专题02 Unit 2 A life's work-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语外研版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理12个高考高频词汇，通过“语境串记语篇”整合知识点，结合词根拆解、词性变化总表等构建考点联系，以任务驱动引导学生自主梳理词汇网络，提升语言理解与表达能力。 亮点在于自主学习支持与个性化设计，如语法填空（真题改编）、默写练习及记忆链复述自测，培养学习能力与思维品质。学生可通过练习诊断薄弱点，教师依托学情数据精准指导，助力高效备考与因材施教。

乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题02【语境串考点】第二单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：craft / preserve / precious / restoration / artisan / ambitious / associate / analysis / comprise / dominate / intricate / painstaking （知识点来源：选修三 Unit 2 · A life's work + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 9 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9 【练习题】 9 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 10 【练习题】 10 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 Every great museum owes its beauty to the quiet people who craft and preserve the past. A single precious object can tell a story of a thousand years, if only we learn to listen. Behind the glass, what seems still is in fact the result of endless patience and care, passed from one careful hand to the next. The restoration of an old painting is no easy task. It takes an artisan years of practice to master the gentle touch required, and even the most ambitious young worker must begin with the smallest details. Slowly, colour returns where time had faded it, and a lost face looks back at us once more. Modern science now helps the craft. Specialists associate old records with new methods, and careful analysis of each layer can reveal how a work was made. A painting may comprise dozens of hidden sketches, while one colour can dominate the whole mood. The intricate patterns demand painstaking work, yet the reward is a masterpiece brought back to life. 【中文译文】 每一座伟大博物馆的美，都归功于那些默默创作（craft）并保存（preserve）过往的匠人。一件珍贵（precious）的物件，只要我们学会聆听，便能讲述千年的故事。玻璃之后看似静止的一切，实则是无尽耐心与呵护的结果，由一双双谨慎的手代代相传。 一幅古画的修复（restoration）绝非易事。一名工匠（artisan）需要多年练习才能掌握所需的轻柔手法，即便最有抱负（ambitious）的年轻匠人，也必须从最细微处着手。慢慢地，色彩回到时光褪去的地方，一张遗失的面孔再次回望我们。 现代科学如今助力这门手艺。专家们把（associate）旧档案与新方法联系起来，对每一层的仔细分析（analysis）能揭示作品如何制成。一幅画可能包含（comprise）数十幅隐藏的草图，而一种色彩便能主导（dominate）整体氛围。错综复杂（intricate）的图案需要艰苦细致（painstaking）的工作，但回报是一幅重获新生的杰作。 Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 craft /krɑːft/ n./v. 工艺，手艺；精心制作 ⚡考点：traditional craft 传统工艺；craft an object 精心制作物件；craftsman n. 工匠 2 preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ v. 保护，保存，腌制 ⚡考点：preserve the past 保存过去；be well preserved 保存完好；preservation n. 保护 3 precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的 ⚡考点：precious natural assets 宝贵的自然资产；precious time 宝贵的时间；preciously adv. 珍贵地 4 restoration /ˌrestəˈreɪʃn/ n. 修复，恢复 ⚡考点：the restoration of 对…的修复；restoration work 修复工作；restore v. 修复 5 artisan /ˈɑːtɪzæn/ n. 工匠，手艺人 ⚡考点：a skilled artisan 熟练的工匠；artisan skills 匠人技艺；artisanal adj. 手工艺的 6 ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/ adj. 有雄心的，宏大的 ⚡考点：an ambitious plan 宏大的计划；be ambitious for 渴望；ambition n. 抱负 7 associate /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ v. 联系，使联合 ⚡考点：associate A with B 把A与B联系起来；be associated with 与…有关；association n. 协会 8 analysis /əˈnæləsɪs/ n. 分析，解析 ⚡考点：careful analysis 仔细分析；data analysis 数据分析；analyse (analyze) v. 分析 9 comprise /kəmˈpraɪz/ v. 包含，由…组成 ⚡考点：comprise dozens of 包含数十个；be comprised of 由…组成；comprising adj. 包含的 10 dominate /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/ v. 支配，主导，俯瞰 ⚡考点：dominate the mood 主导氛围；dominate the field 主导领域；dominant adj. 主导的 11 intricate /ˈɪntrɪkət/ adj. 错综复杂的，精细的 ⚡考点：intricate patterns 错综复杂的图案；an intricate design 精细的设计；intricately adv. 复杂地 12 painstaking /ˈpeɪnzteɪkɪŋ/ adj. 艰苦细致的，煞费苦心的 ⚡考点：painstaking work 细致的工作；painstaking efforts 煞费苦心的努力；painstakingly adv. 精心地 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. craft /krɑːft/ n./v. 工艺，手艺；精心制作 【核心考点】 craft是说明文与文化类语篇的高频词。作名词：①工艺，手艺——traditional craft（传统工艺）、craft skills（匠艺）；②（单数）技巧，手段——the craft of writing（写作技巧）。作动词：精心制作——craft an object（精心制作物件）、craft a plan（精心制定计划）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：craftsman n. 工匠；craftsmanship n. 工艺。辨析：craft（手艺，精心制作）vs skill（技能）vs technique（技术）vs art（艺术）。写作金句：A life's work is not built in a day, but crafted stroke by stroke, with patience the world has forgotten（一生的事业非一日建成，而是一笔一笔精心雕琢，带着世人已遗忘的耐心）。 【词根联想】 古英语cræft"力量、技艺"→ 技艺。联想：craft"技艺"→ craft（工艺）、craftsman（工匠）、craftsmanship（工艺）。记住：craft=用手练出来的技艺。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：craft还可指"航空器、船"（总称），如aircraft（飞机）、spacecraft（航天器）。此义为集合名词，阅读中注意单复数同形。 【真题原句】 （2023北京卷·阅读真题）"Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen(工匠) who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world and what they valued most."（复原数百年前工匠的作品，能揭示他们如何看待世界、最看重什么。）（真题原句·craft 工艺/工匠） 【搭配词块】 traditional craft 传统工艺 / craft an object 精心制作物件 / craftsman n. 工匠 / craftsmanship n. 工艺 2. preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ v. 保护，保存，腌制 【核心考点】 preserve是说明文与环境类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①保护，保存——preserve the past（保存过去）、preserve the environment（保护环境）；②保持，使不变——preserve one's health（保持健康）；③腌制。派生词是语法填空高频考点：preservation n. 保护，保存→ nature preservation（自然保护）；preserved adj. 保存的；preservative n. 防腐剂。辨析：preserve（保护使不受损）vs conserve（节约/保存资源）vs reserve（保留，预订）vs protect（保护免受伤害）。写作金句：To preserve a craft is to preserve a way of seeing the world that no machine can replace（保存一门手艺，就是保存一种机器无法替代的看世界的方式）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语praeservare"事先保存"（prae-"前"+servare"保持"）→ 事先保全→ 保存。联想：serv"保持"→ preserve（保存）、reserve（保留）、conserve（保存）、observe（观察→保持观看）。记住：pre + serve = 提前保住。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：preserve还可作名词表示"禁猎区，保护区"，如a nature preserve（自然保护区）。此义为名词，阅读中注意词性转换。 【真题原句】 （2024全国甲卷·语法填空真题）"This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy as a national park."（这片独特而令人叹为观止的自然美景，必须被妥善保存，供全国人民作为国家公园享用。）（真题原句·preserve 保存） 【搭配词块】 preserve the past 保存过去 / be well preserved 保存完好 / nature preservation 自然保护 / preserved adj. 保存的 3. precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的 【核心考点】 precious是描写类与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①宝贵的，珍贵的——precious natural assets（宝贵的自然资产）、precious time（宝贵的时间）——Every moment is precious。派生词：preciously adv. 珍贵地；preciousness n. 珍贵。辨析：precious（宝贵的，带情感价值）vs valuable（有价值的）vs priceless（无价的）vs costly（昂贵的）。写作金句：The most precious things in life are not priced in gold, but in the quiet hours we give to those we love（生命中最宝贵的东西不以黄金计价，而以我们给所爱之人的宁静时光衡量）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语pretiosus"有价值的"（pretium"价格"→ 高价→ 珍贵）。联想：pret"价格"→ precious（珍贵的）、appreciate（欣赏→ 给出价格）、price（价格）。记住：preci=价高，价高即珍贵。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：precious在口语中可作反语表示"矫揉造作的，宝贝似的"，如a precious smile（故作宝贝状的微笑）。正式语篇中仍表"珍贵"。 【真题原句】 （2022新高考I卷·语法填空真题）"The plan will extend protection to many areas and leave behind precious natural assets for future generations."（该计划将把保护延伸至许多区域，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产。）（真题原句·precious 宝贵的） 【搭配词块】 precious natural assets 宝贵的自然资产 / precious time 宝贵的时间 / preciously adv. 珍贵地 / preciousness n. 珍贵 4. restoration /ˌrestəˈreɪʃn/ n. 修复，恢复 【核心考点】 restoration是文化类与说明文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①修复，复原——the restoration of an old painting（古画的修复）、restoration work（修复工作）；②恢复（地位、秩序）——the restoration of peace（恢复和平）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：restore v. 修复，恢复→ restore the building（修复建筑）；restored adj. 修复的。辨析：restoration（修复，恢复原状）vs repair（修理，修补）vs recovery（康复，找回）vs renewal（更新）。写作金句：Restoration is an act of respect: to bring back what time tried to erase, so the future can meet the past（修复是一种敬意：唤回时间试图抹去之物，让未来得以与过去相遇）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语restaurare"重建"（re-"再"+staurare"使稳固"）→ 再稳固→ 修复。联想：store"储备"→ restoration（修复）、restore（修复）、restaurant（餐馆→ 恢复体力的地方）。记住：re + store = 重新立稳。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：Restoration作专有名词首字母大写时指"（英国）王政复辟时期"，如the Restoration（1660年复辟）。此义为历史专有，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The restoration of an old painting is no easy task, for it takes an artisan years to master the gentle touch required."（一幅古画的修复绝非易事，因为它需要工匠苦练多年才能掌握所需的轻柔手法。）（经典原句·restoration 修复） 【搭配词块】 the restoration of 对…的修复 / restoration work 修复工作 / restore v. 修复 / restored adj. 修复的 5. artisan /ˈɑːtɪzæn/ n. 工匠，手艺人 【核心考点】 artisan是文化类与人物描写语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①工匠，手艺人——a skilled artisan（熟练的工匠）、a local artisan（当地手艺人）。派生词：artisanal adj. 手工艺的——artisanal bread（手工面包）；artisanship n. 手艺。辨析：artisan（工匠，手艺人）vs craftsman（工匠，强调技艺）vs worker（工人）vs maker（制作者）。写作金句：An artisan does not count the hours, but gives them, because the work itself is the reward（工匠不计较时间，而是交付时间，因为作品本身就是回报）。 【词根联想】 意大利语artigiano"手艺人"（ars"技艺"+后缀）→ 技艺之人→ 工匠。联想：art"技艺"→ artisan（工匠）、art（艺术）、artist（艺术家）、artistic（艺术的）。记住：art + isan = 以艺为生的人。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：artisan意义稳定，多指传统手艺人。注意artisanal为其形容词形式，阅读中常见artisanal products（手工艺品）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"It takes an artisan years of practice to master the gentle touch required, and even the most ambitious young worker must begin with the smallest details."（一名工匠需要多年练习才能掌握所需的轻柔手法，即便最有抱负的年轻匠人也必须从最细微处着手。）（经典原句·artisan 工匠） 【搭配词块】 a skilled artisan 熟练的工匠 / artisan skills 匠人技艺 / artisanal adj. 手工艺的 / artisanship n. 手艺 6. ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/ adj. 有雄心的，宏大的 【核心考点】 ambitious是人物描写与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①有雄心的，有抱负的——an ambitious young worker（有抱负的年轻匠人）、be ambitious for fame（渴望成名）；②宏大的，要求高的——an ambitious plan（宏大的计划）、an ambitious project（艰巨的项目）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：ambition n. 雄心，抱负→ achieve one's ambition（实现抱负）；ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地。辨析：ambitious（有雄心的，宏大的）vs aggressive（进取的，好斗的）vs eager（热切的）vs determined（坚定的）。写作金句：An ambitious heart is a good servant but a poor master; let it push you, not break you（有抱负的心是好的仆人，却是坏的主人；让它推动你，而非压垮你）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语ambire"四处走动（寻求支持）"（ambi-"周围"+ire"走"）→ 谋求→ 雄心。联想：amb"周围"→ ambitious（有雄心的）、ambition（抱负）、ambassador（大使→ 周旋各方）。记住：ambi + tious = 四处谋求→ 有抱负。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：ambitious修饰事物时意为"要求高的、艰巨的"，如an ambitious task（艰巨的任务），并非指人"有野心"。阅读中注意修饰对象。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Even the most ambitious young worker must begin with the smallest details, for mastery is built from the ground up."（即便最有抱负的年轻匠人也必须从最细微处着手，因为 mastery 是从根基建起的。）（经典原句·ambitious 有抱负的） 【搭配词块】 an ambitious plan 宏大的计划 / be ambitious for 渴望 / achieve one's ambition 实现抱负 / ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地 7. associate /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ v. 联系，使联合 【核心考点】 associate是说明文与议论文语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①把…联系起来——associate A with B（把A与B联系起来）——We associate spring with hope；②（与…）交往，联想——associate with good people。派生词是语法填空高频考点：association n. 协会，联想→ in association with（与…联合）；associated adj. 相关的→ be associated with（与…有关）。辨析：associate（联系，联想）vs connect（连接）vs link（联结）vs relate（关联，叙述）。写作金句：We tend to associate silence with weakness, yet in the workshop silence is where the truest work happens（我们往往把沉默与软弱联系起来，然而在工坊里，沉默正是最真实的工作发生之处）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语associare"结交"（ad-"向"+socius"同伴"）→ 结伴→ 联系。联想：soci"同伴"→ associate（联系）、society（社会）、social（社会的）、association（协会）。记住：as + soci = 拉成同伴。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：associate作名词读/əˈsəʊʃiət/时意为"同事，准会员"，如a research associate（副研究员）。注意动词与名词发音及重音不同。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Specialists associate old records with new methods, and careful analysis of each layer can reveal how a work was made."（专家们把旧档案与新方法联系起来，对每一层的仔细分析能揭示作品如何制成。）（经典原句·associate 联系） 【搭配词块】 associate A with B 把A与B联系起来 / be associated with 与…有关 / in association with 与…联合 / association n. 协会 8. analysis /əˈnæləsɪs/ n. 分析，解析 【核心考点】 analysis是说明文与学术类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①分析，解析——careful analysis（仔细分析）、data analysis（数据分析）——on closer analysis（进一步分析）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：analyse（美 analyze）v. 分析→ analyse the cause（分析原因）；analytic adj. 分析的。辨析：analysis（分析，名词）vs research（研究）vs survey（调查）vs study（研究，学习）。写作金句：Behind every great restoration lies a quiet analysis that most people never see, yet without it nothing could be saved（每一场伟大的修复背后，都有一场多数人看不见的安静分析，然而没有它，什么也救不回来）。 【词根联想】 希腊语analysis"松解"（ana-"贯穿"+lysis"松开"）→ 拆开→ 分析。联想：lys"松开"→ analysis（分析）、analyse（分析）、paralysis（瘫痪→ 松开不动）。记住：ana + lysis = 拆开来看。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：analysis复数形式为analyses（/əˈnæləsiːz/），语法填空中若见提示词analysis且主语为复数，须用analyses。注意单复数变化。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Careful analysis of each layer can reveal how a work was made, down to the very brush the artist used."（对每一层的仔细分析能揭示作品如何制成，甚至精确到艺术家所用的画笔。）（经典原句·analysis 分析） 【搭配词块】 careful analysis 仔细分析 / data analysis 数据分析 / analyse v. 分析 / analytic adj. 分析的 9. comprise /kəmˈpraɪz/ v. 包含，由…组成 【核心考点】 comprise是说明文与结构类语篇的高频动词（无被动）。用法要点：①包含，包括——The collection comprises 200 works（藏品包含200件作品）；②由…组成——be comprised of（由…组成）——The team is comprised of experts。辨析：comprise（包含，整体由部分组成，用主动）vs compose（组成，常用于be composed of）vs consist（在于，由…组成，用of）vs include（包括，部分包含）。写作金句：A life's work comprises not only the things we finish, but the patience we practise while unfinished（一生的事业不仅包含我们完成的事，也包含我们在未完成时所修炼的耐心）。 【词根联想】 法语compris"包含"（拉丁语comprehendere"抓住"）→ 全部抓住→ 包含。联想：prehend"抓"→ comprise（包含）、comprehend（理解）、comprehensive（全面的）。记住：com + prise = 全抓住→ 包含。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：comprise无被动语态；表"由…组成"时可用be comprised of（被动形式存在，但comprise本身主动表被动义）。语法填空中若提示词comprise且主语为整体，用comprises/comprised。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A painting may comprise dozens of hidden sketches, while one colour can dominate the whole mood."（一幅画可能包含数十幅隐藏的草图，而一种色彩便能主导整体氛围。）（经典原句·comprise 包含） 【搭配词块】 comprise dozens of 包含数十个 / be comprised of 由…组成 / comprising adj. 包含的 / comprise v. 包含 10. dominate /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/ v. 支配，主导，俯瞰 【核心考点】 dominate是说明文与描写类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①主导，支配——dominate the mood（主导氛围）、dominate the field（主导领域）；②俯瞰，高耸于——The tower dominates the skyline（塔楼俯瞰天际线）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：dominant adj. 主导的，占优势的→ a dominant colour（主色）；dominance n. 主导地位。辨析：dominate（主导，支配）vs control（控制）vs lead（领先，领导）vs govern（统治）。写作金句：One colour may dominate a painting, but it is the quiet ones that hold the whole together（一种色彩可能主导一幅画，但正是那些安静的色彩把整体维系在一起）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语dominari"统治"（dominus"主人"）→ 主人般统治→ 主导。联想：domin"主人"→ dominate（主导）、dominant（主导的）、domain（领域→ 主人之地）、dominate（支配）。记住：domin=主人，作主即主导。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：dominate作"俯瞰"时为空间义，如The mountain dominates the valley（山峦俯瞰山谷）。此义与"主导"相通，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A painting may comprise dozens of hidden sketches, while one colour can dominate the whole mood."（一幅画可能包含数十幅隐藏的草图，而一种色彩便能主导整体氛围。）（经典原句·dominate 主导） 【搭配词块】 dominate the mood 主导氛围 / dominate the field 主导领域 / dominant adj. 主导的 / dominance n. 主导地位 11. intricate /ˈɪntrɪkət/ adj. 错综复杂的，精细的 【核心考点】 intricate是描写类与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①错综复杂的——intricate patterns（错综复杂的图案）、an intricate design（精细的设计）；②盘根错节的——an intricate problem（复杂的问题）。派生词：intricately adv. 复杂地；intricacy n. 复杂（常复数 intricacies）。辨析：intricate（精细错综的，带"巧妙交织"义）vs complex（复杂的）vs complicated（费解的）vs detailed（详细的）。写作金句：The intricate patterns of a life well lived are made of small, repeating kindnesses no one else notices（美好人生的错综图案，由无人留意的、反复的小小善举织成）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语intricatus"缠住的"（in-"入"+tricae"纠缠，麻烦"）→ 缠在一起→ 错综复杂的。联想：tric"纠缠"→ intricate（错综复杂的）、extricate（解脱→ 从纠缠中拔出）。记住：in + tricate = 缠进去了。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：intricate意义稳定，强调"精细而交织"的复杂，不同于单纯"难懂"。阅读中常修饰图案、机制、关系。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The intricate patterns demand painstaking work, yet the reward is a masterpiece brought back to life."（错综复杂的图案需要艰苦细致的工作，但回报是一幅重获新生的杰作。）（经典原句·intricate 错综复杂的） 【搭配词块】 intricate patterns 错综复杂的图案 / an intricate design 精细的设计 / intricately adv. 复杂地 / intricacy n. 复杂 12. painstaking /ˈpeɪnzteɪkɪŋ/ adj. 艰苦细致的，煞费苦心的 【核心考点】 painstaking是描写类与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①艰苦细致的，煞费苦心的——painstaking work（细致的工作）、painstaking efforts（煞费苦心的努力）——He is painstaking in his research。派生词：painstakingly adv. 精心地——a painstakingly restored chair（精心修复的椅子）。辨析：painstaking（细致入微、费尽心思的）vs careful（小心的）vs diligent（勤奋的）vs meticulous（一丝不苟的）。写作金句：Great craft is painstaking before it is beautiful; the world sees the beauty, but only the maker knows the pain（伟大的工艺在美之前是先苦的；世人看见美，唯有匠人懂得那份苦）。 【词根联想】 复合词：pain（辛苦）+ taking（花费）→ 花心思的→ 煞费苦心的。联想：pain"辛苦"→ painstaking（煞费苦心的）、painful（痛苦的）、take pains（费心）。记住：pain + taking = 费尽苦心。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：painstaking只作形容词（不作名词），常作前置定语或be painstaking in sth。语法填空中若提示词pain，且修饰名词工作，须用painstaking。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The intricate patterns demand painstaking work, yet the reward is a masterpiece brought back to life."（错综复杂的图案需要艰苦细致的工作，但回报是一幅重获新生的杰作。）（经典原句·painstaking 艰苦细致的） 【搭配词块】 painstaking work 细致的工作 / painstaking efforts 煞费苦心的努力 / painstakingly adv. 精心地 / take pains 费心 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 craft craftsman (n.) craftsmanship (n.) crafted (adj.) traditional craft / craft an object preserve preservation (n.) preserved (adj.) preservative (n.) preserve the past / be well preserved precious preciously (adv.) preciousness (n.) --- precious natural assets / precious time restoration restore (v.) restored (adj.) --- the restoration of / restoration work artisan artisanal (adj.) artisanship (n.) --- a skilled artisan / artisan skills ambitious ambition (n.) ambitiously (adv.) --- an ambitious plan / be ambitious for associate association (n.) associated (adj.) --- associate A with B / be associated with analysis analyse (v.) analytic (adj.) analyses (pl.) careful analysis / data analysis comprise comprises (v.) comprised (adj.) --- comprise dozens of / be comprised of dominate dominant (adj.) dominance (n.) --- dominate the mood / dominate the field intricate intricately (adv.) intricacy (n.) --- intricate patterns / an intricate design painstaking painstakingly (adv.) --- --- painstaking work / painstaking efforts Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2023北京卷·阅读·改编）Reconstructing the work of the ____________ (craftsman) can reveal how they viewed the world. 2.（2024全国甲卷·语法填空·改编）This area must be well ____________ (preserving) for all people to enjoy as a park. 3.（2022新高考I卷·语法填空·改编）The plan leaves behind ____________ (preciously) natural assets for future generations. 4.（2026山东济南·模拟）The ____________ (restore) of the old chair took the whole winter. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）A skilled ____________ (artisanal) can make a broken vase whole again. 6.（2026江苏南京·模拟）Even an ____________ (ambition) worker must begin with small details. 7.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）We should ____________ (association) old records with new methods. 8.（2026四川成都·模拟）Careful ____________ (analyse) of each layer shows how the work was made. 9.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）The collection ____________ (comprising) more than two hundred works. 10.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）One dark colour can ____________ (dominant) the whole mood of the room. 11.（2026福建厦门·模拟）The ____________ (intricacy) patterns on the box took months to finish. 12.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）Such ____________ (pain) work deserves our respect. 13.（2026陕西西安·模拟）Local people ____________ (craft) beautiful objects from bamboo. 14.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）These tools are ____________ (precious) to the family. 15.（2026河南郑州·模拟）The project is ____________ (ambition) but worth the effort. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 匠人____________（精心制作）并____________（保存）过往；一件____________（珍贵的）物件讲述千年故事，修复____________（修复）需____________（工匠）苦练，____________（有抱负的）者也从细节着手。 专家把旧档案____________（联系）新方法，仔细____________（分析）揭示制法；画作____________（包含）隐藏草图，一色____________（主导）氛围，____________（错综复杂的）图案需____________（艰苦细致的）工作。 Part 7 关联阅读 In a small workshop by the river, a team of makers craft objects that most people will never see up close. Their task is to preserve the skills of the past before they disappear forever. Each precious tool they finish carries the memory of those who came before, and the quiet hope that someone in the future will care for it too. What they make is not for sale so much as for keeping, a gift to time itself, earned one careful stroke at a time. Visitors often walk past the window without noticing the delicate work inside, yet every piece leaving the room has taken weeks of steady hands. Old tools are mended rather than thrown away, because nothing made by human hands should be forgotten. The restoration of an ancient chair can take a whole season. It requires an artisan who is both skilled and ambitious, willing to spend months on a single joint that no one will ever admire. The intricate lines of the wood must be read like a language, and a wrong move could erase a century of history in a second. Young workers watch and learn, knowing that their own hands will one day carry the same responsibility, and that mastery is measured in respect, not in speed. Mistakes are rare, because every cut is planned the night before and checked again at dawn, when the light is honest. To understand a finished piece, experts associate its style with the records of a certain town, then run a careful analysis of the materials used. A single chair may comprise parts from three different workshops, while one dark wood can dominate its whole appearance. Such painstaking study turns a quiet object into a story we can finally read. The chairs they save are not famous, but they hold the ordinary lives of people long gone, which is exactly why the quiet work matters. Museums across the country now borrow these restored works, and schoolchildren queue to see what patience can do when it refuses to hurry. Museums across the country now borrow these restored works, a quiet proof of what patience can do. 1. What is the main task of the makers in the riverside workshop? A. To sell precious tools to museums. B. To preserve the skills of the past. C. To teach children how to paint. D. To build new chairs for sale. 2. What does the restoration of an ancient chair require according to the passage? A. A skilled and ambitious artisan. B. A large amount of money. C. A machine that works fast. D. A single afternoon of work. 3. How do experts understand a finished piece of work? A. By selling it to a museum. B. By associating its style with old records and analysing materials. C. By asking the children to guess. D. By painting over the old colours. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Old chairs are more valuable than new ones. B. Museums should close to save money. C. A life's work is quiet, patient craft that outlasts the maker. D. Machines will soon replace all artisans. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：craft, preserve, precious, restoration, artisan, ambitious, associate, analysis, comprise, dominate, intricate, painstaking Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. Local people make beautiful objects from bamboo. → Local people ____________ beautiful objects from bamboo. 2. We must protect the old temple from damage. → We must ____________ the old temple from damage. 3. Every moment with family is very valuable. → Every moment with family is ____________. 4. The repair of the old bridge took two years. → The ____________ of the old bridge took two years. 5. A skilled worker can fix the broken clock. → A skilled ____________ can fix the broken clock. 6. He is a young man with big plans for the future. → He is a young man with ____________ plans for the future. 7. We should connect hard work with success. → We should ____________ hard work with success. 8. A careful study of the data shows a clear trend. → A careful ____________ of the data shows a clear trend. 9. The book includes ten short stories. → The book ____________ ten short stories. 10. One colour controls the whole feeling of the room. → One colour can ____________ the whole feeling of the room. 11. The box has a very detailed and complex pattern. → The box has an ____________ pattern. 12. Such careful and hard work deserves our respect. → Such ____________ work deserves our respect. Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：craft → preserve → precious → restoration → artisan → ambitious → associate → analysis → comprise → dominate → intricate → painstaking 复述模板（填空）： 匠人____________（精心制作）并____________（保存）过往；一件____________（珍贵的）物件讲述千年故事，____________（修复）古物需____________（工匠）苦练，____________（有抱负的）者从细节着手。 专家把旧档案____________（联系）新方法，仔细____________（分析）揭示制法；画作____________（包含）草图，一色____________（主导）氛围，____________（错综复杂的）图案需____________（艰苦细致的）工作。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题02【语境串考点】第二单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：craft / preserve / precious / restoration / artisan / ambitious / associate / analysis / comprise / dominate / intricate / painstaking （知识点来源：选修三 Unit 2 · A life's work + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9 【练习题】 9 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 10 【练习题】 10 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 Every great museum owes its beauty to the quiet people who craft and preserve the past. A single precious object can tell a story of a thousand years, if only we learn to listen. Behind the glass, what seems still is in fact the result of endless patience and care, passed from one careful hand to the next. The restoration of an old painting is no easy task. It takes an artisan years of practice to master the gentle touch required, and even the most ambitious young worker must begin with the smallest details. Slowly, colour returns where time had faded it, and a lost face looks back at us once more. Modern science now helps the craft. Specialists associate old records with new methods, and careful analysis of each layer can reveal how a work was made. A painting may comprise dozens of hidden sketches, while one colour can dominate the whole mood. The intricate patterns demand painstaking work, yet the reward is a masterpiece brought back to life. 【中文译文】 每一座伟大博物馆的美，都归功于那些默默创作（craft）并保存（preserve）过往的匠人。一件珍贵（precious）的物件，只要我们学会聆听，便能讲述千年的故事。玻璃之后看似静止的一切，实则是无尽耐心与呵护的结果，由一双双谨慎的手代代相传。 一幅古画的修复（restoration）绝非易事。一名工匠（artisan）需要多年练习才能掌握所需的轻柔手法，即便最有抱负（ambitious）的年轻匠人，也必须从最细微处着手。慢慢地，色彩回到时光褪去的地方，一张遗失的面孔再次回望我们。 现代科学如今助力这门手艺。专家们把（associate）旧档案与新方法联系起来，对每一层的仔细分析（analysis）能揭示作品如何制成。一幅画可能包含（comprise）数十幅隐藏的草图，而一种色彩便能主导（dominate）整体氛围。错综复杂（intricate）的图案需要艰苦细致（painstaking）的工作，但回报是一幅重获新生的杰作。 Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 craft /krɑːft/ n./v. 工艺，手艺；精心制作 ⚡考点：traditional craft 传统工艺；craft an object 精心制作物件；craftsman n. 工匠 2 preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ v. 保护，保存，腌制 ⚡考点：preserve the past 保存过去；be well preserved 保存完好；preservation n. 保护 3 precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的 ⚡考点：precious natural assets 宝贵的自然资产；precious time 宝贵的时间；preciously adv. 珍贵地 4 restoration /ˌrestəˈreɪʃn/ n. 修复，恢复 ⚡考点：the restoration of 对…的修复；restoration work 修复工作；restore v. 修复 5 artisan /ˈɑːtɪzæn/ n. 工匠，手艺人 ⚡考点：a skilled artisan 熟练的工匠；artisan skills 匠人技艺；artisanal adj. 手工艺的 6 ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/ adj. 有雄心的，宏大的 ⚡考点：an ambitious plan 宏大的计划；be ambitious for 渴望；ambition n. 抱负 7 associate /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ v. 联系，使联合 ⚡考点：associate A with B 把A与B联系起来；be associated with 与…有关；association n. 协会 8 analysis /əˈnæləsɪs/ n. 分析，解析 ⚡考点：careful analysis 仔细分析；data analysis 数据分析；analyse (analyze) v. 分析 9 comprise /kəmˈpraɪz/ v. 包含，由…组成 ⚡考点：comprise dozens of 包含数十个；be comprised of 由…组成；comprising adj. 包含的 10 dominate /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/ v. 支配，主导，俯瞰 ⚡考点：dominate the mood 主导氛围；dominate the field 主导领域；dominant adj. 主导的 11 intricate /ˈɪntrɪkət/ adj. 错综复杂的，精细的 ⚡考点：intricate patterns 错综复杂的图案；an intricate design 精细的设计；intricately adv. 复杂地 12 painstaking /ˈpeɪnzteɪkɪŋ/ adj. 艰苦细致的，煞费苦心的 ⚡考点：painstaking work 细致的工作；painstaking efforts 煞费苦心的努力；painstakingly adv. 精心地 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. craft /krɑːft/ n./v. 工艺，手艺；精心制作 【核心考点】 craft是说明文与文化类语篇的高频词。作名词：①工艺，手艺——traditional craft（传统工艺）、craft skills（匠艺）；②（单数）技巧，手段——the craft of writing（写作技巧）。作动词：精心制作——craft an object（精心制作物件）、craft a plan（精心制定计划）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：craftsman n. 工匠；craftsmanship n. 工艺。辨析：craft（手艺，精心制作）vs skill（技能）vs technique（技术）vs art（艺术）。写作金句：A life's work is not built in a day, but crafted stroke by stroke, with patience the world has forgotten（一生的事业非一日建成，而是一笔一笔精心雕琢，带着世人已遗忘的耐心）。 【词根联想】 古英语cræft"力量、技艺"→ 技艺。联想：craft"技艺"→ craft（工艺）、craftsman（工匠）、craftsmanship（工艺）。记住：craft=用手练出来的技艺。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：craft还可指"航空器、船"（总称），如aircraft（飞机）、spacecraft（航天器）。此义为集合名词，阅读中注意单复数同形。 【真题原句】 （2023北京卷·阅读真题）"Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen(工匠) who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world and what they valued most."（复原数百年前工匠的作品，能揭示他们如何看待世界、最看重什么。）（真题原句·craft 工艺/工匠） 【搭配词块】 traditional craft 传统工艺 / craft an object 精心制作物件 / craftsman n. 工匠 / craftsmanship n. 工艺 2. preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ v. 保护，保存，腌制 【核心考点】 preserve是说明文与环境类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①保护，保存——preserve the past（保存过去）、preserve the environment（保护环境）；②保持，使不变——preserve one's health（保持健康）；③腌制。派生词是语法填空高频考点：preservation n. 保护，保存→ nature preservation（自然保护）；preserved adj. 保存的；preservative n. 防腐剂。辨析：preserve（保护使不受损）vs conserve（节约/保存资源）vs reserve（保留，预订）vs protect（保护免受伤害）。写作金句：To preserve a craft is to preserve a way of seeing the world that no machine can replace（保存一门手艺，就是保存一种机器无法替代的看世界的方式）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语praeservare"事先保存"（prae-"前"+servare"保持"）→ 事先保全→ 保存。联想：serv"保持"→ preserve（保存）、reserve（保留）、conserve（保存）、observe（观察→保持观看）。记住：pre + serve = 提前保住。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：preserve还可作名词表示"禁猎区，保护区"，如a nature preserve（自然保护区）。此义为名词，阅读中注意词性转换。 【真题原句】 （2024全国甲卷·语法填空真题）"This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy as a national park."（这片独特而令人叹为观止的自然美景，必须被妥善保存，供全国人民作为国家公园享用。）（真题原句·preserve 保存） 【搭配词块】 preserve the past 保存过去 / be well preserved 保存完好 / nature preservation 自然保护 / preserved adj. 保存的 3. precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的 【核心考点】 precious是描写类与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①宝贵的，珍贵的——precious natural assets（宝贵的自然资产）、precious time（宝贵的时间）——Every moment is precious。派生词：preciously adv. 珍贵地；preciousness n. 珍贵。辨析：precious（宝贵的，带情感价值）vs valuable（有价值的）vs priceless（无价的）vs costly（昂贵的）。写作金句：The most precious things in life are not priced in gold, but in the quiet hours we give to those we love（生命中最宝贵的东西不以黄金计价，而以我们给所爱之人的宁静时光衡量）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语pretiosus"有价值的"（pretium"价格"→ 高价→ 珍贵）。联想：pret"价格"→ precious（珍贵的）、appreciate（欣赏→ 给出价格）、price（价格）。记住：preci=价高，价高即珍贵。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：precious在口语中可作反语表示"矫揉造作的，宝贝似的"，如a precious smile（故作宝贝状的微笑）。正式语篇中仍表"珍贵"。 【真题原句】 （2022新高考I卷·语法填空真题）"The plan will extend protection to many areas and leave behind precious natural assets for future generations."（该计划将把保护延伸至许多区域，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产。）（真题原句·precious 宝贵的） 【搭配词块】 precious natural assets 宝贵的自然资产 / precious time 宝贵的时间 / preciously adv. 珍贵地 / preciousness n. 珍贵 4. restoration /ˌrestəˈreɪʃn/ n. 修复，恢复 【核心考点】 restoration是文化类与说明文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①修复，复原——the restoration of an old painting（古画的修复）、restoration work（修复工作）；②恢复（地位、秩序）——the restoration of peace（恢复和平）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：restore v. 修复，恢复→ restore the building（修复建筑）；restored adj. 修复的。辨析：restoration（修复，恢复原状）vs repair（修理，修补）vs recovery（康复，找回）vs renewal（更新）。写作金句：Restoration is an act of respect: to bring back what time tried to erase, so the future can meet the past（修复是一种敬意：唤回时间试图抹去之物，让未来得以与过去相遇）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语restaurare"重建"（re-"再"+staurare"使稳固"）→ 再稳固→ 修复。联想：store"储备"→ restoration（修复）、restore（修复）、restaurant（餐馆→ 恢复体力的地方）。记住：re + store = 重新立稳。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：Restoration作专有名词首字母大写时指"（英国）王政复辟时期"，如the Restoration（1660年复辟）。此义为历史专有，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The restoration of an old painting is no easy task, for it takes an artisan years to master the gentle touch required."（一幅古画的修复绝非易事，因为它需要工匠苦练多年才能掌握所需的轻柔手法。）（经典原句·restoration 修复） 【搭配词块】 the restoration of 对…的修复 / restoration work 修复工作 / restore v. 修复 / restored adj. 修复的 5. artisan /ˈɑːtɪzæn/ n. 工匠，手艺人 【核心考点】 artisan是文化类与人物描写语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①工匠，手艺人——a skilled artisan（熟练的工匠）、a local artisan（当地手艺人）。派生词：artisanal adj. 手工艺的——artisanal bread（手工面包）；artisanship n. 手艺。辨析：artisan（工匠，手艺人）vs craftsman（工匠，强调技艺）vs worker（工人）vs maker（制作者）。写作金句：An artisan does not count the hours, but gives them, because the work itself is the reward（工匠不计较时间，而是交付时间，因为作品本身就是回报）。 【词根联想】 意大利语artigiano"手艺人"（ars"技艺"+后缀）→ 技艺之人→ 工匠。联想：art"技艺"→ artisan（工匠）、art（艺术）、artist（艺术家）、artistic（艺术的）。记住：art + isan = 以艺为生的人。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：artisan意义稳定，多指传统手艺人。注意artisanal为其形容词形式，阅读中常见artisanal products（手工艺品）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"It takes an artisan years of practice to master the gentle touch required, and even the most ambitious young worker must begin with the smallest details."（一名工匠需要多年练习才能掌握所需的轻柔手法，即便最有抱负的年轻匠人也必须从最细微处着手。）（经典原句·artisan 工匠） 【搭配词块】 a skilled artisan 熟练的工匠 / artisan skills 匠人技艺 / artisanal adj. 手工艺的 / artisanship n. 手艺 6. ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/ adj. 有雄心的，宏大的 【核心考点】 ambitious是人物描写与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①有雄心的，有抱负的——an ambitious young worker（有抱负的年轻匠人）、be ambitious for fame（渴望成名）；②宏大的，要求高的——an ambitious plan（宏大的计划）、an ambitious project（艰巨的项目）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：ambition n. 雄心，抱负→ achieve one's ambition（实现抱负）；ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地。辨析：ambitious（有雄心的，宏大的）vs aggressive（进取的，好斗的）vs eager（热切的）vs determined（坚定的）。写作金句：An ambitious heart is a good servant but a poor master; let it push you, not break you（有抱负的心是好的仆人，却是坏的主人；让它推动你，而非压垮你）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语ambire"四处走动（寻求支持）"（ambi-"周围"+ire"走"）→ 谋求→ 雄心。联想：amb"周围"→ ambitious（有雄心的）、ambition（抱负）、ambassador（大使→ 周旋各方）。记住：ambi + tious = 四处谋求→ 有抱负。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：ambitious修饰事物时意为"要求高的、艰巨的"，如an ambitious task（艰巨的任务），并非指人"有野心"。阅读中注意修饰对象。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Even the most ambitious young worker must begin with the smallest details, for mastery is built from the ground up."（即便最有抱负的年轻匠人也必须从最细微处着手，因为 mastery 是从根基建起的。）（经典原句·ambitious 有抱负的） 【搭配词块】 an ambitious plan 宏大的计划 / be ambitious for 渴望 / achieve one's ambition 实现抱负 / ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地 7. associate /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ v. 联系，使联合 【核心考点】 associate是说明文与议论文语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①把…联系起来——associate A with B（把A与B联系起来）——We associate spring with hope；②（与…）交往，联想——associate with good people。派生词是语法填空高频考点：association n. 协会，联想→ in association with（与…联合）；associated adj. 相关的→ be associated with（与…有关）。辨析：associate（联系，联想）vs connect（连接）vs link（联结）vs relate（关联，叙述）。写作金句：We tend to associate silence with weakness, yet in the workshop silence is where the truest work happens（我们往往把沉默与软弱联系起来，然而在工坊里，沉默正是最真实的工作发生之处）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语associare"结交"（ad-"向"+socius"同伴"）→ 结伴→ 联系。联想：soci"同伴"→ associate（联系）、society（社会）、social（社会的）、association（协会）。记住：as + soci = 拉成同伴。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：associate作名词读/əˈsəʊʃiət/时意为"同事，准会员"，如a research associate（副研究员）。注意动词与名词发音及重音不同。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Specialists associate old records with new methods, and careful analysis of each layer can reveal how a work was made."（专家们把旧档案与新方法联系起来，对每一层的仔细分析能揭示作品如何制成。）（经典原句·associate 联系） 【搭配词块】 associate A with B 把A与B联系起来 / be associated with 与…有关 / in association with 与…联合 / association n. 协会 8. analysis /əˈnæləsɪs/ n. 分析，解析 【核心考点】 analysis是说明文与学术类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①分析，解析——careful analysis（仔细分析）、data analysis（数据分析）——on closer analysis（进一步分析）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：analyse（美 analyze）v. 分析→ analyse the cause（分析原因）；analytic adj. 分析的。辨析：analysis（分析，名词）vs research（研究）vs survey（调查）vs study（研究，学习）。写作金句：Behind every great restoration lies a quiet analysis that most people never see, yet without it nothing could be saved（每一场伟大的修复背后，都有一场多数人看不见的安静分析，然而没有它，什么也救不回来）。 【词根联想】 希腊语analysis"松解"（ana-"贯穿"+lysis"松开"）→ 拆开→ 分析。联想：lys"松开"→ analysis（分析）、analyse（分析）、paralysis（瘫痪→ 松开不动）。记住：ana + lysis = 拆开来看。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：analysis复数形式为analyses（/əˈnæləsiːz/），语法填空中若见提示词analysis且主语为复数，须用analyses。注意单复数变化。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Careful analysis of each layer can reveal how a work was made, down to the very brush the artist used."（对每一层的仔细分析能揭示作品如何制成，甚至精确到艺术家所用的画笔。）（经典原句·analysis 分析） 【搭配词块】 careful analysis 仔细分析 / data analysis 数据分析 / analyse v. 分析 / analytic adj. 分析的 9. comprise /kəmˈpraɪz/ v. 包含，由…组成 【核心考点】 comprise是说明文与结构类语篇的高频动词（无被动）。用法要点：①包含，包括——The collection comprises 200 works（藏品包含200件作品）；②由…组成——be comprised of（由…组成）——The team is comprised of experts。辨析：comprise（包含，整体由部分组成，用主动）vs compose（组成，常用于be composed of）vs consist（在于，由…组成，用of）vs include（包括，部分包含）。写作金句：A life's work comprises not only the things we finish, but the patience we practise while unfinished（一生的事业不仅包含我们完成的事，也包含我们在未完成时所修炼的耐心）。 【词根联想】 法语compris"包含"（拉丁语comprehendere"抓住"）→ 全部抓住→ 包含。联想：prehend"抓"→ comprise（包含）、comprehend（理解）、comprehensive（全面的）。记住：com + prise = 全抓住→ 包含。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：comprise无被动语态；表"由…组成"时可用be comprised of（被动形式存在，但comprise本身主动表被动义）。语法填空中若提示词comprise且主语为整体，用comprises/comprised。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A painting may comprise dozens of hidden sketches, while one colour can dominate the whole mood."（一幅画可能包含数十幅隐藏的草图，而一种色彩便能主导整体氛围。）（经典原句·comprise 包含） 【搭配词块】 comprise dozens of 包含数十个 / be comprised of 由…组成 / comprising adj. 包含的 / comprise v. 包含 10. dominate /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/ v. 支配，主导，俯瞰 【核心考点】 dominate是说明文与描写类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①主导，支配——dominate the mood（主导氛围）、dominate the field（主导领域）；②俯瞰，高耸于——The tower dominates the skyline（塔楼俯瞰天际线）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：dominant adj. 主导的，占优势的→ a dominant colour（主色）；dominance n. 主导地位。辨析：dominate（主导，支配）vs control（控制）vs lead（领先，领导）vs govern（统治）。写作金句：One colour may dominate a painting, but it is the quiet ones that hold the whole together（一种色彩可能主导一幅画，但正是那些安静的色彩把整体维系在一起）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语dominari"统治"（dominus"主人"）→ 主人般统治→ 主导。联想：domin"主人"→ dominate（主导）、dominant（主导的）、domain（领域→ 主人之地）、dominate（支配）。记住：domin=主人，作主即主导。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：dominate作"俯瞰"时为空间义，如The mountain dominates the valley（山峦俯瞰山谷）。此义与"主导"相通，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A painting may comprise dozens of hidden sketches, while one colour can dominate the whole mood."（一幅画可能包含数十幅隐藏的草图，而一种色彩便能主导整体氛围。）（经典原句·dominate 主导） 【搭配词块】 dominate the mood 主导氛围 / dominate the field 主导领域 / dominant adj. 主导的 / dominance n. 主导地位 11. intricate /ˈɪntrɪkət/ adj. 错综复杂的，精细的 【核心考点】 intricate是描写类与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①错综复杂的——intricate patterns（错综复杂的图案）、an intricate design（精细的设计）；②盘根错节的——an intricate problem（复杂的问题）。派生词：intricately adv. 复杂地；intricacy n. 复杂（常复数 intricacies）。辨析：intricate（精细错综的，带"巧妙交织"义）vs complex（复杂的）vs complicated（费解的）vs detailed（详细的）。写作金句：The intricate patterns of a life well lived are made of small, repeating kindnesses no one else notices（美好人生的错综图案，由无人留意的、反复的小小善举织成）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语intricatus"缠住的"（in-"入"+tricae"纠缠，麻烦"）→ 缠在一起→ 错综复杂的。联想：tric"纠缠"→ intricate（错综复杂的）、extricate（解脱→ 从纠缠中拔出）。记住：in + tricate = 缠进去了。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：intricate意义稳定，强调"精细而交织"的复杂，不同于单纯"难懂"。阅读中常修饰图案、机制、关系。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The intricate patterns demand painstaking work, yet the reward is a masterpiece brought back to life."（错综复杂的图案需要艰苦细致的工作，但回报是一幅重获新生的杰作。）（经典原句·intricate 错综复杂的） 【搭配词块】 intricate patterns 错综复杂的图案 / an intricate design 精细的设计 / intricately adv. 复杂地 / intricacy n. 复杂 12. painstaking /ˈpeɪnzteɪkɪŋ/ adj. 艰苦细致的，煞费苦心的 【核心考点】 painstaking是描写类与说明文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①艰苦细致的，煞费苦心的——painstaking work（细致的工作）、painstaking efforts（煞费苦心的努力）——He is painstaking in his research。派生词：painstakingly adv. 精心地——a painstakingly restored chair（精心修复的椅子）。辨析：painstaking（细致入微、费尽心思的）vs careful（小心的）vs diligent（勤奋的）vs meticulous（一丝不苟的）。写作金句：Great craft is painstaking before it is beautiful; the world sees the beauty, but only the maker knows the pain（伟大的工艺在美之前是先苦的；世人看见美，唯有匠人懂得那份苦）。 【词根联想】 复合词：pain（辛苦）+ taking（花费）→ 花心思的→ 煞费苦心的。联想：pain"辛苦"→ painstaking（煞费苦心的）、painful（痛苦的）、take pains（费心）。记住：pain + taking = 费尽苦心。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：painstaking只作形容词（不作名词），常作前置定语或be painstaking in sth。语法填空中若提示词pain，且修饰名词工作，须用painstaking。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The intricate patterns demand painstaking work, yet the reward is a masterpiece brought back to life."（错综复杂的图案需要艰苦细致的工作，但回报是一幅重获新生的杰作。）（经典原句·painstaking 艰苦细致的） 【搭配词块】 painstaking work 细致的工作 / painstaking efforts 煞费苦心的努力 / painstakingly adv. 精心地 / take pains 费心 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 craft craftsman (n.) craftsmanship (n.) crafted (adj.) traditional craft / craft an object preserve preservation (n.) preserved (adj.) preservative (n.) preserve the past / be well preserved precious preciously (adv.) preciousness (n.) --- precious natural assets / precious time restoration restore (v.) restored (adj.) --- the restoration of / restoration work artisan artisanal (adj.) artisanship (n.) --- a skilled artisan / artisan skills ambitious ambition (n.) ambitiously (adv.) --- an ambitious plan / be ambitious for associate association (n.) associated (adj.) --- associate A with B / be associated with analysis analyse (v.) analytic (adj.) analyses (pl.) careful analysis / data analysis comprise comprises (v.) comprised (adj.) --- comprise dozens of / be comprised of dominate dominant (adj.) dominance (n.) --- dominate the mood / dominate the field intricate intricately (adv.) intricacy (n.) --- intricate patterns / an intricate design painstaking painstakingly (adv.) --- --- painstaking work / painstaking efforts Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2023北京卷·阅读·改编）Reconstructing the work of the ____________ (craftsman) can reveal how they viewed the world. 2.（2024全国甲卷·语法填空·改编）This area must be well ____________ (preserving) for all people to enjoy as a park. 3.（2022新高考I卷·语法填空·改编）The plan leaves behind ____________ (preciously) natural assets for future generations. 4.（2026山东济南·模拟）The ____________ (restore) of the old chair took the whole winter. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）A skilled ____________ (artisanal) can make a broken vase whole again. 6.（2026江苏南京·模拟）Even an ____________ (ambition) worker must begin with small details. 7.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）We should ____________ (association) old records with new methods. 8.（2026四川成都·模拟）Careful ____________ (analyse) of each layer shows how the work was made. 9.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）The collection ____________ (comprising) more than two hundred works. 10.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）One dark colour can ____________ (dominant) the whole mood of the room. 11.（2026福建厦门·模拟）The ____________ (intricacy) patterns on the box took months to finish. 12.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）Such ____________ (pain) work deserves our respect. 13.（2026陕西西安·模拟）Local people ____________ (craft) beautiful objects from bamboo. 14.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）These tools are ____________ (precious) to the family. 15.（2026河南郑州·模拟）The project is ____________ (ambition) but worth the effort. 【答案】 1. craftsmen 2. preserved 3. precious 4. restoration 5. artisan 6. ambitious 7. associate 8. analysis 9. comprises 10. dominate 11. intricate 12. painstaking 13. craft 14. precious 15. ambitious 【逐题解析】 1. craftsmen — 提示词craftsman为单数，the后泛指"工匠们"用复数craftsmen。 2. preserved — 提示词preserving为现在分词，must be后须用过去分词构成被动，be well preserved意为"被妥善保存"。 3. precious — 提示词preciously为副词，修饰名词assets须用形容词，precious natural assets意为"宝贵的自然资产"。 4. restoration — 提示词restore为动词，The后须用名词，restoration意为"修复"。 5. artisan — 提示词artisanal为形容词，A skilled后须用名词，a skilled artisan意为"熟练的工匠"。 6. ambitious — 提示词ambition为名词，an后须用形容词，an ambitious worker意为"有抱负的匠人"。 7. associate — 提示词association为名词，should后须用动词原形，associate A with B意为"把A与B联系"。 8. analysis — 提示词analyse为动词，Careful后须用名词，analysis意为"分析"。 9. comprises — 提示词comprising为现在分词，主语collection为单数，一般现在时用comprises（主动表"包含"）。 10. dominate — 提示词dominant为形容词，can后须用动词原形，dominate意为"主导"。 11. intricate — 提示词intricacy为名词，修饰patterns须用形容词，intricate patterns意为"错综复杂的图案"。 12. painstaking — 提示词pain为名词，修饰work须用形容词，painstaking work意为"细致的工作"。 13. craft — 提示词crafts为名词复数，本句缺谓语，主语people为复数，一般现在时用craft。 14. precious — 提示词preciously为副词，are后须用形容词作表语，precious意为"珍贵的"。 15. ambitious — 提示词ambition为名词，is后须用形容词作表语，ambitious意为"宏大的"。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 匠人____________（精心制作）并____________（保存）过往；一件____________（珍贵的）物件讲述千年故事，修复____________（修复）需____________（工匠）苦练，____________（有抱负的）者也从细节着手。 专家把旧档案____________（联系）新方法，仔细____________（分析）揭示制法；画作____________（包含）隐藏草图，一色____________（主导）氛围，____________（错综复杂的）图案需____________（艰苦细致的）工作。 【答案】 craft; preserve; precious; restoration; artisan; ambitious; associate; analysis; comprise; dominate; intricate; painstaking Part 7 关联阅读 In a small workshop by the river, a team of makers craft objects that most people will never see up close. Their task is to preserve the skills of the past before they disappear forever. Each precious tool they finish carries the memory of those who came before, and the quiet hope that someone in the future will care for it too. What they make is not for sale so much as for keeping, a gift to time itself, earned one careful stroke at a time. Visitors often walk past the window without noticing the delicate work inside, yet every piece leaving the room has taken weeks of steady hands. Old tools are mended rather than thrown away, because nothing made by human hands should be forgotten. The restoration of an ancient chair can take a whole season. It requires an artisan who is both skilled and ambitious, willing to spend months on a single joint that no one will ever admire. The intricate lines of the wood must be read like a language, and a wrong move could erase a century of history in a second. Young workers watch and learn, knowing that their own hands will one day carry the same responsibility, and that mastery is measured in respect, not in speed. Mistakes are rare, because every cut is planned the night before and checked again at dawn, when the light is honest. To understand a finished piece, experts associate its style with the records of a certain town, then run a careful analysis of the materials used. A single chair may comprise parts from three different workshops, while one dark wood can dominate its whole appearance. Such painstaking study turns a quiet object into a story we can finally read. The chairs they save are not famous, but they hold the ordinary lives of people long gone, which is exactly why the quiet work matters. Museums across the country now borrow these restored works, and schoolchildren queue to see what patience can do when it refuses to hurry. Museums across the country now borrow these restored works, a quiet proof of what patience can do. 1. What is the main task of the makers in the riverside workshop? A. To sell precious tools to museums. B. To preserve the skills of the past. C. To teach children how to paint. D. To build new chairs for sale. 2. What does the restoration of an ancient chair require according to the passage? A. A skilled and ambitious artisan. B. A large amount of money. C. A machine that works fast. D. A single afternoon of work. 3. How do experts understand a finished piece of work? A. By selling it to a museum. B. By associating its style with old records and analysing materials. C. By asking the children to guess. D. By painting over the old colours. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Old chairs are more valuable than new ones. B. Museums should close to save money. C. A life's work is quiet, patient craft that outlasts the maker. D. Machines will soon replace all artisans. 【参考答案与高考标准解析】 答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 第1题（细节理解题·高考高频）：首段明确交代——"Their task is to preserve the skills of the past before they disappear forever"，他们任务是保存过往的技艺使之永不失传，与B项To preserve the skills of the past对应，故选B。A项"卖珍贵工具给博物馆"、C项"教孩子画画"、D项"造新椅出售"均与原文"not for sale"相悖。 第2题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第二段是解题句——"It requires an artisan who is both skilled and ambitious, willing to spend months on a single joint"，修复古椅需要既熟练又有抱负的工匠，愿为单个榫卯耗数月，与A项A skilled and ambitious artisan吻合，故选A。B项"大量金钱"、C项"快速机器"、D项"一个下午"均与"months""patience"相反。 第3题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第三段首句是解题句——"experts associate its style with the records of a certain town, then run a careful analysis of the materials used"，专家把风格与旧档案联系并对材料仔细分析，与B项By associating its style with old records and analysing materials一致，故选B。A项"卖给博物馆"、C项"让孩子猜"、D项"覆盖旧色"均非理解方法。 第4题（主旨大意题·高考压轴）：全文以河畔工坊为线索：从保存技艺、修复古物到 painstaking 研究，末段点明——"schoolchildren queue to see what patience can do when it refuses to hurry"，耐心不愿仓促时所成之事，与C项A life's work is quiet, patient craft that outlasts the maker（一生的事业是安静而耐心的工艺，比匠人更长久）吻合，故选C。A项"旧椅更值钱"、B项"博物馆应关闭"、D项"机器将取代工匠"均偏离主题。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：craft, preserve, precious, restoration, artisan, ambitious, associate, analysis, comprise, dominate, intricate, painstaking Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. Local people make beautiful objects from bamboo. → Local people ____________ beautiful objects from bamboo. 2. We must protect the old temple from damage. → We must ____________ the old temple from damage. 3. Every moment with family is very valuable. → Every moment with family is ____________. 4. The repair of the old bridge took two years. → The ____________ of the old bridge took two years. 5. A skilled worker can fix the broken clock. → A skilled ____________ can fix the broken clock. 6. He is a young man with big plans for the future. → He is a young man with ____________ plans for the future. 7. We should connect hard work with success. → We should ____________ hard work with success. 8. A careful study of the data shows a clear trend. → A careful ____________ of the data shows a clear trend. 9. The book includes ten short stories. → The book ____________ ten short stories. 10. One colour controls the whole feeling of the room. → One colour can ____________ the whole feeling of the room. 11. The box has a very detailed and complex pattern. → The box has an ____________ pattern. 12. Such careful and hard work deserves our respect. → Such ____________ work deserves our respect. 【答案】 1. craft 2. preserve 3. precious 4. restoration 5. artisan 6. ambitious 7. associate 8. analysis 9. comprises 10. dominate 11. intricate 12. painstaking Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：craft → preserve → precious → restoration → artisan → ambitious → associate → analysis → comprise → dominate → intricate → painstaking 复述模板（填空）： 匠人____________（精心制作）并____________（保存）过往；一件____________（珍贵的）物件讲述千年故事，____________（修复）古物需____________（工匠）苦练，____________（有抱负的）者从细节着手。 专家把旧档案____________（联系）新方法，仔细____________（分析）揭示制法；画作____________（包含）草图，一色____________（主导）氛围，____________（错综复杂的）图案需____________（艰苦细致的）工作。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：craft; preserve; precious; restoration; artisan; ambitious; associate; analysis; comprise; dominate; intricate; painstaking 复述模板参考版本： Makers craft and preserve the skills of the past, and each precious object they finish carries the memory of those who came before. The restoration of an old work needs an artisan who is both skilled and ambitious, ready to begin with the smallest detail. To understand a piece, experts associate its style with old records and run a careful analysis of the materials; a work may comprise hidden sketches while one colour can dominate its mood. The intricate patterns demand painstaking work, yet the reward is a masterpiece brought back to life, a quiet gift to time itself. 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $