2027届高考英语一轮复习・形容词与副词 任务单

该高中英语高考复习任务单系统覆盖形容词与副词核心考点，按“基础句法功能-词形转换体系-比较等级-写作替换句式”递进架构知识网络，通过规则分类、例句解析和任务驱动设计，引导学生自主梳理从修饰功能到词形变化再到句式应用的逻辑联系，形成层次分明的知识体系。 亮点在于诊断性自测与方法指导结合，如“小试牛刀”设13道词形转换题和高考真题小练，学生可自主诊断薄弱点，配合比较等级核心结构、写作替换句式等方法指导，培养语言能力和思维品质。教师可通过学生自测结果精准定位学情，支持个性化复习，助力学生提升自主复习效率与备考实效。

2027 高考英语一轮复习・形容词与副词专项 一、形容词、副词基础句法功能 句法核心功能 1. 形容词修饰名词，作定语； 2. 形容词置于系动词后，作表语； 3. 情绪类形容词可置于句首作状语； 4. 感官、使役动词后接形容词作宾语补足语，描述宾语状态； 5. 副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词，体现动作状态、程度； 6. 评论类副词置于句首，修饰完整句子。 二、词形转换体系 （一）名词转化为形容词 1. 后缀 - y：cloud→cloudy、luck→lucky 补充规则：重读闭音节双写尾辅音 + y（sun→sunny）；词尾 e 去掉再加 y（noise→noisy） 2. 后缀 -(e) d：talent→talented、experience→experienced 3. -ful（充满…）/-less（无…）成对变形：careful/careless、useful/useless 4. 后缀 - able：comfortable、reasonable 5. 后缀 - ous：dangerous、humorous 6. ce 变 t：confidence→confident、difference→different 7. 后缀 - al/-ial：national、cultural、financial 8. 后缀 - ly（仅构成形容词，非副词）：friendly、weekly、lovely 9. 后缀 - en（材质）：wood→wooden 10. 后缀 - ic/-etic：energetic、historic 11. 特殊变形：pleasant、scientific、southern （二）动词转化为形容词 1. 前缀 a-：alive、asleep、awake 2. -ed 形容词：体现人主观感受 excited、relaxed 3. -ing 形容词：体现事物属性 surprising、frightening 4. 后缀 - able：enjoyable、suitable 5. 后缀 - ive：active、creative、attractive （三）形容词变副词变形规则 1. 常规直接加 - ly：quick→quickly 2. e 结尾区分：辅音 + e 直接加 ly；元音 + e 去 e 加 ly（true→truly） 3. 辅音 + le 结尾：去 e 变 y possible→possibly 4. 辅音 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i 再加 ly happy→happily 5. ic 结尾统一加 ally basic→basically 6. ll 结尾加 y full→fully 7. 特殊不规则：whole→wholly、public→publicly （四）-ed /-ing 形容词区分要点 1. -ing：修饰事物，译为 “令人…… 的”； 2. -ed：修饰人，表 “感到…… 的”；可修饰 smile、voice、expression 等带情绪的名词。 例句：a pleased smile；an excited voice （五）ly结尾形容词（易混，不可作副词） 时间类：daily、weekly、monthly、yearly、timely 人物特质：friendly、lovely、lively、lonely、elderly、manly 事物属性：likely、deadly、orderly、chilly （六）高频逻辑连接副词 however、therefore、besides、instead、meanwhile、otherwise、moreover、though 三、形容词、副词比较等级 1. 比较级、最高级变形规则 （1）常规变化：直接加 - er/-est；e 结尾加 - r/-st；重读闭音节双写尾字母；辅音 + y 变 i 加 - er/-est；多音节词前加 more/most （2）特殊双音节词可直接加 er/est：clever、narrow、simple、easy （3）无等级变化词汇：right、empty、wooden、final、first 等自带极限含义词汇 （4）不规则变化 good/well—better—best bad/ill—worse—worst many/much—more—most little—less—least old—older/elder—oldest/eldest far—farther/further—farthest/furthest 2. 核心结构 （1）同级比较 as + 原级 + as；not as/so + 原级 + as 拓展搭配：as+adj+a/an+n.+as /as many + 可数复数 + as /as much + 不可数名词 + as （2）两者对比 比较级 + than；less + 原级 + than 修饰词：much、far、even、a little、still 可前置修饰比较级 （3）倍数表达三类句型 ①A + 倍数 + 比较级 + than+B ②A + 倍数 + as + 原级 (+ 名词)+as+B ③A + 倍数 + the size/length/weight…+of+B （4）比较级表最高级含义 比较级 + than any other + 单数名词 否定词 + 比较级 = 最高级含义 （5）最高级标准用法 1. the + 最高级 + 范围状语 (in/of…) 2. one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数 3. 序数词 + the + 最高级 + 名词 四、高级写作替换句式 1. be of + 抽象名词（替换形容词） be important = be of importance；be valuable = be of value 仿写：When it comes to the ocean, it is of great importance to the world, yet its pollution is becoming worse and worse.说到海洋，它对全世界都至关重要，然而海洋污染正变得愈发严重。 2. 介词 + 名词（替换情绪副词） curiously = with curiosity；anxiously = with anxiety 仿写：Last weekend, I took part in the activity “Know the Plants Around Us” organized by the Student Union with curiosity.上周末，我怀着好奇心参加了学生会举办的 “认识身边植物” 活动。 3. the + 比较级，the + 比较级 仿写：As we all know, the more people take part, the better the marine environment will be. 众所周知，参与的人越多，海洋环境就会变得越好。 4. 否定词 + 比较级表最高级 仿写：Nothing is more important than teachers’ encouragement. Without it, I couldn’t have won the prize.没有什么比老师的鼓励更重要。倘若没有这份鼓励，我本不可能获奖。 五、小试牛刀 I.词形转换 1.The old people there were talkative and they told us their ________________(person) stories cheerfully. 2.There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and ____________(disappoint)． 3.I’ll never forget the ____________(amaze) trip I had in Beijing，China and I hope to go there next time with my friends. 4.He spent seven days in the wind and snow，cold and ____________(hunger)． 5.In the study，GBS was used to provide a ____________(high) efficient way of demonstrating quantum computational speedup in solving some tasks. 6.The title will be ____________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. 7.____________(lucky)，he also has a cow which produces milk every day. 8.I am ____________(terrible) sorry that I can’t go to the bookstore with you at the appointed time. 9.The ____________(much) we do for those in need，the happier we’ll be. 10.Road safety has aroused ____________(wide) attention of the public than before. 11.During the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century，Beijing Opera finally formed and became the ____________(big) of all operas in China. 12.The electronic waste stream is increasing three times ____________(fast) than traditional garbage as a whole. 13.I have seldom seen my mother ____________ pleased with my progress as she is now. II.高考真题小练 1. When the house was built，it was much __________(small) than it is today. 2. Xiao long bao(soup dumplings)，those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot，____________(taste) soup and sweet，fresh meat，are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 3. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ____________(fine) work，so that he could choose the best. 4. As the small boat moved ____________(gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 六、小试牛刀参考答案 I部分 1.personal 2.disappointed 3.amazing 4.hungry 5.highly 6.officially 7.Luckily 8.terribly 9.more 10.wider 11.biggest 12.faster 13.as II部分 1.smaller 2.tasty 3.finest 4.gently 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $