专题03 Unit 3 War and peace-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语外研版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理选修三Unit 3“War and peace”主题下12个高考高频词汇，通过“语境串记语篇—词根拆解—词性变化总表”的层级架构，将词汇与词义、搭配、派生词深度关联，以语篇默写、语法填空等任务驱动学生自主构建“词汇—语境—运用”知识网络，提升语言能力。 亮点在于自主学习支持与思维品质培养，如“语境复现练习”整合真题改编题，“自我检测”通过记忆链复述模板引导学生自主复盘，“写作词汇升级”促进知识迁移。教师可依托学情数据精准指导，学生通过个性化默写、阅读训练实现自主诊断与提升，培养终身学习能力。

乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题03【语境串考点】第三单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：commemorate / dedicate / represent / glory / prominent / condemn / liberate / violence / supreme / aggression / friction / memorial （知识点来源：选修三 Unit 3 · War and peace + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 2 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 9 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9 【练习题】 9 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 10 【练习题】 10 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 Every year on this date, the town gathers to commemorate those who gave their lives for freedom. A small memorial stands in the square, and the mayor dedicates a few quiet words to the fallen. It is a day not of loud celebration, but of remembering what peace has cost. To liberate a city is never simple. The cost of violence is paid by the young and the innocent, and the supreme hope of every soldier is to return home untouched. Yet peace, once broken, is the hardest thing in the world to win back. History does not represent war as glorious, but as a lesson written in sorrow. The most prominent voices today condemn aggression in all its forms, and call on nations to settle their friction through talk, not weapons. True glory belongs to those who build peace, not those who destroy. 【中文译文】 每年此日，全镇聚首以纪念（commemorate）那些为自由献出生命的人。广场上矗立着一座小小的纪念碑（memorial），市长向逝者献上（dedicate）几句静默的悼词。这一天不是喧闹的庆典，而是铭记和平的代价。 解放（liberate）一座城市绝非易事。暴力（violence）的代价由青年与无辜者偿付，而每名士兵至高无上（supreme）的希望，是毫发无损地回家。然而和平一旦破碎，便是这世上最难赢回的东西。 历史并未把战争描绘成（represent）光荣的，而是一堂写满悲怆的课。当今最杰出（prominent）的声音谴责（condemn）一切形式的侵略（aggression），并呼吁各国以谈判而非武器化解摩擦（friction）。真正的荣耀（glory）属于缔造和平者，而非破坏者。 Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 commemorate /kəˈmeməreɪt/ v. 纪念，缅怀 ⚡考点：commemorate the dead 纪念逝者；commemorate a victory 纪念胜利；commemoration n. 纪念 2 dedicate /ˈdedɪkeɪt/ v. 把…奉献给，题献 ⚡考点：dedicate oneself to 致力于；dedicate a speech to 向…致辞；dedicated adj. 专注的 3 represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/ v. 代表，象征，描绘 ⚡考点：represent one's country 代表国家；be represented by 由…代表；representative n. 代表 4 glory /ˈɡlɔːri/ n. 光荣，荣耀 ⚡考点：win glory 赢得荣耀；the glory of 对…的荣光；glorious adj. 光荣的 5 prominent /ˈprɒmɪnənt/ adj. 杰出的，突出的 ⚡考点：a prominent voice 杰出的声音；play a prominent role 起突出作用；prominence n. 卓越 6 condemn /kənˈdemn/ v. 谴责，判刑 ⚡考点：condemn aggression 谴责侵略；condemn the act 谴责行为；condemned adj. 被谴责的 7 liberate /ˈlɪbəreɪt/ v. 解放，释放 ⚡考点：liberate a city 解放城市；liberate sb. from 把…从…解放；liberation n. 解放 8 violence /ˈvaɪələns/ n. 暴力，猛烈 ⚡考点：the cost of violence 暴力的代价；domestic violence 家庭暴力；violent adj. 暴力的 9 supreme /suːˈpriːm/ adj. 最高的，至上的 ⚡考点：the supreme hope 至高的希望；the Supreme Court 最高法院；supremacy n. 至高 10 aggression /əˈɡreʃn/ n. 侵略，攻击性 ⚡考点：condemn aggression 谴责侵略；an act of aggression 侵略行径；aggressive adj. 好斗的 11 friction /ˈfrɪkʃn/ n. 摩擦，不和 ⚡考点：settle friction 化解摩擦；cause friction 引发摩擦；frictional adj. 摩擦的 12 memorial /məˈmɔːriəl/ n./adj. 纪念碑（的），纪念的 ⚡考点：a war memorial 战争纪念碑；in memorial of 纪念；memorize v. 记住，熟记 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. commemorate /kəˈmeməreɪt/ v. 纪念，缅怀 【核心考点】 commemorate是说明文与历史类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①纪念，缅怀——commemorate the dead（纪念逝者）、commemorate a victory（纪念胜利）；②（事物）作为…的纪念。派生词是语法填空高频考点：commemoration n. 纪念→ in commemoration of（为纪念……）；commemorative adj. 纪念的。辨析：commemorate（纪念，强调"缅怀"）vs remember（记得）vs celebrate（庆祝）vs honor（致敬）。写作金句：To commemorate the past is not to live in it, but to carry its lessons into a more peaceful future（纪念过去并非活在其中，而是把它的教训带入更和平的未来）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语commemorare"再三忆起"（com-"共同"+memor"记住的"）→ 共同记住→ 纪念。联想：memor"记忆"→ commemorate（纪念）、memory（记忆）、memorial（纪念碑）、remember（记得）。记住：com + memor = 一起记住。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：commemorate意义稳定，多用于纪念人物、事件。注意其名词commemoration与形容词commemorative在阅读中常出现。 【真题原句】 （2024新高考II卷·语法填空真题）"Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, who is known as 'the Shakespeare of Asia,' add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon."（纪念汤显祖的中国文化元素为斯特拉特福增添了国际色彩，汤显祖被誉为"亚洲的莎士比亚"。）（真题原句·commemorate 纪念） 【搭配词块】 commemorate the dead 纪念逝者 / commemorate a victory 纪念胜利 / in commemoration of 为纪念 / commemorative adj. 纪念的 2. dedicate /ˈdedɪkeɪt/ v. 把…奉献给，题献 【核心考点】 dedicate是人物描写与说明文语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①把…奉献给——dedicate oneself to（致力于……）、dedicate one's life to（把一生献给）；②（在著作中）题献——dedicate a book to sb.。派生词是语法填空高频考点：dedicated adj. 专注的，投入的→ a dedicated teacher（敬业的老师）；dedication n. 奉献→ a sense of dedication（奉献精神）。辨析：dedicate（奉献，郑重）vs devote（献身，投入）vs commit（承诺，投入）vs contribute（贡献）。写作金句：Those who dedicate themselves to peace may never see its full fruit, yet without them no fruit would ever grow（那些献身和平的人或许看不到和平的完满果实，但没有他们，任何果实都不会生长）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语dedicare"宣告为神圣"（de-"向下"+dicare"宣称"）→ 郑重托付→ 奉献。联想：dic"说"→ dedicate（奉献）、dictate（口授）、indicate（表明）。记住：de + dic = 郑重说出托付。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：dedicate的过去分词dedicated常作形容词，意为"敬业的、专注的"，如a dedicated worker（敬业的工人）。真题中多见devoted（devote的过去式），与dedicate同族，均表"奉献"。 【真题原句】 （2022新高考I卷·阅读真题）"As soon as the race started, David devoted all his energy to running."（比赛一开始，大卫就把全部精力投入到奔跑中。）（真题原句·devote 奉献；与 dedicate 同族，devoted 意为"投入的、奉献的"） 【搭配词块】 dedicate oneself to 致力于 / dedicate a speech to 向…致辞 / dedicated adj. 敬业的 / dedication n. 奉献 3. represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/ v. 代表，象征，描绘 【核心考点】 represent是说明文与社会类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①代表——represent one's country（代表国家）、represent the students（代表学生）；②象征，描绘——be represented by（由…代表/体现）——The idea is represented by a tree。派生词是语法填空高频考点：representative n. 代表，adj. 典型的→ a representative of（…的代表）；representation n. 代表，描绘。辨析：represent（代表，体现）vs stand for（代表，象征）vs symbolize（象征）vs depict（描绘）。写作金句：A single candle can represent the hope of a whole nation, for symbols speak where words fall silent（一支蜡烛即可代表整个民族的希望，因为在言语失语处，象征在说话）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语repraesentare"再次呈现"（re-"再"+praesens"在场的"）→ 使再现→ 代表。联想：present"在场/呈现"→ represent（代表）、present（呈现）、representation（代表）。记住：re + present = 重新呈现→ 代表。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：represent的过去分词represented可作形容词性，如the culture represented by the Forbidden City（故宫所代表的文化）。真题中多用represented结构，注意与represent同义。 【真题原句】 （2023新高考II卷·阅读真题）"In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers."（与故宫、颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活与上层文化形成对比，胡同反映的是草根北京人的文化。）（真题原句·represent 代表） 【搭配词块】 represent one's country 代表国家 / be represented by 由…代表 / representative n. 代表 / representation n. 代表 4. glory /ˈɡlɔːri/ n. 光荣，荣耀 【核心考点】 glory是描写类与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①光荣，荣耀——win glory（赢得荣耀）、the glory of（对…的荣光）——His name was made glorious；②壮丽，辉煌——the glory of the sunrise（日出的壮丽）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：glorious adj. 光荣的，壮丽的→ a glorious victory（辉煌的胜利）；glorify v. 赞美。辨析：glory（荣耀，壮丽）vs honor（荣誉）vs fame（名声）vs pride（骄傲）。写作金句：True glory is not in the flags we raise, but in the peace we leave behind for those who come after（真正的荣耀不在我们升起的旗帜，而在我们留给后人的和平）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语gloria"声誉"→ 荣耀。联想：glor"声誉"→ glory（荣耀）、glorious（光荣的）、glorify（赞美）。记住：glory=被铭记的荣光。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：glory还可作动词，意为"自豪，得意"，如glory in one's success（为成功而得意）。此义含文学色彩，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"True glory belongs to those who build peace, not those who destroy."（真正的荣耀属于缔造和平者，而非破坏者。）（经典原句·glory 荣耀） 【搭配词块】 win glory 赢得荣耀 / the glory of 对…的荣光 / a glorious victory 辉煌的胜利 / glorious adj. 光荣的 5. prominent /ˈprɒmɪnənt/ adj. 杰出的，突出的 【核心考点】 prominent是人物描写与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①杰出的，著名的——a prominent scientist（杰出的科学家）、a prominent voice（杰出的声音）；②突出的，显眼的——a prominent building（显眼的建筑）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：prominence n. 卓越，突出→ rise to prominence（崭露头角）；prominently adv. 突出地。辨析：prominent（杰出的，突出的）vs famous（著名的）vs outstanding（杰出的）vs noticeable（显眼的）。写作金句：The most prominent voices are not always the loudest; sometimes they are the ones that call for peace when all others shout for war（最杰出的声音未必最大；有时正是当众人都为战争呐喊时，呼吁和平的那一个。）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语prominere"向前突出"（pro-"向前"+minere"伸出"）→ 突出的→ 杰出的。联想：min"伸出"→ prominent（突出的）、prominence（卓越）、eminent（卓越的→ 向外伸出）。记住：pro + min = 向前凸出→ 显眼。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：prominent作"突出的、显眼的"时为空间/视觉义，如a prominent nose（高挺的鼻子）。此义与"杰出"相通，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The most prominent voices today condemn aggression in all its forms, and call on nations to settle their friction through talk."（当今最杰出的声音谴责一切形式的侵略，并呼吁各国以谈判化解摩擦。）（经典原句·prominent 杰出的） 【搭配词块】 a prominent voice 杰出的声音 / play a prominent role 起突出作用 / rise to prominence 崭露头角 / prominently adv. 突出地 6. condemn /kənˈdemn/ v. 谴责，判刑 【核心考点】 condemn是议论文与新闻类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①谴责——condemn aggression（谴责侵略）、condemn the act（谴责行为）；②判刑，宣告（有罪）——be condemned to prison（被判入狱）。派生词：condemnation n. 谴责；condemned adj. 被谴责的。辨析：condemn（强烈谴责，含道德评判）vs blame（责备）vs criticize（批评）vs denounce（公开谴责）。写作金句：To condemn violence is easy; to replace it with understanding is the harder glory we are called to（谴责暴力很容易；用理解取而代之，才是我们被召唤去成就的更难的荣耀）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语condemnare"宣判"（con-"完全"+damnare"处罚"）→ 定罪→ 谴责。联想：damn"罚"→ condemn（谴责）、condemnation（谴责）、damn（诅咒）。记住：con + demn = 定其罪。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：condemn作"宣告…不适用/危险"时，如The building was condemned（这栋楼被宣布危楼）。此义为"判定不可用"，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The most prominent voices today condemn aggression in all its forms, and call on nations to settle their friction through talk, not weapons."（当今最杰出的声音谴责一切形式的侵略，并呼吁各国以谈判而非武器化解摩擦。）（经典原句·condemn 谴责） 【搭配词块】 condemn aggression 谴责侵略 / condemn the act 谴责行为 / condemnation n. 谴责 / condemned adj. 被谴责的 7. liberate /ˈlɪbəreɪt/ v. 解放，释放 【核心考点】 liberate是历史类与新闻语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①解放——liberate a city（解放城市）、liberate the people（解放人民）；②释放，使解脱——liberate sb. from fear（使…摆脱恐惧）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：liberation n. 解放→ the day of liberation（解放日）；liberated adj. 被解放的；liberty n. 自由。辨析：liberate（解放，使自由）vs free（使自由）vs release（释放）vs emancipate（解放，尤指废奴）。写作金句：To liberate a people is to return to them what was always theirs: the right to choose their own tomorrow（解放一个民族，是把本属于他们的东西还回去——选择自己明天的权利）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语liberare"使自由"（liber"自由的"）→ 使自由→ 解放。联想：liber"自由"→ liberate（解放）、liberty（自由）、liberal（自由的）、deliver（递送→ 使脱离）。记住：liber = 自由，liberate = 给自由。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：liberate还可表示"释放出（能量、气体等）"，如The reaction liberates heat（反应释放热量）。此义为科学用语，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"To liberate a city is never simple, for the cost of violence is paid by the young and the innocent."（解放一座城市绝非易事，因为暴力的代价由青年与无辜者偿付。）（经典原句·liberate 解放） 【搭配词块】 liberate a city 解放城市 / liberate sb. from 把…从…解放 / liberation n. 解放 / liberty n. 自由 8. violence /ˈvaɪələns/ n. 暴力，猛烈 【核心考点】 violence是新闻类与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①暴力——the cost of violence（暴力的代价）、domestic violence（家庭暴力）；②猛烈，强烈——the violence of the storm（暴风雨的猛烈）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：violent adj. 暴力的，猛烈的→ a violent storm（猛烈的暴风雨）；violently adv. 猛烈地。辨析：violence（暴力，猛烈）vs force（武力，力量）vs conflict（冲突）vs attack（攻击）。写作金句：The cost of violence is paid by those who never chose the war, and that is why peace is the only victory worth the name（暴力的代价由从未选择战争的人偿付，这正是和平是唯一配称胜利的原因）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语violentia"猛烈"（vis"力量"）→ 强力→ 暴力。联想：vis"力"→ violence（暴力）、violent（暴力的）、virulent（恶毒的→ 强力有害）。记住：vi = 力，olence = 强力所致。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：violence可指自然力的"猛烈"，如the violence of the wind（狂风）。并非仅指人际暴力，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The cost of violence is paid by the young and the innocent, and the supreme hope of every soldier is to return home untouched."（暴力的代价由青年与无辜者偿付，而每名士兵至高的希望是毫发无损地回家。）（经典原句·violence 暴力） 【搭配词块】 the cost of violence 暴力的代价 / domestic violence 家庭暴力 / violent adj. 暴力的 / violently adv. 猛烈地 9. supreme /suːˈpriːm/ adj. 最高的，至上的 【核心考点】 supreme是描写类与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①最高的，至上的——the supreme hope（至高的希望）、supreme courage（至高的勇气）；②（机构）最高级别的——the Supreme Court（最高法院）。派生词：supremacy n. 至高，霸权；supremely adv. 极其。辨析：supreme（最高的，至上的，强调无可超越）vs highest（最高的）vs ultimate（最终的）vs maximum（最大的）。写作金句：The supreme test of a nation is not how it wins a war, but how it treats the peace that follows（对一个民族至高无上的考验，不在于它如何赢得战争，而在于它如何对待随之而来的和平）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语supremus"最高的"（super"在上"的最高级）→ 最高→ 至上。联想：super"上"→ supreme（至上的）、superior（较高的）、superb（极好的）。记住：supreme = 最高一等。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：supreme作名词可指"至高无上的人/物"，如the Supreme（上帝/最高权威）。机构名如the Supreme Court为专有，阅读中注意首字母大写。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The supreme hope of every soldier is to return home untouched, yet peace once broken is the hardest thing to win back."（每名士兵至高的希望是毫发无损地回家，然而和平一旦破碎便最难赢回。）（经典原句·supreme 至上的） 【搭配词块】 the supreme hope 至高的希望 / the Supreme Court 最高法院 / supremacy n. 至高 / supremely adv. 极其 10. aggression /əˈɡreʃn/ n. 侵略，攻击性 【核心考点】 aggression是新闻类与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①侵略——condemn aggression（谴责侵略）、an act of aggression（侵略行径）；②攻击性，好斗——verbal aggression（言语攻击）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：aggressive adj. 好斗的，积极进取的→ an aggressive policy（激进的政策）；aggressively adv. aggressively。辨析：aggression（侵略，攻击性）vs attack（攻击）vs invasion（入侵）vs hostility（敌意）。写作金句：Aggression solves nothing that talk cannot, and leaves scars that talk could have prevented（侵略解决不了谈判不能解决的问题，却留下本可避免的伤痕）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语aggressio"进攻"（ad-"向"+gredi"行走"）→ 走向前攻击→ 侵略。联想：gress"走"→ aggression（侵略）、aggressive（好斗的）、congress（国会→ 走到一起）、progress（进步→ 向前走）。记住：ag + gress = 向前冲。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：aggression在心理/体育语境中意为"进取心、攻击性"（中性或褒义），如an aggressive player（敢打敢拼的球员）。此义与"侵略"方向相反，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The most prominent voices today condemn aggression in all its forms, and call on nations to settle their friction through talk, not weapons."（当今最杰出的声音谴责一切形式的侵略，并呼吁各国以谈判而非武器化解摩擦。）（经典原句·aggression 侵略） 【搭配词块】 condemn aggression 谴责侵略 / an act of aggression 侵略行径 / aggressive adj. 好斗的 / aggressively adv. 进取地 11. friction /ˈfrɪkʃn/ n. 摩擦，不和 【核心考点】 friction是说明文与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①（人际）摩擦，不和——settle friction（化解摩擦）、cause friction（引发摩擦）；②（物理）摩擦——reduce friction（减少摩擦）。派生词：frictional adj. 摩擦的。辨析：friction（摩擦，不和，抽象）vs conflict（冲突，较激烈）vs tension（紧张）vs dispute（争端）。写作金句：A little friction between friends is only the sound of two honest hearts learning to fit（朋友间的小小摩擦，只是两颗真诚的心学着契合的声音）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语frictio"摩擦"（fricare"擦"）→ 擦→ 摩擦。联想：fric"擦"→ friction（摩擦）、frictionless（无摩擦的）。记住：fric = 擦，摩擦即不和。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：friction在物理中意为"摩擦力"，如kinetic friction（动摩擦）。此义为科学用语，阅读中注意与"人际不和"区分。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The most prominent voices today condemn aggression in all its forms, and call on nations to settle their friction through talk, not weapons."（当今最杰出的声音谴责一切形式的侵略，并呼吁各国以谈判而非武器化解摩擦。）（经典原句·friction 摩擦） 【搭配词块】 settle friction 化解摩擦 / cause friction 引发摩擦 / reduce friction 减少摩擦 / frictional adj. 摩擦的 12. memorial /məˈmɔːriəl/ n./adj. 纪念碑（的），纪念的 【核心考点】 memorial是文化类与历史语篇的高频词。作名词：纪念碑，纪念物——a war memorial（战争纪念碑）、a memorial to the dead（逝者纪念碑）。作形容词：纪念的——a memorial service（追悼仪式）、Memorial Day（纪念日）。派生词：memorize v. 记住；memory n. 记忆。辨析：memorial（纪念碑，纪念的）vs monument（纪念碑，广义）vs remembrance（纪念，回忆）vs memory（记忆）。写作金句：A memorial is a promise carved in stone that we will not forget, and a warning that we need not repeat（纪念碑是刻在石上的承诺：我们不会遗忘，也不必重演）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语memorialis"记忆的"（memoria"记忆"）→ 记忆的→ 纪念的。联想：memor"记忆"→ memorial（纪念碑）、memory（记忆）、memorize（记住）、commemorate（纪念）。记住：memor = 记忆，memorial = 为记忆而立。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：memorial作形容词直接修饰名词（a memorial service 追悼仪式），也作专有名词（Memorial Day 阵亡将士纪念日）。注意词性随位置变化。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A small memorial stands in the square, and the mayor dedicates a few quiet words to the fallen."（广场上矗立着一座小小的纪念碑，市长向逝者献上几句静默的悼词。）（经典原句·memorial 纪念碑） 【搭配词块】 a war memorial 战争纪念碑 / in memorial of 纪念 / a memorial service 追悼仪式 / memorize v. 记住 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 commemorate commemoration (n.) commemorative (adj.) --- commemorate the dead / in commemoration of dedicate dedicated (adj.) dedication (n.) --- dedicate oneself to / a dedicated teacher represent representative (n./adj.) representation (n.) --- represent one's country / be represented by glory glorious (adj.) glorify (v.) --- win glory / a glorious victory prominent prominence (n.) prominently (adv.) --- a prominent voice / rise to prominence condemn condemnation (n.) condemned (adj.) --- condemn aggression / condemnation liberate liberation (n.) liberty (n.) liberated (adj.) liberate a city / liberation violence violent (adj.) violently (adv.) --- the cost of violence / domestic violence supreme supremacy (n.) supremely (adv.) --- the supreme hope / the Supreme Court aggression aggressive (adj.) aggressively (adv.) --- condemn aggression / aggressive friction frictional (adj.) --- --- settle friction / cause friction memorial memorize (v.) memory (n.) memorialize (v.) a war memorial / in memorial of Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2024新高考II卷·语法填空·改编）Chinese cultural elements ____________ (commemoration) Tang Xianzu add an international character to the town. 2.（2022新高考I卷·阅读·改编）David ____________ (dedication) all his energy to running as soon as the race started. 3.（2023新高考II卷·阅读·改编）The culture ____________ (represent) by the Forbidden City is quite different from that of the hutongs. 4.（2026山东济南·模拟）The soldiers won ____________ (glorious) on the battlefield and returned home as heroes. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）A ____________ (prominence) scientist gave a speech calling for peace. 6.（2026江苏南京·模拟）All nations should ____________ (condemn) aggression in any form. 7.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The army helped to ____________ (liberation) the small town from enemy control. 8.（2026四川成都·模拟）The ____________ (violent) of the conflict shocked the whole world. 9.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）It was his ____________ (supreme) wish to see his children grow up in peace. 10.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）The country faced an act of ____________ (aggressive) from its neighbour. 11.（2026福建厦门·模拟）Talks were held to settle the ____________ (frictional) between the two groups. 12.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）A war ____________ (memorize) was built in the centre of the city. 13.（2026陕西西安·模拟）People ____________ (commemoration) the victory with a moment of silence. 14.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）She ____________ (dedicate) her life to helping the wounded. 15.（2026河南郑州·模拟）The building ____________ (represent) the hope of a new generation. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 全镇聚首以____________（纪念）逝者；广场____________（纪念碑）前，市长向逝者____________（献词）。解放____________（解放）城市不易，____________（暴力）代价由无辜偿付，士兵____________（至高的）希望是回家。 历史未把战争描绘成____________（代表）____________（荣耀）；杰出____________（杰出的）声音____________（谴责）____________（侵略），以谈判化____________（摩擦）。真正____________（荣耀）属于和平缔造者。 Part 7 关联阅读 Each spring, the village comes together to commemorate the soldiers who never returned. A simple memorial of stone marks the hill where they fell, and the oldest resident dedicates a short speech to their names. For the children, it is a lesson older than any book, taught not in words but in silence. The mayor lays a wreath, and the band plays a song their grandfathers knew, a tune that needs no translation. No one speaks of victory that day, only of the cost, and of the duty to remember those who gave more than they could ever receive. The children listen, and something quiet takes root in them that no lesson could plant. To liberate a town from fear is harder than any battle, for the wounds of violence run deeper than the walls it breaks. The supreme wish of those who survived was not revenge but rest, a quiet life free from the sound of guns. Old photographs show streets now unbroken, and the young can hardly imagine the terror their grandparents endured, which is itself a kind of peace won slowly. The survivors say peace is not the absence of noise, but the presence of trust between strangers who once were enemies. They rebuilt not only houses but the habit of trust, which once lost is the slowest thing to grow back. What the survivors ask of us is plain: do not let the silence they won be broken again. History does not represent war as something glorious, but as a warning carved in sorrow. The most prominent leaders of our time condemn aggression in every form, and urge nations to settle their friction with words instead of weapons. True glory, they argue, belongs to those who build, not those who break, and to the quiet courage of ordinary people who choose talk over tanks. Schoolbooks now teach the cost before the cause, so that the next generation may understand the hardest victory is the one won without a single shot fired. Museums now keep the letters soldiers wrote home, so we may read the war as they lived it. 1. What does the village do each spring? A. They hold a noisy celebration. B. They commemorate the soldiers who never returned. C. They build a new school. D. They forget the past on purpose. 2. What was the supreme wish of those who survived the war? A. To take revenge on the enemy. B. To win more battles. C. Rest and a quiet life free from guns. D. To become famous leaders. 3. According to the passage, how should nations settle their friction? A. By firing the first shot. B. By building more weapons. C. With words instead of weapons. D. By blaming the young. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. War is the best way to gain glory. B. Forgetting the past is the key to peace. C. Victories are won by the strongest army. D. True glory belongs to those who build peace, not those who destroy. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：commemorate, dedicate, represent, glory, prominent, condemn, liberate, violence, supreme, aggression, friction, memorial Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. The town holds a ceremony each year to remember the soldiers. → The town holds a ceremony each year to ____________ the soldiers. 2. She gave her whole life to helping the poor. → She ____________ her life to helping the poor. 3. The dove stands for peace in many cultures. → The dove ____________ peace in many cultures. 4. The team won great honour at the international games. → The team won great ____________ at the international games. 5. A well-known scientist warned us about the danger. → A ____________ scientist warned us about the danger. 6. All countries should speak strongly against any invasion. → All countries should ____________ any invasion. 7. The army helped free the captured villagers. → The army helped ____________ the captured villagers. 8. The harm caused by the conflict shocked the world. → The ____________ of the conflict shocked the world. 9. It was his highest wish to see his family again. → It was his ____________ wish to see his family again. 10. The country faced an act of attack from its neighbour. → The country faced an act of ____________ from its neighbour. 11. Talks were held to end the conflict between the two sides. → Talks were held to settle the ____________ between the two sides. 12. A stone monument was built in memory of the heroes. → A stone ____________ was built in memory of the heroes. Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：commemorate → dedicate → represent → glory → prominent → condemn → liberate → violence → supreme → aggression → friction → memorial 复述模板（填空）： 全镇聚首以____________（纪念）逝者；____________（纪念碑）前市长____________（献词）。解放____________（解放）城市不易，____________（暴力）代价由无辜偿付，士兵____________（至高的）希望是回家。 历史未把战争描绘成____________（代表）____________（荣耀）；____________（杰出的）声音____________（谴责）____________（侵略），以谈判化____________（摩擦）。真正____________（荣耀）属于和平缔造者。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题03【语境串考点】第三单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：commemorate / dedicate / represent / glory / prominent / condemn / liberate / violence / supreme / aggression / friction / memorial （知识点来源：选修三 Unit 3 · War and peace + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 1 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 8 【练习题】 8 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 10 【练习题】 10 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 Every year on this date, the town gathers to commemorate those who gave their lives for freedom. A small memorial stands in the square, and the mayor dedicates a few quiet words to the fallen. It is a day not of loud celebration, but of remembering what peace has cost. To liberate a city is never simple. The cost of violence is paid by the young and the innocent, and the supreme hope of every soldier is to return home untouched. Yet peace, once broken, is the hardest thing in the world to win back. History does not represent war as glorious, but as a lesson written in sorrow. The most prominent voices today condemn aggression in all its forms, and call on nations to settle their friction through talk, not weapons. True glory belongs to those who build peace, not those who destroy. 【中文译文】 每年此日，全镇聚首以纪念（commemorate）那些为自由献出生命的人。广场上矗立着一座小小的纪念碑（memorial），市长向逝者献上（dedicate）几句静默的悼词。这一天不是喧闹的庆典，而是铭记和平的代价。 解放（liberate）一座城市绝非易事。暴力（violence）的代价由青年与无辜者偿付，而每名士兵至高无上（supreme）的希望，是毫发无损地回家。然而和平一旦破碎，便是这世上最难赢回的东西。 历史并未把战争描绘成（represent）光荣的，而是一堂写满悲怆的课。当今最杰出（prominent）的声音谴责（condemn）一切形式的侵略（aggression），并呼吁各国以谈判而非武器化解摩擦（friction）。真正的荣耀（glory）属于缔造和平者，而非破坏者。 Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 commemorate /kəˈmeməreɪt/ v. 纪念，缅怀 ⚡考点：commemorate the dead 纪念逝者；commemorate a victory 纪念胜利；commemoration n. 纪念 2 dedicate /ˈdedɪkeɪt/ v. 把…奉献给，题献 ⚡考点：dedicate oneself to 致力于；dedicate a speech to 向…致辞；dedicated adj. 专注的 3 represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/ v. 代表，象征，描绘 ⚡考点：represent one's country 代表国家；be represented by 由…代表；representative n. 代表 4 glory /ˈɡlɔːri/ n. 光荣，荣耀 ⚡考点：win glory 赢得荣耀；the glory of 对…的荣光；glorious adj. 光荣的 5 prominent /ˈprɒmɪnənt/ adj. 杰出的，突出的 ⚡考点：a prominent voice 杰出的声音；play a prominent role 起突出作用；prominence n. 卓越 6 condemn /kənˈdemn/ v. 谴责，判刑 ⚡考点：condemn aggression 谴责侵略；condemn the act 谴责行为；condemned adj. 被谴责的 7 liberate /ˈlɪbəreɪt/ v. 解放，释放 ⚡考点：liberate a city 解放城市；liberate sb. from 把…从…解放；liberation n. 解放 8 violence /ˈvaɪələns/ n. 暴力，猛烈 ⚡考点：the cost of violence 暴力的代价；domestic violence 家庭暴力；violent adj. 暴力的 9 supreme /suːˈpriːm/ adj. 最高的，至上的 ⚡考点：the supreme hope 至高的希望；the Supreme Court 最高法院；supremacy n. 至高 10 aggression /əˈɡreʃn/ n. 侵略，攻击性 ⚡考点：condemn aggression 谴责侵略；an act of aggression 侵略行径；aggressive adj. 好斗的 11 friction /ˈfrɪkʃn/ n. 摩擦，不和 ⚡考点：settle friction 化解摩擦；cause friction 引发摩擦；frictional adj. 摩擦的 12 memorial /məˈmɔːriəl/ n./adj. 纪念碑（的），纪念的 ⚡考点：a war memorial 战争纪念碑；in memorial of 纪念；memorize v. 记住，熟记 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. commemorate /kəˈmeməreɪt/ v. 纪念，缅怀 【核心考点】 commemorate是说明文与历史类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①纪念，缅怀——commemorate the dead（纪念逝者）、commemorate a victory（纪念胜利）；②（事物）作为…的纪念。派生词是语法填空高频考点：commemoration n. 纪念→ in commemoration of（为纪念……）；commemorative adj. 纪念的。辨析：commemorate（纪念，强调"缅怀"）vs remember（记得）vs celebrate（庆祝）vs honor（致敬）。写作金句：To commemorate the past is not to live in it, but to carry its lessons into a more peaceful future（纪念过去并非活在其中，而是把它的教训带入更和平的未来）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语commemorare"再三忆起"（com-"共同"+memor"记住的"）→ 共同记住→ 纪念。联想：memor"记忆"→ commemorate（纪念）、memory（记忆）、memorial（纪念碑）、remember（记得）。记住：com + memor = 一起记住。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：commemorate意义稳定，多用于纪念人物、事件。注意其名词commemoration与形容词commemorative在阅读中常出现。 【真题原句】 （2024新高考II卷·语法填空真题）"Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, who is known as 'the Shakespeare of Asia,' add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon."（纪念汤显祖的中国文化元素为斯特拉特福增添了国际色彩，汤显祖被誉为"亚洲的莎士比亚"。）（真题原句·commemorate 纪念） 【搭配词块】 commemorate the dead 纪念逝者 / commemorate a victory 纪念胜利 / in commemoration of 为纪念 / commemorative adj. 纪念的 2. dedicate /ˈdedɪkeɪt/ v. 把…奉献给，题献 【核心考点】 dedicate是人物描写与说明文语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①把…奉献给——dedicate oneself to（致力于……）、dedicate one's life to（把一生献给）；②（在著作中）题献——dedicate a book to sb.。派生词是语法填空高频考点：dedicated adj. 专注的，投入的→ a dedicated teacher（敬业的老师）；dedication n. 奉献→ a sense of dedication（奉献精神）。辨析：dedicate（奉献，郑重）vs devote（献身，投入）vs commit（承诺，投入）vs contribute（贡献）。写作金句：Those who dedicate themselves to peace may never see its full fruit, yet without them no fruit would ever grow（那些献身和平的人或许看不到和平的完满果实，但没有他们，任何果实都不会生长）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语dedicare"宣告为神圣"（de-"向下"+dicare"宣称"）→ 郑重托付→ 奉献。联想：dic"说"→ dedicate（奉献）、dictate（口授）、indicate（表明）。记住：de + dic = 郑重说出托付。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：dedicate的过去分词dedicated常作形容词，意为"敬业的、专注的"，如a dedicated worker（敬业的工人）。真题中多见devoted（devote的过去式），与dedicate同族，均表"奉献"。 【真题原句】 （2022新高考I卷·阅读真题）"As soon as the race started, David devoted all his energy to running."（比赛一开始，大卫就把全部精力投入到奔跑中。）（真题原句·devote 奉献；与 dedicate 同族，devoted 意为"投入的、奉献的"） 【搭配词块】 dedicate oneself to 致力于 / dedicate a speech to 向…致辞 / dedicated adj. 敬业的 / dedication n. 奉献 3. represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/ v. 代表，象征，描绘 【核心考点】 represent是说明文与社会类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①代表——represent one's country（代表国家）、represent the students（代表学生）；②象征，描绘——be represented by（由…代表/体现）——The idea is represented by a tree。派生词是语法填空高频考点：representative n. 代表，adj. 典型的→ a representative of（…的代表）；representation n. 代表，描绘。辨析：represent（代表，体现）vs stand for（代表，象征）vs symbolize（象征）vs depict（描绘）。写作金句：A single candle can represent the hope of a whole nation, for symbols speak where words fall silent（一支蜡烛即可代表整个民族的希望，因为在言语失语处，象征在说话）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语repraesentare"再次呈现"（re-"再"+praesens"在场的"）→ 使再现→ 代表。联想：present"在场/呈现"→ represent（代表）、present（呈现）、representation（代表）。记住：re + present = 重新呈现→ 代表。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：represent的过去分词represented可作形容词性，如the culture represented by the Forbidden City（故宫所代表的文化）。真题中多用represented结构，注意与represent同义。 【真题原句】 （2023新高考II卷·阅读真题）"In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers."（与故宫、颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活与上层文化形成对比，胡同反映的是草根北京人的文化。）（真题原句·represent 代表） 【搭配词块】 represent one's country 代表国家 / be represented by 由…代表 / representative n. 代表 / representation n. 代表 4. glory /ˈɡlɔːri/ n. 光荣，荣耀 【核心考点】 glory是描写类与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①光荣，荣耀——win glory（赢得荣耀）、the glory of（对…的荣光）——His name was made glorious；②壮丽，辉煌——the glory of the sunrise（日出的壮丽）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：glorious adj. 光荣的，壮丽的→ a glorious victory（辉煌的胜利）；glorify v. 赞美。辨析：glory（荣耀，壮丽）vs honor（荣誉）vs fame（名声）vs pride（骄傲）。写作金句：True glory is not in the flags we raise, but in the peace we leave behind for those who come after（真正的荣耀不在我们升起的旗帜，而在我们留给后人的和平）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语gloria"声誉"→ 荣耀。联想：glor"声誉"→ glory（荣耀）、glorious（光荣的）、glorify（赞美）。记住：glory=被铭记的荣光。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：glory还可作动词，意为"自豪，得意"，如glory in one's success（为成功而得意）。此义含文学色彩，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"True glory belongs to those who build peace, not those who destroy."（真正的荣耀属于缔造和平者，而非破坏者。）（经典原句·glory 荣耀） 【搭配词块】 win glory 赢得荣耀 / the glory of 对…的荣光 / a glorious victory 辉煌的胜利 / glorious adj. 光荣的 5. prominent /ˈprɒmɪnənt/ adj. 杰出的，突出的 【核心考点】 prominent是人物描写与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①杰出的，著名的——a prominent scientist（杰出的科学家）、a prominent voice（杰出的声音）；②突出的，显眼的——a prominent building（显眼的建筑）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：prominence n. 卓越，突出→ rise to prominence（崭露头角）；prominently adv. 突出地。辨析：prominent（杰出的，突出的）vs famous（著名的）vs outstanding（杰出的）vs noticeable（显眼的）。写作金句：The most prominent voices are not always the loudest; sometimes they are the ones that call for peace when all others shout for war（最杰出的声音未必最大；有时正是当众人都为战争呐喊时，呼吁和平的那一个。）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语prominere"向前突出"（pro-"向前"+minere"伸出"）→ 突出的→ 杰出的。联想：min"伸出"→ prominent（突出的）、prominence（卓越）、eminent（卓越的→ 向外伸出）。记住：pro + min = 向前凸出→ 显眼。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：prominent作"突出的、显眼的"时为空间/视觉义，如a prominent nose（高挺的鼻子）。此义与"杰出"相通，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The most prominent voices today condemn aggression in all its forms, and call on nations to settle their friction through talk."（当今最杰出的声音谴责一切形式的侵略，并呼吁各国以谈判化解摩擦。）（经典原句·prominent 杰出的） 【搭配词块】 a prominent voice 杰出的声音 / play a prominent role 起突出作用 / rise to prominence 崭露头角 / prominently adv. 突出地 6. condemn /kənˈdemn/ v. 谴责，判刑 【核心考点】 condemn是议论文与新闻类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①谴责——condemn aggression（谴责侵略）、condemn the act（谴责行为）；②判刑，宣告（有罪）——be condemned to prison（被判入狱）。派生词：condemnation n. 谴责；condemned adj. 被谴责的。辨析：condemn（强烈谴责，含道德评判）vs blame（责备）vs criticize（批评）vs denounce（公开谴责）。写作金句：To condemn violence is easy; to replace it with understanding is the harder glory we are called to（谴责暴力很容易；用理解取而代之，才是我们被召唤去成就的更难的荣耀）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语condemnare"宣判"（con-"完全"+damnare"处罚"）→ 定罪→ 谴责。联想：damn"罚"→ condemn（谴责）、condemnation（谴责）、damn（诅咒）。记住：con + demn = 定其罪。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：condemn作"宣告…不适用/危险"时，如The building was condemned（这栋楼被宣布危楼）。此义为"判定不可用"，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The most prominent voices today condemn aggression in all its forms, and call on nations to settle their friction through talk, not weapons."（当今最杰出的声音谴责一切形式的侵略，并呼吁各国以谈判而非武器化解摩擦。）（经典原句·condemn 谴责） 【搭配词块】 condemn aggression 谴责侵略 / condemn the act 谴责行为 / condemnation n. 谴责 / condemned adj. 被谴责的 7. liberate /ˈlɪbəreɪt/ v. 解放，释放 【核心考点】 liberate是历史类与新闻语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①解放——liberate a city（解放城市）、liberate the people（解放人民）；②释放，使解脱——liberate sb. from fear（使…摆脱恐惧）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：liberation n. 解放→ the day of liberation（解放日）；liberated adj. 被解放的；liberty n. 自由。辨析：liberate（解放，使自由）vs free（使自由）vs release（释放）vs emancipate（解放，尤指废奴）。写作金句：To liberate a people is to return to them what was always theirs: the right to choose their own tomorrow（解放一个民族，是把本属于他们的东西还回去——选择自己明天的权利）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语liberare"使自由"（liber"自由的"）→ 使自由→ 解放。联想：liber"自由"→ liberate（解放）、liberty（自由）、liberal（自由的）、deliver（递送→ 使脱离）。记住：liber = 自由，liberate = 给自由。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：liberate还可表示"释放出（能量、气体等）"，如The reaction liberates heat（反应释放热量）。此义为科学用语，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"To liberate a city is never simple, for the cost of violence is paid by the young and the innocent."（解放一座城市绝非易事，因为暴力的代价由青年与无辜者偿付。）（经典原句·liberate 解放） 【搭配词块】 liberate a city 解放城市 / liberate sb. from 把…从…解放 / liberation n. 解放 / liberty n. 自由 8. violence /ˈvaɪələns/ n. 暴力，猛烈 【核心考点】 violence是新闻类与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①暴力——the cost of violence（暴力的代价）、domestic violence（家庭暴力）；②猛烈，强烈——the violence of the storm（暴风雨的猛烈）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：violent adj. 暴力的，猛烈的→ a violent storm（猛烈的暴风雨）；violently adv. 猛烈地。辨析：violence（暴力，猛烈）vs force（武力，力量）vs conflict（冲突）vs attack（攻击）。写作金句：The cost of violence is paid by those who never chose the war, and that is why peace is the only victory worth the name（暴力的代价由从未选择战争的人偿付，这正是和平是唯一配称胜利的原因）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语violentia"猛烈"（vis"力量"）→ 强力→ 暴力。联想：vis"力"→ violence（暴力）、violent（暴力的）、virulent（恶毒的→ 强力有害）。记住：vi = 力，olence = 强力所致。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：violence可指自然力的"猛烈"，如the violence of the wind（狂风）。并非仅指人际暴力，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The cost of violence is paid by the young and the innocent, and the supreme hope of every soldier is to return home untouched."（暴力的代价由青年与无辜者偿付，而每名士兵至高的希望是毫发无损地回家。）（经典原句·violence 暴力） 【搭配词块】 the cost of violence 暴力的代价 / domestic violence 家庭暴力 / violent adj. 暴力的 / violently adv. 猛烈地 9. supreme /suːˈpriːm/ adj. 最高的，至上的 【核心考点】 supreme是描写类与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①最高的，至上的——the supreme hope（至高的希望）、supreme courage（至高的勇气）；②（机构）最高级别的——the Supreme Court（最高法院）。派生词：supremacy n. 至高，霸权；supremely adv. 极其。辨析：supreme（最高的，至上的，强调无可超越）vs highest（最高的）vs ultimate（最终的）vs maximum（最大的）。写作金句：The supreme test of a nation is not how it wins a war, but how it treats the peace that follows（对一个民族至高无上的考验，不在于它如何赢得战争，而在于它如何对待随之而来的和平）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语supremus"最高的"（super"在上"的最高级）→ 最高→ 至上。联想：super"上"→ supreme（至上的）、superior（较高的）、superb（极好的）。记住：supreme = 最高一等。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：supreme作名词可指"至高无上的人/物"，如the Supreme（上帝/最高权威）。机构名如the Supreme Court为专有，阅读中注意首字母大写。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The supreme hope of every soldier is to return home untouched, yet peace once broken is the hardest thing to win back."（每名士兵至高的希望是毫发无损地回家，然而和平一旦破碎便最难赢回。）（经典原句·supreme 至上的） 【搭配词块】 the supreme hope 至高的希望 / the Supreme Court 最高法院 / supremacy n. 至高 / supremely adv. 极其 10. aggression /əˈɡreʃn/ n. 侵略，攻击性 【核心考点】 aggression是新闻类与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①侵略——condemn aggression（谴责侵略）、an act of aggression（侵略行径）；②攻击性，好斗——verbal aggression（言语攻击）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：aggressive adj. 好斗的，积极进取的→ an aggressive policy（激进的政策）；aggressively adv. aggressively。辨析：aggression（侵略，攻击性）vs attack（攻击）vs invasion（入侵）vs hostility（敌意）。写作金句：Aggression solves nothing that talk cannot, and leaves scars that talk could have prevented（侵略解决不了谈判不能解决的问题，却留下本可避免的伤痕）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语aggressio"进攻"（ad-"向"+gredi"行走"）→ 走向前攻击→ 侵略。联想：gress"走"→ aggression（侵略）、aggressive（好斗的）、congress（国会→ 走到一起）、progress（进步→ 向前走）。记住：ag + gress = 向前冲。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：aggression在心理/体育语境中意为"进取心、攻击性"（中性或褒义），如an aggressive player（敢打敢拼的球员）。此义与"侵略"方向相反，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The most prominent voices today condemn aggression in all its forms, and call on nations to settle their friction through talk, not weapons."（当今最杰出的声音谴责一切形式的侵略，并呼吁各国以谈判而非武器化解摩擦。）（经典原句·aggression 侵略） 【搭配词块】 condemn aggression 谴责侵略 / an act of aggression 侵略行径 / aggressive adj. 好斗的 / aggressively adv. 进取地 11. friction /ˈfrɪkʃn/ n. 摩擦，不和 【核心考点】 friction是说明文与议论文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①（人际）摩擦，不和——settle friction（化解摩擦）、cause friction（引发摩擦）；②（物理）摩擦——reduce friction（减少摩擦）。派生词：frictional adj. 摩擦的。辨析：friction（摩擦，不和，抽象）vs conflict（冲突，较激烈）vs tension（紧张）vs dispute（争端）。写作金句：A little friction between friends is only the sound of two honest hearts learning to fit（朋友间的小小摩擦，只是两颗真诚的心学着契合的声音）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语frictio"摩擦"（fricare"擦"）→ 擦→ 摩擦。联想：fric"擦"→ friction（摩擦）、frictionless（无摩擦的）。记住：fric = 擦，摩擦即不和。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：friction在物理中意为"摩擦力"，如kinetic friction（动摩擦）。此义为科学用语，阅读中注意与"人际不和"区分。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The most prominent voices today condemn aggression in all its forms, and call on nations to settle their friction through talk, not weapons."（当今最杰出的声音谴责一切形式的侵略，并呼吁各国以谈判而非武器化解摩擦。）（经典原句·friction 摩擦） 【搭配词块】 settle friction 化解摩擦 / cause friction 引发摩擦 / reduce friction 减少摩擦 / frictional adj. 摩擦的 12. memorial /məˈmɔːriəl/ n./adj. 纪念碑（的），纪念的 【核心考点】 memorial是文化类与历史语篇的高频词。作名词：纪念碑，纪念物——a war memorial（战争纪念碑）、a memorial to the dead（逝者纪念碑）。作形容词：纪念的——a memorial service（追悼仪式）、Memorial Day（纪念日）。派生词：memorize v. 记住；memory n. 记忆。辨析：memorial（纪念碑，纪念的）vs monument（纪念碑，广义）vs remembrance（纪念，回忆）vs memory（记忆）。写作金句：A memorial is a promise carved in stone that we will not forget, and a warning that we need not repeat（纪念碑是刻在石上的承诺：我们不会遗忘，也不必重演）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语memorialis"记忆的"（memoria"记忆"）→ 记忆的→ 纪念的。联想：memor"记忆"→ memorial（纪念碑）、memory（记忆）、memorize（记住）、commemorate（纪念）。记住：memor = 记忆，memorial = 为记忆而立。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：memorial作形容词直接修饰名词（a memorial service 追悼仪式），也作专有名词（Memorial Day 阵亡将士纪念日）。注意词性随位置变化。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A small memorial stands in the square, and the mayor dedicates a few quiet words to the fallen."（广场上矗立着一座小小的纪念碑，市长向逝者献上几句静默的悼词。）（经典原句·memorial 纪念碑） 【搭配词块】 a war memorial 战争纪念碑 / in memorial of 纪念 / a memorial service 追悼仪式 / memorize v. 记住 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 commemorate commemoration (n.) commemorative (adj.) --- commemorate the dead / in commemoration of dedicate dedicated (adj.) dedication (n.) --- dedicate oneself to / a dedicated teacher represent representative (n./adj.) representation (n.) --- represent one's country / be represented by glory glorious (adj.) glorify (v.) --- win glory / a glorious victory prominent prominence (n.) prominently (adv.) --- a prominent voice / rise to prominence condemn condemnation (n.) condemned (adj.) --- condemn aggression / condemnation liberate liberation (n.) liberty (n.) liberated (adj.) liberate a city / liberation violence violent (adj.) violently (adv.) --- the cost of violence / domestic violence supreme supremacy (n.) supremely (adv.) --- the supreme hope / the Supreme Court aggression aggressive (adj.) aggressively (adv.) --- condemn aggression / aggressive friction frictional (adj.) --- --- settle friction / cause friction memorial memorize (v.) memory (n.) memorialize (v.) a war memorial / in memorial of Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2024新高考II卷·语法填空·改编）Chinese cultural elements ____________ (commemoration) Tang Xianzu add an international character to the town. 2.（2022新高考I卷·阅读·改编）David ____________ (dedication) all his energy to running as soon as the race started. 3.（2023新高考II卷·阅读·改编）The culture ____________ (represent) by the Forbidden City is quite different from that of the hutongs. 4.（2026山东济南·模拟）The soldiers won ____________ (glorious) on the battlefield and returned home as heroes. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）A ____________ (prominence) scientist gave a speech calling for peace. 6.（2026江苏南京·模拟）All nations should ____________ (condemn) aggression in any form. 7.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The army helped to ____________ (liberation) the small town from enemy control. 8.（2026四川成都·模拟）The ____________ (violent) of the conflict shocked the whole world. 9.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）It was his ____________ (supreme) wish to see his children grow up in peace. 10.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）The country faced an act of ____________ (aggressive) from its neighbour. 11.（2026福建厦门·模拟）Talks were held to settle the ____________ (frictional) between the two groups. 12.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）A war ____________ (memorize) was built in the centre of the city. 13.（2026陕西西安·模拟）People ____________ (commemoration) the victory with a moment of silence. 14.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）She ____________ (dedicate) her life to helping the wounded. 15.（2026河南郑州·模拟）The building ____________ (represent) the hope of a new generation. 【答案】 1. commemorating 2. devoted 3. represented 4. glory 5. prominent 6. condemn 7. liberate 8. violence 9. supreme 10. aggression 11. friction 12. memorial 13. commemorated 14. dedicated 15. represents 【逐题解析】 1. commemorating — 提示词commemoration为名词，elements与commemorate为主动关系，用现在分词commemorating作后置定语。 2. devoted — 提示词dedication为名词，本句缺谓语，主语David为单数过去时，用devoted（devote的过去式）。 3. represented — 提示词represent为动词，culture与represent为被动关系，用过去分词represented作后置定语。 4. glory — 提示词glorious为形容词，won后须用名词，glory意为"荣耀"。 5. prominent — 提示词prominence为名词，A后须用形容词，a prominent scientist意为"杰出的科学家"。 6. condemn — 提示词condemnation为名词，should后须用动词原形，condemn意为"谴责"。 7. liberate — 提示词liberation为名词，help to后须用动词原形，liberate意为"解放"。 8. violence — 提示词violent为形容词，The后须用名词，violence意为"暴力"。 9. supreme — 提示词supremacy为名词，修饰wish须用形容词，the supreme wish意为"至高的愿望"。 10. aggression — 提示词aggressive为形容词，an act of后须用名词，aggression意为"侵略"。 11. friction — 提示词frictional为形容词，settle后须用名词，friction意为"摩擦"。 12. memorial — 提示词memorize为动词，A war后须用名词，a war memorial意为"战争纪念碑"。 13. commemorated — 提示词commemoration为名词，本句缺谓语，主语people为复数过去时，用commemorated。 14. dedicated — 提示词dedicate为动词，本句缺谓语，主语she为单数过去时，用dedicated。 15. represents — 提示词represent为动词，主语building为单数，一般现在时用represents。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 全镇聚首以____________（纪念）逝者；广场____________（纪念碑）前，市长向逝者____________（献词）。解放____________（解放）城市不易，____________（暴力）代价由无辜偿付，士兵____________（至高的）希望是回家。 历史未把战争描绘成____________（代表）____________（荣耀）；杰出____________（杰出的）声音____________（谴责）____________（侵略），以谈判化____________（摩擦）。真正____________（荣耀）属于和平缔造者。 【答案】 commemorate; memorial; dedicate; liberate; violence; supreme; represent; glory; prominent; condemn; aggression; friction; glory Part 7 关联阅读 Each spring, the village comes together to commemorate the soldiers who never returned. A simple memorial of stone marks the hill where they fell, and the oldest resident dedicates a short speech to their names. For the children, it is a lesson older than any book, taught not in words but in silence. The mayor lays a wreath, and the band plays a song their grandfathers knew, a tune that needs no translation. No one speaks of victory that day, only of the cost, and of the duty to remember those who gave more than they could ever receive. The children listen, and something quiet takes root in them that no lesson could plant. To liberate a town from fear is harder than any battle, for the wounds of violence run deeper than the walls it breaks. The supreme wish of those who survived was not revenge but rest, a quiet life free from the sound of guns. Old photographs show streets now unbroken, and the young can hardly imagine the terror their grandparents endured, which is itself a kind of peace won slowly. The survivors say peace is not the absence of noise, but the presence of trust between strangers who once were enemies. They rebuilt not only houses but the habit of trust, which once lost is the slowest thing to grow back. What the survivors ask of us is plain: do not let the silence they won be broken again. History does not represent war as something glorious, but as a warning carved in sorrow. The most prominent leaders of our time condemn aggression in every form, and urge nations to settle their friction with words instead of weapons. True glory, they argue, belongs to those who build, not those who break, and to the quiet courage of ordinary people who choose talk over tanks. Schoolbooks now teach the cost before the cause, so that the next generation may understand the hardest victory is the one won without a single shot fired. Museums now keep the letters soldiers wrote home, so we may read the war as they lived it. 1. What does the village do each spring? A. They hold a noisy celebration. B. They commemorate the soldiers who never returned. C. They build a new school. D. They forget the past on purpose. 2. What was the supreme wish of those who survived the war? A. To take revenge on the enemy. B. To win more battles. C. Rest and a quiet life free from guns. D. To become famous leaders. 3. According to the passage, how should nations settle their friction? A. By firing the first shot. B. By building more weapons. C. With words instead of weapons. D. By blaming the young. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. War is the best way to gain glory. B. Forgetting the past is the key to peace. C. Victories are won by the strongest army. D. True glory belongs to those who build peace, not those who destroy. 【参考答案与高考标准解析】 答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.D 第1题（细节理解题·高考高频）：首段明确交代——"the village comes together to commemorate the soldiers who never returned"，全村聚首纪念未归的士兵，与B项They commemorate the soldiers who never returned对应，故选B。A项"喧闹庆典"与原文"not a loud celebration"相反；C项"建新校"、D项"故意遗忘"均无依据。 第2题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第二段是解题句——"The supreme wish of those who survived was not revenge but rest, a quiet life free from the sound of guns"，幸存者至高的愿望不是复仇而是安宁、远离枪声的平静生活，与C项Rest and a quiet life free from guns吻合，故选C。A项"复仇"、B项"赢更多仗"、D项"成为名领袖"均与原文"not revenge"相悖。 第3题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第三段明确——"urge nations to settle their friction with words instead of weapons"，呼吁各国以言辞而非武器化解摩擦，与C项With words instead of weapons一致，故选C。A项"先开枪"、B项"造更多武器"、D项"责怪青年"均违背文意。 第4题（主旨大意题·高考压轴）：全文以春祭、解放与历史教训为线，末段点明主旨——"True glory, they argue, belongs to those who build, not those who break"，真正的荣耀属于建设者而非破坏者，与D项True glory belongs to those who build peace, not those who destroy吻合，故选D。A项"战争得荣耀"、B项"遗忘是和平关键"、C项"胜利靠最强军队"均偏离主题。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：commemorate, dedicate, represent, glory, prominent, condemn, liberate, violence, supreme, aggression, friction, memorial Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. The town holds a ceremony each year to remember the soldiers. → The town holds a ceremony each year to ____________ the soldiers. 2. She gave her whole life to helping the poor. → She ____________ her life to helping the poor. 3. The dove stands for peace in many cultures. → The dove ____________ peace in many cultures. 4. The team won great honour at the international games. → The team won great ____________ at the international games. 5. A well-known scientist warned us about the danger. → A ____________ scientist warned us about the danger. 6. All countries should speak strongly against any invasion. → All countries should ____________ any invasion. 7. The army helped free the captured villagers. → The army helped ____________ the captured villagers. 8. The harm caused by the conflict shocked the world. → The ____________ of the conflict shocked the world. 9. It was his highest wish to see his family again. → It was his ____________ wish to see his family again. 10. The country faced an act of attack from its neighbour. → The country faced an act of ____________ from its neighbour. 11. Talks were held to end the conflict between the two sides. → Talks were held to settle the ____________ between the two sides. 12. A stone monument was built in memory of the heroes. → A stone ____________ was built in memory of the heroes. 【答案】 1. commemorate 2. dedicated 3. represents 4. glory 5. prominent 6. condemn 7. liberate 8. violence 9. supreme 10. aggression 11. friction 12. memorial Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：commemorate → dedicate → represent → glory → prominent → condemn → liberate → violence → supreme → aggression → friction → memorial 复述模板（填空）： 全镇聚首以____________（纪念）逝者；____________（纪念碑）前市长____________（献词）。解放____________（解放）城市不易，____________（暴力）代价由无辜偿付，士兵____________（至高的）希望是回家。 历史未把战争描绘成____________（代表）____________（荣耀）；____________（杰出的）声音____________（谴责）____________（侵略），以谈判化____________（摩擦）。真正____________（荣耀）属于和平缔造者。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：commemorate; memorial; dedicate; liberate; violence; supreme; represent; glory; prominent; condemn; aggression; friction; glory 复述模板参考版本： Each year the town gathers to commemorate those who gave their lives, and a small memorial in the square marks where they fell while the mayor dedicates a few quiet words to the dead. To liberate a city from violence is never simple, and the supreme hope of every soldier is to return home in peace. History does not represent war as glory, but as a warning; the most prominent voices condemn aggression in all its forms and urge nations to settle their friction with talk. True glory belongs to those who build peace, not those who destroy. 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $