统梳理广告类型、不同时期推广方式及作者态度等脉络，配套图表辅助理解篇章结构。 该资料以分层任务设计为特色，整合词汇拓展（如attract派生词）、语法点（部分否定、used to/would用法）及语篇阅读训练，提升学生语言能力与思维品质。实例丰富，如语法填空中动词形式变化、阅读理解推理题，课中助力教师高效授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

Section Ⅳ　Lesson 3　The Advertising Game Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．The definition of advertisements. B．Different types of advertisements. C．The development of advertisements. D．Different attitudes towards advertisements. 答案　C Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What is the text type of the passage? A．Narration. B．News report. C．Explanatory writing. D．Argumentative essay. 答案　C 2．How did advertisers promote a product in the past? A．By giving information about the product and company. B．By forcing consumers without hesitation. C．By using a high standard of visual design. D．By destroying the advertisements of others. 答案　A 3．What is the best way to sell a product now? A．To make a contribution to society and welfare. B．To increase public knowledge about hot topics. C．To encourage citizens to participate in promotion. D．To make consumers forget they’re being persuaded. 答案　D 4．What are some public advertisements made to do nowadays? A．To encourage people to help other people. B．To encourage people to protect the environment. C．To encourage people to improve their neighbourhood. D．All the above are possible. 答案　D 5．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to advertisements? A．Skeptical. B．Admirable. C．Objective. D．Critical. 答案　C Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Commercial advertisements have gone through changes because of the developments of society，economy and technology. Classic ads used to give information about finding certain products.Effective as they were，they mightn’t be 1.suitable(suit) for the new marketplace.It’s normal to see ads 2.consisting(consist) of pictures or words from experts to show people how good the product is in order to hold people’s attention.Moreover，some ads apply modern design techniques to make the ads 3.visually(visual) attractive. With the development of advertising，modern ads combine the 4.highest(high) standard of design with creative ways like using different 5.concepts(concept)，making them stand out in 6.a world of competition.Today’s top advertisers make people notice their products by using humour as well as new and unusual ideas，aiming to create something 7.that has never been seen before. However，not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.Public ads encourage citizens 8.to participate(participate) in improving their neighbourhood，protecting the environment and helping other people.Having been sponsored by the government to educate the public 9.on fighting AIDS，saving water，etc.，public ads help to increase public knowledge about topics that used to 10.be ignored(ignore) by most people. 1．The advertising industry started with the fundamental purpose of promoting and selling goods to people who might need them.(P58 Para.1) 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。句子的主语为 The advertising industry，谓语动词为started，who引导定语从句。 汉语翻译：广告业的根本目的是向潜在消费者推销商品。 2．It was likely to be(be) the name of a company，part of which might include the name of the place from which the product originated.(P58 Para.2) 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。part of which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the name；from which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the place。 汉语翻译：这些信息可能是公司名，其中一部分可能包含产品的原产地。 3．From the name you would know what the company sells，where they are located(locate)，and the name of the product.(P58 Para.2) 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。what和where均引导宾语从句。 汉语翻译：一看名字，你就知道这些公司销售的具体产品、所在地点以及产品名称。 4．But then they realised that it might not be suitable(suit) for a marketplace where products and services are in direct competition(compete) with each other.(P58 Para.3) 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。主语是they，realised作谓语，that引导宾语从句，where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a marketplace。 汉语翻译：但后来他们意识到，在产品与服务直接竞争的市场上，这种广告类型可能不太适合。 5．To stand out in a world of competitive(compete) advertising，they must combine the highest standard of design with creative ways (way) to make people believe that they “must have the product”．(P59 Para.4) 结构分析：本句为主从复合句，其中that引导宾语从句。To stand out in a world of...和to make people believe...均是不定式短语作目的状语。 汉语翻译：为了在竞争激烈的广告界凸显出来，他们必须将最高水准的设计与创造性的方法结合起来，使人们确信他们“必须购买这种产品”。 6．They realise that it does not matter how attractive the idea linked with the product is—most people know and anticipate that the main purpose of the advertisement is to make(make) customers buy the product.(P59 Para.5) 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。句中两个that都引导宾语从句；第一个that从句中，it为形式主语，how引导主语从句；第二个that从句为主系表结构。 汉语翻译：他们意识到与产品关联的理念有多么吸引人并不重要——大多数人都明白，广告的主要目的就是让客户购买产品。 7．Their aim is to create(create) something that has never been seen before and that people find interesting.(P59 Para.5) 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。两个that均引导定语从句，修饰先行词something；第一个从句中，that作主语，第二个从句中，that作宾语。 汉语翻译：他们的目的是创造一些人们从未见过的东西，从而让人们觉得有趣。 8．These advertisements have helped to increase public knowledge about topics that used to be ignored(ignore) by most people，and this has made our society a better place for everyone.(P59 Para.6) 结构分析：本句为并列复合句。句中and连接两个并列分句；第一个分句中含有一个that引导的定语从句，第二个分句中a better place作宾语补足语。 汉语翻译：这些广告帮助公众增强对以往被忽视话题的公共认知，也让我们的社会更加美好。 attract vt.吸引(attractive adj.吸引人的；引人注目的attraction n．吸引，吸引力；吸引人的事物) ·be attracted by被……所吸引 ·have no/little/much attraction for sb 对某人没有/几乎没有/有很大吸引力 (1)As one of the most attractive places，Mount Wuyi attracts millions of tourists each year，and one of its famous tourist attractions is the Nine Bend River.(attract) [写作佳句] (2)The girl from London was attracted by the exceptionally beautiful scenery and she decided to spend another two days on the farm.(用过去分词短语作状语改写) →Attracted by the exceptionally beautiful scenery，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. (3)(应用文写作之建议信)我建议去杭州游览西湖，一个著名的旅游景点，它会令你惊叹。 I suggest going to Hangzhou to visit the West Lake, a well-known tourist attraction，which will take your breath away. competitive adj.竞争性强的，有竞争力的(compete vi.比赛，竞争competitor n．参赛者；对手competition n．比赛) compete in...在某一方面竞争；参加……比赛 compete for...为……而竞争 compete with/against...与……竞争 (1)As the youngest competitor，she competed in the women’s 10-meter platform diving with/against others for gold medals.So she must be very competitive so that she could win.(用合适的词或compete的适当形式填空) [写作佳句] (2)如果天气允许，将在我校体育馆举行的这场比赛将于下午2点开始，持续约3小时。 Weather permitting，the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 p．m.and last for roughly 3 hours. combine vi.& vt.(使)结合；(使)组合(combination n．结合，联合) ·combine...with/and...把……与……结合起来 ·in combination with与……联合；与……共谋 (1)An ideal job should be one that combines what you are good at with/and what you are interested in. (2)To people’s surprise，he carried on the business in combination(combine) with the same agent. [写作佳句] (3)(话题写作之景点介绍)泰山是文化和自然景观的完美结合，每年吸引数百万游客。 Mount Tai，a perfect combination of culture and natural landscapes，attracts millions of tourists each year. participate vi.参加，参与(participant n．参与者，参加者 participation n．参加；参与) participate with sb in sth 与某人分担某事；同某人一起参与某事 participate in (doing) sth 参与(做)某事 (1)Encouraged by the educator，the participants actively participated in the English speech contest.Their participation inspired the rest of the class to study hard.(participate) [写作佳句] (2)(应用文写作之邀请信)为了提高户外活动的参与度，我们学校将于9月10日组织一项活动——攀登泰山。我写信真诚地邀请你与我们一起参加这个活动。 In order to increase participation in outdoor activities，our school will organize an activity—climbing Mountain Tai on September 10.I am writing to sincerely invite you to participate with us in the activity. 部分否定 However，not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.(P59 Para.6) 然而，并非所有的广告都是以盈利为目的销售产品与服务。 结构分析：此句话为简单句，not all 意为“并非全部”，为部分否定。 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————·部分否定：否定词not与both，all，every，each，everybody，everything等不定代词或限定词连用，意为“不都是，并非都”。 not both/all/every/each/everybody/everything/...＝both/all/every/each/everybody/everything/...not... ·完全否定：常用no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one等表示。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)事实上，不是每个人都能在机会出现在我们面前时抓住它。 As a matter of fact，not everyone can/everyone can not seize a chance when it appears before us. (2)让这位母亲痛苦的是，她的两个儿子都不喜欢和别人说话。 What makes the mother painful is that neither of her sons likes talking with others. (3)并非所有的学生都乐意参加这次越野赛。 Not all the students are willing to participate in this cross-country running race. 阅读以下短文，感知黑体部分的用法，并完成后面的小题 When I was in Hunan，I ①used to/would go sailing on the lake in summer with my parents.When my parents were busy with their work，my grandmother ②would take care of me.My best friend Robert，who ③used to play a lot of football，④used to/would come to have a chat with us when he was free.We ⑤would always help our parents with the housework.We lived a happy life. 1．would和used to都可用来表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作，常常可以换用，如①④。 2．used to表示“过去常常”，暗含“现在不再……了”的意思，强调今昔对比，这时不能和would互换，如③。 3．would表示过去经常发生的事，不含“过去如此，现在不再这样”的意味，如②⑤。 used to和would 一、共同点 1．would和used to都可用来表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作，常常可以换用。 2．would和used to都不能用来表示动作发生的具体频度或具体的时长。 When we were boys，we used to/would go for an outing every spring. 小时候，每到春天我们都要去郊游。 When I was young I used to/would get up early. 我年轻时经常早起。 二、不同点 1．used to表示“过去常常”，暗含“现在不再……了”的意思，强调今昔对比。would只表示过去情况，与现在无关，只表示说话人对过去事实的回顾和陈述，不含有“过去如此，现在不再这样”的意味。 2．would表示反复发生的动作。如果某一动作没有反复就不能用would，只能用used to。 3．used to还可与be动词连用，表示过去的状态，而would则不可以。 4．used to本身就指过去的习惯性动作或状态，所以通常不与often，frequently，sometimes等连用；而would则往往带有这些状语。 He would go to the park as soon as he was free.过去，他总是一有空就去公园。(现在有可能还去) He was so busy that he would work into the night.他过去很忙，以至于总是工作到深夜。(具有反复性) I used to live in a flat.我过去住在一套公寓房里。(没有反复性) She used to be a quiet girl. 她以前是个文静的女孩。 不可以说：She would be a quiet girl. Often in holidays，he would go to some places of interest. 过去，他通常会在假期去参观一些名胜古迹。 He would sometimes sit alone，deep in thought. 过去，他有时候独自坐着陷入沉思。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空(用 used to或would填空) 1．He has got promoted to CEO of the firm，and therefore，he isn’t what he used to be. 2．I used to live in Manchester with my grandparents，but I moved to London last year. 3．He was such a kind old man that his children would come and visit him every day. 4．When he was available，he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. 5．At some point，these kids start doing things they used to do；therefore，they get more independent. 6．My primary school teachers wouldn’t(not) give us any homework but they would teach us a lot in class. 7．Mr Smith used to watch tasteless TV talk shows all day before he lost his sight. 8．When I lived in the small town，I would often pay a visit to Aunt Emma. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．坦尼娅以前无家可归，在街上乞讨。 Tanya used to be homeless and beg for money in the street. 2．他有空时，常会过来跟我们聊天。 He would come to have a chat with us when he was free. 3．他过去常住在河边的一座小屋里。 He used to live in a cottage near the river. 4．人们过去相信太阳绕地球转。 People used to believe that the sun went around the earth. 5．他筹集的钱被用来为小镇建立一座图书馆。 The money he raised was used to set up a library for the town. Ⅲ.用used to或would完成语段 Once upon a time，Mr Smith 1.used to live in a comfortable old house facing south.However，he 2.used to ignore everything that broke in his house.He never 3.used to fix up the house，so the house fell down in the end.After moving to a new house in town，he 4.would thoroughly sweep the house every week，and take more care of everything.He was so busy that he was no longer what he 5.used to be. 训练4　Lesson 3 [分值：62.5分] Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分) 1．广告由商业广告和公益广告(public advertisement)组成。(consist of) Advertisements consist of commercial advertisements and public advertisements. 2．所以并非所有的广告都是为了向人们推广或销售商品。(部分否定) So not all the advertisements are/all the advertisements are not to promote or sell goods to people. 3．一些公益广告旨在鼓励人们参加一些活动，像抵抗艾滋病、节约用水等。(participate in) Some public advertisements aim to encourage people to participate in some campaigns like fighting AIDS，saving water and so on. 4．随着社会的发展，我们目睹了这些年广告业的巨大变化。(witness) With the development of society，we have witnessed great changes in advertising industry over the years. 5．一些广告用幽默和其他一些不同寻常的方式去吸引人们的注意力。(attract) Some advertisements use humour and other unusual ways to attract people’s attention. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 参考范文 Advertisements consist of commercial advertisements and public advertisements.So not all the advertisements are to promote or sell goods to people.Some public advertisements aim to encourage people to participate in some campaigns like fighting AIDS，saving water and so on.With the development of society，we have witnessed great changes in advertising industry over the years.What’s more，some advertisements use humour and other unusual ways to attract people’s attention. Ⅱ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2025·湖南长沙高二上期中) Hardly a day goes by without a company telling us in its beautifully crafted advertising how much it contributes to the environment on our behalf.In fact，they fail to make enough investment in renewable or alternative energy sources.Statistics are made up，and the tiniest ecological improvements are overstated in multi-million-dollar advertising campaigns，while in the meantime the greedy side of the business continues. This is known as greenwashing，which means “making things that are not green look green”．As the public’s environmental awareness grew，so too did the experience of corporate public relations strategies，and advertisers found ever-more-creative ways to use a green curtain to hide dark motives. When a company spends more time and money claiming to be “green” than actually adopting business practices that minimize environmental impact，it is clear that，for them，environmentalism is little more than a convenient slogan(口号)．Their message is “buy our products and you will end global warming，improve air quality and save the oceans”．At best，such greenwashing pushes the fact to its limits；at worst，it helps conceal deception. And what about today’s consumers？Few of them are truly well-equipped to make informed decisions about what is true.Greenwashing is only possible because consumers often believe what they are being told—why else would companies do it？More information and greater awareness are essential.Analyzing the tricks used by advertisers should be part of every school curriculum.Non-governmental organizations can spread the word.Consumer groups can punish the greenwashing companies.But it is not enough.Legally enforceable systems must be put in place. So what is already being done about planned attempts to pull the wool over consumers’ eyes？In the United States，the Federal Trade Commission is taking action against misleading advertising claims.France has published Green Claims Guidance，stressing that “an advertisement must avoid conveying a message contrary to the accepted principles of sustainable development”．All of these surely are the heart of the matter：the true impact of advertising is the promotion of unsustainable lifestyles.And there lies the real danger to our planet，a danger which cannot be ignored any longer. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一些公司试图用环保宣传掩盖其黑暗动机的漂绿行为。 1．What can we learn about greenwashing? A．It is an ecological concept. B．It is a marketing technique. C．It is an awareness campaign. D．It is an advertising innovation. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，很多公司会利用广告试图向外界表达自己的环保贡献，而实际上却并没有真正做到环保，统计数据也是编造的，即使是最微小的生态改善也被夸大了。结合第二段首句可知，以上行为被称为漂绿，所以漂绿是一种营销手段。故选B。 2．What does the underlined phrase “conceal deception” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Hide the truth. B．Raise the risk. C．Expose the weakness. D．Break the limit. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。由第三段“当一家公司花更多的时间和金钱声称自己是‘绿色’的，而不是实际采取尽量减少环境影响的商业实践，很明显，对他们来说，环保主义只不过是一个方便的口号。他们的信息是‘购买我们的产品，你将结束全球变暖，改善空气质量，拯救海洋’。往好了说，这种行为将事实推向了极限；往坏了说，它有助于conceal deception”可知，一些公司假装是在改善环境，而它们打着环保主义的口号只是为了掩盖事实，所以推测conceal deception意为“掩盖事实”。故选A。 3．What can be inferred about most consumers? A．They are lacking in legal knowledge. B．They have encouraged greenwashing. C．They may question consumer groups. D．They tend to make sensible decisions. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Greenwashing is only possible because consumers often believe what they are being told—why else would companies do it？”可知，消费者轻易相信广告公司的宣传是漂绿行为有效的原因，所以消费者实际上助长了公司的虚假环保的行为，所以B项 “他们助长了漂绿行为”正确。故选B。 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Actions to fight false advertising. B．Ways to protect customers’ interest. C．Attempts to solve environmental problems. D．Proposals to ensure sustainable development. 答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据最后一段首句“So what is already being done about planned attempts to pull the wool over consumers’ eyes？”以及之后的例子可知，本段主要讲的是打击虚假广告的行动。故选A。 B (2024·浙江杭州高二上期末) Coined as “deliveryman by day，poet by night”，55-year-old Wang Jibing earns a living as a delivery person in Jiangsu Province.He started writing poems online in the 2000s，and later expanded to different social media platforms.He also came under the spotlight as his name was on the 2023 list of new members for the Chinese Writers Association，igniting(点燃) praise and discussions among Chinese netizens. Dropping out of secondary school，Wang tried various jobs to make a living，such as a construction worker and working on sand mining boats，as well as a garbage collector.Now as a husband and a father of three children，the financial burden on his shoulder has become heavier and his work schedule has gotten even busier.Yet it has never stopped him from reading and writing routinely all his life.His passion for poetry has driven him to write over 4,000 poems. His poem titled “People in a Hurry” gathered more than 13 million views within a week.Wang gained inspiration for the poem from an unpleasant food delivery experience in 2019.Because the customer made a mistake with the address，he had to rush several times to get the food delivered on time.It led to delays with other orders，as well as punishments and a decrease in his earnings for the delivery.The government later took action to tackle this type of situation，demanding delivery firms better protect delivery person’s rights. The subjects of Wang’s poems cover a wide range，including his memories of his family and hometown，and his observations of society and life while working as a laborer in different cities.During an interview with the media，Wang noted that delivering food allows him to interact with more people and experience more things.The job has also sparked a deeper understanding and empathy for others.Writing poetry helps him feel comfortable and find peace of mind. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名江苏省的快递员王计兵从2000年开始在不同的网络平台写诗，终于在2023年出现在中国作家协会新会员的名单上，引起了中国网民的赞扬和讨论。 5．How is Wang’s daily life now? A．He enjoys the popularity of his poetry. B．He writes at night to let go of his displeasure. C．He balances his responsibilities and his dream. D．He struggles in speaking up for ordinary people. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Now as a husband and a father of three children，the financial burden on his shoulder has become heavier and his work schedule has gotten even busier.Yet it has never stopped him from reading and writing routinely all his life.His passion for poetry has driven him to write over 4,000 poems.”可知，他在养家的过程中依旧写了许多诗，由此可知，他兼顾自己的责任和梦想。故选C。 6．What can we infer from Wang’s 2019 experience and its result? A．Ordinary people can achieve a good living. B．Ordinary people’s voice is heard by the society. C．Ordinary people’s idea can be artfully expressed. D．Ordinary people are eager to have a spiritual homeland. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“His poem titled ‘People in a Hurry’ gathered more than 13 million views within a week.Wang gained inspiration for the poem from an unpleasant food delivery experience in 2019.”和“The government later took action to tackle this type of situation，demanding delivery firms better protect delivery person’s rights.”可知，王计兵基于2019年的不愉快的送餐经历写的诗在短时间内获得大量浏览，该诗反映的送餐员面临的困境引起了政府采取措施，可以看出普通人的声音被社会听到了。故选B。 7．Why do so many people read Wang’s poems? A．His poems help people get more information. B．His poems care about the unfairness in the society. C．His poems are filled with memories of his family and hometown. D．His poems are rooted in everyday life of ordinary people. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“The subjects of Wang’s poems cover a wide range，including his memories of his family and hometown，and his observations of society and life while working as a laborer in different cities.”可推知，许多人之所以读王计兵的诗，是因为他的诗根植于普通人的日常生活。故选D。 8．Which word can better describe Wang’s story? A．Inspiring. B．Surprising. C．Interesting. D．Concerning. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。通读全文尤其根据第一段“Coined as ‘deliveryman by day，poet by night’，55-year-old Wang Jibing earns a living as a delivery person in Jiangsu Province...He also came under the spotlight as his name was on the 2023 list of new members for the Chinese Writers Association，igniting(点燃) praise and discussions among Chinese netizens.”可知，王计兵的故事鼓舞人心。故选A。 Ⅲ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) (2025·浙江温州高二上期中) Excessive screen time and overuse of handheld devices can lead to both our physical and mental health issues.By adopting healthy technology habits，we can improve our overall well-being.Here are some practical steps to help achieve that. Assess your digital habits. 1 Do you sometimes feel overwhelmed by excessive information or stressed by social media？Are you anxious when you forget your phone？If negative emotions are associated with your digital devices，it’s time to improve your digital well-being. 　2　 Gaining a detailed understanding of your technology usage is crucial for improving your digital well-being.Many smartphones now offer activity monitoring features，enabling you to analyze the time spent on each app and device.Becoming aware of your habits will help you make informed decisions about your digital engagement. Set the boundaries. We are surrounded by digital devices.We live in a world of tech！However，we are failing to set healthy tech boundaries. 3 Once you hit the limit，the apps and sites pause and notifications are silenced. Enjoy gadget-free meal time. Traditionally，meal times served as occasions for families and friends to relax and talk about their day. 4 To promote meaningful communication and connection，it’s important to have technology-free meals. Establish a bedtime routine. To improve the quality of your sleep，consider disconnecting from your phone or other devices before bedtime.There are various apps available that can put your phone in nighttime mode，silencing notifications and turning your screen grayscale(灰度)． 5 A．Monitor your digital activity. B．Be aware of your well-being. C．Reflect on how digital devices make you feel. D．You can set daily limits on the apps and websites you use. E．This reduces exposure to artificial blue light，which can make it harder to fall asleep. F．However，nowadays，electronic devices have taken over conversations，leading to silent gatherings. G．This will prevent your phone from disturbing you when you need to focus on something important. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何健康地使用数字设备提出了一些建议。 1．答案　C 解析　根据后文“Do you sometimes feel overwhelmed by excessive information or stressed by social media？Are you anxious when you forget your phone？”可知，后文的设问句主要是针对数字设备带来的感受，C项“反思数字设备给你的感觉”引起下文，符合语境，故选C。 2．答案　A 解析　根据本段内容“详细了解你的科技设备使用情况对于提高你的数字幸福感至关重要。现在许多智能手机都提供活动监控功能，让你可以分析花在每个应用程序和设备上的时间。了解你的习惯会帮助你对你的数字设备使用情况做出明智的决定”可知，本段的建议是监控自己使用设备的情况，故A项“监控你的数字活动”符合段落主旨，适合作小标题，故选A。 3．答案　D 解析　根据后文“Once you hit the limit，the apps and sites pause and notifications are silenced.”可知，后文提到了达到限制，推测本句是在说设置限制。D项“你可以对你使用的应用程序和网站设置每天的限制”符合语境，故选D。 4．答案　F 解析　根据后文“To promote meaningful communication and connection，it’s important to have technology-free meals.”可知，后文提到拥有无科技产品的用餐时间很重要，推测本句是在说明电子设备影响人们的沟通。F项“然而，如今，电子设备已经取代了谈话，导致了无声的聚会”符合语境，故选F。 5．答案　E 解析　根据前文“There are various apps available that can put your phone in nighttime mode，silencing notifications and turning your screen grayscale(灰度)．”可知，前文提到把屏幕调成灰度，本句说明这么做的原因。E项“这样可以减少暴露在人造蓝光下的时间，因为蓝光会让人更难入睡”符合语境，故选E。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) (2024·山西大同高二上期末) Cheering，dancing and singing，local people and tourists gathered around the fire during the Torch Festival of the Yi People in Bijie’s Hezhang County，Guizhou，on Aug 12.The festival was listed as 1._____________________national intangible cultural heritage in 2011.There are different 2.____________________(story) about how the festival started.But probably it was because of the natural worship of fire by the Yi ethnic(民族的) group. Fire was important since their ancestors could use it 3.____________________(make) light as well as warm and cook food.One Yi ethnic proverb says，“Everything you eat must ‘see’ fire.” This is due to an old practice.Before 4.____________________(bring) meat into the home from the outside，a small fire must first 5.____________________(light) outside and the meat should be smoked on the fire to remove the dirt.In farming，fire was used to light piles of branches and leaves,6.____________________were later buried in the ground to fertilize the land. The Yi people used 7.____________(celebrate) the festival as a way to pray for a good harvest and drive away evil from their homes and farmland.Today it has become a social event.During the festival，people come together to light torches and join in 8.____________________(vary) activities such as building bonfires，horse racing，wrestling，bullfighting and beauty contests.The festival also provides people 9._____________________a chance to expand their circle of friends.Through the festival，the Yi people not only share their joy and thanks for their good life，but also get their lifestyle and traditions 10.____________________(understand) by more people at home and abroad. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。8月12日是彝族的火把节，该节日被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。文章对其进行了详细介绍。 1．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。heritage意为“遗产”，为可数名词，此处为第一次出现，应用不定冠词表示泛指，且空后的national是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 2．答案　stories 解析　考查名词复数。story意为“故事”，为可数名词，在different后应用复数形式。故填stories。 3．答案　to make 解析　考查非谓语动词。use sth to do意为“使用某物做某事”，用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to make。 4．答案　bringing 解析　考查非谓语动词。在介词before后应用动名词作宾语。故填bringing。 5．答案　be lit/be lighted 解析　考查含情态动词的被动语态。动词light意为“点燃”，和主语fire构成被动关系，应用被动语态。在情态动词must后be动词应用原形。故填be lit/be lighted。 6．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句并在其中作主语，且先行词为piles of branches and leaves，指物，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。 7．答案　to celebrate 解析　考查固定搭配。used to do sth意为“过去常常做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to celebrate。 8．答案　various/varied 解析　考查形容词。根据“such as building bonfires，horse racing，wrestling，bullfighting and beauty contests”可知，此处是指各种活动，所以应用形容词various/varied“各种各样的”作定语。故填various/varied。 9．答案　with 解析　考查介词。provide sb with sth意为“给某人提供某物”，为固定搭配。故填with。 10．答案　understood 解析　考查非谓语动词。动词understand意为“理解”，根据“by more people at home and abroad”可知，此处表示被动关系，所以应用过去分词作宾语补足语，get sth done意为“让某事被做”，为固定搭配。故填understood。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $