Unit 1 Growing up 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语外研版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦“Growing up”主题，构建“词汇-语法-语篇”渐进式训练体系，强化语言能力与思维品质协同发展。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |小题夯基|首字母填空等5类共45题|基础词汇语法专项|从单词拼写、词性转换到句式运用，夯实语言基础| |综合攻坚|语法填空等3类共30题|语篇综合应用|通过语篇训练提升上下文理解与逻辑推理能力，培养思维品质|

Unit 1 Growing up 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 参考答案 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据首字母填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1. integrity 2. milestone 3. selfish 4. mature 5. tempted 二、根据汉语提示填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1. virtues 2. approve 3. commitment 4. subtle 5. pondered 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. integrity 2. Gradually 3. approval 4. selfish 5. instantly 6. commitment 7. various/varied 8. suitable 9. tempted 10. pondering 四、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.B 五、完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1. didn’t ponder 2. Did; commit 3. so; that 4. take responsibility for 5. What 6. mature enough 7. such; that 8. spends; pondering 9. How much trouble 10. Would; like 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 36. where 37. central 38. for 39. and 40. myself 41. is 42. to discover 43. absence 44. afternoons 45. left 二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 21-25 DBADB 26-30. CACCB 31-35. ACDAB 3、 七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 36-40.DBFCG 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Growing up 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据首字母填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1. We should have i________ and never lie to others in our life. ________ 2. Turning 18 is an important m________ in one’s growth. ________ 3. Don’t be s________; learn to share and care about others. ________ 4. He is m________ enough to take responsibility for his mistakes. ________ 5. Many teenagers are t________ by online games every day. ________ 二、根据汉语提示填空。（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1. We should stick to our ________ (美德) and behave well. ________ 2. Most parents ________ (赞成) of their children’s positive hobbies. ________ 3. He made a ________ (投入) to work hard for his future. ________ 4. The change of his mood is very ________ (微妙的). ________ 5. He ________ (沉思) on his future path after the coming-of-age ceremony. ________ 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. He behaved with great ________ (integrate) in face of temptation. ________ 2. ________ (gradual), I understood the true meaning of adulthood. ________ 3. His parents gave their full ________ (approve) to his decision. ________ 4. The ________ (self) boy finally learned to care about others. ________ 5. She felt ________ (instant) relaxed after making the promise. ________ 6. Young people should make a ________ (commit) to self-improvement. ________ 7. Different people have ________ (vary) opinions on growing up. ________ 8. This way of solving problems is not ________ (suit) for teenagers. ________ 9. The advertisement ________ (tempt) many kids to buy useless things yesterday. ________ 10. He sat there quietly, ________ (ponder) over his growth experience. ________ 四、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 1. Only when you gain enough experience can you become truly ________ and take on responsibilities. ________ A. selfish B. mature C. subtle D. instant 2. Most parents won’t ________ of teenagers dropping school to work ahead of time. ________ A. approve B. ponder C. tempt D. commit 3. The 18-year-old birthday is regarded as an important ________ separating childhood and adulthood. ________ A. virtue B. commitment C. milestone D. arithmetic 4. Many teenagers may be ________ to waste too much time on online entertainment. ________ A. tempted B. varied C. suited D. ignored 5. A man with great ________ will stick to his principles no matter what happens. ________ A. majority B. integrity C. household D. temptation 6. He ________ himself to volunteer work after attending the coming-of-age ceremony. ________ A. committed B. suited C. pondered D. tempted 7. Don’t be too ________；you need to learn to care about people around you. ________ A. instant B. selfish C. gradual D. subtle 8. He sat quietly, ________ about what being an adult really means. ________ A. tempting B. approving C. pondering D. varying 9. The ________ desire for comfort will stop you from making progress. ________ A. instantly B. gradually C. instant D. steadily 10. Opinions on the coming-of-age ceremony ________ from student to student. ________ A. vary B. commit C. approve D. ponder 11. ________ most young people expect the adult ceremony, some feel anxious about future duties. ________ A. Despite B. Within C. Beyond D. Towards 12. You should learn to control the ________ of lazy thoughts deep inside your heart. ________ A. commitment B. temptation C. virtue D. milestone 13. ________, he understood the love hidden in his parents’ strict requirements. ________ A. Instantly B. Gradually C. Swiftly D. Possibly 14. She put forward a plan not ________ for most fresh teenagers. ________ A. suitable B. instant C. selfish D. subtle 15. The ________ of students hope to gain more freedom after turning eighteen. ________ A. minority B. majority C. virtue D. commitment 五、完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1. I pondered the meaning of adulthood day and night last year.（改为否定句） I ________________ the meaning of adulthood day and night last year. 2. The teenager committed himself to improving personal virtue.（改为一般疑问句） ________ the teenager ________ himself to improving personal virtue? 3. 诱惑的力量如此强大，以至于不少学生难以坚守本心。 The temptation is ________ powerful ________ many students cannot stick to their original mind. 4. 步入成年之后，我们必须为自身的所有选择承担责任。 We have to ________________ all our choices after stepping into adulthood. 5. Most youngsters long for parents’ approval.（对划线parents’ approval提问） ________ do most youngsters long for? 6. He was so immature that he couldn’t resist temptation.（同义句改写） He was not ________ ________ to resist temptation. 7. 这是一场意义非凡的成人礼，它标记着童年的落幕。 It is ________ an extraordinary coming-of-age ceremony ________ it marks the end of childhood. 8. It took him three years to gradually get rid of selfishness.（同义句） He ________ three years ________ over how to abandon selfishness. 9. The temptation of games brings trouble to plenty of teens.（改为感叹句） ________ ________ the temptation of games brings to plenty of teens! 10. She’d like to get official approval for her growth plan.（改为一般疑问句） ________ she ________ to get official approval for her growth plan? 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （2025新高考2）I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____37____ (center) heating doesn’t exist. Nothing in my life before prepared me ____38____ this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt ____39____ learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found ____40____ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____41____ (be) one of them. Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____42____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____43____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____44____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____45____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 （2024新高考1） When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___21___, Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___28___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 21. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle 22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 25. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test 26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed 27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 28. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties 29. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth 30. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale 31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 34. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities 35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified 3、 七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2023新高考1）Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____36____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____37____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____38____ You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____39____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____40____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Growing up 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据首字母填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1. We should have i________ and never lie to others in our life. 答案：integrity 解析：名词，意为“诚实；正直”。句意：生活中我们应当拥有正直的品格，永远不要欺骗他人。have integrity 拥有正直的品质。 2.  Turning 18 is an important m________ in one’s growth. 答案：milestone 解析：名词，意为“里程碑；重大事件”。句意：年满18岁是一个人成长当中重要的里程碑。an important milestone 一个重要里程碑。 3.  Don’t be s________; learn to share and care about others. 答案：selfish 解析：形容词，意为“自私的”。句意：不要自私，学会分享、关心他人。后文learn to share 提示反义词自私。 4.  He is m________ enough to take responsibility for his mistakes. 答案：mature 解析：形容词，意为“成熟的”。句意：他足够成熟，愿意为自己犯下的错误承担责任。be mature enough to do 足够成熟去做某事。 5.  Many teenagers are t________ by online games every day. 答案：tempted 解析：被动语态，tempt动词“诱惑”；be tempted by 被……诱惑。句意：很多青少年每天都受到网络游戏的诱惑。 二、根据汉语提示填空。（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1. We should stick to our ________ (美德) and behave well. 答案：virtues 解析：virtue n.美德；可数名词，our后接复数。句意：我们应当坚守美德，举止得体。 2.  Most parents ________ (赞成) of their children’s positive hobbies. 答案：approve 解析：固定搭配 approve of 赞成；主语parents一般现在时，用动词原形。 3.  He made a ________ (投入) to work hard for his future. 答案：commitment 解析：固定短语 make a commitment to do 承诺/投入做某事；commitment名词，投入、承诺。 4.  The change of his mood is very ________ (微妙的). 答案：subtle 解析：形容词subtle，微妙的，作表语。句意：他情绪的变化十分微妙。 5.  He ________ (沉思) on his future path after the coming‑of‑age ceremony. 答案：pondered 解析：ponder on 沉思；本句描述过去发生，用一般过去时pondered。句意：成人礼过后，他沉思自己未来的道路。 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. He behaved with great ________ (integrate) in face of temptation. 答案：integrity 解析：介词with后面需要名词；integrate动词“使合并”，名词形式integrity“正直，诚实”。with great integrity 怀着极大的正直品格。 2.  ________ (gradual), I understood the true meaning of adulthood. 答案：Gradually 解析：副词作整个句子的状语，gradual形容词，gradually副词“渐渐地”，句首首字母大写。 3.  His parents gave their full ________ (approve) to his decision. 答案：approval 解析：形容词full后面接名词；approve动词，approval名词“赞同”。give full approval to 完全赞同…… 4.  The ________ (self) boy finally learned to care about others. 答案：selfish 解析：修饰名词boy需要形容词；self名词“自我”，selfish形容词“自私的”。句意：这个自私的男孩终于学会关心别人。 5.  She felt ________ (instant) relaxed after making the promise. 答案：instantly 解析：修饰形容词relaxed要用副词；instant形容词，instantly副词“立刻”。 6.  Young people should make a ________ (commit) to self‑improvement. 答案：commitment 解析：冠词a后面接名词；commit动词，commitment名词“承诺，投入”。make a commitment to 承诺…… 7.  Different people have ________ (vary) opinions on growing up. 答案：various/varied 解析：修饰名词opinions，用形容词；vary动词，various/varied形容词意为“各种各样的”。 8.  This way of solving problems is not ________ (suit) for teenagers 答案：suitable 解析：固定搭配 be suitable for 适合……；suit动词，suitable形容词。 9.  The advertisement ________ (tempt) many kids to buy useless things yesterday. 答案：tempted 解析：时间状语yesterday（昨天），谓语动词使用一般过去时tempted。 10.  He sat there quietly, ________ (ponder) over his growth experience. 答案：pondering 解析：现在分词作伴随状语。主语he和ponder是主动关系，用pondering。句意：他安静坐在那里，思索自己的成长经历。 四、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 1. Only by accumulating enough life experiences can you really be ______ and take on responsibilities. A. selfish B. mature C. subtle D. instant 答案：B 解析：mature adj.成熟的。句意：只有积累足够阅历，你才能真正成熟并承担责任。selfish自私的；subtle微妙的；instant立刻的。 2. Most parents will not ______ of teenagers dropping out of school to work early. A. approve B. ponder C. tempt D. commit 答案：A 解析：固定搭配approve of 赞成、认可。句意：大多数家长不会赞成青少年辍学提前打工。ponder思考；tempt诱惑；commit投入。 3. The 18‑year‑old birthday is seen as an important ______ between childhood and adulthood. A. virtue B. commitment C. milestone D. arithmetic 答案：C 解析：milestone n.里程碑。句意：18岁生日被视作划分童年与成年的重要里程碑。virtue美德；commitment投入；arithmetic算术。 4. Many teenagers may be ______ to waste plenty of time on online entertainment. A. tempted B. varied C. suited D. ignored 答案：A 解析：be tempted to do 被诱惑去做……。句意：很多青少年可能受诱惑，在网络娱乐上浪费大量时间。varied各种各样的；suited适合；ignored忽视。 5. A person of high ______ will stick to principles no matter what happens. A. majority B. integrity C. household D. temptation 答案：B 解析：integrity n.正直，诚实。句意：拥有崇高正直品格的人，无论发生什么都会坚守原则。majority大多数；household家庭；temptation诱惑。 6. After the coming‑of‑age ceremony, he ______ himself to volunteer work. A. committed B. suited C. pondered D. tempted 答案：A 解析：commit oneself to 投身于、致力于。句意：参加完成人礼之后，他投身志愿工作。suit适合；ponder思索；tempt诱惑。 7. Don’t be too ______; you should learn to care about people around you. A. instant B. selfish C. gradual D. subtle 答案：B 解析：selfish adj.自私的。句意：不要太自私，你要学会关心身边的人。instant立刻的；gradual逐渐的；subtle微妙的。 8. He sat quietly, ______ about what it really means to be an adult. A. tempting B. approving C. pondering D. varying 答案：C 解析：ponder about 思索；现在分词作伴随状语。句意：他安静坐着，思索成为成年人真正意味着什么。tempt诱惑；approve赞成；vary变化。 9. The ______ desire for comfort may stop you from making progress. A. instantly B. swiftly C. instant D. possibly 答案：C 解析：instant adj.即时的，修饰名词desire用形容词。句意：贪图安逸的即时欲望，会阻碍你进步。其余选项均为副词，不能修饰名词。 10. Opinions on the coming‑of‑age ceremony ______ from student to student. A. vary B. commit C. approve D. ponder 答案：A 解析：vary from…to… 从……到……各不相同。句意：对于成人礼，学生们观点各不相同。commit投入；approve赞同；ponder思考。 11. ______ most young people look forward to the coming‑of‑age ceremony, some feel anxious about future responsibilities. A. Despite B. Within C. Beyond D. Towards 答案：A 解析：despite 尽管（介词）。句意：尽管多数年轻人期待成人礼，但一部分人对未来责任感到焦虑。within在之内；beyond超出；towards朝向。 12. You should learn to resist the ______ of laziness deep inside your heart. A. commitment B. temptation C. virtue D. milestone 答案：B 解析：temptation n.诱惑。句意：你要学会克制内心深处懒惰念头的诱惑。commitment投入；virtue美德；milestone里程碑。 13. ______, he understood the love hidden in his parents’ strict requirements. A. Instantly B. Gradually C. Swiftly D. Possibly 答案：B 解析：gradually adv.渐渐地。句意：渐渐地，他读懂藏在父母严苛要求里的爱。instantly立刻；swiftly迅速地；possibly可能。 14. The plan she put forward is not ______ for most newly‑adult teenagers. A. suitable B. instant C. selfish D. subtle 答案：A 解析：be suitable for 适合。句意：她提出的方案，对大部分刚成年的青少年并不合适。instant即刻；selfish自私；subtle微妙。 15. ______ of the students expect more freedom after turning eighteen. A. Minority B. The majority C. Virtue D. Commitment 答案：B 解析：the majority of ……的大多数。句意：大多数学生盼望十八岁之后获得更多自由。minority少数；virtue美德；commitment投入。 五、完成句子（10小题，每题2分，共20分） 1. Last year I ______ ______ (没有思索) day and night about the meaning of being an adult. 答案：did not ponder 解析：last year为一般过去时，实义动词ponder变否定借助助动词did，后面动词还原原形。 句意：去年我没有日夜思索成年的意义。 2. ______ the teenager ______ (致力于) improving his personal virtues? 答案：Did; commit 解析：一般过去时一般疑问句，助动词Did放句首，谓语动词变回原形commit。 句意：这个青少年致力于提升个人品德吗？ 3. He is ______ hard‑working ______ he wins respect from others. (如此……以至于) 答案：so; that 解析：so +形容词 + that从句，“如此……以至于……”，结果状语从句。 4. As an adult, you have to ______ ______ ______ (为……承担责任) your own decisions. 答案：take responsibility for 解析：固定短语 take responsibility for 为……承担责任；have to后接动词原形。 5. ______ do most young people long for? (对宾语提问) 答案：What 解析：对宾语 parents’ approval 事物提问，疑问词用What。句意：大多数年轻人渴望得到什么？ 6. He is not ______ ______ (足够成熟) to make such a serious decision. 答案：mature enough 解析：not + adj. enough to do 不够……去做。句意：他还不够成熟，无法做出如此重大的决定。 7. It is ______ a valuable lesson ______ it changes his whole attitude towards growth. (如此……以至于) 答案：such; that 解析：such + a/an +形容词 +名词 +that从句，如此……以至于。 8. It took him hours to think over his growth. = He ______ hours ______ over his growth. 答案：spent; pondering 解析：句型：It took sb +时间 to do = sb spend +时间 (in) doing；原句took为过去式，spend改为spent；ponder用动名词pondering。 9. ______ ______ (多么麻烦) he has met during his growing process! 答案：What trouble 解析：感叹句，中心词trouble是不可数名词，用what引导感叹句：What +名词 +主谓。 10. ______ you ______ (想要) to reflect on your own growth story? 答案：Would; like 解析：would like变一般疑问句，把would提前，动词保持like原形。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （2025新高考2）I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____37____ (center) heating doesn’t exist. Nothing in my life before prepared me ____38____ this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt ____39____ learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found ____40____ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____41____ (be) one of them. Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____42____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____43____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____44____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____45____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 【答案】36. where 37. central 38. for 39. and 40. myself 41. is 42. to discover 43. absence 44. afternoons 45. left 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从美国到中国浙江农村生活的经历与感受。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。本空修饰名词heating，应用形容词central“中央的，中心的”，作定语。故填central。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：我生命中没有任何事情能让我为这一切做好准备——可以肯定的是，我第一次来到这里时，从未想过我会在这个地方感到舒适。prepare sb. for...“使某人为……做好准备”，固定搭配。故填for。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：但令人惊讶的是，你是如何适应并在新环境中学习的。adapt和learn是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 【40题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。本空指代主语I，表示“我自己”，应用反身代词myself。故填myself。 【41题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover。 【43题详解】 查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to的宾语，应用名词absence“缺乏，没有”，不可数名词。故填absence。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午有很多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词，此处指不止一个下午，应用复数形式afternoons。故填afternoons。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。 二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 （2024新高考1） When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___21___, Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___28___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 21. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle 22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 25. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test 26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed 27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 28. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties 29. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth 30. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale 31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 34. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities 35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。A. study学习；B. rent租金；C. visit游览；D. settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程；B. barrier障碍；C. area区域；D. test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open-minded思想开明的；B. strong-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-informed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧；B. promises承诺；C. acts行为；D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A. costume服装；B. dish菜肴；C. symbol符号；D. tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with克服；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点；B. meanings含义；C. surprises惊喜；D. opportunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. forgotten忘记；C. understood理解；D. identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。 3、 七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2023新高考1）Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____36____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____37____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____38____ You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____39____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____40____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. F 39. C 40. G 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。 【36题详解】 根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. (为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. (你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. (宽恕自己也同样重要)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。 【37题详解】 根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ” (在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. (你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. (现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。 【38题详解】 根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. (在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. (不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。 【39题详解】 根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. (这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. (他们甚至可能想试一试做练习)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. (你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. (事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故选C。 【40题详解】 根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. (大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. (不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. (我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $