2027届高三英语一轮复习名词专题复习 任务单

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了名词专题核心考点，涵盖单复数变化规则（常规、不规则、复合名词）、所有格用法、可数与不可数区分及词形转换，按规则类型和应用场景构建知识网络。通过高中英语学习任务单和问题链设计，引导学生自主梳理考点联系，形成系统性知识框架。 亮点在于诊断性自测与方法指导结合，如“小试牛刀”设置基础填空和词形转换练习，配套解题思路小贴士，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。学生可通过练习自主诊断薄弱点，教师依据学情精准指导，助力个性化复习，提升自主学习能力。

2027年英语高考一轮名词专题复习资料 一、名词单复数变化规则 （一）可数名词常规复数变形 核心变化规律： 普通可数名词直接加 - s 辅音字母 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i 加 - es；元音字母 + y 结尾直接加 - s -th 结尾名词复数直接加 - s -s/-x/-ch/-sh 结尾加 - es；若 ch 读 /k/（如 stomach）仅加 - s -o 结尾加 - es 记忆：hero、potato、tomato，其余大多直接加 - s -f/-fe 结尾多数变 v 加 - es；roof、chief、belief 直接加 - s （二）不规则复数变形 内部元音替换foot-feet；goose-geese；tooth-teeth；mouse-mice；man-men；woman-women 单复数同形sheep；deer；Chinese；Japanese；means；series；species；crossroads；spacecraft 词尾加 - ren/-en child-children；ox-oxen man/woman 复合名词同步变复数gentleman-gentlemen；Englishman-Englishmen；policeman-policemen；chairwoman-chairwomen；businessman-businessmen；craftsman-craftsmen补充：German 复数 Germans，human复数 humans 无需同步变形 外来特殊复数：analysis-analyses；basis-bases；crisis-crises；thesis-theses；medium-media；phenomenon-phenomena （三）复合名词复数规则 无连字符复合词：末尾名词变复数birthday-birthdays；blackboard-blackboards；bookshelf-bookshelves 带连字符复合词：核心名词变复数book worm-book worms；son-in-law-sons-in-law；looker-on-lookers-on；passer-by-passers-by；story-teller-story-tellers 无主体名词：末尾加 - s grown-up-grown-ups； standby-standbys man/woman 前置合成词：前后全部变复数women singers；men servants 固定复数名词（仅复数使用）：thanks, congratulations, wishes, greetings, shoes, trousers, works（著作 / 工厂）, manners（礼貌）, instructions（说明）, times（时代） 固定搭配只用复数名词take turns to do；in high spirits；make friends with；shake hands with；make preparations for；make both ends meet；take pains to do （四）名词所有格用法 有生命名词 不以 s 结尾：+ ’s Mr Black’s farm 以 s 结尾单数 / 复数：+ ’ the students’ classroom 无生命名词：多用 of 所有格 the scenery of the farm 双重所有格：名词 + of + 名词所有格 / 名词性物主代词 a friend of his 并列名词所有格 各自拥有：分别加’s Kate’s and Mary’s rooms 共同拥有：末尾加’s Kate and Mary’s room 地点省略用法（省去 shop/house）at the doctor’s；at the barber’s；at Mr Green’s 二、可数与不可数名词区分 核心规则 纯不可数名词无复数、不搭配 a/an高频永久不可数名词：fun, weather, progress, advice, information, news, homework, housework, furniture, luggage, baggage, equipment, traffic, wealth, knowledge 抽象名词具体化抽象名词指具体人 / 事时可加 a/an：a surprise, a comfort, a success；固定搭配：have a good time, have a good knowledge of English 物质名词可数转化表种类 / 一杯 / 一份时可作可数名词coffee（不可数咖啡）→ a coffee（一杯咖啡）；hair（头发总称）→ a few grey hairs（几根白发）；glass（玻璃）→ a glass（玻璃杯） 三、名词词形转换（动词 / 形容词变名词） 1. 动词变名词后缀 -al approve→approval；survive→survival；arrive→arrival；refuse→refusal；propose→proposal -ance/-ence appear→appearance；perform→performance；guide→guidance；exist→existence；prefer→preference；refer→reference；depend→dependence -tion/-ation/-ion direct→direction；expect→expectation；invite→invitation；solve→solution；compete→competition；describe→description；repeat→repetition；explain→explanation；pronounce→pronunciation -ssion discuss→discussion；admit→admission；decide→decision -ing hear→hearing；listen→listening -ment achieve→achievement；develop→development；argue→argument；punish→punishment -ture/-ure fail→failure；press→pressure；mix→mixture；expose→exposure -y recover→recovery；discover→discovery -or/-er teach→teacher；announce→announcer；conduct→conductor 特殊变形 choose→choice；vary→variety；tend→tendency；grow→growth；marry→marriage；pack→package 2. 形容词变名词后缀 -cy fluent→fluency；accurate→accuracy；private→privacy；efficient→efficiency -dom free→freedom；wise→wisdom -ness dark→darkness；weak→weakness；kind→kindness；cold→coldness；aware→awareness -th warm→warmth；true→truth；deep→depth；strong→strength；long→length；wide→width -ty/-ity/-y difficult→difficulty；honest→honesty；safe→safety；cruel→cruelty；responsible→responsibility -ce different→difference；silent→silence；patient→patience；absent→absence；present→presence；confident→confidence；convenient→convenience；important→importance；significant→significance 小贴士：名词填空解题思路 词形转换判断依据 冠词、形容词、数词、物主代词后填名词 介词、及物动词后作宾语用名词 并列结构前后词性保持一致 单复数判断依据 these/several/many/ 基数词、one of/among 后用复数 a/an 后用单数可数名词 结合谓语动词单复数、句意常识判断数量 四、小试牛刀 I.配套基础填空 1.The team who won three world ____________(championship) would get this cup. 2.During the festival, people take part in colourful ____________(activity). 3.We need to find the __________(weak) of the plan and improve them. 4.Researchers studied the influence of phones on ____________(passer-by). 5.Audiences expect film ____________(hero) to defeat bad characters. 6.He visits the ____________(barber) every month to get his hair cut. II.词形转换基础练习 1.Right before the ____________(arrive) of two pandas, I volunteered at the zoo. 2.She turned down the party ____________(invite). 3.Every country has a ____________(responsible) to promote balanced trade. 4.They held their ____________(marry) ceremony in this old house. 5.Art works need both historical ____________(accurate) and entertainment value. 参考答案 I部分 1.championships 2. activities 3. weaknesses 4. passers-by 5. heroes 6. barber’s II部分 1.arrival 2. invitation 3. responsibility 4. marriage 5. accuracy 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $