Unit 2 Getting along 首字母填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材外研版八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦人际交往话题，通过梯度化首字母填空训练，系统提升学生在语境中运用词汇的语言能力与逻辑思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|5篇短文（如《自私的巨人》改编）|基础词汇为主，单句语境明确，考查高频交际词汇（如trust, share）|从具体故事场景到抽象交际原则，构建"现象-规则-应用"的认知链条| |培优拔高·挑战攻坚|5篇短文（如跨文化友谊、邻里关系）|复杂语境，多句关联，考查情感态度词（如forgive, appreciate）|通过对比冲突情境（如爱好差异、考试失利），深化对友谊本质的理解，培养批判性思维|

Unit 2 Getting along 首字母填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——人际交往） 参考答案 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1．garden/arden 2．selfish/elfish 3．built/uilt 4．hole/ole 5．lonely/onely 6．trust/rust 7．argue/rgue 8．communicate/ommunicate 9．agreement/greement 10．forgive/orgive Passage 2 1．greatest/reatest 2．his/is 3．important/mportant 4．seeing/eeing 5．invited/nvited 6．flowers/lowers 7．when/hen 8．owner/wner 9．understood/nderstood 10．truly/ruly Passage 3 1．able/ble 2．lose/ose 3．another/nother 4．share/hare 5．or/r 6．ideas/deas 7．better/etter 8．make/ake 9．yourself/ourself 10．same/ame 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 4 1．true/rue 2．listen/isten 3．trouble/rouble 4．helped/elped 5．happy/appy 6．behind/ehind 7．trust/rust 8．with/ith 9．cheer/heer 10．happy/appy Passage 5 1．(m)ine 2．(s)ports 3．(j)oined 4．(b)ecame 5．(c)ommon 6．(b)each 7．(b)orn 8．(s)peak 9．(d)ifference 10．(f)uture Passage 6 1．different/ifferent 2．offered/ffered 3．team/eam 4．common/ommon 5．skills/kills 6．based/ased 7．mistake/istake 8．Instead/nstead 9．touched/ouched/thankful/hankful 10．stays/tays/stands/tands Passage 7 1．(c)lose 2．(d)ifferently 3．(q)uite 4．(l)ively 5．(l)iving 6．(s)ound 7．(k)nocked 8．(s)hout 9．(s)aying 10．(r)eturned Passage 8 1．same/ame 2．tallest/allest 3．laugh/augh 4．helpful/elpful 5．problems/roblems 6．grows/rows 7．still/till 8．about/bout 9．share/hare 10．honest/onest Passage 9 1．finest/inest 2．brings/rings 3．trouble/rouble 4．trust/rust 5．base/ase 6．listen/isten 7．solve/olve 8．helping/elping 9．grateful/rateful 10．stronger/tronger Passage 10 1．true/rue 2．trust/rust 3．help/elp 4．argument/rgument 5．lose/ose 6．forgave/orgave 7．share/hare 8．problems/roblems 9．last/ast 10．true/rue 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Getting along 首字母填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——人际交往） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 The Selfish Giant had a beautiful g 1 , but he was too s 2 to share it with kids. He b 3 a high wall and shut the gate. Spring never came to his garden. Later, a small child climbed through a h 4 in the wall. The giant felt l 5 and realised his mistake. He broke the wall down. To get along well with others, we need t 6 , respect and patience. If you a 7 with your friend, try to c 8 and reach an a 9 . Never be afraid to say sorry and f 10 each other. Passage 2 Born in 701, Li Bai was one of the g 1 poets of the Tang Dynasty. At the age of 24, he left home and started to travel around China. Throughout h 2 life, he wrote more than one thousand poems about nature, friendship and many other wonderful things. “To Wang Lun” was one of Li Bai’s poems, which was about his friendship with Wang Lun. An i 3 person to him. It is said that Wang Lun respected Li Bai for his talent and dreamt of s 4 him. When he heard that Li Bai was travelling to a place nearby, he wrote a letter to Li Bai and i 5 him to visit his hometown. In the letter, Wang Lun described his hometown as having peach f 6 , extending ten li and ten thousand wine houses. Li Bai couldn’t find the scenes described by Wang Lun w 7 he arrived. Wang Lun explained that “peach flowers” was the name of a pool of water and Wan was the family name of the wine house o 8 . Li Bai laughed about Wang Lun’s little trick. He u 9 that Wang Lun t 10 wanted to see him and the two became good friends. Passage 3 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词，使短文完整、正确。 Learning to be a good friend means learning the following rules. Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be a 1 to believe in each other. If you don’t tell the truth, you may l 2 your friends’ trust. Good friends always trust one a 3 to speak and do things honestly. Generosity means you are ready to s 4 . You don’t have to give your lunch money o 5 your clothes, of course. Instead you talk about your i 6 and feelings. By sharing them, you help your friends have a b 7 understanding of you. Understanding is important for everyone. Talking about the problem can m 8 it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in dealing with the problem. You must try to put y 9 in your friend’s place, so you can understand the problem better. No two friendships are the s 10 . But all true friendships have three things in common. In fact, good friendship will not easily last. You must give as much as you take. If you don’t, friendship will die away. Passage 4 Friendship is one of the most precious things in our lives. Everyone needs a t 1 friend who can understand and support us. A good friend will l 2 to your problems and offer help when you are in t 3 . Last year, I fell ill and missed many classes. My best friend, Lily, came to my house every afternoon. She h 4 me with my homework and told me funny stories to make me h 5 . With her help, I didn’t fall b 6 in my studies. Friendship also needs care and t 7 . We should remember our friends’ birthdays and spend time w 8 them. When our friends feel sad, we should try to c 9 them up. In a word, true friendship is like a warm sun. It can light up our lives and make us feel h 10 every day. Passage 5 Do you have a friend with an interesting background? Today, I’d like to tell you about a friend of m 1 with it. I’ll tell you a bit about her, such as where she’s from and why we’re good friends. You know, I didn’t use to do s 2 . However, a couple of years ago, I j 3 a fitness club. There, I met Linda. After the exercise, we had coffee together and b 4 good friends soon. I think we have a lot in c 5 —we both like to keep fit and love trying different food. And we love the ocean; in summer, we like to play at the b 6 and go swimming there. Linda was b 7 in London, but has lived in China for ten years. So she can s 8 both Chinese and English. That’s something different about us. Another d 9 is her background—Linda has experience and knowledge of two cultures. So, now you know a bit about my friend Linda. Although we might not always live in the same city in the f 10 , I think we’ll stay friends forever. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，根据首字母或语境提示，用适当的词填空，每空一词。 Jack and Peter have been neighbours since childhood. At first, they did not get along well because they had d 1 hobbies. Jack loved painting while Peter was crazy about basketball. They seldom spoke to each other.    One rainy afternoon, Jack was walking home from school when he saw an old lady struggling to carry heavy bags. He ran to help, but the bags were too heavy for one person. Just then, Peter came by and o 2 to help without hesitation. Together, they carried the bags all the way to the old lady’s house. The old lady thanked them warmly and said, “You boys make a wonderful t 3 .” Jack and Peter looked at each other and smiled. That day, they discovered that kindness was something they had in c 4 . Since then, they have become close friends. Jack has learned some basketball s 5 from Peter, and Peter has tried painting with Jack’s guidance. They often say that their friendship is b 6 on shared kindness rather than shared interests. Last week, Peter made a m 7 in an important exam and felt very upset. Jack did not laugh at him. I 8 , he encouraged Peter to keep trying. Peter was so t 9 that he wrote in his diary: “A true friend is someone who s 10 with you not only in happy moments but also in hard times.” Passage 7 Two families lived c 1 by. In one family, there were always arguments, while the other family lived d 2 . They were happy every day. The wife in the first family was q 3 jealous (嫉妒的) of the second family. One day, she said to her husband, “Go to the neighbours and see why they are always so l 4 and happy.” The husband went to visit their neighbours. He and the neighbour’s husband were talking happily in the l 5 room, while the wife was cleaning the floor. Suddenly, something in the kitchen made a loud s 6 . The wife hurried to the kitchen. Her husband also got up and tried to go to the kitchen. But he accidentally (不小心) k 7 over a bucket (桶) on the floor, and water went everywhere. When his wife came back from the kitchen, she didn’t s 8 at her husband but said in a soft voice, “I’m sorry, dear. It’s my fault (过错) because I didn’t move the bucket out of the way.” The husband replied, “No, I’m sorry, dear. It’s my fault because I didn’t notice it.” They kept s 9 sorry to each other . As the man from the first family r 10 home, his wife asked, “Did you find out anything?” “I think I did,” he replied. “You see, we always want to be right, but they are patient with each other and they each take responsibility (责任) for themselves. We should learn how to treat each other from them.” Passage 8 Let me tell you something about my friends. I have three best friends, Tom, Amy and Helen. Tom, Amy and I go to the s 1 school and they are my classmates. Tom is one of the t 2 boys in our class. He is even taller than our English teacher, Mrs Zhang. Tom is a really good friend of mine. When I feel sad, he can always make me feel happy. Sometimes he makes a face (做鬼脸) and makes me l 3 . Amy, on the other hand, is very kind and gentle (文静的). She is not as funny as Tom, but she is h 4 and generous. I can always talk to her about my p 5 . She likes to help people. I think she will be a good doctor when she g 6 up. Helen is from the USA．She is my penfriend. Although we do not see each other very often, I s 7 think of her as one of my best friends. We talk on the internet as much as we can and I often tell her good news a 8 my school, my friends and my family. I like to s 9 my joy with her. Helen is a true friend. She always tells me her h 10 opinions (看法), so I always ask her for opinions when I plan to buy new clothes. My friends are all nice to me, and I love them very much. Passage 9 Friendship is one of the most important things in our lives. It is the f 1 gift we can get from the world. True friendship b 2 people close together. When you are happy, your friends will share your joy; when you are in t 3 , they will offer their help without hesitation. To keep a good friendship, we need to t 4 each other first. Never lie to your friends, because honesty is the b 5 of friendship. Also, we should l 6 to their problems carefully and try our best to s 7 them. Last month, I lost my favorite watch and felt very sad. My best friend Tom spent three hours h 8 me look for it. Finally, we found it under the tree. I was so g 9 to him. This experience made our friendship s 10 than before. Passage 10 Friendship is one of the most important things in our lives. Everyone needs a t 1 friend who can share joys and sorrows with us. A true friend will t 2 you and keep your secrets. When you are in trouble, he or she will try his or her best to h 3 you. Last term, I had a big a 4 with my best friend, Li Ming. We didn’t talk to each other for a week. I felt very sad because I didn’t want to l 5 our friendship. Then I decided to say sorry to him. To my surprise, he said he was also wrong. We f 6 each other and became closer than before. Now we often s 7 our feelings with each other. When I have p 8 with my study, he always helps me. I believe a good friendship will l 9 forever if we care about each other. I am lucky to have such a good friend in my life. I hope everyone can find their t 10 friends. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Getting along 首字母填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——人际交往） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 The Selfish Giant had a beautiful g 1 , but he was too s 2 to share it with kids. He b 3 a high wall and shut the gate. Spring never came to his garden. Later, a small child climbed through a h 4 in the wall. The giant felt l 5 and realised his mistake. He broke the wall down. To get along well with others, we need t 6 , respect and patience. If you a 7 with your friend, try to c 8 and reach an a 9 . Never be afraid to say sorry and f 10 each other. 【答案】 1．garden/arden 2．selfish/elfish 3．built/uilt 4．hole/ole 5．lonely/onely 6．trust/rust 7．argue/rgue 8．communicate/ommunicate 9．agreement/greement 10．forgive/orgive 【导语】本文借《自私的巨人》的故事引出与他人相处需要信任、尊重和耐心，并给出了处理分歧的建议。 【详解】 1．句意：自私的巨人有一个美丽的花园，但他太自私了，不愿意和孩子们分享。不定冠词“a”后需填可数名词单数，根据下文“Spring never came to his garden”可知，首字母g对应名词garden“花园”。 2．句意：自私的巨人有一个美丽的花园，但他太自私了，不愿意和孩子们分享。固定结构“too+形容词+to do”中需填形容词作表语，指巨人不愿分享的性格特点，首字母s对应形容词selfish“自私的”。 3．句意：他建了一堵高墙并关上了大门。主语“He”后需填谓语动词，根据上下文时态为一般过去时，指巨人砌墙的行为，首字母b对应动词build的过去式built“建造”。 4．句意：后来，一个小孩子从墙上的一个洞爬了进来。不定冠词“a”后需填可数名词单数，指墙上的开口，首字母h对应名词hole“洞”。 5．句意：巨人感到孤独，并意识到了自己的错误。系动词“felt”后需填形容词作表语，指巨人的内心感受，首字母l对应形容词lonely“孤独的”。 6．句意：为了与他人和睦相处，我们需要信任、尊重和耐心。并列连词“and”连接名词“respect”和“patience”，此处也需填名词作宾语，指人际关系中的基础要素，首字母t对应名词trust“信任”。 7．句意：如果你和朋友发生争执，试着沟通并达成一致。条件状语从句中缺少谓语动词，固定结构“argue with”意为“与……争吵”，首字母a对应动词argue“争执”。 8．句意：如果你和朋友发生争执，试着沟通并达成一致。固定结构“try to do”后需填动词原形，指解决分歧的方式，首字母c对应动词communicate“沟通”。 9．句意：如果你和朋友发生争执，试着沟通并达成一致。不定冠词“an”后需填可数名词单数，固定短语“reach an agreement”意为“达成一致”，首字母a对应名词agreement“一致”。 10．句意：永远不要害怕说对不起并互相原谅。并列连词“and”连接动词“say”和空格，固定结构“be afraid to do”后需填动词原形，指处理矛盾的态度，首字母f对应动词forgive“原谅”。 Passage 2 Born in 701, Li Bai was one of the g 1 poets of the Tang Dynasty. At the age of 24, he left home and started to travel around China. Throughout h 2 life, he wrote more than one thousand poems about nature, friendship and many other wonderful things. “To Wang Lun” was one of Li Bai’s poems, which was about his friendship with Wang Lun. An i 3 person to him. It is said that Wang Lun respected Li Bai for his talent and dreamt of s 4 him. When he heard that Li Bai was travelling to a place nearby, he wrote a letter to Li Bai and i 5 him to visit his hometown. In the letter, Wang Lun described his hometown as having peach f 6 , extending ten li and ten thousand wine houses. Li Bai couldn’t find the scenes described by Wang Lun w 7 he arrived. Wang Lun explained that “peach flowers” was the name of a pool of water and Wan was the family name of the wine house o 8 . Li Bai laughed about Wang Lun’s little trick. He u 9 that Wang Lun t 10 wanted to see him and the two became good friends. 【答案】 1．greatest/reatest 2．his/is 3．important/mportant 4．seeing/eeing 5．invited/nvited 6．flowers/lowers 7．when/hen 8．owner/wner 9．understood/nderstood 10．truly/ruly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了唐代伟大诗人李白的生平及其与汪伦之间友谊的故事，包括汪伦如何用巧妙的方式邀请李白来访，以及两人如何成为好友。 【详解】 1．句意：李白出生于701年，是唐代最伟大的诗人之一。 空格前为“one of the”，后接形容词最高级，修饰可数名词复数 poets。根据历史常识及下文“he wrote more than one thousand poems”可知，李白是唐代伟大的诗人。结合首字母g，great的最高级形式为greatest。 2．句意：在他的一生中，他写了一千多首关于自然、友谊和许多其他美好事物的诗。 空格后为名词life，需要形容词性物主代词限定，指代李白的一生，结合首字母h，his表示“他的”，符合语境。 3．句意：汪伦对他而言是一位重要的人。空格后修饰名词person需填形容词，结合上下文汪伦是李白的挚友，是重要的人。结合首字母i，important表示“重要的”，且是元音音素开头的形容词，用An修饰，符合语法。 4．句意：据说汪伦仰慕李白的才华，梦想着能见到他。搭配dream of doing sth.意为“渴望做某事”，介词of后接动名词。根据“Wang Lun respected Li Bai for his talent”可知，汪伦仰慕李白，所以想见李白。结合首字母s，see表示“看见”，其动名词形式为seeing。 5．句意：当得知李白即将游历附近时，他写了一封信给李白，邀请他去拜访他的家乡。根据“visit his hometown”以及后文李白与汪伦见面，说明写信的目的是邀请李白来访。其结合首字母i，invite表示“邀请”。全文时态为一般过去时，故用过去式invited。 6．句意：在信中，汪伦将他的家乡描述为有十里桃花和万家酒店。根据后文第三段第二句的“‘peach flowers’ was the name of a pool of water”可知，此处是指peach flowers，意为“桃花”，对应典故“十里桃花”。 7．句意：当李白到达时，他找不到汪伦所描述的场景。前后两个完整分句，需要连词衔接时间逻辑，表达“当……时”。结合首字母w，when表示“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。 8．句意：汪伦解释说，“桃花”是一个水潭的名字，“万”是酒店主人的姓氏。空格前为“wine house”，后文说明“万”是一个姓氏，因此是酒店的主人。结合首字母o，owner表示“主人”，符合语境。 9．句意：他明白汪伦确实想见到他，两人成了好朋友。前文提到李白大笑，说明他理解了汪伦的小把戏。结合首字母u，understand表示“明白、理解”。全文时态为一般过去时，故用过去式understood。 10．句意：他明白汪伦确实想见到他，两人成了好朋友。前文提到汪伦用巧妙的方式邀请李白，说明他是真心想见李白。结合首字母t，truly表示“真正地、确实”，作副词修饰wanted，符合语境。 Passage 3 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词，使短文完整、正确。 Learning to be a good friend means learning the following rules. Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be a 1 to believe in each other. If you don’t tell the truth, you may l 2 your friends’ trust. Good friends always trust one a 3 to speak and do things honestly. Generosity means you are ready to s 4 . You don’t have to give your lunch money o 5 your clothes, of course. Instead you talk about your i 6 and feelings. By sharing them, you help your friends have a b 7 understanding of you. Understanding is important for everyone. Talking about the problem can m 8 it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in dealing with the problem. You must try to put y 9 in your friend’s place, so you can understand the problem better. No two friendships are the s 10 . But all true friendships have three things in common. In fact, good friendship will not easily last. You must give as much as you take. If you don’t, friendship will die away. 【答案】 1．able/ble 2．lose/ose 3．another/nother 4．share/hare 5．or/r 6．ideas/deas 7．better/etter 8．make/ake 9．yourself/ourself 10．same/ame 【导语】本文主要介绍了维系一段美好友谊需要遵守三条关键准则：诚实、乐于分享、懂得换位思考体谅对方。 【详解】 1．句意：朋友之间必须能够彼此信任。空前有be动词，固定搭配be able to do sth.意为“能够做某事”，首字母a对应able“能够”，符合语境。 2．句意：如果你不讲真话，就可能失去朋友的信任。“may”后接动词原形，根据“If you don’t tell the truth”可知，不说实话可能会失去朋友的信任。lose one’s trust意为“失去某人的信任”，首字母l对应动词lose“失去”，符合语境。 3．句意：好朋友总是彼此信任，说话做事都坦诚相待。固定短语one another意为“互相”，此处指相互信任，首字母a对应another，符合语境。 4．句意：慷慨意味着你乐于分享。固定结构be ready to do sth.意为“准备做某事”，空处需填动词原形。根据“Generosity”以及后文通篇出现share可知，首字母s对应动词share“分享”，符合语境。 5．句意：当然，你不必把午饭钱或者衣服都拿出来分享。根据“your lunch money…your clothes”可知，此处表示选择关系，首字母o对应连词or“或者”，符合语境。 6．句意：相反，你可以聊聊你的想法与感受。“and”连接并列的名词复数，此处指谈论想法和感受，首字母i对应名词复数ideas“想法”，对应分享的内容。 7．句意：通过分享这些，能让你的朋友更好地了解你。固定搭配have a better understanding of…意为“更好地了解……”，暗含对比。首字母b对应形容词better“更好的”，符合语境。 8．句意：把问题说出来，会让问题更容易解决。“can”后接动词原形，固定结构make+宾语+形容词比较级表示“使……变得”，首字母m对应使役动词make“使、让”，符合语境。 9．句意：你一定要试着设身处地为朋友着想，这样才能更好地理解问题。固定习语put yourself in one’s place意为“换位思考、站在别人的立场”，首字母y对应反身代词yourself“你自己”，符合语境。 10．句意：没有两段友谊是完全相同的。固定搭配the same意为“相同的”，此处表示不存在两份一模一样的友谊，首字母s对应形容词same“相同的”，符合语境。 Passage 4 Friendship is one of the most precious things in our lives. Everyone needs a t 1 friend who can understand and support us. A good friend will l 2 to your problems and offer help when you are in t 3 . Last year, I fell ill and missed many classes. My best friend, Lily, came to my house every afternoon. She h 4 me with my homework and told me funny stories to make me h 5 . With her help, I didn’t fall b 6 in my studies. Friendship also needs care and t 7 . We should remember our friends’ birthdays and spend time w 8 them. When our friends feel sad, we should try to c 9 them up. In a word, true friendship is like a warm sun. It can light up our lives and make us feel h 10 every day. 【答案】 1．true/rue 2．listen/isten 3．trouble/rouble 4．helped/elped 5．happy/appy 6．behind/ehind 7．trust/rust 8．with/ith 9．cheer/heer 10．happy/appy 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，围绕友谊展开，介绍了友谊的珍贵、作者自身有关友谊的经历以及维系友谊的方法。 【详解】 1．句意：每个人都需要一个能够理解并支持我们的真正的朋友。 “Everyone needs a t... friend who can understand and support us.”提示需要一个真正的朋友，true“真正的”，形容词修饰名词friend。 2．句意：好朋友会倾听你的烦恼，在你陷入困境时伸出援手。 “A good friend will l... to your problems and offer help when you are in t...”提示倾听问题并在困境中帮忙，listen to“倾听”，will后接动词原形 3． 句意：好朋友会倾听你的烦恼，在你陷入困境时伸出援手。 “A good friend will l... to your problems and offer help when you are in t...”提示倾听问题并在困境中帮忙，in trouble“处于困境中”，固定搭配。 4．句意：她辅导我做作业，还给我讲有趣的故事让我开心。“She h... me with my homework and told me funny stories to make me h...”提示她帮助我，去年发生的事用一般过去时，helped“帮助”。 5．句意：她辅导我做作业，还给我讲有趣的故事让我开心。make sb.+ 形容词；根据前文“funny stories”线索以及首字母h提示，happy“开心的”符合语境。 6．句意：在她的帮助下，我的学习没有落后。 “With her help, I didn’t fall b... in my studies.”提示没有在学习上落后，fall behind“落后”，固定短语。 7． 句意：友谊也需要呵护与信任。and连接并列名词；“Friendship also needs care and t...”提示与care并列的名词，trust“信任”，不可数名词。 8． 句意：我们应当记住朋友的生日，花时间陪伴他们。固定搭配spend time with sb.，根据前文“spend time”线索以及首字母w提示，故填with。 9． 句意：当朋友难过时，我们应该努力让他们振作起来。“we should try to c... them up”提示使情绪低落的人高兴起来，cheer up“使振作”，try to do sth.“尽力做某事”。 10．句意：它可以点亮我们的生活，让我们每天感到开心。 “make us feel h... every day”提示感到快乐，happy“快乐的”，feel为系动词后接形容词作表语。 Passage 5 Do you have a friend with an interesting background? Today, I’d like to tell you about a friend of m 1 with it. I’ll tell you a bit about her, such as where she’s from and why we’re good friends. You know, I didn’t use to do s 2 . However, a couple of years ago, I j 3 a fitness club. There, I met Linda. After the exercise, we had coffee together and b 4 good friends soon. I think we have a lot in c 5 —we both like to keep fit and love trying different food. And we love the ocean; in summer, we like to play at the b 6 and go swimming there. Linda was b 7 in London, but has lived in China for ten years. So she can s 8 both Chinese and English. That’s something different about us. Another d 9 is her background—Linda has experience and knowledge of two cultures. So, now you know a bit about my friend Linda. Although we might not always live in the same city in the f 10 , I think we’ll stay friends forever. 【答案】 1．(m)ine 2．(s)ports 3．(j)oined 4．(b)ecame 5．(c)ommon 6．(b)each 7．(b)orn 8．(s)peak 9．(d)ifference 10．(f)uture 【导语】本文是作者分享了和好朋友Linda的故事。 1．句意：今天，我想告诉你们一个关于我的朋友的故事。根据“tell you about a friend of ”可知，介绍我的一位朋友，a+名词+of+名词性物主代词，是双重所有格结构，mine“我的”，名词性物主代词，故填(m)ine。 2．句意：你知道，我以前不做运动。根据“a fitness club”及do可知，此处指不做运动，do sports“做运动”，故填(s)ports。 3．句意：然而，几年前，我加入了一个健身俱乐部。根据“a fitness club”及首字母可知，加入了一个俱乐部，join“加入”，结合“a couple of years ago”可知，此句是一般过去时，故填(j)oined。 4．句意：锻炼后，我们一起喝咖啡，很快就成了好朋友。根据“we had coffee together and …good friends soon”及首字母可知，成为了好朋友，become“成为”，根据had可知，此空应填过去式，故填(b)ecame。 5．句意：我认为我们有很多共同点。根据“we both like to keep fit and love trying different food”可知，讲述彼此的共同点，have sth in common“有共同点”，故填(c)ommon。 6．句意：我们都喜欢海洋；夏天，我们喜欢在海滩上玩耍并在那里游泳。根据“in summer, we like to play at the”及“go swimming”可知，在海滩上玩耍，beach“海滩”，故填(b)each。 7．句意：琳达出生在伦敦，但在中国生活了十年。根据“in London”及首字母可知，此处用be born in表示“出生于”，故填(b)orn。 8．句意：所以她会说中文和英文。根据“both Chinese and English”及首字母可知，会说中文和英文，speak“说”，can后接动词原形，故填(s)peak。 9．句意：另一个不同点是她的背景。根据“That’s something different about us.”可知，此处介绍不同点，another后接名词difference表示“差异，区别”，故填(d)ifference。 10．句意：虽然我们将来可能不会总是住在同一个城市。根据“we might not always live in the same city in the”及首字母可知，此处用in the future表示“在将来”，故填(f)uture。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，根据首字母或语境提示，用适当的词填空，每空一词。 Jack and Peter have been neighbours since childhood. At first, they did not get along well because they had d 1 hobbies. Jack loved painting while Peter was crazy about basketball. They seldom spoke to each other.    One rainy afternoon, Jack was walking home from school when he saw an old lady struggling to carry heavy bags. He ran to help, but the bags were too heavy for one person. Just then, Peter came by and o 2 to help without hesitation. Together, they carried the bags all the way to the old lady’s house. The old lady thanked them warmly and said, “You boys make a wonderful t 3 .” Jack and Peter looked at each other and smiled. That day, they discovered that kindness was something they had in c 4 . Since then, they have become close friends. Jack has learned some basketball s 5 from Peter, and Peter has tried painting with Jack’s guidance. They often say that their friendship is b 6 on shared kindness rather than shared interests. Last week, Peter made a m 7 in an important exam and felt very upset. Jack did not laugh at him. I 8 , he encouraged Peter to keep trying. Peter was so t 9 that he wrote in his diary: “A true friend is someone who s 10 with you not only in happy moments but also in hard times.” 【答案】 1．different/ifferent 2．offered/ffered 3．team/eam 4．common/ommon 5．skills/kills 6．based/ased 7．mistake/istake 8．Instead/nstead 9．touched/ouched/thankful/hankful 10．stays/tays/stands/tands 【导语】本文主要讲述了Jack和Peter从互不了解到成为好朋友的故事。 【详解】 1． 句意：起初，他们相处得不好，因为他们有不同的爱好。根据后文“Jack loved painting while Peter was crazy about basketball.”可知，两人爱好不同。d开头，填different（形容词，意为“不同的”），修饰hobbies。 2．句意：就在这时，Peter路过并毫不犹豫地主动提出帮忙。根据语境，Peter主动提出帮忙。o开头，填offered（动词过去式，意为“主动提出”），固定搭配offer to do sth.，该空所在语境为过去时态。 3．句意：老奶奶热情地感谢他们，并说：“你们俩真是好搭档。”根据语境，老奶奶夸赞两人配合得好，像一个团队。t开头，填team（名词，意为“团队”），a wonderful team表示“很好的搭档/组合”。 4．句意：那天，他们发现善良是他们共同拥有的东西。固定搭配have…in common意为“有共同之处”，c开头，填common（形容词，意为“共同的”）。 5．句意：Jack从Peter那里学了一些篮球技巧，而Peter也曾在Jack的指导下尝试过绘画。 根据语境，Peter教Jack篮球方面的技能。s开头，填skills（some后加名词复数，意为“技巧、技能”）。 6．句意：他们常说他们的友谊是建立在共同的善良之上，而非共同的兴趣。根据“on shared kindness”可知他们的友谊基于共同的善良，固定搭配be based on意为“基于……”。 7．句意：上周，Peter在一次重要考试中犯了错误，感到很沮丧。根据“in an important exam and felt very upset”可知是在考试中犯错，固定搭配make a mistake意为“犯错”。 8．句意：相反，他鼓励Peter继续努力。根据语境，前后句为转折对比关系，表示“相反、反而”。I开头，填Instead（副词，意为“相反”），位于句首首字母大写。 9．句意：Peter深受感动/非常感激，他在日记中写道：“真正的朋友是不仅在快乐时陪伴你，也在艰难时刻与你同在/支持你的人”。前文Jack鼓励Peter，Peter应感到“感动”或“感激”。t开头，可填touched（形容词，意为“感动的”）或thankful（形容词，意为“感激的”）。 10．句意：Peter深受感动/非常感激，他在日记中写道：“真正的朋友是不仅在快乐时陪伴你，也在艰难时刻与你同在/支持你的人”。根据语境，表示“陪伴、站在你身边”。s开头，可填stay意为“停留、陪伴”或stands意为“站立”，stand with sb.表示“支持某人”。句子是一般现在时，关系词who指代不定代词someone，从句的谓语动词用单三。 Passage 7 Two families lived c 1 by. In one family, there were always arguments, while the other family lived d 2 . They were happy every day. The wife in the first family was q 3 jealous (嫉妒的) of the second family. One day, she said to her husband, “Go to the neighbours and see why they are always so l 4 and happy.” The husband went to visit their neighbours. He and the neighbour’s husband were talking happily in the l 5 room, while the wife was cleaning the floor. Suddenly, something in the kitchen made a loud s 6 . The wife hurried to the kitchen. Her husband also got up and tried to go to the kitchen. But he accidentally (不小心) k 7 over a bucket (桶) on the floor, and water went everywhere. When his wife came back from the kitchen, she didn’t s 8 at her husband but said in a soft voice, “I’m sorry, dear. It’s my fault (过错) because I didn’t move the bucket out of the way.” The husband replied, “No, I’m sorry, dear. It’s my fault because I didn’t notice it.” They kept s 9 sorry to each other . As the man from the first family r 10 home, his wife asked, “Did you find out anything?” “I think I did,” he replied. “You see, we always want to be right, but they are patient with each other and they each take responsibility (责任) for themselves. We should learn how to treat each other from them.” 【答案】 1．(c)lose 2．(d)ifferently 3．(q)uite 4．(l)ively 5．(l)iving 6．(s)ound 7．(k)nocked 8．(s)hout 9．(s)aying 10．(r)eturned 【导语】本文通过对比两个家庭处理意外事件的不同态度，说明互相体谅、主动承担责任对家庭和睦的重要性。 【详解】 1．句意：两家人住得很近。close by“在附近”。故填(c)lose。 2．句意：在一个家庭，总是有争论，而另一个家庭生活不同。根据“They were happy every day”可知与吵架那家人不同，结合首字母d可知用differently表示“不同地”，副词修饰动词。故填(d)ifferently。 3．句意：第一家妻子相当嫉妒第二家。根据“jealous”和首字母q可知，quite“相当”符合语境。故填(q)uite。 4．句意：去看看邻居为什么总是这么活泼快乐。此处填与happy并列的表积极含义的形容词，结合首字母l可知用lively表示“活泼的”。故填(l)ively。 5．句意：他和另一个丈夫在客厅愉快地交谈，而妻子正在打扫地板。根据“He and the other husband were talking happily in the l... room”可知客人来了会在客厅交谈，结合首字母l，living room“客厅”符合语境。故填(l)iving。 6．句意：突然，厨房里有什么东西发出了一声巨响。根据“made a loud ...”可知发出很大声响，结合首字母s，sound“声音”符合语境。故填(s)ound。 7．句意：但是他不小心打翻了地板上的一个桶，水溅得到处都是。根据“over a bucket”可推出是打翻了桶，结合首字母k可知knock over“碰翻”符合语境，用过去式。故填(k)nocked。 8．句意：当他的妻子从厨房回来时，她没有对丈夫大喊大叫，而是用柔和的声音说：“对不起，亲爱的。这是我的错，因为我没有把桶移开。”根据“said in a soft voice”可知没有喊叫，结合首字母s，shout“喊叫”符合语境，didn’t后接动词原形。故填(s)hout。 9．句意：他们一直互相说对不起。keep doing“持续做”，say sorry“道歉”符合语境。故填(s)aying。 10．句意：当第一家庭的男人回到家时，他的妻子问：“你有什么发现吗？”return home“回家”，此处用过去式。故填(r)eturned。 Passage 8 Let me tell you something about my friends. I have three best friends, Tom, Amy and Helen. Tom, Amy and I go to the s 1 school and they are my classmates. Tom is one of the t 2 boys in our class. He is even taller than our English teacher, Mrs Zhang. Tom is a really good friend of mine. When I feel sad, he can always make me feel happy. Sometimes he makes a face (做鬼脸) and makes me l 3 . Amy, on the other hand, is very kind and gentle (文静的). She is not as funny as Tom, but she is h 4 and generous. I can always talk to her about my p 5 . She likes to help people. I think she will be a good doctor when she g 6 up. Helen is from the USA．She is my penfriend. Although we do not see each other very often, I s 7 think of her as one of my best friends. We talk on the internet as much as we can and I often tell her good news a 8 my school, my friends and my family. I like to s 9 my joy with her. Helen is a true friend. She always tells me her h 10 opinions (看法), so I always ask her for opinions when I plan to buy new clothes. My friends are all nice to me, and I love them very much. 【答案】 1．same/ame 2．tallest/allest 3．laugh/augh 4．helpful/elpful 5．problems/roblems 6．grows/rows 7．still/till 8．about/bout 9．share/hare 10．honest/onest 【导语】本文介绍了作者的三位好朋友汤姆、艾米和海伦，分别讲述了他们各自的性格特点以及作者和他们之间的相处故事，表达了作者对朋友们的喜爱与珍视。 【详解】 1．句意：汤姆、艾米和我上同一所学校，他们是我的同班同学。后文提到“they are my classmates（他们是我的同班同学）”，既然是同班同学，说明汤姆、艾米和“我”在“同一所”学校上学。首字母为s，same意为“相同的”，“go to the same school”是常用表达，意思是“上同一所学校”，符合语境逻辑。 2．句意：汤姆是我们班最高的男孩之一。句子结构为“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，表示“……中最……之一”；后文“He is even taller than our English teacher（他甚至比我们英语老师还高）”进一步说明汤姆的身高特点，强调他在班级里的身高处于前列。首字母为t，tall的最高级形式是tallest，“one of the tallest boys”表示“最高的男孩之一”，符合语法结构和语境表意。 3．句意：有时他做鬼脸，逗得我大笑。前文提到汤姆做鬼脸（makes a face），结合常识，做鬼脸的目的是逗人发笑；且句子结构为“make sb. do sth.（让某人做某事）”，需要填动词原形。首字母为l，laugh意为“笑；发笑”，“make me laugh”即“让我笑”，符合语境中汤姆通过做鬼脸逗“我”开心的逻辑。 4．句意：她不如汤姆有趣，但她很乐于助人且慷慨。后文“She likes to help people（她喜欢帮助别人）”是对艾米性格的补充说明，说明她具有“乐于助人的”品质；该空需要一个形容词与“generous（慷慨的）”并列，描述艾米的性格。首字母为h，helpful意为“有帮助的；乐于助人的”，能准确体现艾米喜欢帮助他人的性格特点，与后文内容呼应。 5．句意：我总是可以和她谈论我的烦恼（问题）。句子表达的是“我总是可以和她谈论我的……”，结合朋友之间的交流场景，通常会谈论烦恼、问题等；且“problem”是可数名词，这里用复数形式更符合表达习惯（泛指各类问题）。首字母为p，problems是“problem”的复数形式，意为“问题；难题”，“talk about my problems”即“谈论我的问题”，符合朋友间交流心事的语境。 6．句意：我认为当她长大后，她会成为一名好医生。句子结构为“when she...up”，结合常识和语境，这里表达的是“当她长大后”；grow up是固定短语，意为“长大；成长”，主语“she”是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词要用第三人称单数形式。首字母为g，grow的第三人称单数形式是grows，“when she grows up”即“当她长大后”，符合句子时态和语义要求。 7．句意：虽然我们不见面很频繁，但我仍然把她当作我最好的朋友之一。前文提到“Although we do not see each other very often（虽然我们不见面很频繁）”，后文表达的是“我……把她当作我最好的朋友之一”，前后存在转折关系，强调尽管见面少，但“仍然”把她当好朋友。首字母为s，still意为“仍然；还”，能准确体现这种转折后的持续状态，符合语境逻辑。 8．句意：我经常告诉她关于我的学校、朋友和家人的好消息。句子表达的是“我经常告诉她……我的学校、朋友和家人的好消息”，这里需要一个介词来引出消息的内容，“tell sb. about sth.”是固定搭配，意为“告诉某人关于某事”。首字母为a，about意为“关于”，“good news about my school...”即“关于我的学校……的好消息”，符合固定搭配和语境表意。 9．句意：我喜欢和她分享我的快乐。句子表达的是“我喜欢和她……我的快乐”，结合朋友间的相处模式，“分享快乐”是常见行为；且“like to do sth.”是固定结构，需要填动词原形。首字母为s，share意为“分享”，“share my joy with her”即“和她分享我的快乐”，符合语境中“我”和笔友海伦交流快乐的逻辑。 10．句意：她总是告诉我她诚实的看法。后文“so I always ask her for opinions when I plan to buy new clothes（所以我计划买新衣服时总是征求她的意见）”说明海伦的看法很真诚、可靠，该空需要一个形容词修饰“opinions（看法）”。首字母为h，honest意为“诚实的；真诚的”，“her honest opinions”即“她真诚的看法”，能解释为什么“我”买衣服时会征求她的意见，符合语境逻辑。 Passage 9 Friendship is one of the most important things in our lives. It is the f 1 gift we can get from the world. True friendship b 2 people close together. When you are happy, your friends will share your joy; when you are in t 3 , they will offer their help without hesitation. To keep a good friendship, we need to t 4 each other first. Never lie to your friends, because honesty is the b 5 of friendship. Also, we should l 6 to their problems carefully and try our best to s 7 them. Last month, I lost my favorite watch and felt very sad. My best friend Tom spent three hours h 8 me look for it. Finally, we found it under the tree. I was so g 9 to him. This experience made our friendship s 10 than before. 【答案】 1．finest/inest 2．brings/rings 3．trouble/rouble 4．trust/rust 5．base/ase 6．listen/isten 7．solve/olve 8．helping/elping 9．grateful/rateful 10．stronger/tronger 【导语】本文先点明友谊的重要意义，介绍维系良好友谊的核心原则，再结合自身好友帮忙找回丢失手表的亲身经历，阐述了友谊的珍贵以及正确经营友谊能让情谊更加牢固的内涵。 【详解】 1．句意：这是我们能从世界上得到的最好的礼物。此处修饰名词gift，且前面有定冠词the，应用形容词的最高级，根据上文“Friendship is one of the most important things in our lives.”及首字母f提示可知，应用形容词最高级finest，意为“最好的”，符合语境。 2．句意：真正的友谊使人们走得更近。此处作谓语，主语True friendship是单数，结合后文“people close together”及首字母b提示可知，此处应填动词三单brings，构成固定搭配bring ... close together，意为“使……靠得更近、拉近……之间的距离”。 3．句意：当你快乐的时候，你的朋友会分享你的快乐；当你遇到困难时，他们会毫不犹豫地提供帮助。此处是固定短语in trouble，意为“处于困境中”，符合后文朋友会提供帮助的语境。 4．句意：要保持良好的友谊，首先要相互信任。need to后接动词原形，结合后文“Never lie to your friends”及首字母t提示可知，此处应填动词trust，表示“要彼此信任”。 5．句意：永远不要对朋友撒谎，因为诚实是友谊的基础。定冠词the后需接名词，此处表达“诚实是友谊的基础”，结合首字母b提示可知，此处应填base，the base of意为“……的基础”。 6．句意：此外，我们应该仔细倾听他们的问题，并尽我们最大的努力解决它们。情态动词should后应接动词原形，搭配宾语problems，结合首字母l提示可知，此处应填listen，构成短语listen to，意为“倾听”。 7．句意：此外，我们应该仔细倾听他们的问题，并尽我们最大的努力解决它们。try one’s best to后接动词原形，承接前文“problems”，结合首字母s提示可知，此处应填solve，意为“解决”。 8．句意：我最好的朋友汤姆花了三个小时帮我找它。此处是固定结构spend time doing sth.，结合首字母h及语境是“花三小时帮我找手表”，用动词help“帮助”的动名词形式helping。 9．句意：我非常感激他。此处需要形容词作表语，上文叙述了朋友帮我找回了手表，对此我应表达“感激”，结合首字母g提示可知，应填grateful。 10．句意：这次经历使我们的友谊比以前更加牢固。此处是“make+宾语+宾补”结构，且后文有than表比较，此处应用形容词的比较级，结合语境“让我们的友谊比之前更牢固”及首字母s提示可知，应填形容词strong的比较级stronger。 Passage 10 Friendship is one of the most important things in our lives. Everyone needs a t 1 friend who can share joys and sorrows with us. A true friend will t 2 you and keep your secrets. When you are in trouble, he or she will try his or her best to h 3 you. Last term, I had a big a 4 with my best friend, Li Ming. We didn’t talk to each other for a week. I felt very sad because I didn’t want to l 5 our friendship. Then I decided to say sorry to him. To my surprise, he said he was also wrong. We f 6 each other and became closer than before. Now we often s 7 our feelings with each other. When I have p 8 with my study, he always helps me. I believe a good friendship will l 9 forever if we care about each other. I am lucky to have such a good friend in my life. I hope everyone can find their t 10 friends. 【答案】 1．true/rue 2．trust/rust 3．help/elp 4．argument/rgument 5．lose/ose 6．forgave/orgave 7．share/hare 8．problems/roblems 9．last/ast 10．true/rue 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和最好的朋友Li Ming因一次争吵而冷战了一周，最终通过真诚道歉与互相宽恕和好如初，并以此探讨了真正的友谊需要互相信任、分享、支持与维持的深刻道理。 【详解】 1．句意：每个人都需要一个真正的朋友，他能和我们同甘共苦。根据首字母提示“t”以及后文“A true friend”的呼应可知，此处表示“真正的”朋友；在句中作定语修饰单数名词“friend”应用形容词原形，所以填入true。 2．句意：一个真正的朋友会信任你并保守你的秘密。根据首字母提示“t”以及并列连词“and”后的“keep your secrets”可知，信任并保守秘密是好朋友的特征；且空前有助动词“will”，其后需接动词原形作并列谓语，所以填入trust。 3．句意：当你处于困境时，他或她会尽力帮助你。根据首字母提示“h”以及空前条件状语从句“When you are in trouble”可知，朋友会在困难时伸出援手；此处是固定搭配“try/do one’s best to do sth.”意为“尽力做某事”，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形，所以填入help。 4．句意：上学期，我和我最好的朋友Li Ming发生了一场大争吵。根据首字母提示“a”以及空前的“had a big”和后文“We didn’t talk to each other for a week”可知，两人之间发生了摩擦；此处是固定搭配“have an argument with sb.”意为“与某人发生争吵”，前面有不定冠词“a”修饰，需用可数名词单数形式，所以填入argument。 5．句意：我感到非常难过，因为我不想失去我们的友谊。根据首字母提示“l”以及前文作者因为吵架不说话感到难过“felt very sad”可知，此处指他不想“失去”这段友谊；空前有不定式符号“to”提示需接动词原形，所以填入lose。 6．句意：我们原谅了彼此，并且比以前更亲密了。根据首字母提示“f”以及前文“I decided to say sorry to him. To my surprise, he said he was also wrong.”可知，两人互相道歉后“原谅”了彼此；且由并列谓语“became”提示整句陈述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时，forgive的过去式为forgave。故填forgave。 7．句意：现在我们经常和彼此分享我们的感受。根据首字母提示“s”以及空后的“our feelings with each other”可知，此处是固定搭配“share sth. with sb.”意为“与某人分享某物”；且空前有频度副词“often”提示本句用一般现在时，主语为“we”，谓语动词需用原形形式，所以填入share。 8．句意：当我在学习上遇到困难时，他总是帮助我。根据首字母提示“p”以及后文“he always helps me”的语境可知，此处指在学习上遇到了“问题/困难”；此处是固定搭配“have problems with sth.”意为“在某方面有困难/出问题”，所以填入复数形式problems。 9．句意：我相信，如果我们关心彼此，一段好的友谊将会永远持续。根据首字母提示“l”以及空后的“forever”可知，此处表示友谊将“持续”到永远；空前有情态动词“will”，其后需接动词原形，所以填入last。 10．句意：我希望每个人都能找到他们真正的朋友。根据首字母提示“t”以及本段第一句“Friendship is one of the most important things…”对真挚友谊的赞美可知，此处再次强调寻找“真正的”朋友；在句中作定语修饰复数名词“friends”应用形容词原形，所以填入true。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $