晨读小练9：Unit 4 Natural Disasters Reading and Thinking 课文翻译及语法填空-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语学习任务单围绕必修一Unit 4阅读课文“The Night the Earth Didn't Sleep”展开，涵盖地震相关核心词汇（如crack, destroy, trap）、重点句式（too...to..., as if虚拟语气等）及语法填空练习。通过课文翻译辅助理解，分段落标注“重点必背”词汇句式，串联单元词汇拓展与语法应用，构建从文本解读到语言运用的学习支架。 资料特色在于将课文理解与语言知识深度融合，分段落解析与分层练习（小练1-3）助力学生夯实基础，提升语言能力。通过唐山地震事件渗透家国情怀，强化思维品质中的分析与推断能力。习题设计紧扣课文内容，语法填空与词汇应用结合，有效培养学习策略，促进知识迁移与巩固。

晨读小练9：必修一 Unit 4 Reading and Thinking课文翻译及语法填空 THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP 地球的一个不眠之夜 Paragraph 1 Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 a.m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city's one million people were asleep as usual that night. 河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连：一连几天，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏，井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。至少有一口水井的裂缝冒出臭气。鸡甚至猪都焦虑不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所，鱼儿也跳出水面。1976年7月28日凌晨3:00左右，唐山城外的天空中出现了耀眼亮光，接着又传来巨大的声响。然而，那天晚上城里的百万居民仍像往常一样沉睡在梦乡。 【重点必背】 crack n. 裂纹；裂缝 vi.&vt.（使）破裂 as usual像往常一样 【课文佳句】Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.（too...to...）鸡甚至连猪都太紧张而不能吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋里去。 Paragraph 2 At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 凌晨3:42，万物开始摇晃，仿佛世界末日即将来临！在城市正下方的11千米处，20世纪伤害最严重之一的地震爆发了，远在150多千米以外的北京都受到了这场地震的破坏，全国几乎三分之一的地区均有震感！一条8千米长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横切房屋、道路和水路。坚硬的石山变成了泥沙流。在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。城里三分之二的居民在地震中死亡或受伤，数以千计的孩子失去了父母。在此次地震中丧亡或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。 【重点必背】 as if（句式）—— 似乎；好像；仿佛 come to an end告终；结束 in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 【课文佳句】It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!（as if引导的虚拟语气） 仿佛世界末日即将来临！ Paragraph 3 Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city's factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock---and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. 幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟，万物尽毁。市内大约75%的工厂和大楼、90%的住房和所有的医院都倒塌了。砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面，但是却没有风能将其吹走。大多数桥梁不是坍塌了就是无法安全通行了。铁轨变成了废金属块；数万头奶牛、数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也都死掉了。沙子灌满水井，井水消失殆尽。人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。更多的楼房倒塌了。没有水、食物，电也停了。人们心里开始疑惑这场灾难还会持续多久。 【重点必背】 高中英语晨读小练素材 Every minute counts. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 destroy vt. 摧毁；毁灭 percent n. 百分之…… brick n. 砖；砖块 metal n. 金属 in shock震惊；吃惊 electricity n. 电；电能→ electric adj. 电的；用电的 → electronic adj. 电子的 hard to get（主语＋be＋adj.＋to do）—— 很难得到 【课文佳句】Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.（主语＋be＋adj.＋to do） 很难得到水、食物和电。 Paragraph 4 But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. 然而，希望尚存。地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。上万名医疗工作者赶到现场，救死扶伤。工人为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所，数十万的群众获到了帮助，火车、卡车和飞机给城市运来了食物和饮用水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。 【重点必背】 trap vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n. 险境；陷阱 bury vt. 埋葬；安葬 shelter n. 避难处；居所；庇护 vt. 保护；掩蔽 vi. 躲避(风雨或危险) breathe vi.&vt. 呼吸→ breath n. 呼吸 【课文佳句】Slowly, the city began to breathe again.（拟人修辞） 慢慢地，这座城市又开始呼吸了。 Paragraph 5 Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力，一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。这座新的城市已经成为700多万人的家园，交通、工业和环境都得到了巨大的改善。唐山向中国、向世界证明，在自然灾难中，人民必须勠力同心，保持乐观的心态和重建家园的决心。 【重点必背】 revive vt.&vi. 复活；(使)苏醒 effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 unify vi.&vt. 统一；(使)成一体 wisdom n. 智慧；才智→ wise adj. 明智的 【单元重点词汇】 1.death n.死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v.死亡 2.affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→effect n.效果；结果；影响→effective adj.有效的 3.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的 4.electricity n.电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electronic adj.电子的 5.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 6.wisdom n.智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的 7.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.受难；苦楚→sufferer n.受苦者；受难者 8.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n.幸存；生还→survivor n.幸存者；生还者 9.power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerful adj.强大的；强壮的→powerless adj.无力的 10.emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的→emerge vi.浮现；出现 11.deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n.投递；送交 12.summary n.总结；概括；概要→summariz(s)e vt.& vi.总结；概括 13.length n.长；长度→long adj.长的→lengthen v.(使)变长 【单元重点句式】 1.句式：too＋形容词＋to...“太……而不能……” 原句：Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.鸡甚至连猪都太紧张而不能吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋里去。 2.句式：as if引导的虚拟语气 原句： It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！ 3.句式：主语＋be＋adj.＋to do 原句：Water，food，and electricity were hard to get. 很难得到水、食物和电。 4.句式：分词短语作结果状语 原句：The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least four other countries. 过去40年来最强的一次地震引起的海啸昨天登陆了亚洲海岸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及其他至少四个国家的6500多人死亡。 5.句式：be doing ...when ...正在做……突然…… 原句：I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。 6.读后续写之拟人修辞 原句：Slowly，the city began to breathe again. 慢慢地，这座城市又开始呼吸了。 7.读后续写之明喻修辞 原句：Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.砖块像秋天的红叶一样铺满了地面。 【小练1】课文语法填空 （根据课文内容，用所给词的正确形式填空） 1. Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days, the water in the village wells rose and ____________ (fall). 2. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused ____________ (go) inside buildings. 3. At about 3:00 a.m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights ____________ (see) in the sky outside the city of Tangshan. 4. It seemed as if the world ____________ (be) coming to an end! 5. A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut ____________ houses, roads, and waterways. 6. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there ____________ (be) dead or injured. 7. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. （改为被动语态） → The ground ____________ ____________ by bricks like red autumn leaves, but they ____________ not ____________ ____________ by any wind. 8. Water, food, and electricity were hard ____________ (get). 9. Workers built shelters for survivors ____________ homes had been destroyed. 10. Slowly, the city began ____________ (breathe) again. 11. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. （改为被动语态） → It ____________ ____________ to China and the rest of the world by Tangshan city that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 【小练2】词汇或语法填空 1. It seemed as if the world ____________ (be) coming to an end! 2. In less than one minute, a large city lay ____________ ruins. 3. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them ____________. 4. Water, food, and electricity were hard ____________ (get). 5. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. （改为同义句） → Slowly, the city began to ____________ again. 【小练3】选词填空：crack | in ruins | destroy | trap | shelter | breathe | wisdom | Strange (1) __________ appeared in the well walls. After the earthquake, the city lay (2) __________. Nearly everything was (3) __________. Soldiers dug out those who were (4) __________ and built (5) __________ for survivors. Slowly, the city began to (6) __________ again. The people showed great (7) __________ in rebuilding their city. 【参考答案】 【小练1】课文语法填空 fell to go were seen were across were was covered; could; be blown away to get whose to breathe has been proved 【小练2】词汇或语法填空 were in away to get revive 【小练3】选词填空 cracks in ruins destroyed trapped shelters breathe wisdom $