阅读理解CD篇77套154篇-2027届高考英语三轮冲刺

**基本信息** 精选77套2026年各地高考真题及名校模拟题，聚焦阅读理解CD篇，涵盖科技（如AI、量子通信）、环保（如碳中和、海洋塑料）、社会热点（如职场心态、教育公平）等前沿主题，适配高考命题趋势。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解CD篇|每篇4题共8题16分|细节理解（如2026新高考I卷C篇28题）、推理判断（如2026浙江卷D篇35题）、词义猜测（如2026新高考II卷C篇30题）、主旨大意（如2026江苏南通卷D篇35题）|情境真实（如巴塞罗那地铁再生能源项目）、问题梯度分明（基础题→能力题→创新题）、注重思维品质（如分析科学实验逻辑、评估社会现象影响）|

2027届高考英语阅读理解CD篇精练77套154篇 合集目录 01 2026年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考I卷） 02 2026年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考II卷） 03 2026年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷） 04 江苏省南通市2026届高三上学期9月调研测试 05 四川省成都市第七中学2026届高三10月阶段性测试 06 浙江省杭州市2026届高三上学期11月教学质量检测（一模） 07 浙江省宁波市2026届高三第一学期高考与选考模拟考试（一模） 08 江苏省无锡市2026届秋学期高三期中教学质量调研测试 09 江苏省苏州市2026届高三第一学期期中阳光调研 10 浙江省温州市普通高中2026届高三第一次适应性考试（一模） 11 重庆市巴蜀中学2026届高考适应性月考卷（四） 12 浙江省嘉兴市2025年12月高三教学测试（一模） 13 浙江省Z20名校联盟（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）2026 届高三第二次联考 14 江苏省苏州市2026届高三上一轮复习调研（九校联考） 15 四川省成都市2026届高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测（一模） 16 湖南省长沙市长郡中学2026届高三月考试卷（五） 17 河北省唐山市2026届高三12月期中考试 18 江苏省南通市2026届高三新高考基地学校第一次大联考 19 江苏省南京市、盐城市2026届高三第一次模拟考试 20 江苏省南通市、泰州市、镇江市 2026 届高三学业质量监测 21 江苏省苏北四市（徐连淮宿）2026届高三第一次调研测试（一模） 22 辽宁省大连市2026届高三上学期期末双基模拟考试 23 江苏省常州市2026届高三年级第一学期期末质量调研 24 福建省泉州市2026届普通高中毕业班质量检测（二） 25 福建省六地市2026届高三毕业班1月第一次模拟测试 26 江苏省苏州市2026届高三第一学期学业质量阳光指标调研 27 湖北省武汉市武昌区2026届高三期末质量检测 28 安徽省合肥市2026届高三第一次教学质量检测（一模） 29 湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学2026届高三月考试卷（七） 30 福建省名校联盟全国优质校2026届高三二月大联考 31 浙江省浙南名校、七彩阳光、精诚联盟、金兰教育2026届高三寒假返校联考 32 湖北省武汉市2026届高中毕业生三月调研考试 33 山东省烟台市2026届高三3月高考诊断性测试（一模） 34 福建省泉州市2026届高中毕业班模拟考试（三检） 35 湖北省襄阳市高三年级3月统一调研测试 36 山东省青岛市2026届高三第一次适应性检测 37 四川省成都市第七中学2026届高三下学期二诊模拟考试 38 江西省南昌市2026届高三年级三月测试（一模） 39 浙江省宁波市十校2026届高三3月联考 40 广东省2026届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟测试（一模） 41 江苏省重点高中九校联考2026届高三年级3月联考 42 浙江省杭州市2026届高三第二学期教学质量检测（二模） 43 浙江省温州市普通高中2026届高三第二次适应性考试（二模） 44 江西省重点中学2026届高三4月八校联考 45 湖南省新高考教学教研联盟（长郡中学20校）2026届高三下学期第二次联考 46 八省八校T8联考2026届高三年级四月阶段练习 47 辽宁省大连市2026届高三4月综合模拟考试（一模） 48 山东省济南市2026届高三第二次模拟考试（二模） 49 浙江省衢州、丽水、湖州三地市2026年4月高三教学质量检测（二模） 50 福建省2026届高中毕业班4月适应性练习（福州版） 51 重庆市南开中学2026届高三第七次质量检测（4月） 52 广东省深圳市2026届高三年级第二次调研考试（二模） 53 山东省潍坊市2026届高三4月模拟考试（二模） 54 天域全国名校协作体2026届高三4月联考 55 广东省广州市2026届普通高中毕业班综合测试（二） 56 河南省郑州市2026届高中毕业年级下学期第二次质量预测（二模） 57 河北省石家庄市2026届普通高中毕业年级教学质量检测（二） 58 浙江省杭州二中、湖南省长郡中学、江苏省南师附中2026届高考三校联考 59 江苏省苏锡常镇四市2026届高三年级教学情况调研二（二模） 60 江苏省南通等苏北八市2026届高三第三次调研测试（三模） 61 浙江省强基联盟2026届高三5月联考 62 江苏省南京市2026届高三下学期第二次模拟考试（三模） 63 四川省成都市2026届高中毕业班第三次诊断性检测 64 福建省厦门市2026届高中毕业班第三次适应性练习 65 重庆市巴蜀中学2026届高考适应性月考卷（九） 66 Z20名校联盟（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）2026届高三第三次联考 67 湖北省武汉市2026届高三年级五月供题 68 山东省烟台市2026届高三5月高考适应性测试 69 浙江省六校联盟2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试5月模拟联考 70 山东省济南市2026届高三下学期考前针对性训练（三模） 71 重庆市巴蜀中学2026届高考适应性月考卷（十） 72 山东省济宁市2026届高三第三次模拟检测 73 江苏省南通市2026届高三5月考前练习卷 74 湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2026届高三年级五月适应性考试 75 山东省东营市2026年高三年级4月份适应性测试 76 山东省青岛市2026届高三5月第三次适应性检测（三模） 77 江苏省扬州市2026届高三五月调研试卷（四模） 2027届高考英语阅读理解CD篇精练77套 01 2026年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考I卷） C In line with longstanding initiatives to expand its green spaces, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. Something could go wrong, though, according to a new study. Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city's trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone(臭氧)—a major factor in many breathing problems. The research, carried out by scientists at the Columbia Climate School and other institutions, found that if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. “We're all for planting more trees. They bring so many good things,” said study coauthor Roisin Commane. “But if we're not careful, we could make air quality worse.” The Parks Department is not oblivious to the issue. A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded that city trees did release isoprene. “We didn't make a big deal of that,” said Novem Auyeung. a Parks Department senior scientist. She said trees should not be viewed as the enemy. “We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle,” she said. “We're not going to go cutting down any big old oaks, and neither will the department completely stop planting new ones,” said Auyeung. “You have to think about what you would lose if you do that.” Oaks are keystone species, she pointed out, providing food and habitat for native insects, birds and other animals. 28. What does the new study imply regarding oaks and sweetgums? A. They affect the growth of other trees. B. They absorb less carbon than expected. C. They harm people's health indirectly. D. They raise the local temperature slowly. 29. Which of the following may Commane suggest based on their study? A. Cutting down the isoprene-producing trees. B. Suspending tree-planting for a few decades. C. Changing the species of trees in new plantings. D. Removing isoprene released by existing trees. 30. What does the underlined phrase “oblivious to” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Honest about. B. Unaware of. C. Related to. D. Optimistic about. 31. What would Auyeung probably advocate? A. Reducing car use in daily life. B. Providing animals with new habitats. C. Controlling population growth. D. Doing more research on the problem. D A team of Cambridge psychologists conducted an experiment to compare the cognitive (认知的) effects of merely seeing art with actively judging how beautiful it is. In the study, 187 people were invited to visit Kettle's Yard gallery during an exhibition of handmade clay objects. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the “beauty” group was asked to actively consider and then rate the beauty of each object they viewed, while the control group just matched a line drawing of the object with the artwork itself. All participants were then tested on how they process information, and whether it's in a more practical or abstract way. Across all participants, those in the beauty group scored almost 14% higher on average than the control group in abstract thinking. While they were told the study was about cognitive processes, participants were asked about interests, with around half saying they had an artistic hobby. Among those, the effect was greater: those with an artistic hobby in the beauty group scored over 25% higher on average for abstract thinking than those with an artistic hobby in the control group. Emotional states of participants were also measured by asking about their feelings while completing the gallery task. Across all participants, those in the beauty group reported an average of 23% higher levels of “transformative and self-transcendent feelings”—such as feeling moved，enlightened and inspired—than the control group. Importantly, however, the beauty group did not report feeling any happier than the control group, suggesting that it was the engagement with beauty that influenced abstract thinking，rather than any overall positivity from the experience． “We usually think in very concrete terms when doing something on a screen,” said Simone Schnall, senior author of the study. “It's becoming much rarer to zone out and just let the mind wander, but that’s when we think in ways that broaden our minds. Admiring the beauty of art may be the ideal way to initiate the abstract cognitive processes.” 32.What was the beauty group asked to do with the clay objects? A. Draw their outlines. B. Give each piece a rating. C. Compare their prices. D. Make a copy of each piece. 33. Which participants got the highest score on average in the test? A. Beauty group, with an artistic hobby. B. Beauty group, without an artistic hobby. C. Control group, with an artistic hobby. D. Control group, without an artistic hobby. 34. Why were the participants' emotional states measured? A. To discover their attitudes towards art. B. To identify their specific thinking patterns. C. To examine the difficulty of the tasks. D. To determine factors behind the test results. 35. What is the major finding of the study regarding the appreciation of art? A. It enhances emotional ties. B. It needs critical thinking skills. C. It creates positive feelings. D. It encourages abstract thinking. 02 2026年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考II卷） C The peak of Mount Qomolangma, 8,849 meters above sea level. Chimborazo, 6,263 m; Mont Blanc, 4,806 m; Pradidali hut, at the foot of the Pala group in the Dolomites, 2,278 m. It is common practice to provide the elevation (高度) of a place. Simple readings are now readily available on our phones and wearables. But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. The idea of sea level as a reference point for elevations has by now been around for so long as to go essentially unnoticed — we mention it without even considering what it means. That the concept has a history is easily ignored. We tend to forget that sea level is a product of technically and culturally determined assumptions. In this book I tell a story of these assumptions. Appropriately, the book took shape during a summer spent between sea and mountains. A month after visiting the French Riviera and enjoying the sandy beaches of Nice and Menton, I went hiking with friends in the Pala group. Resting on a pass near the Pradidali hut, we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters(测高仪). Why did they vary ever so slightly from one instrument to the next? This sense of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level. In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level. These stages mirror the development of human conceptions of the sea. Since I began thinking about this project in August 2011, the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent: between then and the end of 2022 the global sea rose by almost 5 centimeters, about half of the overall rise recorded by satellites since 1993. 28. What does the author point out at the beginning of the text? A. Some mountains are getting higher.       B. Data on wearables are misleading. C. The concept of elevation is relative.       D. The reference point is hard to locate. 29. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. How the altimeter was invented.         B. What initiated the author’s research. C. Why the digital readings varied.            D. Where the author spent his holiday. 30. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the last paragraph? A. The book.       B. The project.       C. The issue.        D. The development. 31. What can be the title of the book mentioned in the text? A. The Altimeter: A Must-Have               B. Sea Level: A History C. Meaning of Zero: Nothing or Everything     D. Mountains to Seas: Ups and Downs D The Barcelona subway pulls into the station, the doors slide open and passengers pour out to go about their daily business. Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car. Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe’s difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market. Sixteen stations of Barcelona’s subway system are part of its new MetroCharge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains’ brakes (刹车) is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while the remainder is sent snaking through cables (电缆) to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. Bernardo Espinoza, an engineer who takes the subway every day, owns an electric car. “I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. “And if it is from energy from the trains’ brakes, then even better.” Regenerative brakes have been in trains for decades and are also used in some cars. They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. That energy can be immediately used to accelerate (加速) the vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for electric car chargers. Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses — in this case powering electric cars parked nearby. That, he said, boosts efficiency. 32. Why does Barcelona launch the MetroCharge project? A. To fuel the city’s economy.           B. To enhance passengers experience. C. To promote green transportation.     D. To raise the quality of electric cars. 33. What is Espinoza’s concern? A. How to cut his travel expenses.       B. Where to get a parking space. C. How to avoid rush-hour traffic.         D. Where to find a charging point. 34. What aspect of regenerative brakes is discussed in paragraph 5? A. Their operating conditions.         B. Their conventional standard. C. Their potential risks.             D. Their working mechanism. 35. What did Luna say about the system? A. It uses reclaimed energy creatively.     B. It improves workers’ efficiency. C. It prioritizes the safety of trains.         D. It generates jobs for the locals. 03 2026年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷） C Human beings have always loved reviews: word of mouth has long been regarded as one of the most valuable marketing tools available to a company. Consumers enjoy reading and giving reviews. However, the problem is that a lot of the reviews are fake (假的). Shabnam Azimi and Alexander Krasnikov of Loyola University of Chicago and Kwong Chan of Northeastern University recently published a study on fake reviews. The study used a dataset of 1,600 reviews of Chicago hotels. Some of them were real; others were fake. The reviews were presented to 400 subjects. Each subject got eight reviews to read: a balanced set of two positive fake, two positive real, two negative fake and two negative real, presented in a random order. The reviews were written by real people who were given information about the hotel. The results show that consumers generally trust negative reviews more than positive ones. Moreover, we humans tend to assume that positive reviews might be fake. “Overall, negative reviews are less common. So, we pay more attention to them. When a negative review is fake, we get tricked,” Azimi says. When it came to faking a review, length was important to believability, as was detail. A long, negative review of a hotel, complete with lots of information, tended to convince participants. A lengthy, positive review, on the other hand, was regarded as suspicious, and participants tended to trust writers that kept their glowing reviews short. Emotion was also important in convincing readers—or the lack of emotion, at least. Azimi says study participants tended not to trust reviews where the writers expressed their feelings in a big way. The more dispassionate that negative write-up, the more likely it was to take the reader in. The fake reviews written for Azimi’s study were put together by humans, but increasingly, fake reviews are being written by AI, which makes them look more real. Though many companies use algorithms (算法) to weed out fake reviews, Azimi points out that the machines are programmed by humans, and given our limited ability to spot fake reviews, this isn’t a good sign. 28. Which aspect of the study does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. Its design. B. Its findings. C. Its purposes. D. Its significance. 29. What does the underlined word “glowing” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Funny. B. Abusive. C. Insightful. D. Praising. 30. What kind of review would readers most likely trust? A. A long, positive one. B. An unemotional, negative one. C. A short, negative one. D. An enthusiastic, positive one. 31. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Many companies are producing fake reviews. B. Writing fake reviews will be declared illegal. C. Machines can detect fake reviews accurately. D. It will be harder to recognize fake reviews. D Carbon removal is crucial for fighting climate change. Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of the natural capacity of plants to absorb carbon dioxide by enhancing their root systems. This optimization (优化) aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage. To design these climate-saving plants, the scientists are using a research tool called SLEAP—an AI software that tracks multiple features of root growth. Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira, SLEAP was initially designed to track animal movement in the lab. Now, Pereira has teamed up with plant scientist Professor Wolfgang Busch to apply SLEAP to plants. In a study published in Plant Phenomics, Busch and Pereira establish a new procedure for using SLEAP to analyze plant root phenotypes—how deep and wide they grow, how massive their root systems become, and other physical qualities. Prior to SLEAP, tracking the physical characteristics of both plants and animals required a lot of labor that slowed the scientific process. SLEAP uses computer vision (the ability for computers to understand images) and deep learning (an AI approach for training a computer to learn and work like the human brain) to help researchers process images much more quickly. The application of SLEAP to plants has already enabled researchers to establish the most extensive catalog (目录) of plant root phenotypes to date. What’s more, tracking these physical root system characteristics helps scientists find genes (基因) associated with those characteristics, as well as whether multiple root characteristics are determined by the same genes or independently. This allows the Salk team to determine what genes are most beneficial to their plant designs. “Our cooperation is truly proof of what makes Salk science so special and impactful,” says Pereira. “We’re not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines—we’re really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts.” 32. What do the scientists at Salk Institute hope to achieve? A. Keeping more carbon in plants. B. Optimizing the use of energy. C. Enhancing biological diversity. D. Reducing carbon absorption. 33. Why did Pereira create SLEAP? A. To generate plant images. B. To conduct research on animals. C. To study climate patterns. D. To track features of root growth. 34. What will SLEAP help the scientists do? A. Pick out diseased plants in the forest. B. Collect samples of plant root systems. C. Identify genes for desirable plant roots. D. Preserve the genes of endangered plants. 35. What can be inferred from Pereira’s words? A. Academic disciplines are of equal importance. B. Computer programming is a must for scientists. C. Interdisciplinary approach promotes creativity. D. Cooperation outweighs competition in research. 04 江苏省南通市2026届高三上学期9月调研测试 C Nothing awakens the mind and body quite like a morning cup of coffee, yet this daily routine faces an uncertain future. “Coffee is becoming increasingly difficult to grow, which will likely drive prices higher in coming years,” said Arnold Mathijssen, a physicist at the University of Pennsylvania. “The idea for our research is really to see if we could help do something by reducing the number of coffee beans that are needed while still keeping the same amount of extraction (萃取), so that you get the same strength of coffee.” Mathijssen told USA Today that the inspiration for this study started with his PhD student, Park, who just loved trying out different things, pouring coffee with different speeds, boiling an egg at different temperatures, etc. One day, when he was making coffee, he suddenly said, “Wait! This tastes good.” Later, he conducted a series of tests, finding that a slow pour was best. “At low heights, though, the water’s speed was too slow to effectively move through the coffee bed. At higher heights, the water mixed with the coffee bed more, creating a stronger coffee. And then a steady flow led to an ‘avalanche effect (雪崩效应)’, during which the flow could pass through the coffee bed while washing up and mixing coffee grounds (咖啡渣) at the bottom. The increased height makes up for the slow pouring. You only get the avalanche if there is enough energy available since if you pour too slowly, or if you go too high, then the flow tends to break up into powerless smaller drops that can’t mix the coffee grounds effectively,” Mathijssen explains. The researchers published their new method in the journal Physics of Fluids on Tuesday: Just slowly and steadily add water from a goose-neck pot while increasing the pour height to about 11 inches. Be careful not to stop the stream. From the lab to the kitchen, physics can help with your coffee routine. So next time you make coffee, give this method a try! 28. What did Mathijssen intend to do through the research? A. Develop new coffee species. B. Cut down the prices of coffee. C. Improve coffee extraction efficiency. D. Make coffee more popular among people. 29. What can be inferred from the origin of the research? A. Two heads are better than one. B. Curiosity can drive discovery. C. Many hands make light work. D. Facts speak louder than words. 30. What can we learn from Mathijssen’s explanation of coffee making? A. Height matters as much as speed. B. Energy loss makes the taste stronger. C. Slow pouring prevents better extraction. D. An avalanche effect requires a slow pour. 31. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Coffee Prices Will Rise Soon B. A PhD Student’s Coffee Story C. Tips on Selecting Coffee Beans D. Physics Improves Coffee Making D Have you ever wondered why certain songs or paintings feel deeply satisfying? Language expert Jay Keyser’s research finds that repetition makes art speak to us. Artists like jazz musician Duke Ellington and painter Andy Warhol purposefully use repetition — not simply as copying, but as a clever “same, but different” skill. In Ellington’s Satin Doll, for example, the rhythm repeats while the notes stay high or low, and the song’s words mirror this pattern. Warhol’s soup cans appear alike at first sight, yet each design changes a little. This skill called “same/except” by Jay Keyser in his book Play it again, Sam — makes art feel richer and more pleasant to our brains. Interestingly, discovering repetition brings much more. Consider a photograph of the US city of Albuquerque that is often discussed for its meaning. Look closer, and you may find that a dog sits in the center with a street sign shadow to its right copying its shape. Recognizing this hidden pattern, as Keyser suggests, repays us with unexpected pleasure and more. Training our eyes to notice such patterns — whether in poetry, paintings or songs — unlocks new meaning. Why does repetition create such a connection? According to Keyser, science offers an answer: the mere exposure effect (单纯曝光效应). Just as a baby grows fond of a mother’s face through repeated sights, we naturally develop a liking for familiar patterns. Advertisers use this by repeating product names to build trust. Artists harness it too — Warhol’s repeated cans or a song’s repeated catchy parts make us feel comforted and connected. Keyser shows great art works with the brain’s makeup. When artists repeat certain parts with changes, the art is in line with how our minds seek order, expect patterns, and gain joy from “finding” connections — though we are not aware of it. By studying how artists skillfully apply the “same/except” skill across mediums, and by connecting these choices with science, we gain the key to admiring creativity’s universal magic. This makes everyday experiences with music, paintings, and words much richer. 32. What does the “same/except” skill focus on? A. Non-traditional artistic styles. B. Combining different art forms. C. Repetition with slight variations. D. Breaking all patterns completely. 33. What does the example of the Albuquerque photo highlight? A. Fun designs attract more attention. B. Admiring street art lifts one’s spirits. C. Repetition enriches art experiences. D. Famous art deserves lasting discussion. 34. What does the underlined word “harness” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Take advantage of. B. Turn down. C. Have control of. D. Make out. 35. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A. Art sometimes matches our mindset. B. Science explains artistic techniques. C. Artists use repetition unconsciously. D. Creativity is the key to admiring art. 05 四川省成都市第七中学2026届高三10月阶段性测试 C Albert Einstein’s 1915 masterpiece The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity is the first and still the best introduction to the subject, but it probably wouldn’t be publishable in a scientific journal today. Why not? After all, it undoubtedly would pass the tests of correctness and significance. And while it’s believed that the paper was incomprehensible to its first readers, in fact many papers in theoretical physics are much more difficult. As the physicist Richard Feynman wrote, “There was a time when the newspapers said that only 1.2 men understood the theory of relativity, which is not true. After reading the paper, a lot of people understood the theory of relativity in some way or other, certainly more than 1.2.” No, the problem is its style. It starts with a leisurely philosophical discussion of space and time and then continues with an explanation of known mathematics. Those two sections, which would be considered extraneous today, take up half the paper. Worse, there are zero citations of previous scientists’ work, nor are there any graphs. Those features might make a paper not even get past the first editors. A similar process of professionalisation has transformed other parts of the scientific landscape. Requests for research time at major laboratories are more strictly structured. And anything involving work with human objects, or putting instruments in space, involves piles of paperwork. We see it also in the Regeneron Science Talent Search, the Nobel Prize of high school science competitions. In the early decades of its history, the winning projects were usually the sort of clever but naive, amateurish efforts one might expect of talented beginners working on their own. Today, polished work coming out of internships at established laboratories is the norm. These professionalising tendencies are a natural consequence of the explosive growth of modern science. Standardisation and system make it easier to manage the rapid flow of papers, applications and people. But there are serious downsides. A lot of unproductive effort goes into jumping through bureaucratic hoops (繁文缛节). Of course, Einstein would have found his way to meeting modern standards and publishing his results. Its scientific core wouldn’t have changed, but the paper might not be the same taste to read. 28. According to Richard Feynman, which statement about Einstein’s 1915 paper is true? A. It attracted few professionals. B. It turned out to be comprehensible. C. It needed further improvement. D. It was a classic in theoretical physics. 29. What does the underlined word “extraneous” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Unrealistic. B. Imprecise. C. Unattractive. D. Irrelevant. 30. According to the author, what is affected as modern science develops? A. The selection of young talents. B. The evaluation of laboratories. C. The principle of scientific research. D. The application of research findings. 31. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. How to write quality papers? B. Will science be professionalised? C. Could Einstein’s Work Get Published Today? D. How will modern science make advances? D With self-driving cars gaining popularity in today’s automobile landscape, the issue of legal liability (法律责任) in the case of an accident has become more relevant. Research in human-vehicle interaction has shown even systems designed to automate driving are far from being error-proof. Besides, recent evidence points to drivers’ limited understanding of what these systems can and cannot do as a contributing factor to system misuse. A recent study tackles the issue of over-trusting drivers and the resulting system misuse from a legal viewpoint. It looks at what the manufacturers of self-driving cars should legally do to ensure that drivers understand how to use the vehicles appropriately. One solution suggested in the study involves requiring buyers to sign end-user license agreements (EULAs) , similar to the terms and conditions that require agreement when using new software products. But this is far from ideal. The agreement may not provide enough information to the driver, leading to confusion about the nature of the requests for agreement and their implications. Further, most end users don’t read EULAs. A 2017 study shows 91 percent of people agree to them without reading. Among young people, 97 percent agree without reviewing the terms. The issue is that, unlike using a smartphone app, operating a car has intrinsic and serious safety risks, whether the driver is human or software. And human drivers need to consent (准许) to take responsibility for the outcomes of the software and hardware. “Warning fatigue” and distracted driving are also causes for concern. For example, a driver, annoyed after receiving continuous warnings, could decide to just ignore the message. Or, if the message is presented while the vehicle is in motion, it could represent a distraction. Given these limitations and concerns, even if this mode of obtaining consent is to move forward, it likely won’t fully protect automakers from their legal liability, should the system malfunction or an accident occur. Driver training for self-driving vehicles can help ensure that drivers fully understand system capabilities and limitations. This needs to occur beyond the vehicle purchase. Recent evidence shows even relying on the information provided by the seller is not going to answer many questions. All of this considered, the road forward for self-driving cars is not going to be a smooth ride after all. 32. What can we learn from recent studies in human-vehicle interaction? A. Automatic driving systems are not immune to errors. B. Driverless vehicles may be misused by some people. C. Self-driving car makers aren’t aware of the legal matters. D. Drivers have limited knowledge of the automatic systems. 33. What is the problem with requiring buyers to sign EULAs? A. Drivers aren’t willing to take responsibility. B. End users find the terms complex to interpret. C. The information provided may cause confusion. D. Most users sign them without reading the terms. 34. What would drivers do when they suffer from “warning fatigue”? A. Be distracted easily by the message. B. Rest a while to avoid fatigue driving. C. Waste no time keeping the car moving. D. Take no action despite repeated warnings. 35. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. How Can We Reduce Self-Driving Risks? B. Who’s to Blame if a Self-Driving Car Crashes? C. Are Self-Driving Systems Truly Safe and Legal? D. Where Will the Human-Vehicles Interaction Lead? 06 浙江省杭州市2026届高三上学期11月教学质量检测（一模） C On 3 April 2024, a magnitude 7.4 quake — Taiwan’s strongest in 25 years — shook the island’s eastern coast. Most buildings were undamaged due to strict construction standards, but mountainous and remote villages were destroyed by landslides. When disasters affect large and inaccessible areas, responders often turn to satellite images to locate affected areas and prioritize relief efforts. “But mapping landslides from satellite imagery by eye can be time-intensive,” said Lorenzo Nava, who is jointly based at Cambridge’s Departments of Earth Sciences and Geography. “In the aftermath of a disaster, time really matters,” he said. Using AI, he identified 7,000 landslides after the Taiwan earthquake, and within three hours of the satellite imagery being acquired. Since the earthquake, Nava has been developing his AI method alongside an international team. By employing a set of satellite technologies — including satellites that can see through clouds and at night — the researchers hope to enhance AI’s landslide detection capabilities. Nava is training AI to identify landslides in two types of satellite images — visual images of the ground surface and radar (雷达) data, the latter of which can see through cloud cover and even acquire images at night. Radar images can, however, be difficult to interpret, as they use greyscale to illustrate contrasting surface properties and landscape features can also appear strange. These challenges make radar data well-suited for AI-assisted analysis, helping identify features that may otherwise go unnoticed. By combining the cloud-penetrating capabilities of radar with the fidelity (准确度) of visual images, Nava hopes to build an AI-powered model that can accurately spot landslides even in poor weather conditions. His trial following the 2024 Taiwan earthquake showed promise, detecting thousands of landslides that would otherwise go unnoticed beneath cloud cover. But Nava acknowledges that there is still more work needed, both to improve the model’s accuracy and its transparency (清晰度). He wants to build trust in the model and ensure its outputs are interpretable and actionable by decision-makers. “Very often, the decision-makers are not the ones who developed the algorithm (算法),” said Nava. “AI can feel like a black box. Its internal logic is not always transparent, and that can make people hesitant to act on its outputs.” 28. What is the key value of Nava’s AI method? A. Ability to predict earthquakes. B. Low cost compared to new satellites. C. Potential to replace human responders. D. Efficiency in processing vast amounts of data. 29. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. A detailed description of how satellites operate. B. The advantages of visual images over radar data. C. The reasons why AI is needed to interpret radar data. D. The history of using satellites for landslide detection. 30. What can we know about Nava’s AI-powered model from paragraph 5? A. It is still in development. B. It has been used just once. C. It is an alternative of satellite images. D. Its significance has been underestimated. 31. What do Nava’s words imply? A. The model’s performance is not satisfactory. B. Developers should have more trust in the model. C. Decision- makers refuse to understand AI’s internal logic. D. The gap between developers and users needs to be bridged. D “When my husband does the dishes he always leaves some plates in the sink, some surface unwiped. I tried to correct the behavior until I remembered that if I finish everything in my Work in Progress folder I’m afraid I’ll die,” Sarah Manguso once said. Yet the truth is that completion recharges energy, rather than using it up. Perfectionists love to begin new projects, because as long as you haven’t done any work on a project, it’s possible to believe that the end result might match the ideal in your mind. By contrast, finishing things means struggling your way through the messy, imperfect reality. Social psychologists describe what’s going on here with “construal level theory”, which refers to the way we envision objects and events from different mental altitudes. For example, when considering how to spend your next summer holiday, you’re likely to picture it from 30,000 feet — “going to the beach”, or “hiking in the mountains”. But when it nears, you start focusing on details like which beach, or mountain trails. Similarly, any major undertaking start as outlines, smooth; only when digging in do you face imperfections and then mistakenly assume that a new project might be free of them. And yet, in reality, repeatedly starting but rarely finishing things is a recipe for suffering. People think finishing things “would exhaust even more of their energy and they get tired just thinking about it”, Steve Chandler writes. They don’t see “that leaving things unfinished is what’s causing the low levels of energy”. The trick to finishing things is simply to redefine what counts as finished. Instead of viewing a project’s completion as only occasional, after days or weeks of work, think of your days as sequential (连续的) small “deliverables.” Each ending provides an energy-boost for the next. “Work is done, then forgotten,” says the Tao Te Ching(《道德经》), “Therefore it lasts forever.” You’re no longer fighting the current, but letting it carry you forward. 32. According to paragraph 2, perfectionists ______. A. see a job through its end B. tend to start new projects repeatedly C. focus not on the result but on the process D. solve problems efficiently without much effort 33. Which is the best understanding of “construal level theory”? A. Early plan simplifies tasks. B. Unfinished work exhausts energy. C. Abstract goals are less motivating. D. Judgement shifts with mental distance. 34. What does the underlined word “deliverables” in paragraph 5 probably refer to? A. Tracking tools. B. Valuable parcels. C. Finished tasks. D. Demanding projects. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Truth of Completion B. The Power of Imperfection C. A Guide to Starting Projects D. Perfectionism in Daily Work 07 浙江省宁波市2026届高三第一学期高考与选考模拟考试（一模） C What if you could meet most of your daily needs-shopping, work, education, healthcare-within a 15-minute walk or bike ride from your home? This is the exciting vision of the “15-minute city”, an urban planning concept that gained global attention years ago. However, putting it into practice has sparked unexpected and fierce opposition. The concept was popularized by Mayor Anne Hidalgo of Paris and based on the research of French scholar Carlos Moreno. It suggests a move from city planning centered mainly on cars to one focused on “chronic-urbanism”. The goal is to return urban space to people, with more parks and streets for walking. Advocates argue that this model addresses multiple crises all at the same time: climate change, social isolation, and public health. Despite its apparent benefits, opponents have misrepresented the idea online, framing it as a secret government plan to control people’s free movement. While these claims are baseless, they have gained support, influencing public opinion and making it harder for cities like Oxford and Melbourne to carry out the concept. The real issue, however, goes deeper than misinformation. It points to a fundamental problem in urban innovation: the difficulty of imagining a life less dependent on the private car. For decades, the car has symbolized personal freedom and status. Any policy that seems to reduce car use, even if it aims to enhance overall quality of life, can make people feel emotionally upset. This reflects what transport experts call “car dependency”, a cultural and deep-rooted habit that is hard to break. The situation mirrors past urban conflicts. For instance, many people opposed creating walking-only streets in city centers decades ago, but now, such areas are mostly loved and valued. The experts of a recent study on sustainable transition conclude that the battle for the 15-minute city is not just about planning; it’s about messaging. Success depends not only on smart design but also on effectively conveying its vision of a more sustainable and human urban future. 28. What can we learn about “chronic-urbanism” in paragraph 2? A. It gives more space to people. B. It aims to expand road networks. C. It focuses on car development. D. It was created by Carlos Moreno. 29. What do the opponents think of the 15-minute city? A. Traffic-slowing. B. Money-wasting. C. Freedom-limiting. D. Tech-demanding. 30. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The challenge of a less car-centered life. B. The significance of private cars. C. The public’s reactions to a new policy. D. The definition of car dependency. 31. What does the experts’ conclusion imply in the last paragraph? A. Public opinions are too hard to change. B. Sustainable transition is the top priority. C. Communication matters as much as design. D. Planning should send an innovative message. D David Uttal, a scientist at Northwestern University, has always been poor at finding his way. At 13, he got lost on a Boy Scout hike for two and a half days. The world is full of people like Uttal- and their opposites, the folks who always seem to know exactly where they are and how to get where they want to go. These differences are obvious, but explaining them has proved challenging. Now, research using virtual reality suggests that to some extent, navigational (导航的) skills are shaped by upbringing. A 2020 study highlighted this. The researchers compared the performance of more than 2,600 twins as they navigated through a virtual environment to test whether navigational ability runs in families. It does, they found — but only modestly. Instead, the biggest contributor to people’s performance was what geneticists call “nonshared environmental factors” — the unique experiences each person accumulates as their life unfolds. Good navigators, it appears, are mostly made, not born. Another large-scale experiment provided further insight. Researchers developed a smartphone game, “Sea Hero Quest”, in which players navigate through a virtual environment to locate checkpoints. Based on data from nearly four million players worldwide, they discovered that cultural factors were linked to wayfinding skills. People from Nordic countries, where the navigation sport of orienteering is popular, performed slightly better. Results like these suggest that life experience may be one of the biggest determinants of navigational ability. Indeed, experience may even underlie one of the most consistent findings in navigation: that men tend to perform better than women. Turns out this gender gap is more a question of culture and experience than of born ability. Nordic countries, for example, where gender equality is greatest, show almost no gender difference in navigation. In contrast, men far outperform women in places where women face cultural restrictions on exploring their environment. To Uttal, these findings carry an optimistic implication. “The good news is that navigation is trainable,” he notes, “It’s never too late to become a better navigator. You just need to give yourself opportunities to explore and pay attention to your surroundings.” 32. What did the 2020 study on twins reveal about navigational ability? A. It is largely determined by genes. B. It is learned through experience. C. It varies little among individuals. D. It remains constant in a person’s life. 33. How was the “Sea Hero Quest” experiment conducted? A. By testing brain activity during play. B. By observing how players navigate. C. By comparing the Nordics with others. D. By analyzing smartphone game data. 34. Why do men often outperform women in navigation? A. Men benefit from practicing sports. B. Women lack interest in doing so. C. Men possess stronger space memory. D. Women have fewer chances to explore. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. What Can “Sea Hero Quest” Teach Us? B. Why Do Some People Always Get Lost? C. How Does VR Improve Navigational Skills? D. Who Are Better Navigators: Men or Women? 08 江苏省无锡市2026届秋学期高三期中教学质量调研测试 C Scientists are advancing forward in brain-computer interface (BCI) technology, and a newly developed system can translate our thoughts into text or sound. It’s essentially an inner speech decoder(解码器), developed by researchers from institutions across the US. in tests on four volunteers with severe disabilities, the decoder has an accuracy rate of up to 74 percent in translating thoughts into audible (听得见的) speech. The potential here is for a BCI that can help those with speech disabilities to communicate more effectively than ever before. Previous BCIs have relied on brain activity that is created when a person ties to speak or write, even though their bodies cannot carry out the action. This new technology gets a step closer to the source. “If you just have to think about speech instead of actually trying to speak, it’s potentially easier and faster for people,” says neuroscientist Benyamin Meschede-Krasa, from Stanford University in the US. Machine learning was used to train the BCI to connect brain signals to words as the four participants thought about them. The researchers found that there was overlap between certain brain patterns when the volunteers tried to speak and when they only imagined words and phrases. Despite this, the signals could be distinguished from each other. With some probability calculations thrown in. the new BCI can recognize up to 125,000 words using only inner speech. “We found that we could decode these signals well enough to demonstrate a proof of principle, although still not as well as we could with attempted speech,” says neuroscientist Frank Willett, from Stanford University. There’s still a long way to go there, and the BCI often falls far short of that 74 maximum accuracy rating. However, by employing more advanced technology, the researchers are confident that the system can be quickly improved over the next few years, “This work gives real hope that speech BCIs can one day restore communication that is as fluent, natural, and comfortable as conversational speech,” say Willett. 28. How does the new BCI system differ from previous ones? A. It helps healthy people communicate fluently. B. It doesn’t require the user to try to speak or write. C. It uses a more advanced machine learning model. D. It can identify more words with higher accuracy. 29. What does the underlined word “overlap” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. Gap. B. Conflict. C. Balance. D. Similarity. 30. What is the main problem with the new BCI? A. Security. B. Speed. C. Accuracy. D. Convenience. 31. What is the text mainly about? A. A breakthrough in decoding inner speech. B. The working principle of a new BCI system. C. Differences between a new BCI and previous ones. D. Challenges for people with severe speech disabilities. D Under the baking sun, Xu Xiaolong and his colleagues walked through wild grass in the Gobi Desert, scanning the rocky foothills of Helan Mountain in Yinchuan, Northwest China’s Ningxa Hui autonomous region, in search of ancient carvings. Upon finding a pattern on a rock, the team immediately photographed and recorded its location. “This field survey not only assesses the preservation status of previously discovered rock carvings but also helps identify and record new ones,” says Xu, 36, who works with the city’s Helan Mountain rock art administration. He explains that the work lays the foundation for subsequent (随后的) protection efforts. Stretching 250 kilometers, Helan Mountain is home to more than 20,000 ancient rock carvings created by early residents with stones or metal tools. Dating back approximately 10,000 to 3,000 years the carvings describe diverse subjects ranging from natural images like human faces, animals and handprints, to ancient life scenes like hunting and herding (畜牧). Launched in 2020, the administration has surveyed over 12 square kilometers in and around the Helan Mountain rock art ruins park, Among the carvings, one is characterized by two handprints—one large and the other small, “The handprints likely symbolize ‘me’ and ‘you’, carved into the rock to reach an agreement,” says Zhang Jianguo, deputy director of the administration. He adds that attaching a handprint to documents like contracts was a traditional practice in China, and this rock carving reflects that lasting cultural continuity. Within the park, the deepest carving reaches 1.5 centimeters, a depth that has survived many years of weathering. Through an experiment, the administration found that even three people carving throughout an entire day left only unclear marks, indicating that a single work likely took multiple generations of prehistoric people to complete. Despite their historic significance, the rock carvings face typical preservation challenges like weathering and rainwater. Throughout the entire conservation journey, concrete efforts including field surveys, the construction of flood-prevention dams and protective fencing have been made by workers from the Helan Mountain rock art administration. 32. Why do the researchers study rock carvings in Helan Mountain? A. To show prehistoric carving skills. B. To reveal ancient local life and culture. C. To help restore a ruined rock art park. D. To attract tourists to Helan Mountain. 33. What do the two handprints in paragraph 4 probably represent? A. A mark pointing to Helan Mountain. B. A record of an ancient hunting activity. C.A conventional way of signing a contract. D. A gesture indicating family relationship. 34. What can we learn about the rock carving in paragraph 5? A. It was a long-term project. B. It was created in good weather. C. It was completed within limited time. D. It was discovered in an experiment. 35. What is a suitable title for the text? A. A race against time to rescue rock carvings. B. Advanced techniques to protect rock carvings. C. A living museum of culture in Helan Mountain. D. A symbolic handprint carving in ancient China. 09 江苏省苏州市2026届高三第一学期期中阳光调研 C Two-thirds of all irrigated(灌溉的) agriculture in the world is likely to be affected in some way by declining glaciers and dwindling snowfall in mountain regions, driven by the climate crisis, according to a UNESCO report. More than 1 billion people live in mountainous regions and，of those in developing countries, up to half are already experiencing food insecurity. That is likely to worsen, as food production in such regions is dependent on mountain waters, melting snow and glaciers(冰川), according to the World Water Development Report 2025. Developed countries are also at risk: in the US, for example, the Colorado River basin has been in drought since 2000, and higher temperatures mean more water falls as rain instead of snow. Rain runs off much faster than melting snow, making dry conditions even worse. The largest three-year loss of glacier mass on record occurred in the past three years, according to separate research from the World Meteorological Organization, with Norway and Sweden among the worst-affected areas. Eastern Africa has lost 80% of its glaciers in places. Glaciers in the Alps, the worst affected in Europe, have shrunk by about 40% over roughly the same period. The decline of glaciers has had a further impact, added Abou Amani, director of water sciences at UNESCO. “Glaciers melting have an impact on the reflectivity of (solar) radiation and that will impact the whole climate system,” he warned. More avalanches(雪崩) will also occur, as rain falling on snow is a major factor behind avalanche formation. Pooling water from melting glaciers can also be released, causing sudden floods in valleys or to people living further down the side of the mountain. These impacts are coming at a time when many food sources are already under pressure. Alvaro Lario, president of the International Fund for Agricultural Development and chair of UN-Water, called for more support for people who live in affected mountain regions. “Waterflows downhill, but food insecurity rises uphill. Mountains provide 60% of our freshwater, but the communities that safeguard these vital resources are among the most food insecure,” he said. 28.What does the underlined word “dwindling” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Increasing. B. Wasting. C. Decreasing. D. Changing. 29.What factors contributing to food insecurity are mentioned in the passage? A. Declining glaciers and more avalanches. B. Dry conditions and rain falling on snow. C. Climate impacts and lack of modern irrigation technology. D. Dependence on glacier-fed water and stressed food sources. 30.Why does the author list the figures in paragraph 3? A. To predict future trends of glacier melting. B. To stress the severity of global glacier loss. C. To call for policy in the worst-affected regions. D. To list the decline of glacier in different regions. 31. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Melting Glaciers, Rising Hunger B. Climate Change, Water Shortage C. Threats to Mountain Communities D. Flood Risks from Melting Glaciers D The human interest with watching others—whether through reality TV or overheard drama —is often dismissed as curiosity. But new research suggests this urge may be a social survival tool dating back millions of years. To explore the origins of social curiosity, Laura Lewis, a psychologist at the University of California, and her colleagues studied how human children between four and six years old from San Francisco’s Bay Area and adult chimpanzees responded to certain videos showing members of their respective species. The results show that both groups preferred watching social interactions over scenes involving individuals--even giving away small rewards to see the former. “These findings demonstrate that social information is important, rewarding and valuable for humans and other primate(灵长类) species,” Lewis says. “It suggests that social information was also important for our shared primate ancestors and that for millions of years it has been adaptive for primates to gain social information about those around them.” Another recent study explored peer-watching behavior in long-tailed macaques(猕猴). Both female and male macaques showed more interest in aggressive(好斗的) interactions than in peaceful brushing, and both paid more attention to videos of familiar individuals. The study’s lead author, Liesbeth Sterck, a primatologist at Utrecht University, says the latter behavior mirrors the way humans are drawn to the social lives of people they recognize—whether family, friends or movie stars. Interest in aggressive interactions, which are likely to reveal shifts in dominance or signal potential threats，supports findings that humans are especially aware of watching conflict in media. “Keeping track of the power balance in your own group likely has prime value for primates, including humans,” Sterck says. Gillian Forrester，who studies comparative cognition(认知) at the University of Sussex, says social attention is key to maintaining a good reputation. In ancient humans and other primates, reputational damage can bar access to food and mates, cause physical conflict and, in extreme cases, lead to potentially deadly rejection. With so much at risk, primates developed to keep a close eye on group members. “Modern humans maintain this sharp attention to other people’s social interactions as an evolutionary adaptation,” Forrester says—so people watching might just pay off. 32. What did Laura Lewis and her team find in their study? A. Children learned to become more social by watching others. B. Chimpanzees showed more interest in watching individuals. C. Children and Chimpanzees needed rewards to watch videos. D. Children and Chimpanzees preferred watching social scenes. 33. Why are macaques and humans interested in aggressive interactions? A. To chase the latest social trends. B. To discover changes and threats. C. To explore the social lives of friends. D. To demonstrate their power over others. 34.What does Gillian Forrester find about reputational damage? A. It affects human’s ability to find food. B. It is mainly caused by physical fights. C. It can lead to serious results like being excluded. D. It can be avoided as primates value group harmony. 35. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Reality TV satisfies human curiosity. B. Social curiosity is developed in childhood. C. Primates share similar behaviors with humans. D. People-watching has deep evolutionary origins. 10 浙江省温州市普通高中2026届高三第一次适应性考试（一模） C Cities worldwide are witnessing a transformation in urban environments. Wildlife populations in cities are not only surviving but often surpassing those in rural areas. Urban bird populations in cities like Berlin have increased by over 40% in the past two decades. These aren’t just typical pigeons and sparrows, but hawks and owls, and even non-native species that have found urban environments surprisingly pleasant. The urban heat island effect, often seen as a negative consequence of city development, creates microclimates many species find irresistible. Warmer temperatures extend growing seasons, provide frost-free zones, and create diverse microhabitats within a single city block. Urban environments also offer abundant food resource. Raccoon in Toronto have learned some techniques to open garbage cans. The constant availability of food waste and reduced animal hunters in nature create what ecologists call “urban ecological release.” Urban wildlife’s boom (繁荣) not only reshapes ecosystems but brings health benefits to humans. Studies show people in areas with higher biodiversity experience lower rates of autoimmune diseases. Mental health benefits are equally impressive: urban residents who encounter wildlife report lower stress and improved mood. Yet this boom isn’t all positive. Urban animals are developing behaviour changes— increased aggression and interrupted migration routes. Disease spread is also critical as populations grow more crowded, threatening humans and animals alike. Forward-thinking cities are pioneering architectural innovations. Green roofs in Copenhagen aren’t just for beauty— they’ re functioning ecosystems supporting plants, insects, and birds, cutting energy costs by up to 30%while providing paths for wildlife to move. Wildlife bridges like Ecoduct de Woeste Hoeve let over 5,000 deer cross highways safely, reducing wildlife- vehicle accidents by 80%. The future of urban wildlife coexistence is promising, driven by tech advances and public awareness— smart tech enables wildlife monitoring, and innovative designs create shared livable spaces. Emerging biotech may revolutionize management: genetic tools help study urban animal adaptation, aiding threatened species. The key is reimagining cities as integrated ecosystems. As urbanization grows, coexistence lessons grow more valuable. The question isn’t whether we can live alongside urban wildlife— it’s whether we dare to embrace the possibilities this partnership offers. 28. What can we know about urban wildlife from Paragraph 1? A. They have grown in diversity. B. They are mainly from rural areas. C. They have adapted to urban pollution. D. They tend to avoid human contact. 29. Why is “urban ecological release” mentioned? A. To present a new ecological concept. B. To stress the constant city development. C. To show the wildlife-friendliness of cities. D. To explain the reduced ecological harm. 30. What can the urban wildlife boom bring? A. Lowered rates of disease spread. B. An improved sense of well-being. C. Impressive migration routes of wildlife. D. Positive behavioral changes in wildlife. 31. What is crucial for urban wildlife coexistence? A. A slower pace of urbanization. B. Adjustment to existing ecosystems. C. Advanced biological technologies. D. An adaptive mindset of coexistence. D Why do some people keep making harmful choices, even when the outcomes are obvious? A new study by UNSW Sydney’s Dr Bressel found that for a small group, the issue isn’t lack of motivation or ability, but rather a subtle (微妙的) but persistent failure to connect their actions with its consequences. The paper, published recently in Nature Communications Psychology, details an online learning game where participants were asked to click between two planets for rewards or to avoid punishment. Researchers observed three behavioural types: Sensitives avoid bad choices), Unawares (adjust strategies after being told their errors) and Compulsives (still make wrong choices even after learning their mistakes). “Some people don’t learn from experience. Even when motivated to avoid harm, they fail to see their behaviour causes problems,” said Dr Bressel. This study followed past research, which only focused on Australian psychology students, but had key differences: 267 participants from 24 countries (including over 50-year-olds), six-month follow-ups, and post-game surveys on their choices. The same behaviourl profiles emerged across cultures and ages. In Australian studies,35%were Sensitives, 41% Unawares, 23% Compulsives; in the new study, 26% Sensitives, 47% Unawares, 27% Compulsives. Dr Bressel linked more Compulsives to older participants, as cognitive (认知的) flexibility declines with age. Interestingly, when participants were invited back to play the same game six months later, most showed the same behaviourl prone. “That was striking,” said Bressel. “These aren’t just random mistakes. They’re almost like personality types. This is not to say they’ re fixed, just that they may require intervention to break.” Researchers confirmed Compulsives’ choices weren’t habits: participants could explain their wrong choices. This points to a deeper issue—a failure to integrate new knowledge to minimise bad outcomes. Dr Bressel noted real life is more complex than the game, but the pattern of ignoring experience and information matches compulsory behaviours. The research has important implications for public health messaging. Many campaigns rely on providing information— about smoking, drinking or financial risks— with the assumption that people will act on it. But this study suggests that for some, information alone isn’t enough. “Standard information campaigns work for most— but not for everyone,” Dr Bressel said.“ For compulsory individuals, we may need different intervention.” 32. What were participants expected to do in the online learning game? A. Make choices. B. Win awards. C. Observe behaviour. D. Identify errors. 33. What is a striking finding of the new study? A. Cognition declines with age. B. Unawares account for the largest. C. Behavioural patterns are consistent. D. Mistakes influence personality types. 34. What does the author suggest for public health campaigns? A. Increasing lecture frequency. B. Reviewing behavior errors. C. Developing tailored strategies. D. Enhancing information accuracy. 35. Which is the best title for the text? A. Learning Risks, Behaving Safer. B. Knowing Better, Doing Worse. C. Recognizing Habits, Acting Well. D. Understanding Rules, Breaking All. 11 重庆市巴蜀中学2026届高考适应性月考卷（四） C For theatergoers, it produces an all too familiar sinking feeling. You open your Playbill and a little piece of paper slips out, alerting you that a member of the cast is out and someone unexpected will be performing. For understudies who are finally getting a turn in the spotlight, though, those little slips offer rare moments of recognition. Love them or hate them, they are a Broadway tradition on the way out. A little-noticed provision in a contract agreed to this month between the Broadway League and Actors’ Equity Association would make those “stuffers” optional. The deal, which is being voted on by Equity members, allows shows to announce most cast changes through QR codes (二维码) printed in Playbills, along with either a verbal announcement or a cast list posted at the entrance. But some Broadway stars who came up the hard way fear that few audience members will bother to scan the QR codes with their phones to see who is performing. “I understand, from an environmental standpoint, that they’ re wasteful, and I understand why producers, cost-wise and for other reasons, don’t want them,” said Julie Benko, a former understudy who caught a break and made it big. “But,” she went on, “I think the understudies, the swings and the standbys do so much work with so little recognition — this is a little piece of paper that makes sure they’ re acknowledged by the people who are watching them.” Broadway will not be the first to try a digital alternative. QR codes are already an option for touring Broadway shows in the United States. Jennifer Ashley Tepper, a producer and author of Broadway history books, said she kept “several framed understudy slips from performances when friends and future stars went on for roles that they covered.” She called the change “a bittersweet shift.” “The end of understudy slips,” she said, “means yet another physical part of theater history will disappear.” 28. What do we know about the piece of paper mentioned in the first paragraph? A. It is a Broadway souvenir. B. It disappoints theatergoers. C. It announces a schedule change. D. It summarizes Playbill contents. 29. What change does the contract allow? A. Opting for Playbills. B. Digitizing cast updates. C. voting on cast changes. D. Cancelling announcements. 30. What can we learn about Julie Benko? A. She worked as a movie producer. B. She supported phasing out stuffers. C. She leaped from understudy to star. D. She prioritized environmental concerns. 31. What is the best title for the text? A. A Curtain Call for Understudy Slips B. Understudies Sideline d by New Policy C. A Bittersweet Shift in Broadway Casting D. Printed Playbills Giving Way to QR Codes D Gen Z is changing the rules of work, and the results are redefining what professional success looks like in 2025. According to a new Glassdoor report, “career minimalism” is at the heart of this shift. In Glassdoor’s survey of more than 1,000 U. S. professionals, a striking 68% of Gen Z respondents said they wouldn’t pursue management if it weren’t for paycheck or title, signaling a rejection of the traditional corporate climb favored by previous generations and a belief that management is something of a poisonous chalice (圣杯). The survey, however, is somewhat at odds with other data collected by Glassdoor. DanielZhao, chief economist for the company, told Fortune that an earlier report had found Gen Z entering the ranks of management at the same rates as older generations did. “Management is not for everybody, and that’s okay,” he said, “but it is still seen as the best path for climbing the career ladder.” What the new survey suggests is that management is now seen as a career-ladder move, not something good in its own right. Gen Z approaches life’s traditional milestones with “reasoned skepticism”. They are hungry for coaching and welcome in-office collaboration yet also desire the death of the nine-to-five mentality and embrace flexibility. If Gen Z isn’t less ambitious yet isn’t thrilled about corporate management, where’s that energy going? The report cited Harris Poll findings that 57% of Gen Z currently have a side hustle (副业) compared to 48% of millennials and 31% of Gen Xers. Side hustle s are central to Gen Z’s identity, offering creative or activist outlets that main jobs cannot supply. For many, the “day job” simply finances the “passion project”— as one Glassdoor community member put it: “I always joke that I don’t dream of labor… If people were truly passionate about their job, it wouldn’t pay anything. Passion is for your five-nine after the nine-five.” When Gen Zers do move into management, Glassdoor finds that they’re rewriting the traditional玩book. Gen Z is reconsidering what it means to be successful at work in this moment. They’ re not rejecting ambition—they’ re redirecting it toward sustainable career path s that prioritize both financial security and personal fulfillment. 32. Why is Daniel Zhao quoted in paragraph 3? A. To draw attention to a new concept. B. To confirm the accuracy of the report. C. To raise awareness of a worrying trend. D. To offer another perspective on the survey. 33. What might a typical Gen Zer do? A. Make critical remarks. B. Leave work no later than 5. C. Seek guidance from seniors. D. Avoid working with colleagues. 34. What factors may Gen Z consider in side hustles? A. High pay and grand titles. B. Short hours and easy work. C. Personal identity and flexibility. D. Benefits and working conditions. 35. What is the professional success defined by Gen Z? A. Earning money with meaning. B. Winning power through effort. C. Dropping promotion for hobbies. D. Staying put for financial security. 12 浙江省嘉兴市2025年12月高三教学测试（一模） C Think of evolution (进化), and you might think of Darwin’s natural selection. But according to researchers writing in the journal BioScience, it is not our genes that are determining our current evolutionary journey. It is our culture. “Cultural evolution eats genetic evolution for breakfast,” said Zachary Wood, a researcher in ecology and environmental sciences at the University of Maine. Although genetics drove the most fundamental changes in our evolutionary past, this process is incremental. Cultural evolution, in contrast, can occur within the time it takes to pass a law. Timothy Waring, an associate professor at the University of Maine, said, “Culture solves problems much more rapidly than genetic evolution. This suggests our species is in the middle of a great evolutionary transition.” Cultural practices integrate everything from farming techniques and legal requirements to medical advances. Cultural evolution is not new — the transition to agriculture, for example, has seen humans move from hunter - gatherer societies to permanent settlements. But, Wood and Waring argue, the impact of cultural evolution is growing. When we see increases in our life expectancy, it is less often the result of genes and more likely the product of advancements in healthcare and other related aspects. Still not convinced? “Ask yourself: what matters more for your personal life outcomes, the genes you are born with, or the country where you live?” said Waring. “Today, your wellbeing is determined less and less by your personal biology and more and more by the cultural systems that surround you — your community, your nation, your technologies.” Some experts believe we are heading towards a future where all of humanity will function as a single unit, much like an ant colony (群落) does. Wood and Waring do not believe we are there yet, but predict that in the long term, culture will continue to grow in influence over human evolution until genes become secondary and are ultimately controlled by culture. 28. What does the underlined word “incremental” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Normal. B. Gradual. C. Difficult. D. Short. 29. How does the author show the impact of cultural evolution? A. By giving an example of medical advances. B. By mentioning the origin of human society. C. By citing the opinions of different researchers. D. By highlighting cultural practices in various areas. 30. How did Waring sound in paragraph 4? A. Confused. B. Curious. C. Confident. D. Critical. 31. What does the last paragraph focus on? A. The loss of human individuality. B. The speed of cultural change. C. The future dominance of culture. D. The structure of an ant colony. D The effects of high altitude (海拔) on the human body could protect against obesity (肥胖), according to a study of more than 4 million children across Colombia. The findings support the theory that low oxygen levels drive increased energy consumption, though prior evidence comes mainly from adults. To understand the potential impact on children, Lizcano Losada at the University of La Sabana analysed data on 4.16 million children aged up to 5 years old from 1123 cities. The children were separated into four groups relating to the height above sea level at which they lived: up to 1000 metres, 1001 to 2000 metres, 2001 to 3000 metres or above3000 metres. In the two lower - altitude regions, around 80 out of every 10,000 children had obesity. However, at altitudes of 2001 to 3000 metres, the prevalence (发生率) of obesity fell to 40 in 10,000. At altitudes above 3000 metres, the prevalence was higher again: 86 out of 10,000. However, the team says this may be a statistical accident, as this data set included fewer cities and children than the other three altitude ranges. “That’s a fair comment,” says David Stensel at Loughborough University. But he also emphasises the study is observational, so it doesn’t prove high altitude prevents obesity. “They’ve tried to make sure they’ve adjusted for the other potential influencing factors,” he says. These include measures of poverty and low income. But “you can’t account for everything”, says Stensel. Assuming high altitude really does make obesity less likely, Stensel says it isn’t clear how this knowledge could be of practical use in reducing the condition. However, Losada argues the findings support the creation of geographically tailored public health strategies. He suggests further studies are needed to better understand the biological pathways linking altitude to childhood obesity, which could lead to more precise health advice for different regions. 32. What was the analysis in Losada’s study mainly based on? A. Grouped data. B. Sample size. C. Children’s age. D. City type. 33. What is the team’s view on the unexpected result of the study? A. It’s a definite trend. B. It’s a chance occurrence. C. It’s a misleading signal. D. It’s a measurement error. 34. What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning Stensel in paragraph 4? A. The importance of health knowledge. B. The necessity of actionable strategies. C. The limitation of the research method. D. The complexity of the influencing factors. 35. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Altitude’s Role in Childhood Weight B. Less Oxygen, Healthier Children? C. A New Approach to Fighting Obesity D. Why the Weight Gap in Colombia? 13 浙江省Z20名校联盟（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）2026 届高三第二次联考 C New research led by Brian Meier, a professor of psychology, provides compelling evidence of humans’ deep-seated preference for products labeled as “natural”, demonstrating how this bias significantly influences real-world decision-making even when potential risks are involved. Prior studies have shown that the bias extends across various fields. However, many of them relied on self-reported preferences in hypothetical scenarios(假设情景) , leaving a gap in our understanding of how the bias influences actual behavior. Therefore, Brian and his colleagues conducted three experiments to test participants’ choices and performances in different contexts. The first experiment involved 174 college students who were led to believe they were testing a strength-enhancing drink described as either natural or synthetic(合成的) . When asked to choose between the two options before repeating a grip strength test, an overwhelming 84% selected the natural-labeled drink, despite both being identical water samples. In the second experiment, 98 students were offered chocolate described as containing either natural or synthetic cocoa, with researchers introducing an element of risk by mentioning potential stomach discomfort. Remarkably, 84% still chose the natural option, maintaining their preference even when facing possible adverse effects. The third experiment extended the research beyond laboratory settings, approaching 200 passers-by on a street. Participants evaluated stickers described as using natural or synthetic ink, then selected one to keep. Results showed 66% preferred natural-labeled stickers, which they also rated as higher quality and more appealing than their synthetic counterparts. “The vast majority of subjects exhibited a clear behavioral preference that was influenced solely by the ‘natural’ label across all three experimental contexts,” Meier stated. The research, which spanned diverse settings and product categories, yielded remarkably consistent results, strongly confirming the profound impact of naturalness branding on consumer decision-making. Based on these convincing findings, Meier and his research team have outlined several promising avenues for further investigation. Their future work aims to delve deeper into the underlying cognitive and emotional mechanisms of this “naturalness bias”, unlocking its potential applications in strategic marketing and the formulation of public policy. 28. How did Brian Meier’s research differ from earlier studies on naturalness bias? A. It explored completely new fields. B. It repeated experiments for accuracy. C. It tested people in real-life situations. D. It focused more on data comparison. 29. What can be inferred from the three experiments mentioned in the passage? A. Risks lower the preference. B. The bias depends on product type. C. The synthetic option tasted better. D. The bias works despite no real difference. 30. What might be a direction of future research according to the research team? A. Behavioral bias. B. Consumer behavior. C. Product labeling strategies. D. Hidden psychological mechanisms. 31. What might be the best title for the passage? A. The Power of “Natural”: How Labels Shape Our Decisions B. The Risks of Natural Products: A Psychological Analysis C. Natural VS Synthetic: Consumer Choices in Everyday Life D. Beyond the Label: New Research in Consumer Psychology D A recent review of numerous studies reveals that childhood exposure to chemicals in common plastic household items poses significant and lasting health risks, extending well into adulthood. Published in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, the findings highlight particular concern for three classes of chemicals: phthalates(making plastic flexible) , bisphenols(providing rigidity) , and PFAS(resisting heat and water) . The research, which analyzed data from thousands of pregnant mothers, fetuses, and children, links these chemicals to a range of long-term health issues. These include heart disease, obesity, infertility, and inflammation. Experts explain that these substances can derange hormone function and trigger body-wide inflammation. Furthermore, early-life exposure is associated with neurodevelopmental problems like autism and ADHD, as well as IQ loss. These chemicals are widespread, found in food packaging, cosmetics, and even paper receipts. As plastics are used, heated, or washed, microplastic and nanoparticles are released and become ingested. The review also suggests practical solutions. Parents can reduce exposure by switching to glass or stainless-steel containers and avoiding microwaving or dishwashing plastic. Healthcare providers are encouraged to guide families toward safer choices. At a policy level, researchers call for stricter regulations, especially for nonessential plastics. This urgency is supported by the ongoing negotiations for the UN Global Plastics Treaty, which aims to establish legally binding limits on plastic production. According to Trasande, the findings in the article support the urgent need for a strong agreement to help protect not only the environment but human health as well. He notes that while the economic value of the plastics industry is commonly raised as a barrier to carrying out regulations, the resulting health care costs from exposure are enormous, with his research estimates reaching roughly $250 billion per year in the United States alone. However, the researchers clarify that their findings do not challenge the essential, life-saving uses of plastic in medical settings, such as in ventilators for premature infants or nebulizers for asthmatic children. The concern lies primarily with unnecessary use outside of healthcare. 32. The underlined word “derange” in the paragraph 2 most probably means______ A. disturb B. regulate C. ignore D. fulfil 33. According to the passage, which is NOT the measure to reduce plastic exposure? A. Making policies to limit nonessential plastics. B. Launching campaigns to recycle plastic bottles. C. Avoiding microwaving and dishwashing plastic. D. Replacing plastic containers with glass or stainless steel. 34. What is Dr. Trasande’s attitude towards plastics regulation? A. Objective. B. Supportive. C. Ambiguous. D. Dismissive. 35. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To call for a total ban on plastic production. B. To stress the essential role of plastics in medicine. C. To reveal risks of plastic exposure and urge actions. D. To assess the economic cost of plastic-related diseases. 14 江苏省苏州市2026届高三上一轮复习调研（九校联考） C We often think of confidence as a purely internal mental state, but groundbreaking neuroscience reveals that our body posture directly and rapidly shapes our brain function, stress levels, and willingness to take risks. This bidirectional link between body and mind, known as embodied cognition, shows that adopting “high-power” postures — open, expansive, and occupying space — can chemically and neurologically equip us for challenge. A 2025 study published in Nature Communications used a combination of fMRI brain scanning, hormone sampling, and behavioral economic games to trace this real-time effect. Researchers found that when participants held expansive postures for just two minutes, their brain activity shifted dramatically. There was increased connectivity between the prefrontal cortex (involved in planning and regulation) and the brain’s reward circuits, while activity in the amygdala (杏仁核), a key fear center, was reduced. “The brain doesn’t just command the body; the body’s posture sends immediate signals back that restructure the brain’s priorities from avoidance to approach,” explains the lead author. Currently, hormonal changes were measured: brief periods of “power posing” led to a mild increase in testosterone (linked to confidence) and a significant decrease in cortisol (linked to stress). This state is associated with resilience under pressure. In the following decision-making tasks, these participants were 28% more likely to choose a high-risk, high-reward option compared to those who had held contracted, low-power postures. This research has profound, immediate significance for high-risk moments in a student’s life — from walking into an important exam to preparing for a presentation. However, the lead researcher cautions that posture is a tool, not a magic trick. “The effect is real and physiological (生理 ), but it works best as a short-term preparatory strategy to access a more resourceful state. It doesn’t replace competence or preparation, but it can ensure your biological state doesn’t weaken them.” The ultimate insight is one of control: we are not passive victims of our nervousness; we can use our own physiology as a gateway to access confidence, changing performance anxiety by starting with the body to influence the mind. 28. What can we learn from paragraph 1? A. High-power postures improve problem-solving skills. B. Confidence is mainly determined by internal psychology. C. Embodied cognition helps regulate brain-body interaction. D. Body posture directly influences people’s cognition and emotion. 29. What method was used in the 2025 study? A. Collecting self-reported psychological data. B. Measuring long-term hormone level changes. C. Combining neural scanning with behavioral tests. D. Tracking brain activity through daily posture monitoring. 30. The lead researcher may agree that power posing __________. A. can make up for lack of professional ability B. is a reliable way to build lasting confidence C. has slight real physiological effects on people D. serves as a temporary aid to actual competence 31. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Different body postures’ effects on physical health. B. The link between body posture and mental functioning. C. Scientific findings on mental stress reduction methods. D. Body language’s role in managing performance anxiety. D Driverless taxis have turned from science fiction into daily reality in San Francisco and Shenzhen. Between April and June, Waymo completed 2.2 million autonomous trips in California — five times more than in 2024. Baidu delivered the same number across 16 Chinese cities, doubling its previous figures. These figures show a big change in city transport, promising safer roads and less traffic. But this future is limited to a few places. In most Western countries, rules block self-driving taxi services. This creates a sharp split between cities that welcome innovation and those stuck with old transport systems. The rules create two main problems. First, they slow down technical progress. American companies must get permission from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to build cars without pedals or steering wheels — parts humans don’t need when AI drives. The NHTSA also limits each company to only 2,500 such cars per year, blocking the large-scale rollout. Second, local laws directly stop robotaxi services. New York’s Taxi Commission bans autonomous vehicles from paid services. Boston lawmakers want a human safety operator in every car. In Europe, only a few countries allow testing. These cautious policies come from two fears: robotaxi might crash into people or cars and take away drivers’ jobs. Neither reason stands up to closer inspection. On safety, early data tells a different story. A study shows Waymo produces 88% fewer property- damage claims and 92% fewer injury claims than human drivers. While other companies need to prove similar results and testing remains limited to simpler cities, the numbers clearly point to safer roads. The job-loss argument also fails. While driver replacement worries are politically powerful — causing officials to set strict safety standards under protest pressure — the public interest must come first. In San Francisco, robotaxis mainly replace private cars, not traditional taxis. Demand for human-driven cabs has stayed steady as they remain more available during busy times, showing the two services complement rather than replace each other. Even with smart regulation, profit challenges remain. Each Waymo car costs $150,000 with its sensors and software. Mapping and testing may be too expensive for small European cities. Still, removing regulatory barriers would let companies expand, improve technology, and cut costs — benefiting consumers who want safer city transport. 32. What can be inferred from the data in paragraph 1? A. Baidu serves more cities than Waymo. B. Robotaxi technology is enjoying vigorous growth. C. Robotaxis dominate urban transport in the US and China. D. Waymo’s annual growth rate is five times that of Baidu’s. 33. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Background details on robotaxi services. B. Future trends in transportation regulation. C. Specific obstacles from relevant regulations. D. Comparisons of different robotaxi companies. 34. What does the underlined word “complement” in paragraph 5 mean? A. supplement. B. Resemble. C. Conflict. D. Substitute. 35. What is the author’s attitude towards the development of robotaxi services? A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Unbiased. 15 四川省成都市2026届高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测（一模） C Situated high above the Los Angeles skyline, the Chemosphere House stands as evidence to architectural innovation. Designed by architect John Lautner in 1960, this modernist house charms with its futuristic shape and innovative engineering, reflecting Lautner’s philosophy of integrating architecture with the environment. The vision for the Chemosphere began with a commission from Leonard Malin, an aerospace engineer. Tasked with constructing a home on a steep hillside, Malin turned to John Lautner to design a solution that would work with the terrain (地形), not against it. Malin’s background in aerospace engineering likely inspired Lautner’s exploration of “structural lightness” and “mechanical stability,” laying the groundwork for the building’s revolutionary design. Known also as the Malin Residence, the Chemosphere is a unique octagonal (八角形的) structure supported by a single concrete column. This design is not only a clever response to the site’s constraints, but also offers breathtaking views of the San Fernando Valley. Inside, spaces radiate around the central column, with living areas placed along the edges to take full advantage of natural light. Though initially met with criticism, the home has since earned worldwide recognition for its distinctive form and structural innovation. Beyond its architectural significance, the Chemosphere has appeared in several films and shows, solidifying its status as a Hollywood cultural landmark. Today, the Chemosphere House remains a symbol of innovative design. Under the ownership of Taschen, ongoing renovations have preserved its futuristic charm. Its single concrete pillar support system is still as much a conversation starter now as it was in 1960, serving as a tangible reminder of an era when architects dared to reimagine how buildings interact with their environments. 28. What was the possible source of the Chemosphere House’s design concept? A. The features of the terrain. B. The view of the valley. C. Malin’s professional background. D. Lautner’s personal experience. 29. What does the underlined word “constraints” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Advantages. B. Restrictions. C. Potentials. D. Influences. 30. What is the significance of the Chemosphere House today? A. It inspires innovative spirits. B. It stands for a special style. C. It brings in financial benefits. D. It promotes environmental protection. 31. What is the purpose of the text? A. To illustrate how creative ideas turned into reality. B. To introduce a building fitting in well with surroundings. C. To promote the design concept of the Chemosphere House. D. To explain why the Chemosphere House was built this way. D Chenyang Lin, a brain expert at Boston University, grew up in a coastal city in southern China, far from forests. So, when he hiked in New Hampshire last year, he was amazed by the squirrels in towering trees. That hike is stuck in Lin’s memory. So, oddly, are the more familiar chickens he saw on the way to the hike. Now, Lin’s research helps explain why both animals are clearly remembered. Events that have a strong emotional impact help people remember moments they would otherwise forget, Lin and colleagues report in Science Advances. The brain even seems to connect similar things and events together. That’s probably why Lin remembers chickens along with those cool squirrels. Since the 1990s, researches have suggested that pairing a weak memory with a strong one can strengthen it — a theory called “tag and capture”. Everyday memories leave neuronal (神经元的) tags that disappear within hours. But a powerful memory triggers a protein storm in the hippocampus (海马体). Then the tagged neurons capture those proteins, thus gluing weak memories to powerful ones. Lin and his team tested that idea by having over 100 people observe animals and everyday tools on a computer. First, participants simply viewed dozens of images. Next, they viewed similar images with a reward attached to each. About half the participants received a large reward for labeling animals and a low reward for labeling tools, while the other half received the opposite. The next day, the team surprised participants with a memory test of what they’d seen the day before. Receiving a big reward after seeing animals improved people’s memories of those animals by about 5 percent, compared with those getting small rewards. However, big rewards for tools had no effect. Lin suspects that’s because people formed stronger early memories of the tools than the animals. “Routine memories are known to exist in this temporary state,” says cognitive neuroscientist Joseph Dunsmoor of The University of Texas, “But this is among the first papers to show that weak memories are more likely to get captured when they relate to the strong memory.” 32. Why does Lin remember the chickens? A. They were in his way of hike. B. They were rarely seen in daily life. C. They differ from those in hometown. D. They are associated with the squirrels. 33. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The cause for protein storm. B. The structure in hippocampus. C. The theory behind the phenomenon. D. The process of memory formation. 34. What can we learn from Lin’s research? A. Image type has less impact on memory. B. Tools are naturally easier to remember than animals. C. Memory improvement through comparing is quite effective. D. Rewards may enhance memory of items with weaker initial memories. 35. What does Joseph think of the research? A. Its objective is clear. B. Its future is promising. C. Its findings are pioneering. D. Its method needs improving. 16 湖南省长沙市长郡中学2026届高三月考试卷（五） C Relationships are messy, whether you are an adult with lots of experience or a kid navigating through tough times with a best friend, boyfriend or girlfriend. You can’t predict moods, interests or desires. For teens learning the ins and outs of relationships for the first time, disagreements, fights and breakups can be ruinous. But what if your teen’s best friend wasn’t actually human? It may seem far-fetched, but it’s not. A new report from Common Sense Media says that 72 percent of teens surveyed have used AI companions, and 33 percent have relationships or friendships with these chatbots. The language that AI companions use, the responses they make, and the empathy they exude (流露) can make a user feel as though they truly understand and sympathize. These chatbots can make someone feel liked or even loved. They are programmed to help users feel like they’ve made a real connection. This may be puzzling to some parents, but if your child is navigating the complex worlds of technology, social media and artificial intelligence, the likelihood that they will be curious about an AI companion is pretty high. Here are some things that you must know. You might think your kid won’t get attached and that they will know the chatbots are an algorithm (算法) designed to give immediate responses based on the text inputs they receive, which is not real. But a fascinating Stanford University study of students who use the app Replika found that 81 percent considered their AI companion has “intelligence”, and 90 percent thought it “human-like”. On the plus side, these companions are sometimes touted (吹捧) for their supportiveness and promotion of mental health; the Stanford study even found that 3 percent of users felt their Replika had directly helped them avoid suicide. If you’re a teenager who is isolated or struggling to make friends, an AI companion can provide much-needed companionship. They may offer practice when it comes to building conversational and social skills. Chatbots can offer helpful information and tips. But are they safe? A Florida mother has accused the company that owns Character. AI, claiming the chatbot encouraged her 14-year-old son to attempt suicide. Another suit filed in 2024 claims that the same chatbot encourages self-harm in teens and violence towards parents who try to set limits on how often kids use the app. Then there’s privacy: AI companions are a “privacy horror”, with data trackers that may encourage negative or harmful behaviors. Given what we know about teens, screens and mental health, online influences are sometimes powerful, largely unavoidable, and potentially life-changing for children and families. 28. What motivates teenagers to use AI companions? A. To stay away from all conflicts in real relationships. B. To attain the feeling of being truly comprehended. C. To predict a robot’s emotions, interests and desires. D. To explore how AI can take the place of human friends. 29. What did the Stanford University study find? A. Most teens tended to develop an attachment to AI companions. B. Replika was widely used by teens for emotional support. C. Most teens fully knew AI companions were related to algorithms. D. AI companions could effectively improve teens’ social skills. 30. What is the author’s attitude towards AI companions? A. Negative. B. Indifferent. C. Objective. D. Skeptical. 31. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. The Hidden Dangers of AI Companions for Teens. B. Teen Relationship: A Hard Nut to Crack. C. Approaches to Helping Teens Use AI Companions Safer. D. AI Companions: Teens’ Alternatives to Real Relationships. D It is widely acknowledged that crows are highly intelligent with cognitive abilities similar to those of 5-to 7-year-old children. Past research shows that they can count to four and distinguish human voices and faces, and some species can even create tools for future use. Lately, a special study has expanded this list further, revealing that crows can recognize basic geometric features, such as side lengths, parallel lines, and right angles, and tell apart shapes like stars, crescents, squares, and irregular four-sided figures. With the purpose of testing the crows’ geometric skills, scientists showed two crows six shapes on a digital screen and trained them to peck (啄) at the outlier—the shape that looked different from the rest. When the birds chose correctly, they were rewarded with a tasty snack. At first, the researchers made the outlier obvious, such as one flower among five crescents. As the birds got used to the task, the shapes became more similar including squares and irregular four- sided figures. Despite the increasing difficulty, the crows continued to identify the outlier correctly. The shape recognition ability of crows remains a topic of interest for researchers. They suspect this ability may help them with navigation as they fly around. The birds may have also developed this ability to help them search for food or identify other individual crows — including potential mates — based on their facial features. “All these abilities, at the end of the day, from a biological point of view, have evolved because they provide a survival advantage or a reproductive advantage,” says study senior author Andreas Nieder, a neurophysiologist at the University of Tübingen in Germany. In the future, researchers hope to explore which areas of the birds’ brains are responsible for their exceptional ability in geometry. Birds don’t have a cerebral cortex (大脑皮层)—at least, not in the same way that humans do. But for us, that part of the brain is responsible for thinking and other complex functions. Crows still have these abilities, so the researchers assume there must be something else going on inside their heads. “Obviously, evolution found two different ways of giving rise to behaviorally flexible animals,” Nieder says. 32. What does the recent study reveal about crows? A. They can draw simple figures with tools. B. They can distinguish between basic shapes in geometry. C. They can do easy math calculations. D. They can recognize human voices and faces. 33. How did the researchers increase the difficulty of the shape- recognition task? A. By shortening the time for the crows to respond. B. By presenting more familiar shapes on the screen. C. By showing the figures with different colors. D. By enhancing the similarity among the shapes. 34. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The role of crows’ geometric potential in navigation. B. Reasons for crows to evolve shape identification abilities. C. Survival benefits of crows’ cognitive talents. D. The advantages of crows’ food-searching skills over other birds. 35. What is the follow-up step for future study? A. Investigating crows’ brain areas related to geometric skills. B. Comparing the cerebral cortex of humans and crows. C. Exploring other complex functions of crows’ brains. D. Studying the causes of crows’ flexible behaviors. 17 河北省唐山市2026届高三12月期中考试 C What if Mr. Darcy’s important letter to Elizabeth was never delivered? This is the thought-provoking (发人深省的) question explored in the play Pride and Prejudice, a fresh adaptation of Jane Austen’s classic novel. The play, written and directed by Isobel McArthur, creatively reimagines the story from the perspective of the often-overlooked servants. It challenges audiences to reflect $ 2027届高考英语阅读理解CD篇精练77套154篇 答案及解析 01 2026年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考I卷） C篇 纽约市每年种植大量树木以扩大绿地，但研究发现橡树和枫香树释放的异戊二烯与汽车等排放的氮氧化物反应生成地面臭氧，危害人体健康。因此，植树需谨慎选择树种，同时应反思以汽车为中心的生活方式，从根源上减少污染。 28. C。第二段指出橡树和枫香树释放异戊二烯，与氮氧化物反应形成地面臭氧，而臭氧是许多呼吸问题的主要因素。因此它们间接危害人类健康。A项“影响其他树木生长”、B项“吸收碳少于预期”、D项“缓慢升高局部温度”均未提及。 29. C。第四段Commane说“But if we're not careful, we could make air quality worse.”（如果不小心，可能恶化空气质量。）结合研究结论，她的建议应是改变新种植的树种。A项“砍掉产异戊二烯的树”过于极端；B项“暂停植树几十年”不现实；D项“清除现有树木释放的异戊二烯”不可行。 30. B。第五段开头“The Parks Department is not oblivious to the issue.” 结合后文该部门多年前就做过相关研究，可知他们并非“不知道”这个问题。oblivious to 意为“未察觉的、不知道的”，与 unaware of 同义。A项“对……诚实”、C项“与……相关”、D项“对……乐观”均不正确。 31. A。第五段Auyeung说：“We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle.”（如果我们重新思考以汽车为中心的生活方式，就可以种植任何想要的树。）因此她会倡导减少日常汽车使用。B项“为动物提供新栖息地”、C项“控制人口增长”、D项“对问题做更多研究”均不是她强调的重点。 D篇 本文介绍了一项心理学实验，比较了单纯观看艺术品与主动评判其美感对认知能力的不同影响。研究发现，主动欣赏美（评判艺术品的美丽程度）能显著提升抽象思维能力，并且这种提升与积极情绪无关，而是源于对美的深度投入。 32. B。根据第二段：“the ‘beauty’ group was asked to actively consider and then rate the beauty of each object they viewed”（“美”组被要求主动思考然后对每件物品的美感进行评分）。因此，他们被要求给每件作品打分。A项“画出轮廓”、C项“比较价格”、D项“复制每件作品”均不符合。 33. A。根据第三段：“Among those, the effect was greater: those with an artistic hobby in the beauty group scored over 25% higher on average for abstract thinking than those with an artistic hobby in the control group.”（其中，效果更明显：美组中有艺术爱好的参与者在抽象思维测试中的平均得分比对照组中有艺术爱好的参与者高出25%以上。）因此，最高分的是美组中有艺术爱好的参与者。 34. D。根据第四段，测量情绪状态是为了发现美组比对照组报告了更高的“变革性和超越自我的感受”，但同时美组并没有感到更快乐，这表明“是参与美的体验影响了抽象思维，而不是体验带来的整体积极情绪”。因此，测量情绪是为了确定测试结果背后的因素（即排除情绪影响，确认是审美参与本身的作用）。 35. D。全文核心发现：主动欣赏美（评判艺术品美感）的参与者比对照组在抽象思维测试中得分更高（高14%，有艺术爱好的高25%以上），且这种效果与情绪无关。因此，艺术欣赏的主要发现是能促进抽象思维。A项“增强情感联系”未涉及；B项“需要批判性思维技能”不是发现；C项“创造积极情绪”虽有一定感受，但不是核心发现。 02 2026年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考II卷） C篇 本文通过作者在登山过程中发现不同测高仪读数存在微小差异的经历，引出对海拔高度相对性的思考。作者指出，海拔的数值依赖于参考点（通常是海平面），而“海平面”这一概念本身具有技术和文化上的假设性历史。文章介绍了作者撰写一本关于海平面概念史的书的缘起和主要内容，并强调了海平面上升问题的紧迫性。 28. C。第一段指出“But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height...”（海拔必然是相对的：只有选择一个参考点，我们才能用数字表达高度……）。因此作者指出海拔的概念是相对的。A项“一些山脉正在变高”未提及；B项“穿戴设备上的数据有误导性”未提及；D项“参考点很难定位”不符合文意。 29. B。第三段讲述了作者在Pradidali hut附近休息时，与朋友讨论不同测高仪读数为何有微小差异，这让他思考“零点”的意义，并由此开始寻找海平面的概念史。因此本段主要讲是什么引发了作者的研究。A项“测高仪如何发明”未提及；C项“数字读数为何不同”是讨论的具体问题，但不是段落主旨；D项“作者在哪里度假”是细节。 30. C。最后一段原文：“Since I began thinking about this project in August 2011, the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent...” 紧接着说“between then and the end of 2022 the global sea rose...” 因此“it”指代的是the issue of sea-level rise（海平面上升的问题）。A项“这本书”是成果，不是思考的对象；B项“这个项目”是思考的内容，但这里的“it”更直接指代“issue”；D项“发展”不明确。 31. B。文中多次提到作者在撰写一本关于海平面概念史的书，例如“In this book I tell a story of these assumptions”、“I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level”。因此最合适的标题是《Sea Level: A History》。A项“测高仪：必备品”与书的内容无关；C项“零的意义：虚无或一切”虽与零点思考有关，但不如B直接；D项“从山到海：起起落落”过于宽泛。 D篇 本文介绍了巴塞罗那地铁系统的MetroCharge项目，该项目利用列车再生制动产生的能量为地铁站供电，并将剩余能量输送到地面为电动汽车充电，旨在推动绿色交通、应对气候变化并助力欧洲电动汽车市场转型。 32. C。根据第二段：“Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe’s difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market.”（巴塞罗那整合了一系列清洁能源技术，帮助公共交通更加绿色，同时为应对气候变化和助力欧洲向私家电动汽车市场的艰难转型做出贡献。）因此，项目的目的是推广绿色交通。A项“刺激城市经济”、B项“提升乘客体验”、D项“提高电动汽车质量”均未提及。 33. D。根据第四段Espinoza的话：“I am always looking for where to plug it in”（我总是在找在哪里充电），因此他的担忧是找不到充电点。A项“减少出行花费”、B项“找停车位”、C项“避开高峰交通”均未提及。 34. D。第五段解释了再生制动器的工作原理：电动马达收集制动动作中原本会以热量形式损失的能量，这些能量可立即用于加速车辆，或通过电缆输送到地铁站或充电桩。因此本段讨论的是其工作机制。A项“操作条件”、B项“传统标准”、C项“潜在风险”均未涉及。 35. A。最后一段Luna说：“the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses — in this case powering electric cars parked nearby.”（该系统的创新之处在于它允许将回收的能源重新定向到特定的本地用途——这里是为附近停放的电动汽车供电。）这表明系统创造性地使用了回收能源。B项“提高工人效率”、C项“优先考虑列车安全”、D项“为当地人创造就业”均未提及。 03 2026年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷） C篇 本文围绕虚假评论展开，介绍了一项相关研究的过程与结果，揭示了消费者对正负评论的信任差异、影响虚假评论可信度的因素，以及AI生成虚假评论带来的新问题。 28题：A 第二段核心内容是介绍该研究的具体设置。段落明确提及研究使用了1600条芝加哥酒店评论（含真假两类），选取400名受试者，每位受试者阅读 8 条随机排序、各类别数量均衡的评论（2 条假好评、2 条真好评、2 条假差评、2 条真差评），同时说明了评论的撰写来源。这些信息均属于研究设计的范畴。 29题：D 结合语境判断词义。第四段该词所在句为“participants tended to trust writers that kept their glowing reviews short”，前文一直在对比好评和差评的可信度，且本句承接“冗长的好评会被认为可疑”这一观点。由此可推断，“glowing”在此处与“positive（积极的）”同义，意为赞扬的、赞美的。 30题：B 根据第四段的关键结论推导。文中提到两个核心要点：一是读者更信任差评；二是评论的情感表达会影响可信度，读者不太信任情绪表达强烈的评论，越是冷静客观（dispassionate）的差评，越容易让读者信服。这与选项B的描述完全吻合。 31题：D 通过最后一段的逻辑进行推断。段落指出，当下AI正越来越多地被用于撰写虚假评论，且AI写的评论看起来更真实；同时，企业用来筛选虚假评论的算法是由人类编写的，而人类本身识别虚假评论的能力有限。综合这些信息可推断，未来识别虚假评论将会变得更加困难。 D篇 本文介绍了萨尔克研究所的科学家为应对气候变化，利用AI软件SLEAP研究植物根系表型，以优化植物储碳能力的研究，强调了跨学科合作的重要性。 32题：A.文章首段明确指出，索尔克研究所的科学家利用植物吸收二氧化碳的天然能力，通过优化植物根系，目标是增加碳储存量并延长碳储存时间。这一表述与选项“让更多的碳保存在植物中”完全吻合，是科学家开展研究的核心目标。 33题：B.第二段提到，SLEAP是由Talmo Pereira研发的AI软件，最初设计用途是追踪实验室中动物的活动。后续才是Pereira与植物科学家合作，将该工具应用于植物根系研究。题干问的是Pereira最初研发SLEAP的目的，因此该选项正确。 34题：C. 第四段说明，利SLEAP 追踪植物根系的物理特征，能帮助科学家找到与这些根系特征相关的基因，还能判断不同根系特征是由相同基因还是独立基因决定。这让研究团队可以筛选出对根系优化最有益的基因，即“确定优良根系对应的基因”，与该选项表述一致。 35题：C. Pereira强调，他们的合作并非简单“借用”不同学科的成果，而是让不同学科处于平等地位协同合作，最终创造出“大于各部分之和”的成果。这一表述核心是跨学科合作能产生突破性的创新成果，该选项准确概括了其言论所传递的核心推断。 04 江苏省南通市2026届高三上学期9月调研测试 C篇 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了物理学在改善咖啡制作过程中的应用。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“The idea for our research is really to see if we could help do something by reducing the number of coffee beans that are needed while still keeping the same amount of extraction (萃取), so that you get the same strength of coffee. (我们研究的想法是，看看我们是否可以通过减少所需的咖啡豆数量来帮助做些什么，同时保持相同的萃取量，使咖啡的强度保持不变。)”可知Mathijssen的研究意图是提高咖啡的萃取效率，故选C。 【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Mathijssen told USA Today that the inspiration for this study started with his PhD student, Park, who just loved trying out different things, pouring coffee with different speeds, boiling an egg at different temperatures, etc. (Mathijssen告诉《今日美国》，这项研究的灵感来自他的博士生Park，他喜欢尝试不同的东西，用不同的速度倒咖啡，用不同的温度煮鸡蛋等等。)”可推断出好奇心推动发现。故选B。 【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“At low heights, though, the water’s speed was too slow to effectively move through the coffee bed. At higher heights, the water mixed with the coffee bed more, creating a stronger coffee. And then a steady flow led to an ‘avalanche effect (雪崩效应)’, during which the flow could pass through the coffee bed while washing up and mixing coffee grounds (咖啡渣) at the bottom. The increased height makes up for the slow pouring. (然而，在较低的高度，水的速度太慢，无法有效地穿过咖啡层。在更高的高度，水与咖啡层混合得更多，从而产生更浓的咖啡。然后，稳定的水流导致了“雪崩效应”，在此期间，水流流可以穿过咖啡层，同时在底部清洗和混合咖啡渣。增加的高度弥补了慢倒的不足。)” 这说明高度和速度相互影响、同等重要，共同决定萃取效果。故选A。 【31题详解】主旨大意题。通断全文，可知文章的核心是物理学家通过研究水流速度、高度等物理原理，改进咖啡冲煮方法，减少咖啡豆用量仍保持萃取效果。D选项“物理改善了咖啡的制作”符合文章大意，适合作标题。故选D。 D篇 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章通过引用语言专家Jay Keyser的研究，结合艺术家案例和科学原理，解释“重复”在艺术中的作用及背后逻辑。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Artists like jazz musician Duke Ellington and painter Andy Warhol purposefully use repetition — not simply as copying, but as a clever “same, but different” skill. (爵士乐演奏家Duke Ellington和画家Andy Warhol这样的艺术家，会有意地运用重复手法——这并非简单的模仿行为，而是一种巧妙的“相同，但不同”的技巧。)”以及后文的例子“In Ellington’s Satin Doll, for example, the rhythm repeats while the notes stay high or low, and the song’s words mirror this pattern. Warhol’s soup cans appear alike at first sight, yet each design changes a little. This skill called “same/except” by Jay Keyser in his book Play it again, Sam — makes art feel richer and more pleasant to our brains. (例如，在Ellington的《Satin Doll》中，节奏不断重复，而音符则保持在高音或低音位置，歌曲的词也遵循了这种模式。Warhol的罐头图案乍一看都很相似，但每个设计又略有不同。Jay Keyser在其著作《Play it again, Sam》中称这一技巧为“同中存异”（same/except）它让艺术作品显得更加丰富，也更能让我们的大脑感到愉悦)”可知，“同中存异”（same/except）技巧的核心是重复中带有轻微变化。故选C。 【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Interestingly, discovering repetition brings much more. Consider a photograph of the US city of Albuquerque that is often discussed for its meaning. Look closer, and you may find that a dog sits in the center with a street sign shadow to its right copying its shape. Recognizing this hidden pattern, as Keyser suggests, repays us with unexpected pleasure and more. Training our eyes to notice such patterns — whether in poetry, paintings or songs — unlocks new meaning.(有趣的是，发现重复现象所带来的益处远不止于此。不妨看看一张关于美国阿尔伯克基市的照片——这张照片的深层含义一直备受讨论。凑近观察，你会发现照片中央坐着一只狗，而它右侧的路牌影子，恰好复刻了狗的轮廓。正如Keyser所指出的，认识到这种隐藏的模式会给我们带来意想不到的愉悦感以及更多的收获。训练我们的目光去留意这类模式——无论是在诗歌、绘画还是歌曲中——都能开启新的意义)”可知，该段以照片为例，是为了论证“发现重复能带来额外价值”，包括意外的愉悦感和新的意义，由此可知，以Albuquerque照片为例，强调了重复丰富了艺术体验。故选C。 【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线词上文“According to Keyser, science offers an answer: the mere exposure effect (单纯曝光效应). (根据Keyser的观点，科学给出了答案：单纯曝光效应)”、“Advertisers use this by repeating product names to build trust.(广告商通过重复产品名称来建立信任)”以及划线词所在句“Artists harness it too — Warhol’s repeated cans or a song’s repeated catchy parts make us feel comforted and connected. (艺术家们也harness它——Warhol重复的罐子或一首歌重复的朗朗上口的部分让我们感到安慰和联系)”可知，广告商和艺术家都利用了单纯曝光效应，harness与文中“use”同义，表示“利用”，与选项中Take advantage of意思一致。故选A。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Keyser shows great art works with the brain’ makeup. When artists repeat certain parts with changes, the art is in line with how our minds seek order, expect patterns, and gain joy from “finding” connections — though we are not aware of it. By studying how artists skillfully apply the “same/except” skill across mediums, and by connecting these choices with science, we gain the key to admiring creativity’s universal magic. This makes everyday experiences with music, paintings, and words much richer.(Keyser指出，伟大的艺术作品与人类的大脑构造相契合。当艺术家在重复某些元素的同时加入变化时，这类艺术便与我们大脑的运作方式不谋而合——我们的大脑会不自觉地寻求秩序、期待规律，并从“发现”事物间的关联中获得愉悦，只是我们自己并未察觉这一点。通过研究艺术家如何巧妙地在不同艺术媒介中运用“同中存异”（same/except）的技巧，并将这些创作选择与科学原理相结合，我们便能掌握欣赏创造力所蕴含的普世魅力的关键。这使得我们在日常生活中接触音乐、绘画与文字时，能获得远比以往更丰富的体验)”可知，最后一段首句点明主旨：伟大艺术作品与大脑的构成相契合，并指出艺术（通过重复与变化的手法）与人类大脑的认知方式（寻求秩序、期待模式、从发现联系中获得快乐）一致。由此可知，最后一段主要告诉我们“艺术有时与我们的思维模式一致”。故选A。 05 四川省成都市第七中学2026届高三10月阶段性测试 C篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过引用物理学家的话以及现代科学爆炸式发展带来的专业化趋势来介绍爱因斯坦1915年的名著《广义相对论的基础》，这篇论文读起来不一样的地方以及它可能不会在今天的科学期刊上发表的原因。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“As the physicist Richard Feynman wrote, “There was a time when the newspapers said that only 1.2 men understood the theory of relativity, which is not true. After reading the paper, a lot of people understood the theory of relativity in some way or other, certainly more than 1.2.”(正如物理学家理查德·费曼所写的那样：“曾经有一段时间，报纸上说只有1.2个人理解相对论，这是不正确的。读了这篇论文后，很多人都以某种方式理解了相对论，肯定不止1.2个。”)”可知，爱因斯坦1915年的论文证明是可以理解的。故选B项。 【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词后句“Worse, there are zero citations of previous scientists’ work, nor are there any graphs. Those features might make a paper not even get past the first editors.(更糟糕的是，上面没有引用以前科学家的工作，也没有任何图表。这些特点可能会让一篇文章甚至无法通过第一编辑。)”可知，爱因斯坦的论文没有引用，也没有图表，在如今看来是很糟糕的，因此此处是说他在论文中花大量篇幅进行的哲学讨论和张量微积分的阐述在今天被认为是无关紧要的，所以画线词词义为“不相关的、无关紧要的”。故选D项。 【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“These professionalising tendencies are a natural consequence of the explosive growth of modem science. Standardisation and system make it easier to manage the rapid flow of papers, applications and people. But there are serious downsides. A lot of unproductive effort goes into jumping through bureaucratic hoops(繁文缛节).( 这些专业化倾向是现代科学爆炸式发展的自然结果。标准化和系统使得管理文件、应用程序和人员的快速流动变得更加容易。但也有严重的缺点。大量无用功都耗费在了突破官僚形式的层层桎梏上)”可推断，在作者看来，随着现代科学的发展，年轻人才的选拔受到了影响。故选A项。 【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Albert Einstein’s 1915 masterpiece The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity is the first and still the best introduction to the subject, but it probably wouldn’t be publishable in a scientific journal today.(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦1915年的杰作《广义相对论的基础》是对广义相对论的第一篇也是最好的介绍，但这篇文章可能不会在今天的科学期刊上发表)”可知，第一段是总起，文章围绕着这个问题展开论述，所以这篇文章最好的题目是“Could Einstein’s Work Get Published Today?(爱因斯坦的研究成果今天能发表吗？)”。故选C项。 D篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕自动驾驶汽车事故的法律责任展开，分析相关问题并探讨确保司机正确使用系统的方案。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Research in human-vehicle interaction has shown even systems designed to automate driving are far from being error-proof. (人车交互研究表明，即使是为自动驾驶设计的系统也远非无懈可击)”可知，自动驾驶系统并非不会出错。故选A。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Further, most end users don’t read EULAs. A 2017 study shows 91 percent of people agree to them without reading. Among young people, 97 percent agree without reviewing the terms. (此外，大多数终端用户不会阅读最终用户许可协议（EULAs）。2017年的一项研究显示，91%的人未阅读就同意了协议。在年轻人中，97%的人未查看条款就同意了)”可知，要求买家签署EULAs的问题在于大多数用户未阅读就签署。故选D。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中““Warning fatigue” and distracted driving are also causes for concern. For example, a driver, annoyed after receiving continuous warnings, could decide to just ignore the message.(“警告疲劳”和分心驾驶也令人担忧。例如，司机在收到连续警告后感到厌烦，可能会决定无视这些信息)”可知，遭遇“警告疲劳”时，司机可能会无视反复的警告。故选D。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。文章开篇即点明“the issue of legal liability (法律责任) in the case of an accident has become more relevant (事故发生时的法律责任问题变得更加重要)”，后文围绕自动驾驶汽车事故的法律责任，分析司机对系统的认知不足、EULAs方案的缺陷、“警告疲劳”等问题，并提及司机培训的必要性。核心围绕“自动驾驶汽车出事该谁负责”展开，B选项 “Who’s to Blame if a Self-Driving Car Crashes? (如果自动驾驶汽车撞车，该怪谁？)”能概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选B。 06 浙江省杭州市2026届高三上学期11月教学质量检测（一模） C篇 28. D。 【解析】细节理解题。第二段提到，人工通过卫星图像绘制山体滑坡地图耗时耗力（time-intensive），而Nava的AI方法在卫星图像获取后3小时内就识别出7,000处滑坡，凸显其高效处理海量数据的能力（efficiency）。其他选项与文意不符：A项“预测地震”未提及；B项“低成本”未涉及；C项“替代人工”过度推断，文中仅强调辅助作用。 29. C。 【解析】段落大意题。第四段指出雷达图像难以解读（difficult to interpret），因其灰度图呈现地表特征时可能显得奇怪（appear strange），而AI能辅助分析这些挑战性数据，帮助识别易被忽略的特征。因此，段落核心是解释为何需要AI解读雷达数据（reasons why AI is needed）。A项“卫星运作细节”偏离重点；B项“视觉图像优势”片面；D项“历史应用”未提及。 30. A。 【解析】细节理解题。第五段首句提到Nava“正在开发”（has been developing）AI方法，且试验结果“有前景”（showed promise），但需进一步改进准确性和透明度（more work needed），说明模型仍在开发中（still in development）。B项“仅用一次”与“试验”（trial）矛盾；C项“替代卫星图像”错误，模型需结合卫星数据；D项“意义被低估”无依据。 31. D。 【解析】推理判断题。Nava提到决策者通常非算法开发者，AI的“黑箱”特性（internal logic not transparent）可能导致用户对输出结果犹豫（hesitant to act），暗示需弥合开发者与用户间的认知差距（gap between developers and users）。A项“性能不满意”过度推断；B项“开发者应信任模型”与文意相反；C项“决策者拒绝理解”曲解原文，问题在于AI的透明度不足。 D篇 32. B。 【解析】细节理解题。第二段首句直接指出“Perfectionists love to begin new projects”，因为他们可以沉浸于项目初期的完美幻想，而完成则意味着面对不完美的现实。因此他们倾向于不断开始新项目。A项“看到工作结束”与完美主义行为相反；C项“注重过程而非结果”未提及；D项“高效解决问题”与文意无关。 33. D。 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的解释和例子，该理论描述了人们从远距离（抽象、概括）和近距离（具体、细节）看待事物或事件的方式会不同。因此，与D项“判断随心理距离变化”一致。A项“早期计划简化任务”曲解理论；B项“未完成工作消耗能量”是后文观点；C项“抽象目标动力不足”未提及。 34. C。 【解析】词义猜测题。根据上下文，作者建议重新定义“完成”，不要把项目的完成看作是需要数日或数周才能实现的大事，而应把每一天看作一连串连续的“deliverables”。后面又说“Each ending provides an energy-boost for the next”。由此可推知，“deliverables”在此处指代已经完成的、可交付的小任务。A项“追踪工具”和B项“有价值包裹”偏离语境；D项“要求高的项目”与“small”矛盾。 35. A。 【解析】主旨大意题。文章开篇引用Manguso的话引出一种普遍感受，随后笔锋一转，提出“completion recharges energy”这一核心论点。接着分析了完美主义者难以完成项目的原因，并指出未完成事项才是消耗能量的元凶。最后提出了解决的“窍门”。全文围绕“完成”的真相和益处展开，故A项是最佳标题。B项“不完美的力量”偏离重点；C项“开始项目的指南”片面；D项“日常工作中的完美主义”未突出“完成”的核心。 07 浙江省宁波市2026届高三第一学期高考与选考模拟考试（一模） C篇 【解析】这是一篇说明文。“15分钟城市”理念旨在让日常需求步行或骑行可达、还空间于人，兼具多重益处，但遭不实反对，核心阻力是汽车依赖，其推行需兼顾设计与有效传递可持续人文城市愿景。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“It suggests a move from city planning centered mainly on cars to one focused on “chronic-urbanism”. The goal is to return urban space to people, with more parks and streets for walking.(它主张从主要以汽车为中心的城市规划转向以“慢性城市主义”为核心的规划模式。其目标是将城市空间还给市民，增加更多的公园和步行街道)”可知，“慢性城市主义”为人们提供了更多的空间。故选A。 【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Despite its apparent benefits, opponents have misrepresented the idea online, framing it as a secret government plan to control people’s free movement. While these claims are baseless, they have gained support, influencing public opinion and making it harder for cities like Oxford and Melbourne to carry out the concept.(尽管该计划有明显的好处，但反对者在网上歪曲了这一想法，将其描述为政府控制民众自由行动的秘密计划。尽管这些说法毫无根据，但它们却获得了支持，影响了公众舆论，使得像牛津和墨尔本这样的城市难以推行这一理念)”可知，反对者们认为“15 分钟城市”限制了自由。故选C。 【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“The real issue, however, goes deeper than misinformation. It points to a fundamental problem in urban innovation: the difficulty of imagining a life less dependent on the private car. For decades, the car has symbolized personal freedom and status. Any policy that seems to reduce car use, even if it aims to enhance overall quality of life, can make people feel emotionally upset. This reflects what transport experts call “car dependency”, a cultural and deep-rooted habit that is hard to break.(然而，真正的问题远不止是信息传播不准确这么简单。它揭示了城市创新中一个根本性的难题：难以想象一种不再过度依赖私家车的生活方式。数十年来，汽车一直象征着个人自由和地位。任何看似减少汽车使用量的政策，即便其目的是提升整体生活质量，也会让人们产生情绪上的不适。这反映了交通专家所说的“对汽车的依赖”，这是一种根深蒂固的文化习惯，很难改变)”可知，本段主要讲了一种少依赖汽车的生活方式所带来的挑战。故选A。 【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The experts of a recent study on sustainable transition conclude that the battle for the 15-minute city is not just about planning; it’s about messaging. Success depends not only on smart design but also on effectively conveying its vision of a more sustainable and human urban future.(最近一项关于可持续转型的研究专家得出结论：这场关于打造“15分钟城市”的竞争不仅关乎规划，还关乎宣传策略。成功的关键不仅在于巧妙的设计，还在于有效地传达其对于更可持续、更人性化城市未来的愿景)”可知，最后一段专家们的结论意味着交流与设计同样重要。故选C。 D篇 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕导航能力差异展开，通过双胞胎研究、“海洋英雄任务”实验，说明导航能力受后天经历、文化因素影响更大，男女表现差异源于环境探索机会，且该能力可训练。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, the biggest contributor to people’s performance was what geneticists call “nonshared environmental factors” — the unique experiences each person accumulates as their life unfolds. Good navigators, it appears, are mostly made, not born.(相反，对人们表现影响最大的因素是遗传学家所说的“非共同环境因素”——即每个人在其人生历程中所积累的独特经历。看来，优秀的领航员大多是后天培养出来的，而非天生具备的)”可知，2020年关于双胞胎的研究揭示了关于导航能力是通过经验习得的。故选B。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchers developed a smartphone game, “Sea Hero Quest”, in which players navigate through a virtual environment to locate checkpoints. Based on data from nearly four million players worldwide, they discovered that cultural factors were linked to wayfinding skills.(研究人员开发了一款名为“海洋英雄探险”的智能手机游戏，在游戏中玩家需在虚拟环境中穿梭，寻找各个检查点。通过收集全球近 400 万名玩家的数据，他们发现文化因素与方向辨别能力之间存在关联)”可知，“海中英雄探索”实验是通过分析智能手机游戏数据开展。故选D。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In contrast, men far outperform women in places where women face cultural restrictions on exploring their environment.(相比之下，在那些女性因文化因素而受到限制、无法充分探索自身环境的地区，男性的表现要远远优于女性)”可知，男性在导航方面往往比女性表现得更好是因为女性获得的探索机会更少。故选D。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“David Uttal, a scientist at Northwestern University, has always been poor at finding his way. At 13, he got lost on a Boy Scout hike for two and a half days. The world is full of people like Uttal- and their opposites, the folks who always seem to know exactly where they are and how to get where they want to go.(西北大学的科学家大卫·乌塔尔向来都不擅长辨别方向。在他13岁时，他在一次童子军徒步活动中迷路了整整两天半。这个世界上到处都是像乌塔尔这样的人——以及与他们相反的那种人，后者似乎总是能准确地知道自己所处的位置以及如何到达想去的地方)”结合文章围绕导航（识别路线）能力差异展开，通过双胞胎研究、“海洋英雄任务”实验，说明导航能力受后天经历、文化因素影响更大，男女表现差异源于环境探索机会，且该能力可训练。可知，B选项“为什么有些人总是迷路呢？”符合文章主题，最适合用作标题。故选B。 08 江苏省无锡市2026届秋学期高三期中教学质量调研测试 C篇 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是科学家在脑机接口（BCI）技术领域取得的突破性进展，特别是新研发的内部语音解码器系统。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Previous BCIs have relied on brain activity that is created when a person tries to speak or write, even though their bodies cannot carry out the action. This new technology gets a step closer to the source. “If you just have to think about speech instead of actually trying to speak, it’s potentially easier and faster for people,” (以往的脑机接口（BCI）依赖的是人在试图说话或写字时产生的大脑活动，即便他们的身体无法执行这些动作。而这项新技术更接近问题的根源。“如果人们只需思考说话的内容，而无需实际尝试发声，那么对使用者而言，这可能会更简单、更快捷。”)”可知，以前的脑机接口依赖于一个人试图说话或写字时产生的大脑活动，而新的脑机接口技术只需思考说话，不需要试图说话或写字。所以新BCI系统与以往的不同之处在于它不需要用户试图说话或写字。故选B。 【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Despite this, the signals could be distinguished from each other. With some probability calculations thrown in, the new BCI can recognize up to 125,000 words using only inner speech. (尽管如此，这些信号仍可相互区分。通过引入一些概率计算，新的脑机接口（BCI）仅利用内部语音就能识别多达125,000个单词。)”可知，当志愿者试着说话和只想象单词和短语时，他们的某些大脑模式存在重叠，结合选项可推测出“overlap”指的是“相似性”，即两种情况下大脑模式有相似之处，和Similarity意思相近。故选D。 【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“There’s still a long way to go there, and the BCI often falls far short of that 74 maximum accuracy rating. However, by employing more advanced technology, the researchers are confident that the system can be quickly improved over the next few years .(要达到理想状态仍有很长的路要走，而且脑机接口（BCI）的准确率常常远低于74%这一最高水平。不过，研究人员相信，通过采用更先进的技术，该系统在未来几年内能够得到迅速改进。)”可知，新的BCI的主要问题是准确性，它常常远低于74%的最高准确率。故选C。 【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Scientists are advancing forward in brain-computer interface (BCI) technology, and a newly developed system can translate our thoughts into text or sound. (科学家们在脑机接口（BCI）技术领域不断取得进展，新研发的系统能够将我们的思想转化为文字或声音。)”可知，本文主要讲的是科学家在脑机接口（BCI）技术领域取得的突破性进展，特别是新研发的内部语音解码器系统，因此本文的主旨是A选项“A breakthrough in decoding inner speech. (解码内心语言的突破。)”。故选A。 D篇 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍宁夏贺兰山岩画的历史价值、题材内容、考古调查情况及面临的保护挑战，展现工作人员的保护努力。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Dating back approximately 10,000 to 3,000 years, the carvings describe diverse subjects ranging from natural images like human faces, animals and handprints, to ancient life scenes like hunting and herding.(这些岩画可追溯至约10000至3000年前，题材多样，既有人脸、动物、手印等自然意象，也有狩猎、畜牧等古代生活场景。)”以及第四段中对双手印岩画反映文化延续性的解读可知，研究贺兰山岩画是为了揭示古代当地的生活风貌与文化内涵。故选B项。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Among the carvings, one is characterized by two handprints — one large and the other small. “The handprints likely symbolize ‘me’ and ‘you’, carved into the rock to reach an agreement,” says Zhang Jianguo, deputy director of the administration. He adds that attaching a handprint to documents like contracts was a traditional practice in China, and this rock carving reflects that lasting cultural continuity.(在这些岩画中，有一幅以两个手印为特征——一个大一个小。“这两个手印可能象征着‘我’和‘你’，刻在岩石上以达成某种约定，”该管理处副主任张建国说。他补充道，在中国，在合同等文件上按手印是一种传统做法，这幅岩画反映了这种持久的文化延续性。)”可知，两个手印的特征及相关解读均表明，其代表古代签订约定（类似合同签约）的传统方式。故选C项。 【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Through an experiment, the administration found that even three people carving throughout an entire day left only unclear marks, indicating that a single work likely took multiple generations of prehistoric people to complete.(通过一项实验，管理处发现，即使三个人一整天都在雕刻，也只能留下模糊的痕迹，这表明一件作品可能需要史前人类的好几代人才能完成。)”可知，这幅岩画的创作耗费了漫长时间，是一项长期工程。故选A项。（来源非"学长小姐姐(WX/XHS)"皆为盗版，后果自负） 【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章既介绍了贺兰山岩画的历史文化价值，也重点提及岩画面临风化、雨水侵蚀等保护难题，以及工作人员通过实地调查、修建防洪坝、防护围栏等措施进行保护的努力，体现了“与时间赛跑拯救岩画”的核心，选项A最能概括全文主旨，适合作为标题。故选A项。 09 江苏省苏州市2026届高三第一学期期中阳光调研 C篇 28-31 CDBA 第28题 C。根据上下文，冰川和降雪减少是由气候危机驱动的，因此“dwindling”意为“减少”。 第29题 D。文中提到山区粮食生产依赖冰川融水和降雪，而冰川减少和气候变化加剧了粮食不安全。其他选项虽然提到相关现象，但未直接作为粮食不安全的主要原因。 第30题 B。第三段通过具体数据（如阿尔卑斯山冰川减少40%）强调全球冰川损失的严重性。 第31题 A。文章主要讨论冰川融化对农业灌溉和粮食安全的影响，此标题准确概括了核心内容。 D篇 32-35 DBCD 第32题 D 这道题问的是Laura Lewis及其团队的研究发现。根据文章第二段末尾明确提到：“The results show that both groups preferred watching social interactions over scenes involving individuals—even giving away small rewards to see the former.” 这句话直接指出，无论是人类儿童还是黑猩猩，都更喜欢观看社交互动的场景，甚至愿意放弃小奖励来观看这类场景。选项A（儿童通过观察他人变得更社交）在研究中未被提及；选项B（黑猩猩对观察个体更感兴趣）与原文结论相反；选项C（需要奖励才看视频）也错误，原文是他们愿意“放弃”奖励来看社交场景，而非需要奖励才看。因此，D选项准确概括了研究发现。 第33题 B 这道题询问猕猴和人类对攻击性互动感兴趣的原因。答案定位在第四段，该段在描述猕猴的研究后解释道：“Interest in aggressive interactions, which are likely to reveal shifts in dominance or signal potential threats, supports findings that humans are especially aware of watching conflict in media.” 这句话明确指出，兴趣点在于这些互动能够“揭示支配地位的变化或预示潜在的威胁”。选项A（追逐最新社会趋势）、C（探索朋友的社交生活）和D（展示自身权力）均未在解释原因的部分出现，属于无关或曲解。因此，B选项是原文信息的直接同义转述。 第34题C 这道题考查Gillian Forrester关于声誉损害的观点。根据文章最后一段的第二句话：“In ancient humans and other primates, reputational damage can bar access to food and mates, cause physical conflict and, in extreme cases, lead to potentially deadly rejection.” 这句话列举了声誉损害可能带来的严重后果，其中包括“导致可能致命的排斥（rejection）”。选项C中的“被排斥（being excluded）”正是对“rejection”的准确概括。选项A（影响人类寻找食物的能力）是后果之一，但不够全面；选项B（主要由肢体冲突引起）因果倒置，原文是声誉损害可能导致冲突；选项D（可以避免）在文中完全没有依据。因此，C选项是最准确和全面的。 第35题  D 这道题要求概括文章主旨。文章开篇即提出新观点：观察他人的冲动可能是一种可追溯至数百万年前的社交生存工具。随后，文章通过介绍针对儿童与黑猩猩、猕猴的研究，以及专家的评论，从多个角度论证了“观察他人（社会好奇心）”在灵长类（包括人类）进化过程中的重要性和适应性价值。选项A（真人秀满足好奇心）只是引子，并非主旨；选项B（社会好奇心在童年发展）范围过窄；选项C（灵长类与人类行为相似）是文中的论据，但并非文章最终要说明的核心观点。文章的核心是探讨这种行为背后的“进化根源（evolutionary origins）”，因此D选项最能概括全文中心思想。 10 浙江省温州市普通高中2026届高三第一次适应性考试（一模） C篇 本文围绕全球城市环境转型展开，阐述了城市野生动物不仅得以生存，甚至数量和种类超过农村地区的现象。文章同时分析了城市野生动物繁荣带来的双重影响，介绍了哥本哈根绿色屋顶、野生动物通道等城市创新实践，并指出未来城市与野生动物共存的关键在于将城市重新构想为整合生态系统，秉持共存的适应性思维。 第28题 A 题干询问从第一段可得知关于城市野生动物的什么信息。A选项“多样性有所增加”正确：第一段提到城市野生动物不仅有常见的鸽子、麻雀，还有鹰、猫头鹰，甚至“非本土物种（non-native species）”，说明物种类型更丰富，多样性提升。 第29题 C 题干询问提到“城市生态释放（urban ecological release）”的目的。第二段前文先分析城市适合野生动物的原因：热岛效应创造适宜微气候、食物资源丰富（如多伦多浣熊会开垃圾桶）、自然界天敌减少；后文用“urban ecological release”对上述条件进行概括，本质是为了说明“城市对野生动物的友好性”——正是这些条件让野生动物在城市繁荣。选项A（提出新生态概念）并非目的，该短语是对已有现象的总结而非“新概念”；B（强调城市持续发展）偏离核心，第二段重点是“城市为何适合野生动物”，而非城市发展本身；D（解释生态危害减少）错误，“城市生态释放”是野生动物繁荣的原因，与“生态危害” 无关，故选C。 第30题 B题干询问城市野生动物繁荣能带来什么。B选项“幸福感提升”正确：第三段指出“生物多样性更高的地区，人类自身免疫疾病发病率更低”，且“遇到野生动物的城市居民压力更小、情绪更佳”，这些均属于“幸福感（well-being）”的体现，符合原文。 第31题 D 题干询问城市野生动物共存的关键是什么。D选项“共存的适应性思维”正确：最后一段明确指出“关键是重新构想城市为整合生态系统”，且结尾强调“问题不在于能否共存，而在于是否敢于拥抱这种伙伴关系的可能性”，本质是需要“主动共存的适应性思维”，与选项表述一致。 D篇 本文围绕“为何部分人明知结果有害仍坚持错误选择”展开，介绍了新南威尔士大学布雷斯尔博士的研究，该研究对公共卫生宣传的启示——仅提供信息不足以改变强迫型人群的行为，需制定针对性干预策略。 第32题 A 题干询问参与者在在线学习游戏中需要做什么。原文第二段“participants were asked to click between two planets for rewards or to avoid punishment”（参与者需在两颗行星之间点击，以获得奖励或避免惩罚），本质是“做出选择”，选项A（做出选择）符合核心动作，正确。 第33题 C 题干询问新研究的“惊人发现（striking finding）”，原文第三段提到“when participants were invited back to play the same game six months later, most showed the same behavioural prone. ‘That was striking,’ said Bressel”（六个月后参与者重返游戏，多数仍表现出相同的行为倾向，布雷斯尔称这一现象很惊人）；结合前文“the same behavioural profiles emerged across cultures and ages”（跨文化、跨年龄出现相同的行为模式），可知“行为模式具有一致性（跨文化、跨年龄、跨时间）”是核心惊人发现，选项C正确。 第34题 C 题干询问作者对公共卫生宣传的建议。原文第四段提到“standard information campaigns work for most— but not for everyone”（标准信息宣传对多数人有效，但并非所有人），并提出“For compulsory individuals, we may need different intervention”（对强迫型人群，需不同的干预方式），选项C（制定针对性策略）对应“different intervention”，即根据不同人群（尤其是强迫型）调整策略，正确。 第35题 B 题干要求选择最佳标题，需概括文章核心矛盾即“知晓危害却仍做有害选择”： 文章核心是 “强迫型人群” 明知行为有不良后果（know better），却仍坚持错误选择（doing worse），这是全文的核心逻辑。选项B（知晓更清楚，做得却更差）精准契合核心矛盾，正确。 11 重庆市巴蜀中学2026届高考适应性月考卷（四） C篇 本文是一篇文化类新闻报道，介绍百老汇替补通知条传统正被二维码替代。 28．B 理解具体信息。根据第一段“For theatergoers，it produces an all too familiar sinking feeling．You open your Playbill and a little piece of paper slips out，alerting you that a member of the cast is out and someone unexpected will be performing．”可知，这张纸是演员阵容变更信息，会让剧院观众失望，故选B。 29．B 理解具体信息。根据第四段“A little-noticed provision in a contract…allows shows to announce most cast changes through QR codes printed in Playbills…”可知，该合同允许通过二维码这种数字化方式发布演员阵容变更信息，故选B。 30．C 理解具体信息。根据第五段以及第六段“Julie Benko，a former understudy who caught a break and made it big．”可知，Julie Benko 曾是替补演员，后来获得机会一举成名，故选C。 31．A 文章主旨大意。文章围绕百老汇替补通知条这一传统即将消失展开，介绍其被二维码替代的变化及业内反响，“A Curtain Call for Understudy Slips”（替补通知条的谢幕）能准确概括主旨，故选A。 D篇 本文通过调查数据和专家观点，展示了 Gen Z 如何重新定义职场成功。 32．D 推断。根据文章第三段，Daniel Zhao用早期数据，提示“态度 ≠ 行为”；尽管调查结果显示不少年轻人持保留态度，但其实进入管理层的比率并未显著下降，而且管理仍被普遍视为晋升主路径，故选D。 33．C 推断。根据文章第四段对Gen Z的描述“They are hungry for coaching and welcome in-office collaboration yet also desire the death of the nine-to-five mentality and embrace flexibility. ”可知，他们虽然质疑传统工作制度的一些规定，但还是会积极寻求专业指导、倾向办公室合作的，故选C。 34．C 概括具体信息。根据文章第六段可知，Gen Z在副业中追求passion和identity，同时也会考虑前文提到的灵活性，故选C。 35．A 推断。根据最后一段内容及全文可知，Gen Z并非对职业发展和晋升无欲无求，而是希望在有一定的经济收入保障的前提下从事有意义的工作，故选A。 12 浙江省嘉兴市2025年12月高三教学测试（一模） C篇 本文围绕人类进化的驱动因素展开，提出文化进化而非基因进化是当下推动人类进化的核心力量这一观点，阐述了文化进化相比基因进化的快速性、文化实践的广泛覆盖性，还引用研究者观点佐证文化对人类福祉的重要影响，并预测未来文化将在人类进化中占据主导地位。 28题 答案：B 第二段将基因进化与文化进化进行对比，指出文化进化“can occur within the time it takes to pass a law”（可在一项法律通过的时间内发生），速度极快。结合转折词“in contrast”可知前文的基因进化过程是与之相反的状态，因此“incremental”的含义为“渐进的、逐步的”，与选项B“Gradual”意思一致。 29题 答案：A 第三段提到人类预期寿命的延长“is less often the result of genes and more likely the product of advancements in healthcare and other related aspects”以医疗进步这一文化发展成果为例，直观展现了文化进化对人类的影响，与选项A表述相符。 30题 答案：C 第四段中Waring通过提出设问“what matters more for your personal life outcomes, the genes you are born with, or the country where you live?”，并明确给出结论——人类福祉越来越由文化系统决定，而非生物基因。其表述观点明确、态度笃定，由此可见他的语气是自信的，对应选项C“Confident”。 31题 答案：C 最后一段先提及部分专家认为人类未来会像蚁群一样形成统一整体，随后指出Wood和Waring虽认为目前尚未达到该状态，但预测从长远来看，文化在人类进化中的影响力会持续增强，最终基因会处于次要地位并受文化控制，整段内容聚焦于文化在未来人类进化中的主导地位，对应选项C。 D篇 本文介绍了一项针对哥伦比亚超400万儿童的研究，该研究发现高海拔环境对人体的影响或可预防儿童肥胖，低氧水平可能会促使人体能量消耗增加；同时文章也提及了研究中出现的特殊数据情况、其他专家对研究局限性的看法，以及研究者提出的后续研究方向和公共健康策略建议。 32题 答案：A 文章第二段表明，Losada团队分析了来自1123个城市的416万名5岁及以下儿童的数据，并按照儿童居住的海拔高度将其分为四组，由此可知该研究的分析主要基于分组数据。 33题 答案：B 第三段指出，在海拔3000米以上地区，儿童肥胖发生率反而回升，研究团队认为这一结果“may be a statistical accident”，即这是偶然出现的情况，与选项B“it’s a chance occurrence”表述一致。 34题 答案：C 第四段中David Stensel强调该研究属于观察性研究，这种研究方法无法证明高海拔与预防肥胖之间存在因果关系，同时提到研究虽调整了部分影响因素，但无法覆盖所有变量，这体现了研究方法存在局限性。 35题 答案：A 全文围绕哥伦比亚儿童的研究展开，核心内容是探讨海拔高度与儿童肥胖发生率之间的关联，选项A“Altitude’s Role in Childhood Weight”精准概括了文章主题。 13 浙江省Z20名校联盟（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）2026 届高三第二次联考 C篇 本文介绍了心理学教授布莱恩 迈尔主导的一项新研究，该研究通过三个不同场景的实验，证实了人类存在对标注“天然”标签产品的固有偏好，这种偏好会显著影响人们的实际决策，甚至在存在潜在风险的情况下依然发挥作用。同时，研究团队还提出了未来将深入探索该偏好背后认知与情感机制的研究方向。 28. 答案：C 文中提到此前的相关研究大多依赖假设情景下的自我报告偏好，而布莱恩 迈尔的团队则开展了三个实验，不仅包含实验室场景，还涉及街头路人的真实选择，这说明该研究与早期研究的不同之处在于测试了人们在真实生活情境中的行为。 29. 答案：D 第一个实验中，标有“天然”和“合成”的饮品其实都是相同的水样，但84% 的受试者选择了“天然”款；后两个实验也显示受试者对“天然”标签产品的偏好不受潜在风险、产品类型的影响。由此可以推断，即便产品本身没有实质差异，这种“天然”偏好依然会起作用。 30. 答案：D 根据文章最后一段内容，迈尔及其研究团队指出未来的研究方向是深入探究“天然偏好”背后潜在的认知和情感机制，也就是挖掘这种偏好的隐藏心理机制。 31. 答案：A 全文围绕布莱恩 迈尔的研究展开，核心是证明“天然”标签对人类决策的强大影响，从实验设计到结果分析都紧扣这一主题。A选项既点明了核心要素“天然”的影响力，又概括了“标签影响决策”的研究结论，最适合作为文章标题。 D篇 本文介绍了一项发表在《柳叶刀 儿童与青少年健康》上的研究综述，该综述指出儿童时期接触家用塑料制品中的邻苯二甲酸盐、双酚类和全氟和多氟烷基物质这三类化学物质，会带来显著且持续到成年期的健康风险，同时给出了家庭层面的应对措施，并呼吁出台更严格的非必要塑料制品监管政策，还明确了医疗领域的必要塑料制品不在限制范畴内。 32. 答案：A 根据第二段内容，这类化学物质会引发全身性炎症，还和神经发育问题、智商下降等健康问题相关。结合语境，“derange hormone function”表达的是对激素功能产生负面影响，“disturb”意为“扰乱、干扰”，符合该词在文中的含义。 33. 答案：B 文中提到的减少塑料暴露的措施包括：家庭层面使用玻璃或不锈钢容器替代塑料容器、避免微波加热或用洗碗机清洗塑料制品；政策层面呼吁严格监管非必要塑料制品。文中未提及发起塑料瓶回收活动这一措施。 34. 答案：B 根据文章内容，Trasande认为研究结果证明了达成强有力的联合国全球塑料条约的迫切性，该条约有助于保护环境和人类健康，同时他还指出塑料行业经济价值不能成为监管阻碍，其带来的医疗成本十分高昂。这些表述都体现出他支持对塑料制品进行监管的态度。 35. 答案：C 文章开篇揭示儿童接触塑料中化学物质的健康风险，接着说明相关化学物质的危害和存在场景，随后给出家庭和政策层面的应对办法。整体写作目的是揭示塑料暴露的风险并敦促采取行动，而非呼吁全面禁止塑料生产、强调塑料在医疗中的作用或单纯评估相关疾病的经济成本。 14 江苏省苏州市2026届高三上一轮复习调研（九校联考） C篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了具身认知理论下，“高能量姿势”能直接影响大脑功能、激素水平和决策行为的相关研究，以及该研究对学生应对高压场景的意义和研究人员的相关提醒。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“We often think of confidence as a purely internal mental state, but groundbreaking neuroscience reveals that our body posture directly and rapidly shapes our brain function, stress levels, and willingness to take risks.(我们通常认为自信是一种纯粹的内在心理状态，但突破性的神经科学研究表明，身体姿态会直接且迅速地影响大脑功能、压力水平以及人们承担风险的意愿。)”可知，身体姿势能直接影响人的认知与情绪。故选D。 【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“A 2025 study published in Nature Communications used a combination of fMRI brain scanning, hormone sampling, and behavioral economic games to trace this real-time effect.(2025年发表在《自然·通讯》上的一项研究，结合了功能性磁共振成像大脑扫描、激素采样和行为经济学游戏，来追踪这种实时效应。)”可知，该研究采用了神经扫描与行为测试相结合的方法。故选C。 【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, the lead researcher cautions that posture is a tool, not a magic trick. “The effect is real and physiological (生理的), but it works best as a short-term preparatory strategy to access a more resourceful state. It doesn’t replace competence or preparation, but it can ensure your biological state doesn’t weaken them.”(然而，首席研究员警告说，姿势是一种工具，而不是魔法。“这种效应是真实且生理上的，但它作为短期准备策略来进入更有资源的状态时效果最佳。它不能取代能力或准备，但它可以确保你的生理状态不会削弱它们。”)”可知，首席研究员认为高能量姿势是实际能力的临时辅助手段。故选D。 【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文开篇主题句“We often think of confidence as a purely internal mental state, but groundbreaking neuroscience reveals that our body posture directly and rapidly shapes our brain function, stress levels, and willingness to take risks.(我们通常认为自信是一种纯粹的内在心理状态，但突破性的神经科学研究表明，身体姿态会直接且迅速地影响大脑功能、压力水平以及人们承担风险的意愿。)”以及结尾的总结“The ultimate insight is one of control: we are not passive victims of our nervousness; we can use our own physiology as a gateway to access confidence, changing performance anxiety by starting with the body to influence the mind.(这项研究的终极启示，是关于自我掌控的认知：我们并非自身紧张情绪的被动受害者；我们可以将自身的生理机能作为获取自信的突破口，通过从调节身体状态入手来影响心理，从而缓解表现焦虑。)”可知，全文的核心是阐述身体姿势(生理)与大脑功能、心理状态(如压力、信心、冒险意愿)之间的双向联系与相互影响。故选B。 D篇 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了旧金山、深圳无人驾驶出租已成现实且订单大增，西方法规阻碍其发展，实际它更安全且与有人驾驶互补，松绑监管可促其发展惠民。 【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Driverless taxis have turned from science fiction into daily reality in San Francisco and Shenzhen. Between April and June, Waymo completed 2.2 million autonomous trips in California — five times more than in 2024. Baidu delivered the same number across 16 Chinese cities, doubling its previous figures. These figures show a big change in city transport, promising safer roads and less traffic.(无人驾驶出租车已从科幻小说中的概念变为现实，出现在了旧金山和深圳。在4月至6月期间，Waymo在加利福尼亚州完成了220万次自动驾驶行程——是2024年的五倍之多。百度在16个中国城市完成了同样数量的自动驾驶出行服务，是之前数字的两倍。这些数据表明城市交通发生了重大变化，有望带来更安全的道路和更少的交通拥堵)”可知，机器人出租车技术正在蓬勃发展。故选B。 【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“The rules create two main problems. First, they slow down technical progress. American companies must get permission from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to build cars without pedals or steering wheels — parts humans don’t need when AI drives. The NHTSA also limits each company to only 2,500 such cars per year, blocking the large-scale rollout. Second, local laws directly stop robotaxi services. New York’s Taxi Commission bans autonomous vehicles from paid services. Boston lawmakers want a human safety operator in every car. In Europe, only a few countries allow testing.(这些规定造成了两个主要问题。首先，它们阻碍了技术进步。美国企业若要生产无需踏板和方向盘的汽车（在人工智能驾驶的情况下，人类并不需要这些部件），必须获得国家公路交通安全管理局的许可。此外，美国国家公路交通安全管理局还规定每家公司每年只能生产2500辆此类汽车，这限制了大规模推广的实现。其次，地方法律直接阻碍了自动驾驶出租车服务的开展。纽约的出租车委员会禁止自动驾驶车辆参与有偿服务。波士顿的立法者则希望每辆汽车都配备一名人工安全操作员。在欧洲，只有少数几个国家允许进行测试)”可知，该段主要讲的是相关法规带来的具体障碍。故选C。 【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Demand for human-driven cabs has stayed steady as they remain more available during busy times(对于有人驾驶出租车的需求一直保持稳定，因为在繁忙时段这类出租车更为充足)”以及后文“rather than replace each other(而不是彼此代替)”可知，后文提到说明两种服务不是替代，说明是相互补充的关系。故划线词意思是“补充”。故选A。 【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still, removing regulatory barriers would let companies expand, improve technology, and cut costs — benefiting consumers who want safer city transport.(不过，消除监管障碍将使企业得以扩大规模、改进技术并降低成本——这将惠及那些希望城市交通更加安全的消费者)”以及文章中作者肯定无人驾驶带来更安全道路、更少拥堵；指出多数西方国家法规阻碍发展；反驳安全隐患和失业两大担忧；末段说解除监管壁垒能让企业扩张、降本，惠及消费者。可知，作者对机器人出租车服务的发展持支持态度。故选A。 15 四川省成都市2026届高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测（一模） C篇 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是Chemosphere House的相关信息。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Malin’s background in aerospace engineering likely inspired Lautner’s exploration of “structural lightness” and “mechanical stability,” laying the groundwork for the building’s revolutionary design.(Malin的航空航天工程背景很可能激发了Lautner对“结构轻盈感”和“机械稳定性”的探索，为这座建筑的革命性设计奠定了基础。)”可知，Chemosphere House的设计理念可能源自马林（Malin）的职业背景。故选C。 【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Known also as the Malin Residence, the Chemosphere is a unique octagonal (八角形的) structure supported by a single concrete column.(Chemosphere也被称为Malin Residence，它是一个独特的八角形结构，由一根混凝土柱支撑。)”和“a clever response(巧妙回应)”可知，这个结构是对场地限制的回应，constraints意为“限制”，和Restrictions意思相近。故选B。 【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Its single concrete pillar support system is still as much a conversation starter now as it was in 1960, serving as a tangible reminder of an era when architects dared to reimagine how buildings interact with their environments.(它那单一的混凝土支柱支撑系统，如今依然像1960年时一样引人瞩目、成为人们热议的话题，它切实地提醒着人们那个建筑师敢于重新构想建筑与环境互动方式的时代。)”可知，今天，Chemosphere House的意义是激发创新精神。故选A。 【31题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Situated high above the Los Angeles skyline, the Chemosphere House stands as evidence to architectural innovation. Designed by architect John Lautner in 1960, this modernist house charms with its futuristic shape and innovative engineering, reflecting Lautner’s philosophy of integrating architecture with the environment.(Chemosphere House高耸于洛杉矶天际线之上，是建筑创新的有力见证。这座由建筑师约翰·劳特纳（John Lautner）于1960年设计的现代主义住宅，以其未来感十足的造型和创新工程魅力非凡，体现了劳特纳将建筑与环境融为一体的设计理念。)”可知，本文主要的目的是介绍Chemosphere House这个与环境融为一体的建筑，故选B。 D篇 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了波士顿大学林晨阳的研究证实，强情绪事件会强化记忆，大脑还会关联相似事物；其试验验证 “标记捕获” 理论，奖励对初始弱记忆提升效果显著。 【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“So, when he hiked in New Hampshire last year, he was amazed by the squirrels in towering trees. That hike is stuck in Lin’s memory. So, oddly, are the more familiar chickens he saw on the way to the hike.(因此，去年他去新罕布什尔州徒步时，被高大树木上的松鼠所吸引，深感震撼。那次徒步的经历深深地印在了林的记忆中。所以，奇怪的是，他在去远足的路上所见到的那些常见的鸡也是这样的情况)”以及第二段“The brain even seems to connect similar things and events together. That’s probably why Lin remembers chickens along with those cool squirrels.(大脑似乎还会将相似的事物和事件联系起来。这或许就是林能将鸡和那些令人惊奇的松鼠联系在一起的原因)”可知，林记住松鼠（强记忆），连带记住沿途熟悉的鸡，二者被大脑联系在一起。故选D。 【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Since the 1990s, researches have suggested that pairing a weak memory with a strong one can strengthen it — a theory called “tag and capture”. Everyday memories leave neuronal (神经元的) tags that disappear within hours. But a powerful memory triggers a protein storm in the hippocampus (海马体). Then the tagged neurons capture those proteins, thus gluing weak memories to powerful ones.(自20世纪90年代起，研究表明，将模糊记忆与深刻记忆关联可强化前者 —— 这一理论被称为“标记捕获”。日常琐事留下的神经元标记数小时内便会消失，而强烈记忆会触发海马体产生蛋白风暴，带标记的神经元会捕获这些蛋白质，从而将模糊记忆牢牢绑定在深刻记忆上)”可知，第三段主要讲的是这一现象背后的理论。故选C。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Receiving a big reward after seeing animals improved people’s memories of those animals by about 5 percent, compared with those getting small rewards. However, big rewards for tools had no effect. Lin suspects that’s because people formed stronger early memories of the tools than the animals.(在看过动物并得到高额奖励后，参与者对这些动物的记忆提高了约 5%（相比之下，获得小额奖励的参与者记忆能力没有变化）。然而，对于工具的奖励却没有产生任何效果。林推测，这是因为人们对工具形成的早期记忆比对动物的记忆更为深刻)”可知，奖励对初始记忆薄弱的事物有强化作用。故选D。 【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“But this is among the first papers to show that weak memories are more likely to get captured when they relate to the strong memory.(但这是首次能够证明此类结论的研究论文之一：即当弱记忆与强记忆相关联时，它们更有可能被“捕获”下来)”可知，约瑟夫认为这项研究的研究成果具有开创性意义。故选C。 16 湖南省长沙市长郡中学2026届高三月考试卷（五） C篇 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了AI 同伴在青少年中普及率高，并围绕其吸引力、青少年对它的依恋倾向，客观分析其对青少年的支持作用与安全、隐私风险。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The language that AI companions use, the responses they make, and the empathy they exude (流露) can make a user feel as though they truly understand and sympathize. These chatbots can make someone feel liked or even loved. They are programmed to help users feel like they’ve made a real connection. (AI伴侣使用的语言、做出的回应以及流露出的同理心，会让用户觉得他们真正被理解和同情。这些聊天机器人能让人感到被喜欢甚至被爱。它们被编程来让用户觉得他们建立了真正的联系)”可知，青少年使用AI伴侣是为了获得被真正理解的感觉。故选B项。 【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“But a fascinating Stanford University study of students who use the app Replika found that 81 percent considered their AI companion has “intelligence”, and 90 percent thought it “human-like”. (但斯坦福大学一项针对使用Replika应用程序的学生的有趣研究发现，81%的学生认为他们的AI伴侣具有“智能”，90%的学生认为它“像人类”)”可知，大多数青少年因将AI 同伴视为“有智力、类人”而倾向于产生依恋。故选A项。 【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“On the plus side, these companions are sometimes touted (吹捧) for their supportiveness and promotion of mental health; (从积极的一面来看，这些伴侣有时因其支持性和促进心理健康而受到吹捧)”以及第五段“A Florida mother has accused the company that owns Character.AI, claiming the chatbot encouraged her 14-year-old son to attempt suicide. (一位佛罗里达州的母亲起诉了拥有Character.AI的公司，声称该聊天机器人鼓励她14岁的儿子自杀)”可知，作者既提到了AI伴侣的积极影响，也提到了其潜在风险，由此可知作者的态度是客观的。故选C项。 【31题详解】主旨大意题。文章开头对比真实人际关系的复杂，引出青少年将AI陪伴程序当作另类交往对象；后文既讲了积极影响(情感支持、社交练习)，也讲了消极影响(安全隐患、隐私问题)，D项“人工智能伴侣：青少年对真实关系的替代选择”全面覆盖了文章的核心内容，最适合作为文章标题。故选 D项。 D篇 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了乌鸦在几何图形识别方面的天赋并分析乌鸦进化出形状识别能力的原因。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Lately, a special study has expanded this list further, revealing that crows can recognize basic geometric features, such as side lengths, parallel lines, and right angles, and tell apart shapes like stars, crescents, squares, and irregular four-sided figures.(最近，一项特别的研究进一步扩充了这一能力清单，揭示乌鸦能够识别基本的几何特征，比如边长、平行线和直角，还能区分星形、新月形、正方形以及不规则四边形等形状。)”可知，最近的研究揭示了乌鸦能区分几何中的基本形状。故选B。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At first, the researchers made the outlier obvious, such as one flower among five crescents. As the birds got used to the task, the shapes became more similar including squares and irregular four- sided figures. Despite the increasing difficulty, the crows continued to identify the outlier correctly.(起初，研究人员让异类形状十分明显，比如五个新月形中混入一个花朵形状。随着鸟儿逐渐适应这项任务，展示的形状变得更为相似，包括正方形和不规则四边形。尽管难度不断增加，乌鸦仍能持续正确地识别出异类。)”可知，研究人员是通过增加图形之间的相似性来提高任务的难度。故选D。 【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“The birds may have also developed this ability to help them search for food or identify other individual crows — including potential mates—based on their facial features. “All these abilities, at the end of the day, from a biological point of view, have evolved because they provide a survival advantage or a reproductive advantage,” says study senior author Andreas Nieder, a neurophysiologist at the University of Tübingen in Germany.(这些鸟类或许也进化出了这种能力，以便帮助它们寻找食物或识别其他乌鸦——包括潜在的配偶——的方法就是依据它们的面部特征。该研究的资深作者、德国图宾根大学的神经生理学家安德烈亚斯·尼德尔说：“从生物学的角度来看，所有这些能力之所以进化出来，是因为它们能带来生存优势或繁殖优势。”)”等内容可知，第三段主要分析了乌鸦进化出形状识别能力的原因。故选B。 【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the future, researchers hope to explore which areas of the birds’ brains are responsible for their exceptional ability in geometry.(未来，研究人员希望探究鸟类大脑中哪些区域负责它们卓越的几何能力。)”可知，未来研究的后续步骤是调查与几何技能相关的乌鸦大脑区域。故选A。 17 河北省唐山市2026届高三12月期中考试 C篇 本文是一篇戏剧评论。主要介绍改编自简·奥斯汀经典小说的话剧《傲慢与偏见》，其创新视角、表现形式及带给观众的思考。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The show begins with actors dressed as servants, directly engaging the audience. This unique opening instantly highlights the servants’presence and importance, making audiences question their usual assumptions about who truly matters in a story. (话剧以装扮成仆人的演员开场，直接与观众互动。这个独特的开场立即凸显了仆人的存在和重要性，让观众质疑他们通常对故事中真正重要的人物的固有看法。)”可知，话剧的开场挑战了观众的固有假设，故选D项。 【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The play, written and directed by Isobel McArthur, creatively reimagines the story from the perspective of the often-overlooked servants. It challenges audiences to reflect on how these background characters, usually nameless and silent, actually influence the plot. (这部由伊莎贝尔 麦克阿瑟编剧并执导的话剧，以常被忽视的仆人为视角，对原著故事进行了富有创意的重新构想。它促使观众反思这些通常无名无姓、沉默寡言的背景人物，究竟是如何实际影响剧情发展的。)可知，仆人在故事中虽常被忽视，但实际发挥着重要作用，因此“被低估的”最能描述其角色特点。故选B项。 【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“For those who have seen the play, it offers a pleasant experience. Beyond the laughter and enjoyment, it encourages a deeper understanding of Austen’s world. (对于看过这部话剧的观众而言，它带来了一段愉悦的体验。除了欢笑与乐趣之外，这部剧还能促使人们更深入地理解奥斯汀笔下的世界。)”以及“The play effectively reminds us that every individual, regardless of their social status, plays a significant role in the grand narrative (叙事) of life. It inspires us to pay more attention to the often-unacknowledged contributions of others. (这部话剧有力地提醒我们：无论社会地位如何，每个人在人生的宏大叙事中都扮演着重要角色。它还激励我们更加关注他人那些常被忽视的贡献。)”可知，作者认为这部话剧既带来了娱乐享受，又能引发观众的深刻思考，兼具趣味性和洞察力，故选A项。 【31题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，作者介绍了话剧的改编亮点、表现形式（开场、音乐），并分享了自己及观众的观剧感受与思考，符合“评论”的文体特征——对作品进行评价、分析并表达个人观点。故选A项。 D篇 本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了一项关于阿拉伯半岛北部远古岩画的最新考古研究发现。文章指出这些大型岩画是早期人类在末次盛冰期后重返该地区时创作的，不仅具有艺术价值，更可能标志着水源、路线、领地权和文化身份，为了解古代人类适应气候变化和创造文化提供了关键证据。 【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“The engravings, which depict animals such as camels, gazelles, and aurochs, include 130 highly detailed and life-sized figures, some reaching up to 3 meters long and more than 2 meters tall. (这些雕刻depict骆驼、瞪羚和原牛等动物，其中有130个细节丰富、与实物大小一致的形象，有些长达3米，高逾2米)”可知，雕刻呈现出多种动物形象，depict在此处的意思是“描绘、刻画”，与Describe含义相近。故选B项。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“The rock art marks water sources and movement routes, possibly symbolizing territorial rights and international memory. (这些岩石艺术标记了水源和迁徙路线，可能象征着领土权利和国际记忆)”可知，这些岩画的一个潜在目的是象征对土地的占领。故选C项。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Unlike previously known sites where engravings were hidden in cracks, the Jebel Mleiha and the Jebel Arnaan panels were carved onto towering rock walls, some up to 39 meters high, in visually commanding locations to ensure they could be seen from great distances. (与以往发现的藏在裂缝中的雕刻不同，杰贝尔·姆莱哈和杰贝尔·阿尔南的雕刻被刻在高达39米的高耸岩壁上，这些位置视觉上十分醒目，以确保能从很远的地方看到它们)”可知，选高处雕刻是为了让雕刻作品更醒目，确保它们能从很远的地方被看到。故选A项。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The project has begun to fill a critical gap in the archaeological record of northern Arabia between the periods of LGM and the Holocene. It helps people understand how early desert communities adapted to ancient climate changes and created new things. (该项目填补了末次盛冰期至全新世期间阿拉伯北部考古记录的重大空白，助力人们了解早期沙漠族群如何适应古代气候变化并进行创新)”以及文章内容可知，全文通过介绍岩画的年代、所处环境、可能的功能以及考古学家的评价，重点揭示了这些远古岩画的历史意义——即它们为了解早期人类如何适应环境、建立文化身份和领地意识提供了关键证据。故选C项。 18 江苏省南通市2026届高三新高考基地学校第一次大联考 C篇 本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了一种特殊的蚂蚁寄生行为：某些雌性寄生蚂蚁不会通过直接打斗夺取蚁后位置，而是先伪装混入目标蚁群，再向蚁后喷洒特殊化学物质，诱使蚁群工蚁攻击并杀死自己的蚁后，最终寄生蚂蚁取而代之成为新蚁后，还被工蚁侍奉并协助抚育后代。 28. 答案：D 第一段先引用生物学家的观点，指出蚂蚁是最好战的动物，蚁群间的争斗规模超过人类部分战役，随后用转折词but引出核心内容 —— 有时蚁群并非败于直接打斗，而是败于阴谋诡计，甚至蚁群成员会被诱骗杀死自己珍贵的蚁后。 该段的写作目的是通过对比引出全文核心话题，而非强调蚂蚁好战或争斗规模大，选项 D 与段落核心主旨一致。 29. 答案：B 定位到第三段，前文提到寄生雌蚁需要伪装才能混入目标蚁群，而蚂蚁主要依靠化学信号辨别敌我，因此雌蚁需要通过接触目标蚁群的工蚁获取所需的气味。后文紧接着说明 “Takasuka 的团队在实验室里给了雌蚁这样做的机会”。 这里的this指代的就是前文提到的 “获取必要气味” 这一行为，对应选项 B。 30. 答案：C 定位到第四段，文中明确描述了寄生雌蚁的行动过程 —— 伪装混入蚁群找到蚁后，向蚁后喷洒化学物质，之后撤离。而喷洒化学物质带来的直接效果是：原本忠心护主的工蚁突然反过来猛烈攻击蚁后，直到蚁后死亡。 选项 A 是喷洒后的后续动作，并非直接结果；选项 B 是蚁后死后的情况；选项 D 与原文 “工蚁杀死蚁后” 的表述不符，因此答案为 C。 31. 答案：A 定位到最后一段，研究人员将这种蚂蚁称为 “让后代杀死本应不可或缺的母亲的寄生虫”。前文提到寄生蚂蚁诱使工蚁杀死原蚁后，后文则说明原蚁群的工蚁会接纳寄生蚂蚁成为新蚁后，保护她并帮助抚育她的后代。 这一行为完全符合 “寄生虫” 的特征 —— 利用宿主资源繁衍自身后代，选项 A 准确概括了这一含义。 D篇 本文是一篇科技说明文，主要介绍了一款名为 PRIMA 的视网膜植入设备。文章依次说明了该设备的工作原理、使用方式、临床试验效果，同时也指出了它目前存在的局限性，展现了这款设备在改善年龄相关性黄斑变性患者视力方面的突破与不足。 32. 答案：C 定位到第二段对 PRIMA 的描述 ——“being photovoltaic, the light particles that activate it also provide the energy source for generating its electrical output”。这句话明确表明，PRIMA 是光电式设备，激活它的光粒子同时也是其产生电输出的能量来源，也就是光粒子既激活设备又为其供能，选项 C 与原文表述完全一致。干扰项排除：A 选项 “只需少量训练就能达到最佳效果” 与原文 “take months of intensive training”（需要数月的强化训练）矛盾；B 选项 “让眼镜向其传输普通图像” 与原文 “changes them into patterns of invisible light”（将图像转换成不可见光图案）不符；D 选项 “通过替换受损细胞恢复正常视力”，原文仅说明设备改善了视力，并未提及能恢复到正常水平。 33. 答案：D 定位到第三段临床试验结果 ——“32 of the participants were tested a year after implantation... Overall, most participants’ vision came close to the resolution that PRIMA can achieve”。该句表明，一年后接受测试的受试者中，大多数人的视力都接近了 PRIMA 设备所能达到的最佳分辨率，也就是达到了该设备的最佳效果水平，对应选项 D。干扰项排除：A 选项 “设备对患者立竿见影”，原文未提及效果是即时产生的；B 选项 “38 名受试者一年后视力均改善”，原文明确是 32 名受试者接受了一年后的测试，且其中 26 人视力有临床意义上的改善，并非全部 38 人；C 选项 “患者能看清视力表上的两行”，原文是 “being able to see two lines further down”（能多看两行），而非只能看清两行。 34. 答案：B 定位到第四段关于 PRIMA 局限性的内容，文中明确提到三点： 视力改善的说服力不足，需要和随机治疗组对比才能更有可信度；阅读速度慢，无法流畅阅读；只能呈现黑白视觉，没有色彩。选项 A、C、D 均被提及，只有B选项“频繁的眼部不适”在文中没有任何相关表述，因此答案为 B。 35. 答案：A通读全文，文章前半部分介绍了 PRIMA 的优势和临床试验取得的突破（进步），后半部分则重点阐述了它存在的局限性，整体内容既讲了进展也讲了不足。选项 B “PRIMA 如何改善视力” 只覆盖了部分内容；选项 C“PRIMA：针对 AMD 失明的一项训练” 偏离核心，训练只是使用设备的配套要求；选项 D“PRIMA：AMD 患者的新生活” 过于片面，未提及设备的局限性。只有选项 A 能全面概括全文主旨。 19 江苏省南京市、盐城市2026届高三第一次模拟考试 C篇 本文介绍了一项发表在《自然》杂志上的科学研究。研究发现，澳大利亚的一片湿热带雨林在过去约25年里，因树木死亡速度加快，已从一个吸收二氧化碳的“碳汇”转变为一个释放更多碳的“碳源”。这可能是气候变化（如气温升高、空气干燥、水资源短缺）导致的生态系统衰退的迹象，并可能预示着全球其他热带雨林未来的命运。 28. D 文章开篇即指出热带雨林通常是“碳汇”，但澳大利亚这片雨林正在做相反的事。第二段明确陈述了研究发现：“researchers found the forest is releasing more carbon than it absorbs, and this switch happened about 25 years ago.”（研究人员发现，这片森林释放的碳比吸收的更多，这种转变发生在大约25年前。）整个研究的核心就是观察并证实其碳平衡（从吸收大于释放到释放大于吸收）的变化。因此D选项正确。 29. A 第三段直接解释了这种转变背后的原因：“this shift indicates that trees in this Australian rainforest are dying faster than they were decades ago”（这种转变表明，这片澳大利亚雨林中的树木死亡速度比几十年前更快了）。选项A“树木死亡率上升”是原文的同义转述。其他选项（稳定的天气模式、适度的热带降雨、瞬间的生态系统崩溃）均未提及或与文意不符。 30. C 划线词所在句子为：“The wet tropics in Australia occupy a bit of a warmer, drier climate space than tropical forests on other continents, thus potentially serving as an analog for what tropical forests will experience in other parts of the world”（澳大利亚的湿热带地区的气候比其他大陆的热带森林更温暖、更干燥，因此可能作为一个类比，预示世界其他地区热带森林将经历的情况）。根据上下文，澳大利亚雨林目前的状况（变暖、变干）可以被视为未来其他地区热带森林可能发生情况的“类似例子”或“参照”。因此C选项“Similar example”最准确。 31. A文章最后一段引用了Raphael Trouve的观点：“‘It allows us to put the theory up against reality and better understand how these systems work.’”（“它使我们能够将理论与现实对照，并更好地理解这些系统是如何运作的。”）这说明他认为这类长期数据集有助于检验理论、揭示现实情况，从而获得对生态系统运作的真正理解。A选项“它们提供了对真相的洞察”准确概括了这一观点。B选项（提供解决方案）、C选项（与普遍看法一致）、D选项（独立于历史数据）均不符合他的原意。 D篇 本文介绍了一种名为“果冻冰”的新型冷却材料，由加州大学戴维斯分校的研究人员开发。这种材料由90%的水制成，具有与传统冰类似的冷却效果，但不会融化成液体，且可重复使用、可生物降解。文章阐述了其特性、优势（如环保、减少细菌传播风险）、开发过程、潜在应用（如食品保鲜、医疗运输）以及当前仍需进一步开发才能上市的情况。 32. C文章第二段末尾明确提到：“We can reuse the material and maintain the heat absorbance across multiple cooling and warming cycles, an advantage that regular ice cannot offer.”（我们可以重复使用这种材料，并在多次冷却和升温循环中保持吸热能力，这是传统冰无法提供的优势。）这表明重复使用是果冻冰相对于传统冰的一个显著优点。因此C选项正确。虽然D选项“冷却效率”在文中有所提及，但原文指出果冻冰的冷却效率最高达到传统冰的80%，并非优势，故不选。 33. D第三段提到研发初衷是为了减少融水传播细菌的风险，但未明确说明材料本身无菌；第四段则指出：“It doesn’t contribute to microplastic pollution, even offering a side benefit of improving tomato plant growth when added to soil.”（它不会造成微塑料污染，甚至当添加到土壤中时，还能改善番茄植株的生长。）这暗示果冻冰对环境有积极影响，降低了污染风险。因此D选项正确。A选项“延长番茄生长周期”是对原文“改善生长”的曲解；B选项“采用无菌材料”未直接提及；C选项“缩短冷冻时间”文中未涉及。 34. B最后一段指出：“Although licenses for the technology have already been secured, jelly ice is not yet available for public purchase. It still requires market analysis, product design, and large-scale production testing.”（尽管技术许可证已经获得，但果冻冰尚未公开销售。它仍然需要市场分析、产品设计和大规模生产测试。）这说明果冻冰还需进一步开发才能推向市场。因此B选项正确。A选项“官方批准正在进行中”与原文“许可证已获得”不符；C选项“传统冰将很快消失”未提及；D选项“其他天然聚合物将可用”只是研究方向，并非定论。 35. C文章开篇即点明果冻冰的核心特点：“a reusable and biodegradable alternative that cools like ice but never melts into liquid”（一种可重复使用、可生物降解的替代品，冷却效果像冰，但从不融化成液体）。全文围绕这一不会融化的冷却材料展开介绍。因此C选项最适合作标题。A选项“控制细菌的游戏规则改变者”并非文章焦点；B选项“我们可以订购的冷却替代品”与最后一段“尚未公开销售”矛盾；D选项“减少生物污染的快速解决方案”过于片面，未突出核心特性。 20 江苏省南通市、泰州市、镇江市 2026 届高三学业质量监测 C篇 本文介绍了一项关于短信缩写（如“hru?”）对人际沟通影响的心理学研究。研究发现，尽管绝大多数人使用并认为自己不介意缩写，但接收者普遍认为使用缩写显得发送者不够真诚、付出努力较少，从而导致沟通质量下降、对话更快结束，并可能削弱社交联结。研究者Fang指出，缩写的影响取决于语境：在需要加深关系或留下好印象时应避免滥用，但在一些随意场合（如联系快递员）则适用。 28. What do the findings indicate about texting abbreviations? 答案：A. They make senders seem insincere. 文章第一段结尾指出，发一个快速的“hru?”可能不如花时间拼写出“How are you?”显得真诚（“as genuine”）。第五段的研究结论也明确指出，短信缩写会降低感知到的努力，进而导致感知到的真诚度降低（“decreasing perceived effort, which in turn leads to lower perceived sincerity”）。因此，研究发现表明缩写会让发送者显得不够真诚。A选项是原文核心发现的同义转述。 29. What do texters commonly assume about abbreviations? 答案：B. They would not bother others. 第三段明确给出了数据：“84% believe others don’t mind them”（84%的人认为别人不介意它们）。也就是说，发信息的人通常假设缩写不会打扰/困扰他人。B选项“They would not bother others”是原文“don’t mind them”的准确同义替换。 30. Fang’s research reveals that the use of abbreviations is perceived as _____. 答案：B. a lower effort from the sender 第五段直接陈述了研究结论：“Our research reveals that texting abbreviations negatively affect interpersonal communication by decreasing perceived effort”（我们的研究揭示，短信缩写通过降低感知到的努力对人际沟通产生负面影响）。因此，使用缩写会被接收者感知为发送者付出了更少的努力。B选项是原文信息的直接提取。 31. What is Fang’s view on using abbreviations? 答案：C. It depends on the context. 最后两段阐述了Fang的观点。他并没有主张完全停止使用缩写（But he doesn’t believe people should stop using abbreviations altogether）。相反，他指出：“We often tailor the effort we put into conversations to match the significance of the relationship.”（我们通常会根据关系的重要性来调整在对话中投入的努力。）他举例说明，在给快递司机发信息时少花精力是合理的，但在需要加强社交联系或留下好印象时（如关系初期），研究结果就特别相关。这清晰地表明，他认为使用缩写取决于具体情境（上下文）。C选项准确概括了这一观点。 D篇 本文探讨了生成式人工智能（如谷歌和OpenAI的AI视频工具）在创建内容时可能大量使用受版权保护材料所引发的争议。文章介绍了一款名为Trace ID的工具，它能检测AI生成内容与版权材料的重合度，并以《神秘博士》和詹姆斯·邦德电影为例展示了检测结果。文章进一步讨论了创意工作者对此的担忧（要求补偿和授权），并引用Vermillio负责人Kathleen Grace的观点，指出建立一个能够共享和追踪内容的公平生态系统，将使版权方和AI公司共同受益。 32. What issue is presented at the beginning of the passage? 答案：D. Copyrighted materials are used in AI-generated content. 文章开头以AI视频工具生成的《神秘博士》风格影片为例，引出一个问题：这些工具究竟在多大程度上依赖他人的艺术创作来产生自己的“发明”？第二段最后一句明确点出核心：“The problem is working out how much AI tools... rely on someone else’s art to come up with their own inventions.”（问题在于弄清楚AI工具在多大程度上依赖他人的艺术来完成自己的发明。）这直接指向了“AI生成内容中使用版权材料”的问题。因此D选项正确。 33.What is paragraph 3 mainly about? 答案：B. How Trace ID works. 第三段详细描述了Trace ID平台的功能：“can detect the percentage...”（能够检测百分比），“One of the platform’s abilities is to create neural fingerprints...”（该平台的能力之一是创建神经指纹），“These fingerprints act as digital identifiers...”（这些指纹作为数字标识符），“By comparing this fingerprint... it can determine...”（通过比较这个指纹，它可以确定……）。整段都在解释Trace ID如何运作来检测重合度。因此B选项正确。 34.What does the underline word “remuneration” in paragraph 5 mean? 答案：B. Pay. 划线词所在句子为：“They argue AI tools build on their work without remuneration, producing competing creations...”（他们争辩说，AI工具在没有报酬的情况下建立在他们的作品之上，生产出竞争性创作……）。前一句提到创意专业人士要求“compensation”（补偿）。因此，“without remuneration”应与“without compensation”同义，即“没有报酬”。选项B “Pay”（报酬）是唯一符合语境的词义。 35. What message does Kathleen Grace want to convey? 答案：C. A fair data-sharing ecosystem benefits all. 最后一段中，Kathleen Grace说：“We can all win if we just take a beat and figure out a way to share and track content.”（如果我们能稍停一下，找出一种共享和追踪内容的方法，我们都能赢。）她进一步解释说，这将鼓励版权方释放更多数据给AI公司，而AI公司也能获得更有趣的数据集，最终形成一个“amazing ecosystem”（惊人的生态系统）。她的核心信息是建立一个公平的数据共享生态系统对所有人都有利。C选项准确概括了这一观点。 21 江苏省苏北四市（徐连淮宿）2026届高三第一次调研测试（一模） C篇 本文探讨了秋季落叶的处理问题，批驳了为求整洁而清扫落叶的做法。文章通过引用树木委员会、野生动物信托基金等机构专家的观点与经验，阐述了落叶在生态系统中的重要作用：为蚯蚓、刺猬、昆虫等野生动物提供食物和庇护所，为土壤和树木自身提供养分与水分。文章建议通过将落叶堆放在特定区域、切碎或直接保留等方式，在满足园艺美观需求的同时维护生态平衡，强调落叶是健康花园的“免费帮手”，不应被视为垃圾。 28. What does “a mixed blessing” imply in paragraph 1? 答案：D. Fallen leaves are beautiful but annoying. 短语“a mixed blessing”意为“喜忧参半的事物”。第一段紧接着对其进行了解释：金秋落叶起初很美（beautiful），但很快变褐变软（brown and mushy），这让许多人想把它们扔掉（want to throw them away）。这正是“美丽但恼人”的体现，与园艺爱好者对“整洁”的追求相矛盾。因此D选项正确。 29. What is Jon Stokes’ attitude towards leaf sweeping? 答案：B. Opposed. 第二段中，Jon Stokes明确表示“It’s not necessary.”（这没必要）。并分享个人经验：“I’ve never once swept a leaf”（我从未扫过一次落叶）。他进一步建议：“Don’t take them away... because you’ll have just taken all that goodness out of your garden.”（不要把落叶带走……因为那样你就把所有的养分从花园里带走了。）这些直接且强硬的表述都清晰地表明了他对清扫落叶的反对态度。因此B选项正确。 30. According to Oliver Fry, what should we do with fallen leaves? 答案：C. Pile them in certain areas. 第四段引用了Oliver Fry的建议：“suggests piling leaves in dry spots for hedgehogs or wet areas for frogs.”（建议将落叶堆在干燥的地方供刺猬使用，或堆在潮湿的地方供青蛙使用。）这正是C选项“将它们堆放在特定区域”所描述的做法。因此C选项正确。 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? 答案：A. Leave the Leaves 全文的核心建议和主旨就是：不要清扫落叶，让它们留在花园里发挥生态作用。从Jon Stokes的“never once swept a leaf”，到解释落叶对野生动物的价值，再到专家提供的“堆积”、“切碎”等替代清扫的方案，都围绕着“保留落叶”这一中心思想。A选项“Leave the Leaves”（把落叶留下）简洁有力地概括了这一主题。其他选项均未能准确抓住文章核心建议。 D篇 本文为一篇科普性报道，探讨了发酵食品（以酸菜为例）在美国饮食中的地位变化及其健康益处。文章指出，酸菜等发酵食品正从传统的配角转变为健康饮食的焦点。科学家研究发现，发酵食品能增加肠道微生物多样性、降低炎症、并提供更易吸收的营养。同时，市场数据显示，随着消费者对肠道健康和天然食品的关注度上升，发酵食品的销售额显著增长。文末指出，关于不同发酵食品的具体益处和最佳发酵方式，仍有待进一步科学研究。 32. How was Sauerkraut traditionally viewed in the Americans’ diet before? 答案：C. Minor. 文章开篇第一句明确提到：“Sauerkraut has long been a bit player in the American diet...”（酸菜长期以来在美国饮食中只是一个小角色/配角……）。短语“a bit player”直接表明了其传统地位是次要的、不重要的。因此C选项“Minor”（次要的）正确。 33. How does the author show the benefits of fermented foods? 答案：D. By presenting research results. 文章第二段通过引用多项具体的科学研究来阐述发酵食品的益处。例如：“When researchers at Stanford put people on a diet... they found...”（当斯坦福大学的研究人员让人们进行一种饮食……他们发现……）；“Maria Marco... found in lab that...”（玛丽亚·马尔科在实验室中发现……）。这些都是通过呈现研究结果的方式来展示好处，而非通过案例分析、原因分析或简单举例。因此D选项正确。 34. What can we learn from paragraph 3? 答案：C. Fermented foods are gaining popularity. 第三段的核心信息是发酵食品的市场接受度在提高。段首指出消费者对肠道健康和低加工食品的担忧推动了对发酵食品的兴趣（driving consumers’ interest）。接着提到更多公司涉足发酵领域，并创造口味更温和的产品以赢得消费者。最后用市场销售数据佐证：销售额在四年间增长了约27%。所有这些都指向一个结论：发酵食品正变得越来越受欢迎。因此C选项正确。 35. What can be inferred from Dalia Perelman’s words? 答案：A. Much research remains to be done.Dalia Perelman在最后一段说：“But there’s still a lot that scientists need to learn about fermented foods... We’re trying to figure out if...”（但是关于发酵食品，科学家们还有很多需要了解……我们正试图弄清楚是否……）。她列举了一系列尚未明确的问题（哪些更好、最佳发酵类型、起健康作用的具体原因）。这清楚地表明，尽管已有积极发现，但大量的研究工作仍有待完成。因此A选项正确。 22 辽宁省大连市2026届高三上学期期末双基模拟考试 C篇 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章围绕新型透明有机光伏电池展开，介绍了该电池的研发背景、特性、工作原理，以及相关的温室应用实验，同时提及了该技术目前存在的挑战。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently, some groups of scientists made OPVs that are transparent (透明的), or clear. Because they let light pass through, this inspired Yang’s team to create and test a solar cell that could be installed (安装) on greenhouse roofs so that electricity is generated and sufficient light is provided for plants.(最近，一些科学家团队成功制造出了透明的有机光伏电池。由于这种电池能让光线通过，这启发了杨的团队研发并测试了一种可以安装在温室屋顶上的太阳能电池，从而能够产生电能并为植物提供充足的光照。)”可知，杨的团队的有机光伏电池和普通太阳能电池的区别在于其具备透明的特性。故选A。 【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Yang’s solar cells let visible light pass through, which makes them look clear. But solar cells must also absorb some light to generate electricity. Yang’s OPVs absorb infra-red light. (杨的太阳能电池能让可见光通过，因此看起来很清晰。但太阳能电池必须吸收一部分光线才能产生电能。而杨的有机光伏材料则能吸收红外线)”可知，在杨的实验中，有机光伏电池是利用红外线来发电的。故选B。 【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“One group had aluminum foil (铝箔) on the sides and a clear OPV on top. Beakers in the final group were fully wrapped in aluminum foil to block all light. After 13 days, the results were striking. In the foil-covered beakers, plants grew poorly. But seeds with a clear solar cell on top grew about as well as seeds in uncovered beakers. That means the solar cells might function effectively on the roof of a greenhouse without holding back plant growth. (一组实验中的容器侧面覆盖着铝箔，顶部则装有透明的有机光伏板。最后一组实验中的烧杯则完全用铝箔包裹起来，以阻挡所有光线。13 天后，实验结果令人震惊。在铝箔覆盖的烧杯中，植物生长状况不佳。但顶部装有透明太阳能电池的种子与未覆盖的烧杯中的种子生长状况相当。这意味着太阳能电池在温室屋顶上可能能有效工作，且不会阻碍植物的生长)”可知，从实验中能得出该有机光伏电池可以用于温室的结论。故选C。 【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““But our lab’s cell is very small,” Yang says. “When the solar cell is made with a large area, the efficiency typically drops a little bit. We are keenly aware of the possible challenges and will take them seriously. (“但我们实验室的电池面积很小。”杨说道。“如果将太阳能电池做成大面积的，其效率通常会略有下降。我们深知可能存在的一些挑战，并会认真对待这些问题。”)”可知，杨既看到了技术的潜力，也明确知晓其面临的问题，对待该太阳能电池的未来持谨慎的态度。故选D。 D篇 【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章围绕大型语言模型展现出的类情感倾向展开，指出该现象加剧了社会在人工智能意识问题上的分歧，介绍了分歧双方的不同观点，畅想了具备意识的人工智能的可能形态，并结合进化论的争议历史，强调应尽早建立相关框架，避免分歧进一步扩大。 【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“A recent study on large language models（LLMs）has uncovered a striking finding: these AI systems exhibit a strong tendency to avoid “pain”. Moreover, similar signs of emotion are popping up more and more frequently. Though these signs of emotion are unconfirmed, they are enough to widen the split in our existing cultural divide. (最近一项关于大型语言模型（LLMs）的研究揭示了一个惊人的发现：这些人工智能系统表现出强烈的规避“痛苦”的倾向。此外，类似的情绪迹象也越来越频繁地出现。尽管这些情绪迹象尚未得到证实，但它们足以加剧我们现有文化分歧的差距)”可知，第一段的核心内容是人工智能呈现出的类情感倾向可能会加剧社会观点的分裂。故选B。 【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“One side will accuse the other of cruelly exploiting AI, while the other will dismiss the first group as ‘fooling themselves into believing machines have real consciousness’.(一方会指责另一方残酷地exploiting人工智能，而另一方则会将前者斥为’自欺欺人地认为机器具有真正的意识’)”可知，这是分歧双方的对立观点，一方认为机器有意识，所以会指责另一方的相关行为是伤害、利用人工智能。结合语境可推测exploiting的含义是“利用”。故选A。 【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“History offers similar stories. Consider the teaching of evolution, which still faces resistance in parts of the United States more than a century after Darwin put it forward. There’s no reason that the debate over AI “consciousness” will be any different. What’s worse, unlike evolution — backed by evidence like fossils (化石) — we have no concrete proof to definitively confirm or deny whether AI is conscious. (历史中也有类似的故事。以进化论的教育为例，尽管达尔文提出这一理论已逾一个世纪，但在美国的部分地区仍遭到了抵制。同样的，关于人工智能“意识”的争论也不会有什么不同。更糟糕的是，与进化论不同（进化论有诸如化石之类的证据支持），我们并没有具体的证据来明确证实或否定人工智能是否具有意识)”可知，作者提及进化论的教学，是为了用进化论的争议历史来佐证自己的观点，即人工智能意识的争论也会持续存在且难以平息。故选B。 【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“That’s why now — before the divide becomes irreparable — is the critical moment to act. We need to develop a framework for the future based on thoughtful conversation and safely guide society forward, rather than let it tear us apart. (这就是为什么现在——在分歧变得无法弥合之前——是采取行动的关键时刻。我们需要在充分讨论的基础上为未来制定一个框架，引导社会稳步发展，而不是让分歧将我们分裂)”可知，作者的写作目的是呼吁人们尽早采取行动，做好准备，为人工智能的未来发展制定相关框架。故选D。 23 江苏省常州市2026届高三年级第一学期期末质量调研 C篇 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家推翻动物无情景化记忆的传统观点，研究证实猫狗具备该记忆，且猫的记忆模式与狗相似；同时还发现猫狗记忆的激活方式成谜，且大概率依赖嗅觉。 【28题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段“Until recently, scientists thought animals’mind was limited to associative memories: recollections of the relationships between experiences or events, but not the episodic memories (情景化记忆) of the experience itself.( 直到不久前，科学家们还认为动物的大脑仅具备联想记忆能力：即对经历或事件之间关系的记忆，但不具备关于具体经历本身的片段式记忆。)”可知，文章开篇推翻“动物只有联想记忆，无情景化记忆” 的传统观点，核心介绍米克洛西团队的新研究 —— 证实狗具备情景化记忆且有自我感知，猫的记忆模式与狗相似；同时还探讨了猫狗记忆与人类的差异、其记忆的激活方式和感官依赖等新发现，全文围绕猫狗记忆能力的新研究成果展开。故选D项。 【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 2016 they confirmed, by way of an experiment in which they asked dogs to imitate actions modeled by a human minutes earlier, that the dogs did remember specific elements of what they’d experienced.( 2016年，他们通过一项实验证实，在实验中，他们让狗模仿几分钟前人类模仿的动作，狗确实记住了它们所经历的特定元素。)”可知，研究人员证实狗狗能记住过往经历中的具体细节，这是实验的核心结论。故选B项。 【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“How cats and dogs guide their own recall — if they need reminders to activate it — is a mystery.( 至于猫和狗是如何自行唤起记忆的——如果它们需要提醒才能激活记忆的话——这仍是个谜。)”可知，科学家已证实猫狗有情景化记忆，但猫狗如何自主引导自身的记忆提取（是否需要提醒才能激活记忆）仍是未解之谜。故选C项。 【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s also less clear how our furry companions relive their distant memories. Ours play like a movie in our mind’s eye, which fits, as contemporary humans are a visually engaged species. But cats and dogs are far more reliant on other senses, especially smell. Could their recall come together as smells rather than images? Two studies — of dogs in a dark room finding familiar objects with their noses, and of kittens recognizing their mothers by smell after years of separation — suggest as much.( 同样不清楚的是，我们的宠物是如何重温它们遥远的记忆的。我们的记忆就像脑海中的一部电影，这与当代人类是视觉活跃的物种相吻合。但猫和狗更多地依赖其他感官，尤其是嗅觉。它们的记忆是否是以气味而非图像的形式重现的呢？两项研究——在黑暗环境中，狗用鼻子寻找熟悉的物品，以及小猫在多年分离后通过嗅觉认出自己的母亲——表明了这一点。)”可知，最后一段先指出人类通过视觉（画面）重温记忆，而猫狗更依赖嗅觉等其他感官；随后提出疑问“它们的记忆是否由气味而非画面构成”，并通过两个研究（狗狗凭嗅觉在黑暗中找物品、小猫多年后凭嗅觉认母亲）佐证这一猜想，核心说明猫狗的记忆大概率依赖嗅觉形成和提取。故选C项。 D篇 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是过度依赖外部工具（尤其是人工智能）对人类认知能力的潜在负面影响。 【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“to external tools(给外部工具)”和“When given the choice between thinking through a problem or letting technology handle it(当面临“独立思考解决问题”与“让技术代劳”的选择时)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“将脑力劳动委托给外部工具的行为”，delegating的意思是“委托”，和assigning意思相近。故选A。 【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“The root reason seems to be that people underestimate their own cognitive abilities. They think they’ll forget, so they set a reminder. They think they can’t solve the problem, so they ask AI.(根本原因似乎在于人们低估了自己的认知能力。他们担心遗忘，于是设置提醒；认为自己无法解决问题，于是求助人工智能。)”可知，吉尔伯特实验中的参与者会设置不必要的数字提醒是因为他们对自己的记忆力缺乏信心。故选A。 【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“But research suggests the cognitive costs extend far beyond remembering appointments.(但研究表明，认知成本远不止于记住约会。)”和第五段“Nathaniel Barr claimed that individuals who score lower on the Cognitive Reflection Test show greater smartphone dependence when obtaining information.(Nathaniel Barr指出，在认知反射测试中得分较低的人，在获取信息时对智能手机的依赖性更强。)”可知，作者提到认知反射测试是为了说明提醒偏差的危害不仅限于记忆。故选C。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“My concern is that people may begin using AI in ways that prevent the development of analytical skills. For a college student who consistently uses AI to work through problems, I question whether they’re building the neural infrastructure (神经基础结构) to handle similar problems independently later in life.(我担忧的是，人们可能开始以阻碍分析能力发展的方式使用人工智能。例如，若一名大学生始终依赖人工智能解决问题，我不禁质疑：他们是否正在构建处理同类问题的神经基础结构，以在未来独立应对类似挑战？)”可知，本文主要讲的是过度依赖外部工具（尤其是人工智能）对人类认知能力的潜在负面影响，因此最好的标题是D选项“Over-reliance on External AI Tools May Weaken Cognitive Abilities(过度依赖外部AI工具可能削弱认知能力)”。故选D。 24 福建省泉州市2026届普通高中毕业班质量检测（二） C篇 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者通过自身经历和实践活动，强调了通过直接体验和实践学习的重要性，认为持久的学习来自于个人参与实践。 【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“At first, I held back from joining him. (起初，我犹豫是否要加入他)”可知，作者最初对加入贝尔泽博士的自然研究是犹豫的。故选B。 【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Confucius’ saying “I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand.” became clear to me through Dr. Bill Belzer. At the camp, he led us city kids — raised amid concrete, blacktop and little green space — on adventures. (子曰，“听之则忘，见之则记，行之则懂。”通过比尔·贝尔泽博士，我明白了这句话。在营地，他带领我们这些在城市长大的孩子去冒险)”可知，作者提到贝尔泽博士的营地是为了展示通过直接体验学习。故选C。 【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“The undergraduates initially tried to guide the children to see specific things, but later found that the children had their own exploration directions, so they turned to follow the children’s rhythm and were shocked by this unplanned exploration.(本科生们最初试图引导孩子们去看特定的东西，但后来发现孩子们有自己的探索方向，于是他们转而跟随孩子们的节奏，对这种无计划的探索感到震惊)”可知，当本科生放开孩子们后，孩子们自我导向的发现让他们感到惊讶。故选A。 【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Learning about nature and our earth, to make a personal connection, must be through involvement in something over time. That’s the proof: a lasting connection to nature and learning is formed not in classrooms, but in doing. (了解自然和我们的地球，建立个人联系，必须通过长期参与某事。这就是证明：与自然和学习的持久联系不是在教室里形成的，而是在实践中形成的)”可知，作者的主要论点是持久的学习来自个人参与实践。故选B。 D篇 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Stefaniuk及其同事研发的碳水泥超级电容器，这种新型储能装置为可再生能源储存提供了新思路，并探讨了其应用前景与环保挑战。 【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“This success promises a new future for energy storage.(这一成功为能量储存带来了新的未来)”以及第二段“This is where Stefaniuk’s concrete comes in: he and colleagues create supercapacitors from water, cement (水泥), and carbon black.(这就是Stefaniuk的混凝土发挥作用的地方：他和同事们用水、水泥和炭黑制造超级电容器)”可知，Stefaniuk和他的同事们研究的主要目的是创造一种新的能量储存方法。故选D。 【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Renewable energy like solar and wind is not always available, requiring batteries for storage. However, lithium (锂) batteries face shortages and can produce poisonous chemicals, driving the search for alternatives. This is where Stefaniuk’s concrete comes in: he and colleagues create supercapacitors from water, cement (水泥), and carbon black.(像太阳能和风能这样的可再生能源并不总是可用，需要电池来储存。然而，锂电池面临短缺，并可能产生有毒化学物质，这促使人们寻找替代品。这就是Stefaniuk的混凝土发挥作用的地方：他和同事们用水、水泥和炭黑制造超级电容器)”可知，第二段主要介绍了开发碳水泥超级电容器的原因。故选D。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“One application of supercapacitors is to create roads that store solar energy and then release it to recharge electric cars wirelessly as they drive along a road.(超级电容器的一个应用是建造能够储存太阳能的道路，然后在电动汽车行驶时无线释放能量为其充电)”可知，超级电容器的一个应用是在道路上为电动汽车无线充电。故选B。 【35题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“But there may be a way of overcoming the problem, adds Michael Short, who leads the Centre for Sustainable Engineering at Teesside University. His colleagues are already working on low-emissions cement that is made from the by-products of the steel and chemical industries.(但蒂赛德大学可持续工程中心主任迈克尔·肖特补充说，可能有办法克服这个问题。他的同事们已经在研究由钢铁和化工行业的副产品制成的低排放水泥)”可知，肖特目前的研究重点是解决高碳足迹问题。故选C。 25 福建省六地市（厦门、福州、三明、龙岩、宁德、南平）2026届高三毕业班1月第一次模拟测试 C篇 本文是一篇议论文。主要驳斥手机摄影缺乏艺术深度的误解，阐述其与胶片摄影的不同创作逻辑及共同的艺术价值。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, there is a common misunderstanding that mobile photography, compared to film photography, reduces creation to a shallow form of photographic note-taking rather than true art.(然而，有一种普遍的误解，认为与胶片摄影相比，手机摄影将创作简化为一种肤浅的摄影笔记形式，而非真正的艺术。)”可知，人们对手机摄影的常见误解是它缺乏艺术深度。故选A项。 【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When we take photos with a phone, our brain is in a‘rapid capture’mode; whereas with a film camera, it enters a‘deliberate composition’state. Functional MRI (核磁共振) studies have shown that when using a smartphone, areas of the brain linked to quick decision-making are more active. In contrast, when using a film camera, the networks related to sense of beauty and precise hand control show stronger connectivity.(当我们用手机拍照时，大脑处于‘快速捕捉’模式；而用胶片相机时，大脑会进入‘刻意构图’状态。功能磁共振成像（FMRI）研究表明，使用智能手机拍照时，大脑中与快速决策相关的区域更为活跃。相比之下，使用胶片相机时，与美感及精准手部控制相关的神经网络连接性更强。)”可知，手机摄影和胶片摄影涉及截然不同的心理过程。故选C项。 【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“With a film camera, you must think through everything before taking the picture — composition, exposure, timing. This forces you to slow down and truly learn to ‘see’.(用胶片相机拍照时，你必须在按下快门前进⾏周全考虑——构图、曝光、时机。这迫使你放慢脚步，真正学会‘观察’。)”可知，David Yorke认为胶片摄影能培养专注的观察力。故选B项。 【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇驳斥对手机摄影的误解，接着通过科学研究和专家观点分析两者的创作差异（手机摄影的快速捕捉 vs 胶片摄影的刻意构图），最后总结两者并非相互替代，而是共同丰富艺术表达。D项“两种成像模式，一种创作艺术”既涵盖核心对比，又点明共同的艺术本质，契合最佳标题。故选D项。 D篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究发现养狗能改善人类心理健康，且这一益处可能与狗向人类传递肠道微生物有关，并详细阐述了相关研究过程与结论。 【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Companion dogs might not help secure food, but for years evidence has mounted that they help diminish anxiety and improve sociality.(伴侣犬可能无法帮助获取食物，但多年来，越来越多的证据表明它们有助于diminish焦虑并提高社交能力)”可知，句中but体现转折关系，前文说伴侣犬不能获取食物，后文应说明其积极作用，diminish anxiety与improve sociality并列，均为积极影响，结合选项可推测diminish意为“减少”，与Reduce意思相近。故选D项。 【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The brain does not exist on its own. The microbes found elsewhere, particularly in the gut, produce chemical compounds (化合物) that influence how the brain works. With this in mind, Dr Kikusui wondered if microbe transfer from dogs might be helping bring psychological benefits to owners. Keen to find out, he set up an experiment with 343 participants in Tokyo, focusing specifically on teenagers, as adolescence is a crucial period of brain development when social interactions often have lasting mental effects.(大脑并不是独立存在的。在其他地方发现的微生物，尤其是在肠道内的微生物，会产生影响大脑运作的化合物。考虑到这一点，菊水武文博士想知道，从狗身上转移的微生物是否有助于给主人带来心理益处。为了找到答案，他在东京对343名参与者进行了一项实验，特别关注青少年，因为青春期是大脑发育的关键时期，此时的社交互动往往会对心理产生持久影响)”可知，该段首先介绍了研究的生物学基础（肠道微生物影响大脑运作），接着说明研究的动机（探究狗的微生物转移是否带来心理益处），还提及了实验的设置，核心是阐述研究的生物学基础和动机。故选C项。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The next step would have been to introduce dog-associated microbes directly into the bodies of non-dog-owning teenagers. Since that is an ethically grey area, Dr Kikusui worked instead with mice.(下一步本应是将与狗相关的微生物直接引入不养狗的青少年体内。由于这处于伦理灰色地带，菊水博士转而用老鼠进行实验)”可知，直接对人类青少年进行实验可能会引发伦理方面的担忧，所以研究人员选择用老鼠做实验。故选C项。 【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Dr Kikusui admits that making direct comparisons between mice and humans is far from perfect, but his findings nonetheless indicate that the microbiotic changes brought about by dog ownership influence the brain. If the conclusions hold, it seems that the path to a healthier mind may begin not with careful self-reflection, but with the companionship of dogs.(菊水博士承认，直接比较老鼠和人类并不完美，但他的研究结果仍然表明，养狗带来的微生物变化会影响大脑。如果这些结论成立，那么通往更健康心智的道路似乎可能不是始于仔细的自我反思，而是始于狗的陪伴)”可推断，与狗相处可能有助于心理健康。故选B项。 26 江苏省苏州市2026届高三第一学期学业质量阳光指标调研 C篇 本文探讨了生成式人工智能（如ChatGPT）能够自动编写代码的能力对编程工作和计算机科学教育带来的冲击与变革。作者指出，AI虽能高效生成代码，但其结果常包含错误，因此未来的计算机科学教育应着重培养学生监督、审查和修正AI生成代码的能力，而非仅仅教授编程本身。文章呼吁教育重点转向培养学生质疑、推理与判断的思维习惯。 28. C Write programs following instructions. 第二段明确指出，生成式AI工具可以根据用户的指令（如“写一个排序数字列表的程序”）生成可运行的代码，这与按照指令写作文章类似。第二段“A student can ask ChatGPT to write a program that sorts a list of numbers and get a working answer in seconds.”A项“教学生如何编程”非AI功能；B项“生成无错误的代码”与第三段“it often gets things wrong”矛盾；D项“取代经验丰富的程序员”文中未直接主张。 29. A supervising and correcting AI-generated code 第三段强调，由于AI生成的代码常包含错误，人类需要扮演监督角色，检查代码是否按预期工作并进行修正，这是未来计算机科学教育的核心。第三段“There is still a need for humans to play a role in coding—a supervisory one, in which programmers oversee the use of AI tools, determine if AI-generated code does what it is supposed to do and make repairs to faulty code.”B项“编程或编写代码”是传统教育重点，非作者主张的未来方向；C项“快速高效编码或解码”未提及；D项“独立理解和使用AI工具”不全面，作者强调的是监督与修正。 30. B By presenting facts. 第四段通过陈述当前教育现状（如“仍以编码为主要活动”“学生用AI完成作业却不理解代码原理”“新开发者使用AI效率反而更低”）这些客观事实来支持论点，未使用数据、概念澄清或预测。第四段整体以事实陈述为主，如“today’s computer science education still focuses on coding”“some students are using AI tools... without learning or understanding”“new developers... can actually be less efficient with AI tools”。A项“提供统计数据”文中未出现；C项“阐明概念”非本段主要手法；D项“做出预测”本段侧重现状描述。 31. B To urge a change in computer science education. 全文围绕生成式AI带来的挑战，指出当前教育不足，并多次强调应转向培养学生监督AI代码的能力及批判性思维，最终引用Herbert Simon的话强调学生主动思考的重要性，核心目的是呼吁教育改革。第三段“The future of computer science education is to teach students how to master the skill of supervision.” 及第五段“The rise of generative AI should sharpen our focus on what truly matters in computer science education...”A项“批评传统教学方法”是手段而非根本目的；C项“强调高效学习的重要性”偏离核心；D项“表明AI工具不能取代人类教师”非文章焦点。 D篇 本文探讨了人格的可变性，反驳了“人格固定不变”的传统观念。通过引用2024年研究、荣格的观点及哈佛成人发展研究等证据，论证人格具有流动性，且主动改变人格特质（如增强社交性）有助于提升幸福感，鼓励人们以更开放的态度看待自我改变的可能性。 32. A It is fixed and stable. 第一段明确指出，传统观点认为人格是“相当稳定的特征集合”，而作者认为这种观念是“无稽之谈”。题目问的是“常见误解”，即传统观点。第一段“Personality has traditionally been defined as a pretty stable collection of characteristics.” 及 “These ideas are nonsense.”B项“容易改变”是作者主张的观点；C项“由人生决定”未提及；D项“与基因无关”与文中“基因决定”的误解相反。 33. C To offer evidence supporting personality fluidity. 第二段提到2024年研究证明数字教练能提升情绪稳定性等特质，第三段引用荣格观点说明内/外向非绝对且可变。两者均为“人格流动性”提供证据支持。第二段“There is plenty of evidence that our personalities are more fluid... a 2024 study found...”；第三段“But Carl Jung... said that there is no such thing as a ‘pure’ introvert or extrovert... these preferences are flexible.”A项“人格改变技艺的例子”不全面，荣格观点并非“技艺”；B项“表达对某些人格的偏好”无依据；D项“批评传统定义”是段落作用的一部分，但主要目的是提供证据。 34. B。A happy and healthy life. “that end”指代前文提到的研究目的，即“理解幸福健康生活的核心要素”。第四段“The Harvard Study of Adult Development... in order to understand the core components of a happy and healthy life, found that nothing matters more to that end...” 中“that end”直接对应“a happy and healthy life”。A项“研究结论”过于宽泛；C项“八十年项目”是研究本身，非目标；D项“社交联系的关键”是研究发现的内容，非“that end”所指。 35. A Time for a New You 全文核心是人格可以且应当主动改变，结尾强调“尝试改变可能不是坏主意”，A项“迎接新自我”生动概括了这一倡导。首段否定人格固定观，结尾段“But first, you might need to accept a painful truth: maybe trying to change isn’t such a bad idea.” 呼应主题。B项“幸福秘诀”偏离人格改变主线；C项“识别人格类型”非重点；D项“接受自我”与文章主张改变的立场相反。 27 湖北省武汉市武昌区2026届高三期末质量检测 C篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了银河系的演化过程及其特点。 【28题详解】细节理解题。 根据第二段的“Thirteen billion years ago, the gas and dust particles (分子) that eventually became our Milky Way were moving quickly in every direction.(130亿年前，那些最终汇聚成我们银河系的气体和尘埃颗粒（分子）在各个方向上快速移动)”可知，形成银河系的粒子最初随机四处运动。故选A。 【29题详解】细节理解题。 根据第三段的“So, why is the Milky Way flat? The answer lies in the conservation of angular momentum (动量).(那么，银河系为何是扁平的呢？答案在于角动量守恒定律)”可知，银河系之所以呈扁平的圆盘状，是因为角动量守恒。故选B。 【30题详解】推理判断题。 根据第四段的“As these waves travel through the galaxy's disc, they squeeze gas, starting the birth of bright young star groups that outline the arms.(当这些波穿越星系盘面时，它们会挤压气体，从而开始形成勾勒出旋臂轮廓的明亮年轻星团)”可知，银河系的旋臂上有新恒星诞生。故选B。 【31题详解】主旨大意题。 根据第一段的“Our galaxy (星系) is in a state of constant evolution.(我们的星系处于不断演化的状态)”以及下文对银河系形成、扁平形状原因、旋臂特点以及未来变化的描述可知，本文主要讲述了银河系的演化过程及其特点。故选A。 D篇 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Daniel Kahneman提出的大脑两种认知系统的特点、运作方式、进化成因，以及这一研究发现的现实应用。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Upon observing the figure, one quickly sees it as a picture of a sorrowful young boy — a judgment formed without deliberate thought.(看到这幅画像时，人们会立刻觉得这是一个悲伤的小男孩——这是一种未经刻意思考就形成的判断。)”及“The photograph is an example of System 1 thinking, characterized by its rapid, intuitive, and largely unconscious nature.(这张照片是系统1思维的一个例子，其特点是快速、直觉性且很大程度上是无意识的。)” 可知，悲伤男孩的照片是系统 1 快速判断的例证。故选B。 【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Now, attempt to mentally compute 18×26 within 30 seconds, without external aids. Most individuals give up on this task, which is an example of System 2 thinking. This mode is slow, demanding, and requires conscious effort; pupils even widen during such hard work.(现在，试着在30秒内、不借助任何外部工具，用心算出18×26的结果。大多数人都会放弃这项任务，这正是系统2思维的一个典型例子。这种思维模式速度慢、耗费精力，而且需要有意识的努力；在进行这种高强度脑力活动时，人的瞳孔甚至会放大。)”及第三段“Consider another puzzle: a bat and a ball together cost $ 1.10. The bat costs $ 1.00 more than the ball. What is the ball's price? Many instinctively answer 10 cents, an intuitive yet incorrect response. The accurate answer is 5 cents.(再来思考另一个谜题：一个球棒和一个球总共花费1.10美元。球棒比球贵1.00美元。球的价格是多少？很多人会本能地回答10美分，这是一个凭直觉得出、但并不正确的答案。正确答案是5美分。)”可知，18×26 的计算和球棒球的问题都说明系统2需要付出脑力努力。故选C。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Furthermore, while deeply focused on finding food, an individual might fail to see an approaching lion. Consequently, the brain frequently turns to the straightforward, automatic responses offered by System 1, with the more hard-working System 2 often agreeing to its suggestions.(此外，当一个人全神贯注寻找食物时，可能会注意不到正在靠近的狮子。因此，大脑常常会采用系统1提供的直接、自动化的反应，而更为费力的系统2则往往会认同这些判断。)”可知，系统1能对危险做出快速反应，从而在进化中帮助人类生存。故选D。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“This reliance on System 1 is generally helpful, enabling survival, processing vast information flows, and making the world understandable. You can take advantage of this tendency to make instinctive decisions to get people to do things. A request framed simply and intuitively will likely activate System 1 like appealing to people to donate by featuring a heartbreaking photo of a single starving child. Conversely, needing careful thought demands intentionally slowing the process to awake System 2 like investing in a retirement plan; otherwise, the automatic system wins, and its swift, effortless answer carries the day.(这种对系统1的依赖通常是有益的，它使生存成为可能，处理大量信息流，并使世界变得易于理解。你可以利用这种倾向，做出本能的决定，去引导他人采取行动。一个表述简单、符合直觉的诉求可能会激活系统1，就像通过一张令人心碎的饥饿儿童照片来呼吁人们捐款一样。相反，需要仔细思考需要故意放慢唤醒系统2的过程，就像投资退休计划一样；否则，自动系统将获胜，其快速、轻松的答案将占上风)”可知，本段主要介绍了该研究发现的潜在应用。故选C。 28 安徽省合肥市2026届高三第一次教学质量检测（一模） C篇 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了博物馆教育资源分配不均的问题，并介绍了魁北克蒙特利尔大学Anik Meunier教授发起的“School at the Museum”项目，该项目通过将博物馆参观融入学校课程，提升学生参与度并减少文化资源差距。 【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据第1段中“Yet, while some children frequently visit museums with their families, others — especially those from disadvantaged backgrounds — may never have the opportunity to engage with these rich cultural resources.(然而，虽然有些孩子经常与家人一起参观博物馆，但其他孩子——尤其是那些来自弱势背景的孩子——可能永远没有机会接触这些丰富的文化资源。)”可知，“disparity”指的是不同背景孩子在参观博物馆机会上的不平等。故选C。 【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第2段中“She has established the School at the Museum program with her colleagues to integrate museum education into the school curriculum for primary and secondary schools in Montreal.(她与同事们共同创立了’School at the Museum’项目，将博物馆教育融入蒙特利尔中小学的学校课程。)”可知，该项目目标是通过博物馆参观来加强课堂学习。故选B。 【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第3段中“Anik and her colleagues found that students who attended museums showed greater emotional, behavioural and cognitive engagement than before.(Anik和她的同事们发现，参观过博物馆的学生在情感、行为和认知参与度上都比以前更高。)”和“Most importantly, after participating in School at the Museum, students who had had little prior exposure to museums displayed equal engagement to their classmates who had visited museums with family or friends. (最重要的是，在参与’School at the Museum’之后，那些之前很少接触博物馆的学生表现出了与那些曾与家人或朋友参观过博物馆的同学同等的参与度。)”可知，本段通过具体研究发现为前文提出的项目理念提供了实证支持。故选D。 【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第4段中“To make the most of the educational value, one of the most important aspects of planning a museum trip is choosing the right museum and program for students’ needs.(为了最大化其教育价值，规划博物馆之旅最重要的方面之一是根据学生需求选择合适的博物馆和项目。)”以及“A visit to a museum can relate closely to courses in many subjects, such as history, science and art, and stimulate interdisciplinary approaches.(一次博物馆参观可以与历史、科学和艺术等多门学科课程紧密关联，并激发跨学科的学习方法。)”可知，Anik强调的是通过精心规划，将博物馆参观转化为与课程紧密结合的主动学习体验。故选A。 D篇 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了全球蜜蜂数量呈现不同趋势及应对数量下降的措施并呼吁保护蜜蜂。 【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“For years, media headlines have described a serious situation regarding bee populations. They frequently warn that a global decline in bee species is just around the corner. But is it as straightforward as it appears? In fact, bee numbers tell a tale of two trends. (多年来，媒体头条都在描述蜜蜂数量的严峻形势。他们经常警告说，全球蜜蜂物种的减少即将到来。但真的像看上去那么简单吗？事实上，蜜蜂的数量呈现出两种趋势。)”可知，作者没有完全认同媒体报道，而是客观分析了两种趋势，态度谨慎且平衡。故选B项。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“In contrast to the declines observed in the West, some Asian countries have experienced stable or even growing bee populations. Several factors contribute to this positive trend: diverse natural landscapes, mild climates, and the expansion of commercial beekeeping. (与西方观察到的下降趋势相反，一些亚洲国家的蜜蜂数量保持稳定甚至增长。有几个因素促成了这一积极趋势：多样化的自然景观、温和的气候以及商业养蜂业的扩张。)”可知，有利的环境和不断发展的养蜂业导致了一些亚洲国家蜜蜂数量的增长。故选C项。 【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“While some regions are experiencing alarming losses, others are seeing increases, demonstrating that active and effective measures can lead to positive outcomes. Regions facing declines can stabilize and even restore their bee populations by carrying out stronger conservation policies and sustainable farming practices. (虽然一些地区正在经历惊人的损失，但其他地区却在增加，这表明积极有效的措施可以带来积极的结果。面临下降的地区可以通过实施更有力的保护政策和可持续的农业实践来稳定甚至恢复其蜜蜂种群。)”可知，有针对性的行动有助于扭转负面趋势。故选D项。 【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容，文章先指出媒体对蜜蜂数量下降的报道，接着说明全球蜜蜂数量呈现不同趋势，然后提出应对蜜蜂数量下降的措施，最后强调蜜蜂的重要性并呼吁保护蜜蜂。所以作者写这篇文章的主要目的是澄清蜜蜂数量的趋势并提出解决方案。故选C项。 29 湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学2026届高三月考试卷（七） C篇 28.B。事实细节题。根据第一段第二句可知，一位68岁的游客报告了腿部疼痛的立即缓解以及一种被协助上坡的感觉。选项 B“Feeling of being supported upward”是原文“a sensation of being assisted uphill(感觉被协助上坡)”的同义转述，因此为正确答案。选项A（关节疼痛完全缓解）属于过度推断；选项C(立即提高徒步速度）在文中未被提及；选项D（使用者体重显著减轻）与文意无关。 29.C。词义猜测题。第二段原文指出传统缆车往往限制观景的“immersion”。前文提到外骨骼能让老年游客“亲身体验（firsthand)”自然美景，形成对比。结合“scenic（风景的)”和“limit(限制)”的语境可推知，“immersion”此处指一种被风景“全方位包围、身临其境”的体验感，故选项C正确。 30.A。推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，该公司计划在今年发布升级型号，其特点是采用更轻的材料和更智能的算法，目的是更好地适应老年用户的生理需求（for better adaptability)。故选A。 31.D。观点态度题。根据第四段首句“Government policy actively encourages this sector's development.”以及后文列举的具体指导方针（如推广智能健康新模式、支持服务机器人等）可知，政府对自动化外骨骼未来的发展持明确的支持态度（supportive)。故选D。 D篇 32.C。推理判断题。第三段中的句子“Over a decade of research，the effect has proven consistent and repeatable.”的核心是强调该效应的科学可靠性。“consistent and repeatable（一致且可重复）”是科学研究中评价结论可靠性的关键标准，表明该效应经得起时间检验，能在不同研究中稳定复现。选项C准确转述了这一含义。A项“它是一个令人惊讶的新发现”偏离重点，句子强调的是其经过长期验证的稳定性，而非其新颖性或令人惊讶的程度。B项“它需要很长时间来证明”是对“a decade”的片面解读，十年是用于说明验证周期之长，从而佐证其可靠性，但“需要长时间来证明”本身并非句子强调的核心。D项“其机制已被完全理解”歪曲文意。 33.B。细节理解题。该题直接对应文章第四段的论述：“as they engage in more careful，deliberative thinking when processing information in a non-native tongue.”。选项 B中的“a more thoughtful process（一个更深思熟虑的过程）”是原文“more careful，deliberative thinking(更仔细、审慎的思考）”的精准概括，准确指出了使用外语能减少错误记忆的核心原因。A项“他们把正确性作为首要任务”并非原文解释的直接原因和机制，属于推理过度。C项“他们进行更自动的思考”与原文意思完全相反，外语效应恰恰是减少自动思维，促进审慎思考。D项“他们避免思考困难话题”在文中完全没有依据，属于无中生有。 34.D。细节理解题。文章最后一段明确指出，有意识地使用外语能帮助我们“become more detached and objective(变得更超脱和客观)”并“provide valuable emotional distance(提供宝贵的情感距离）”。选项D“提升客观性和情感距离”完整、准确地同义替换并概括了这两大核心实践益处。A项“完全消除自动反应”和B项“确保完全合理的决策”均使用了绝对化表述（Ensuring perfectly，entirely)，将原文中“can help(能够帮助)”和“reduce(减少)”的或然性、改善性效果夸大为确定性、绝对性的保证。C项“加速决策过程”与文章倡导的方向相反，文中强调使用外语是为了“减少自动反应”，进行更深思熟虑、更不冲动的思考，而非追求速度。 35.A。主旨大意题。全文核心围绕“外语效应”，系统阐述了使用第二语言带来的多方面认知益处。文章从道德决策、认知偏差、记忆处理到实践应用，均论证了使用外语如何使思维更理性、开放和客观。选项A准确概括了这一主旨。B项“关于语言决定论的讨论”仅在开头被提及以作对比区分，并非文章核心。C项“学习第二语言的必要性”属于过度引申，文章重点在于分析使用外语的“效应”与“好处”，而非论证其必要性。D项“学习外语的挑战”完全偏离焦点，文章讨论的是使用外语的结果与益处，而非学习过程本身的困难。 30 福建省名校联盟全国优质校2026届高三二月大联考 C篇 本文探讨了在人工智能（AI）工具能够轻松生成建筑图像的背景下，建筑设计的真正价值所在。文章指出，尽管AI可以模仿无数种设计风格，但它无法做出价值判断。建筑的深层意义在于其哲学思考：建筑如何塑造人类情感、如何影响社区联系、以及如何在历史传承与变革需求之间取得平衡。未来的优秀建筑师将不是那些精通AI工具的人，而是那些能够进行深刻哲学反思的人，他们的设计将体现人性、社区和可持续性等价值，实现技术与哲学的融合。 28. D第二段开篇即点明：“Architecture is not only about structure. It also reflects how humans understand life.”（建筑不仅仅是结构。它还反映了人类如何理解生活。）随后，段落从个体（塑造情感）、社区（促进或疏远联系）、时间（平衡历史与变革）三个层面展开论述，这些都是从哲学视角审视建筑。因此D选项正确。A（介绍现代城市例子）过于片面；B（比较建筑与哲学）并非本段核心；C（描述AI如何改变建设）与本段内容无关。 29. A第三段提到哥伦比亚图书馆的例子：“a library in Colombia places its reading rooms—not offices—in the brightest and highest spaces: a design choice symbolizing equality.”（将阅览室——而非办公室——置于最明亮、最高的空间：这一设计选择象征着平等。）这一设计优先考虑了读者（人）的体验和感受，体现了以人为中心的理念。因此A选项正确。B（AI将重塑公共建筑）与例子无关；C（最好的设计几乎隐形）无中生有；D（平等是现代设计的核心）过于绝对，该例子确实体现了平等，但不能由此得出平等是所有现代设计的核心。 30. A第四段明确指出：“Its design is not only technological but also philosophical—it asks whether humans can create a sustainable city that allows people to live in harmony with nature.”（它的设计不仅是技术性的，也是哲学性的——它追问人类能否创造一个人与自然和谐共处的可持续城市。）这直接表明“The Line”的本质是由哲学指导的理念，即通过设计挑战人们对城市生活的根本假设。因此A选项正确。B（生态友好城市项目）虽然文中提到“可持续”，但未全面概括其哲学性；C（社会福利住房计划）和D（经济驱动的设计）均与原文描述不符。 31. B最后一段总结：“Freed from repetitive drafting work, architects in the age of AI must think more deeply about humanity, community, and sustainability.”（从重复的绘图工作中解放出来，AI时代的建筑师必须更深入地思考人性、社区和可持续性。）同时，文章反复强调AI无法进行价值判断，而建筑师需要赋予设计以哲学思考和人文关怀，即为设计注入灵魂和意义。因此B选项正确。A（从绘图转向建造）过于狭隘；C（将AI作为强大的副驾驶）虽然可能是一个方面，但不是核心要义；D（优先考虑哲学而非功能）错误，文章强调哲学与功能的融合，而非替代。 D篇 本文介绍了心理学中的“鸵鸟效应”——人们倾向于回避可能带来负面情绪的信息。通过一项针对儿童的实验，文章揭示了从童年期开始，人们如何从好奇的学习者转变为策略性的信息回避者。这种行为的根源在于情绪保护：信息往往带有情感后果。文章进一步指出，虽然偶尔回避可以保护情绪，但习惯性回避会危害个人健康并加剧社会分歧。最终，文章强调培养孩子的好奇心与韧性，让他们勇于面对信息、学习和成长的重要性。 32. B第一段定义了“鸵鸟效应”：“people often go out of their way not to learn something”（人们常常刻意不去了解某些事情），并举例“skipping a follow-up doctor’s appointment or refusing to read an unsettling news article”（跳过医生复诊预约或拒绝阅读令人不安的新闻文章）。其核心是主动回避可能带来负面情绪的信息。B选项“一位女士对她的信用卡账单视而不见” 正是刻意回避可能带来财务焦虑的信息，符合“鸵鸟效应”的定义。A选项“学生主动寻求反馈”是积极求知，与效应相反；C选项“拒绝参加表弟生日派对”不涉及信息回避；D选项“埋头于研究和数据分析”是主动接触信息，也不符合。 33. B第三段解释了原因：“Information is not neutral—it often carries consequences for how we feel. News about our health, abilities, or beliefs can trigger disappointment, anxiety, or shame. By avoiding knowledge, people protect themselves, at least in the short term, from negative emotions.”（信息不是中立的——它常常对我们的感受产生影响。关于健康、能力或信仰的消息可能引发失望、焦虑或羞耻。通过回避信息，人们至少在短期内保护自己免受负面情绪的困扰。）这直接说明“鸵鸟效应”发生的原因是它让我们避免感觉糟糕。因此B选项正确。A（排除干扰）、C（帮助积极看待事物）、D（鼓励独立思考）均未在原因分析中出现。 34. C第四段原句：“At a societal level, avoidance may entrench political divides or rigid beliefs.”（在社会层面，回避可能会____政治分歧或僵化的信仰。）结合上下文，当人们刻意回避挑战自己世界观的观点时，会导致政治分歧和僵化信仰变得更加根深蒂固、加深。“entrench”有“使根深蒂固、巩固”之意，与C. Deepen（加深） 意思最接近。A（暴露）、B（移除）、D（转变）均不符合“使问题更严重”的语境。 35. A全文围绕“鸵鸟效应”——人们为何、如何回避信息。标题需要抓住这一核心现象及其背后的心理动因。A选项“为什么不知道有时感觉很甜美” 生动地概括了文章主题：回避信息能带来短暂的情绪舒适（“甜美”），正如文中所述“保护自己免受负面情绪”。它既点明了现象，又暗示了原因，富有文学性和吸引力。B选项“为什么拥抱好奇心真正重要”过于片面，文章后半部分虽提及好奇心的重要性，但前半部分重点在解释回避现象；C选项“鸵鸟效应：舒适是最佳选择”与文章警示相悖，文章指出习惯性回避的危害；D选项“从糖果到好奇心：韧性的演变”虽涉及实验，但未能准确概括全文主旨。 31 浙江省浙南名校、七彩阳光、精诚联盟、金兰教育2026届高三返校联考 C篇 本文介绍了一项由新南威尔士大学悉尼分校研究人员进行的新研究，该研究通过一个在线学习游戏，探究了为什么有些人会持续做出伤害自己的选择。研究发现，人群中存在三种不同的行为类型：敏感型（能从后果中学习）、无意识型（在被指出错误后能改正）和强迫型（即使被告知错误，仍继续做出错误选择）。研究指出，强迫型人群的问题在于无法将自身行为与后果联系起来，这一发现对理解赌博、成瘾等自毁行为以及改进公共卫生宣传策略具有重要意义。 28. D文章开篇第一句提出问题：“Why do some people keep making choices that hurt them, even when the outcomes are obvious?”（为什么有些人持续做出伤害自己的选择，即使后果显而易见？）紧接着，第二句指出研究发现：“the problem isn’t due to a lack of motivation or capacity, but rather a persistent failure to connect their actions with its consequences.”（问题并非由于缺乏动力或能力，而是持续无法将自身行为与其后果联系起来。）因此，研究的核心是探究自毁选择的原因。D选项正确。A（选择的关键要素）、B（选择的机会成本）、C（选择与结果的联系）均不准确，研究重点在于“为何无法建立联系”而非联系本身。 29. C第三段对三种行为类型的描述中，关于Compulsives的部分明确指出：“the Compulsives, who continued to make the wrong choices even after being shown where their strategy was letting them down.”（强迫型人群，即使在被告知他们的策略哪里出错后，仍继续做出错误选择。）第四段进一步总结：“We found that some people just don’t learn from experience.”（我们发现有些人就是无法从经验中学习。）因此，强迫型人群的特点是无法从经验中学习。C选项正确。A（缺乏专注能力）与原文“are paying attention”（他们在注意）矛盾；B（未能识别不良后果）与原文“even after being shown”（即使被告知）矛盾；D（不愿承认错误）文中未提及。 30. D第五段首句指出：“While the researchers are careful not to overstate the findings, the results... could inform the way we tailor treatments for self-destructive behaviour like gambling, drug and alcohol addictions.”（尽管研究者谨慎不夸大发现，但实验结果……可能为我们定制治疗自毁行为（如赌博、吸毒、酗酒）的方式提供信息。）本段后续内容都在讨论研究结果可能如何应用于理解和治疗成瘾行为。因此，本段主要讲的是研究发现的潜在应用。D选项正确。A（研究的局限性）虽有提及“真实生活更复杂”，但不是本段重点；B（研究方法解释）未涉及；C（研究结果的支撑证据）未涉及。 31. B最后一段指出：“Currently, most campaigns rely on providing information... with the assumption that people will act on it. But this study suggests that for some, like Compulsives, a different kind of intervention may be needed.”（目前，大多数宣传活动依赖于提供信息……并假设人们会据此行动。但这项研究表明，对于某些人（如强迫型），可能需要不同类型的干预。）这意味着作者认为当前仅提供信息的公共卫生宣传不足以应对所有人，尤其对强迫型人群无效。因此，作者的观点是当前宣传是不够的。B选项正确。A（难以获取）、C（误导性）、D（不必要）均未在文中体现。 D篇 本文讨论了美国加州因极端野火风险日益严重，正在起草全美最严格的住宅周边植被清理法规（称为“零区”Zone Zero），要求高风险地区的房主清除房屋五英尺内的易燃植物。文章介绍了这一规定出台的背景、具体内容、引发的公众反对意见，以及专家对于绿色植物是否构成风险的不同看法，强调及时清除枯死植物材料才是预防火灾的关键。 32. A They are easy to catch fire.根据第一段和第二段，加州之所以推动房主重新思考房屋被植被环绕的传统景象，是因为“the state’s risk of extreme wildfires grows”（该州极端野火的风险正在增长）。第二段明确说明制定“零区”规则的目的：“to prevent plants and flammable items from catching fire during a wildfire, spreading flames to the house”（防止植物和易燃物品在野火中着火，并将火焰蔓延到房屋）。因此，加州的担忧是这些房屋容易因周边植被而着火。A选项正确。B（需要日常维护）、C（彼此间距过密）、D（无法抵御极端天气）均未在文中提及。 33. B第三段开头写道：“Still, the pushback has been strong, even in the Los Angeles area neighborhoods where so many lost homes.”（尽管如此，反对声依然强烈，即使在洛杉矶地区许多房屋被烧毁的社区也是如此。）随后列举了房主们的具体担忧（失去绿植和遮荫、清理成本等）。因此，提到洛杉矶是为了用具体例子说明对新规定的强烈反对，强调即使在刚经历过火灾的地区，反对意见依然存在。B选项正确。A（说明野火的严重性）、C（强调公众对野火的担忧）、D（表明新规定的广泛影响）均非本段重点。 34. C最后一段引用Moritz的话：“The really important aspect to the plants is the dead material... If most homeowners are just going to let dead material accumulate in Zone Zero anyway, then it makes sense that there shouldn’t be any plants in Zone Zero.”（植物真正重要的方面是枯死物……如果大多数房主任由枯死物在零区堆积，那么零区确实不应该有任何植物。）这表明Moritz认为，关键在于及时清除枯死物，而非完全清除绿色植物。因此C选项正确。A（清除绿色植物）与Moritz的观点不符，他认为绿色植物可能并不危险；B（更频繁地浇水）未提及；D（对植物做更多研究）虽是Moritz的建议之一，但不是他指出的“关键”。 35. C文章核心内容是加州正在起草针对住宅周边植被的严格新规（Zone Zero），并围绕这一规定的背景、内容、反对意见和专家观点展开论述。C选项“加州正在起草最严格的植物管理法规” 准确概括了文章的核心事件和主要内容。A选项“野火：对加州的致命威胁”过于宽泛，未突出“新规”这一主题；B选项“零区：维护植物的新方法”偏离重点，文章讨论的是清除植物而非维护；D选项“专家对植被功能存在分歧”只是文章的一部分，不足以概括全文。 32 湖北省武汉市2026届高中毕业生三月调研考试 C篇 本文探讨了在数字写作助手日益普及的背景下，传统词典不可替代的价值。作者认为，词典鼓励使用者自主选择词汇、进行创造性表达，从而塑造个人和集体身份；而数字写作助手虽便捷，却可能削弱这种能力。文章呼吁在数字化时代更应珍视词典，以保持语言表达的多样性和独特性。 28. C根据第二段：“While AI assistants produce phrases and statements so writers don't have to think them up, dictionaries provide us with the knowledge to use language ourselves in expressive and potentially infinite ways.”（AI助手生成短语和陈述，让作者不必自己构思，而词典则为我们提供了知识，让我们自己以表达性和潜在无限的方式使用语言。）这明确说明词典有助于创造性写作。因此C选项正确。A选项“提供万无一失的短语”与原文“not with fail-safe convenience”矛盾；B选项“拥有学术权威”文中未提及；D选项“提供现成表达”是AI的特点，而非词典。 29. D定位到第三段原句：“...a practice that dictionaries facilitate while digital writing programs stifle.”（这一做法词典促进，而数字写作程序则____。）根据上下文，“facilitate”（促进）与空格处应构成反义关系。后文进一步说明：词典让作者做出选择，而应用程序替作者做选择，导致“hands-off, derivative communication”（不费力的、衍生的交流）。因此，“stifle”应意为“抑制、阻碍”，与D选项“Discourage”（使气馁，阻碍）最接近。A“赞成”、B“修改”、C“观察”均不构成反义关系。 30. D第四段开头说：“Our ability to express ourselves is critical — it helps us define who we are. Dictionaries aid us in achieving this.”（我们表达自己的能力至关重要——它帮助我们定义自己是谁。词典帮助我们实现这一点。）随后以加拿大英语词汇“eaves trough”和“serviette”为例，说明这些词汇增强了作者的民族自豪感，而这些词汇在词典中有记载，但AI聊天机器人很少使用。因此，举例的目的是说明语言使用如何影响身份认同。D选项正确。A选项“展示AI如何帮助我们表达”与文意相反；B选项“表明词典的弱点”与例子作用相反；C选项“庆祝加拿大英语的多样性”是表面现象，深层目的是说明身份认同。 31. A全文围绕词典的价值展开，对比数字写作助手的局限性，强调词典在促进创造性表达、塑造个人和集体身份方面不可替代的作用。最后一段总结：“As digital writing extends deeper into our lives and minds, we need dictionaries more than ever.”（随着数字写作深入我们的生活，我们比以往任何时候都更需要词典。）A选项“为什么要保留你的词典？” 以问句形式吸引读者，精准概括了文章的核心论点。B选项“如何应对数字写作？”范围过宽，未突出词典；C选项“谁使用写作助手？”偏离主题；D选项“对词典有何期待？”过于笼统，未体现“为什么需要”的论证过程。 D篇 本文介绍了中国科学家在量子密码学领域取得的重要突破。文章首先指出量子计算机对传统加密方式的威胁，随后引出一种理论上绝对安全的解决方案——设备无关量子密钥分发（DI-QKD）。中国研究团队首次在真实城市条件下成功实现了11公里距离的DI-QKD，将此前仅2米的实验距离大幅提升，为未来构建安全的量子互联网奠定了基础。文章还解释了DI-QKD利用量子纠缠的原理，并指出了当前技术仍需长时间数据收集的局限性。 32. B根据第一段最后一句：“Now, a team in China has demonstrated the technique in real city conditions, an advance that could clear the way for a secure quantum internet.”（现在，中国的一个团队在真实城市条件下演示了这项技术，这一进展可能为安全的量子互联网扫清道路。）第四段进一步说明：“In 2022, a UK-based team managed to create and share a DI-QKD key for only about 2 meters. Now, Jianwei Pan and his colleagues have extended this to practically useful distances.”（2022年，英国团队仅实现了约2米的DI-QKD密钥分发。现在，潘建伟及其同事将其扩展到实际有用的距离——11公里。）因此，中国科学家的突破在于提升了DI-QKD的实用性，将其从实验室短距离推进到真实城市环境中的可用距离。B选项正确。A选项“提出编码理论”错误，理论早已存在；C选项“建立量子互联网”错误，这只是为未来铺路；D选项“发现量子纠缠”错误，纠缠是已有理论。 33.C根据第二段：“For instance, the keys in one popular encryption scheme are based on the prime factors of large numbers, which take enormous effort to crack.”（例如，一种流行加密方案中的密钥基于大数的质因数，破解需要巨大努力。）“For instance”是典型的举例标志词，作者通过RSA加密这一具体例子来说明加密原理。因此C选项正确。A选项“下定义”错误，文中未对加密下定义；B选项“作比较”错误，此处是举例而非比较；D选项“引用陈述”错误，文中未引用他人言论。 34. B第三段详细描述了DI-QKD的工作过程：利用量子纠缠连接远距离粒子，发送方和接收方通过测试确认粒子特性紧密关联（“handshake”），然后利用纠缠粒子的其他测量建立密钥，确保无人能破解。整段围绕DI-QKD如何运作展开，因此B选项正确。A选项“什么是纠缠”过于片面，纠缠只是工具；C选项“什么阻碍密钥共享”未提及；D选项“粒子如何连接”也是部分细节。 35. A最后一段提到：“After collecting data for 26 days, they showed they had the statistics to establish and share a key across 11 kilometers. The researchers also showed that in theory — and given about 23 years for data collection — they could have sent a key across 100 kilometers.”（经过26天的数据收集，他们证明了可以建立并共享11公里距离的密钥。研究人员还表明，理论上——如果进行约23年的数据收集——他们可以将密钥发送到100公里。）这暗示当前技术的局限性在于需要长时间的数据收集才能实现更长距离的密钥分发。因此A选项正确。B选项“严格的实验室条件”错误，实验已在真实城市条件下进行；C选项“不稳定的纠缠粒子”未提及；D选项“严重依赖卫星”是未来计划，并非当前限制。 33 山东省烟台市2026届高三3月高考诊断性测试（一模） C篇 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了幽灵渔具对海洋的巨大危害，以及人们从清理、预防、监管多方面采取措施治理该问题。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Unlike visible plastic waste like bottles, it sinks into the deep ocean, continuously trapping sea animals, producing microplastics and endangering navigation. (与瓶子等可见的塑料垃圾不同，它会沉入深海，不断困住海洋动物，产生微塑料，危及航行)”可知，幽灵渔具和其他海洋塑料不同，它沉入深海、更难被检测到。故选A项。 【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“The operation tests their physical limits and patience to the fullest. As many as 117 sailors once invested over 40 hours in clearing a massive 300-foot-long fishing net. (这项行动最大限度地考验了她们的体力和耐心。多达117名水手曾投入超过40小时清理一条长达300英尺的巨大渔网)”可知，作者提到清理300英尺长的渔网是为了展示清理工作的挑战性。故选D项。 【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Once your fishing gear is attached to distinct identifiers, it facilitates a heightened sense of individual accountability, which in turn generates a concrete effect on your behavioral approach to fishing practices, (一旦你的渔具贴上了独特的标识，就会增强个人的责任感，进而对你的捕鱼行为产生具体的影响）”可知，从Jimenez的话中我们可以推断出标记能增强责任感。故选C项。 【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段““Ghost gear” refers to lost or abandoned fishing nets, a highly destructive pollutant in oceans.(“幽灵渔具”是指丢失或遗弃的渔网，这是海洋中一种极具破坏性的污染物)”、最后一段“The governance of ghost gear demands cooperation among fishers, researchers and policymakers.(幽灵渔具的治理需要渔民、研究人员和政策制定者之间的合作)”以及文章内容可知，本文既介绍幽灵渔具的危害，又介绍多国组织、人员从清理、预防、监管多方面采取措施，所以“多维行动：对抗海洋幽灵”适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 D篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了麻省理工学院工程师设计出创新超声波系统从大气水收集器中快速回收水以应对全球缺水问题。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Traditional methods rely heavily on solar heat to release the water absorbed by a special material. Any material good at capturing water doesn’t want to part with that water(传统方法严重依赖太阳能热量来释放被特殊材料吸收的水。任何善于捕捉水的材料都不愿意与水分离)”以及“The process tends to drag on for hours to turn out usable water, unable to meet urgent needs in water-starved regions.(这个过程往往会持续数小时才能产生可用的水，无法满足缺水地区的紧急需求)”可知，传统取水方法效率低、产量低。故选A。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Ultrasound is a form of high-frequency sound wave that can generate microscopic shakes when acting on a substance. This being the case, the team put forward a straightforward idea: Applying ultrasound to the water-harvesting material, they could break the weak bonds between the water molecules and the material, quickly causing the water to shake loose and drop out as droplets.(超声波是一种高频声波，当作用于物质时能产生微观震动。既然如此，研究小组提出了一个简单的想法：将超声波应用于水收集材料，他们可以打破水分子和材料之间的弱键，使水迅速震动并脱落成水滴)”可知，研究小组是基于超声波的物理特性（能产生微观震动）提出了这个新想法。故选B。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“A solar cell can run the system and also act as a sensor that signals when the storage material has reached full limit.(太阳能电池可以为系统供电，也可以作为传感器，在存储材料达到极限时发出信号)”可知，太阳能电池在超声波设备中的作用是为设备供电并监测容量。故选C。 【35题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Endless possibilities will unfold when distinct fields of science — ultrasound technology, materials science and environmental engineering — come together.(当不同的科学领域——超声波技术、材料科学和环境工程——结合在一起时，无限的可能性将会展开)”可知，研究小组的技术突破主要归功于跨学科的融合。故选B。 34 福建省泉州市2026届高中毕业班模拟考试（三检） C篇 本文是一篇书评。文章介绍书籍《Mindshift》的核心内容、价值及局限性，传递终身成长理念。 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Barbara Oakley’s Mindshift works like a wise guide, helping us remove these mental blocks.(芭芭拉·奥克利的《思维转变》就像一位睿智的向导，帮助我们消除这些心理障碍)”可知，这本书能帮助人们克服内心阻碍，实现自我改变。故选C项。 【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“These are not tales of sudden genius, but of imperfect practice through setbacks and slow progress. Oakley introduces a powerful concept — second-skilling.(这些并非突然开窍的天才故事，而是历经挫折、缓慢进步的点滴实践。奥克利提出了一个强有力的概念——二次技能培养)”可知，格雷厄姆和阿里的事例，是为了论证二次技能培养的价值，打破固有标签实现人生重塑。故选A项。 【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Oakley draws on interviews with dozens of career changers to show what strategies worked and what pitfalls to avoid.(奥克利通过采访数十位转行人士，阐述了哪些方法有效，以及要避开哪些pitfalls)”可知，句中“strategies worked”与“pitfalls to avoid”形成对应，结合语境可猜测pitfalls意为“潜在的陷阱、易犯的错误”，与Hidden traps意思相近。故选B项。 【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“That said, the book’s perspective isn’t universal.(即便如此，这本书的观点并非普适)”以及第五段“Yet perhaps that coolness is its strength: it doesn’t sell miracles, but offers a solid framework.(但或许这种理性正是它的优势：它不宣扬奇迹，而是提供可靠的框架)”可知，作者既肯定了该书的实用价值，也指出了其视角局限性，态度为欣赏但带有批判性。故选B项。 D篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了特定细菌可减少农业一氧化二氮排放。 【32题详解】细节理解题。 根据第二段中“According to co-author Professor Lars Bakken of the Norwegian University of Life Sciences, the gas is 265 times more effective at warming the atmosphere than carbon dioxide and can remain in the air for over a century.(据挪威生命科学大学的合著者Lars Bakken教授称，这种气体使大气变暖的效率是二氧化碳的265倍，并且可以在空气中停留一个多世纪)”可知，一氧化二氮是主要的气候问题是因为它比二氧化碳的变暖效应强得多。故选D。 【33题详解】细节理解题。 根据第三段中“To develop the solution, researchers grew the bacteria using organic waste. Building on past work, they looked for a microorganism that would reduce nitrous oxide emissions without staying in the soil for so long that it harmed other life forms important for crop health. The bacteria reduced emissions after a second fertiliser treatment by about half two weeks later. After three months, the makeup of microbial (微生物的) life was unchanged, suggesting the bacteria would not harm the soil.(为了开发解决方案，研究人员使用有机废物培养细菌。在以往工作的基础上，他们寻找一种微生物，这种微生物能够减少一氧化二氮的排放，而不会在土壤中停留太久，从而危害对作物健康重要的其他生命形式。两周后，第二次施肥处理后，细菌减少了约一半的排放。三个月后，微生物的组成没有变化，这表明细菌不会伤害土壤)”可知，研究人员发现了一种能减少一氧化二氮排放且不伤害土壤的微生物。故选D。 【34题详解】主旨大意题。 根据第四段中“The bacteria, which are not genetically modified, occur naturally in anaerobic digesters — facilities that transform organic waste into biofuels. That might ease acceptance of their use, said Paul Carini of the University of Arizona, who was not involved in the research. Moreover, Bakken stated that this “opens up a number of new possibilities” for managing farmland. The bacteria could be added to fertilisers, offering a potential direct application for farmers. As Carini noted, using a waste product from one industrial process to benefit another is cost-effective.(这些细菌没有经过基因改造，自然存在于厌氧消化器中，厌氧消化器是将有机废物转化为生物燃料的设施。亚利桑那大学的Paul Carini没有参与这项研究，他说，这可能会让人们更容易接受它们的使用。此外，Bakken表示，这为农田管理“开辟了许多新的可能性”。这种细菌可以添加到肥料中，为农民提供潜在的直接应用。正如Carini所指出的，利用一个工业过程的废物产品来造福另一个工业过程是具有成本效益的)”可知，第四段主要讨论了这种细菌的潜在好处。故选A。 【35题详解】细节理解题。 根据最后一段中“More critically, farmers currently get no financial motivation to adopt such methods.(更关键的是，农民目前没有采用这种方法的经济动力)”可知，缺乏对农民的经济利益阻碍了这一发现的应用。故选C。 35 湖北省襄阳市高三年级3月统一调研测试 C篇 这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了南跳岩企鹅的生存现状与保护 【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Some also track diving and heart-rate information. Later, in the scientists’ field station, we gather around a computer screen, analyzing the collected data, which will give us a critical read on ocean conditions, revealed by the birds’ responses.(还有一些则会追踪潜水和心率数据。随后，在科学家们的野外工作站里，我们围坐在电脑屏幕前，分析收集到的数据，这些数据将为我们提供有关海洋状况的重要信息，而这些信息是通过鸟类的反应反映出来的)”可知，黑色盒子的功能是为了记录海洋状况的数据，故选D。 【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Despite their bravery, rockhoppers are highly sensitive. Research by these scientists shows that even a small increase in sea temperature can affect the birds’ food supply and lower chick and adult survival. Besides, changing weather is causing unseasonably intense storms, killing chicks who haven’t yet grown their thick, waterproof feathers.(尽管它们很勇敢，但跳岩企鹅非常敏感。这些科学家的研究表明，即使海温只是小幅上升，也会对鸟类的食物供应产生影响，并降低雏鸟和成年鸟的存活率。此外，气候变化导致的异常强风暴正在夺走尚未长出厚实防水羽毛的雏鸟的生命)”可知，跳岩企鹅对环境变化非常敏感：微小的海水升温就会影响它们的食物供应、降低存活率，反常的极端风暴也会杀死幼雏，这是它们种群面临的挑战，故选D。 【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中““It may be impossible to stop the changes sweeping their ocean habitats,” Quillfeldt, a seabird ecologist says. “But to help them on land, at the breeding (繁殖) sites, is something we can actually do.”(“或许无法阻止席卷它们海洋栖息地的变化，”海洋鸟类生态学家Quillfeldt说道，“但在陆地上，在繁殖地帮助它们，这是我们实际上能够做到的事情。”)”可知，可做的实际行动是改善企鹅的繁殖地点，故选B。 【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Curiosity and bravery can encourage seabirds to find ways to adapt. Don’t forget they’ve got attitude.(好奇心和勇气能够激励海鸟寻找适应的方法。别忘了它们还有态度)”可知，跳岩企鹅的勇气和好奇心可以鼓励它们找到适应环境的方法，故作者对它们的未来是充满希望的，故选A。 D篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了生成式人工智能（AI）在视频游戏中的应用情况，包括其快速生成游戏代码的优势、以Oasis为例展示的AI生成虚拟环境的功能，同时也阐述了使用生成式AI创建视频游戏存在的弊端以及不同人对AI生成游戏内容的看法。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“John Hester, a retired software developer, who lives in Southern California, asked Grok 3, a large language model, to write him code (代码) for a game that he could play on his computer last February. Some two hours later, he had “a playable, functional game.” “It’s so amazing,” he says.(退休的软件开发者约翰·赫斯特（John Hester）住在南加州，去年二月，他让大型语言模型Grok 3为他编写一款可以在电脑上玩的游戏代码。大约两个小时后，他有了一个“可玩、功能齐全的游戏”。“太神奇了，”他说)”可知，约翰·赫斯特印象深刻是因为Grok 3很快为他编写了游戏代码。故选C。 【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Oasis, which was released in 2024, is based on a new type of generative AI called a world model. Whatever is on the screen now feeds into the AI world model. It predicts what you will see next based on what you’re seeing now and builds virtual environments you can move through on the spot. (Oasis于2024年发布，它基于一种名为世界模型的新型生成式AI。现在屏幕上显示的任何内容都会输入到AI世界模型中。它根据你当前看到的内容预测你接下来会看到什么，并构建你可以当场移动的虚拟环境)”可知，Oasis能为游戏玩家提供AI生成的虚拟环境。故选B。 【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“A person’s creative work reflects their experience of living in the world. And today’s generative AI can only copy what people have already created.(一个人的创造性工作反映了他们在这个世界上的生活经历。而今天的生成式AI只能复制人们已经创造出来的东西)”和第四段中“When you care about game characters, it’s “because someone took the time to craft that dialogue for you, with many rewrites and deep thought.”(当你关心游戏角色时，那是因为“有人花时间为你精心制作了对话，经过多次重写和深思熟虑。”)”可知，库克认为一个人的创造性工作反映其生活经历，当前生成式AI只能复制已有内容；特莎认为人们关心游戏角色是因为有人花时间精心制作对话。由此可推知，库克和特莎都认为人类创造了生动的游戏内容。故选C。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首先通过约翰·赫斯特让Grok 3快速编写游戏代码的例子引出生成式AI在视频游戏中的应用，接着介绍了基于生成式AI的游戏Oasis能构建虚拟环境的功能，然后讨论了使用生成式AI创建视频游戏存在只能复制已有内容、可能导致内容无趣等弊端，最后引用了不同人对AI生成游戏内容的看法。因此，文章主要讨论了生成式AI是否能创造出优秀的视频游戏，A选项“AI, Create Awesome Video Games?(AI制作优秀游戏？)”适合作为标题。故选A。 36 山东省青岛市2026届高三第一次适应性检测 C篇 本文介绍了一项关于人类与自然联系减弱的研究。研究发现，描述自然的词汇在书籍中出现频率下降，这反映了人们与自然直接接触减少的趋势。研究通过计算机模型预测，如果城市化持续发展且父母不再传递对自然的倾向，未来几代人将经历“体验的消失”。研究指出，解决问题的有效方法是从儿童早期开始建立与自然的联系，并通过长期政策（如改革早期教育和城市设计）来巩固这种联系，即使每天增加少量户外时间也能产生积极影响。 28. B根据第一段：“This decline... mirrors a broader change he has traced through 220 years of records on urbanisation, the loss of wildlife in neighbourhoods, and parents no longer passing on engagement with nature to their children.”（这种下降……反映了他在220年记录中追踪到的更广泛的变化：城市化、社区野生动植物减少，以及父母不再将与大自然的接触传递给孩子。）这些变化都指向人们与自然的直接接触减少。A选项“自然词汇已从书中消失”过于绝对，原文是“appeared less frequently”；C选项“城市化破坏了野生动物栖息地”是原因之一，不是追踪的核心变化；D选项“父母花更多时间与孩子在户外”与原文相反。 29. A根据第二段：“future generations continuing to lose an awareness of nature because it is not present in increasingly built-up neighbourhoods, while parents no longer pass on an ‘orientation’ towards the natural world.”（未来几代人将继续失去对自然的意识，因为在日益建筑化的社区中自然已不存在，同时父母也不再传递对自然世界的“倾向”。）这直接说明原因是他们在远离自然的环境中长大。B选项“无法适应自然变化”未提及；C选项“高楼大厦充斥社区”是原因之一，但“raised away from nature”概括得更全面；D选项“学校自然课程少”文中未提。 30. A根据第四段：“Research indicates that government initiatives reshaping early education and urban design must be consistently applied over the next 25 years. Once established, this connection can become self-sustaining.”（研究表明，重塑早期教育和城市设计的政府举措必须在未来25年内持续推行。一旦建立，这种联系可以自我维持。）这说明最有效的解决方案是推进长期政策。B选项“发起环保运动”和C选项“提高成人意识”在第三段被认为效果有限；D选项“扩大特定区域的绿地”在第三段被指出需要增加10倍才有效，不是“最有效”。 31. D根据最后一段：谢菲尔德的人每天平均在自然空间仅花4分36秒。Richardson说：“Increase that by ten, and people are spending 40 minutes outside every day - that may be enough”（增加十倍，人们每天就在户外待40分钟——这可能就够了。）这说明小小的努力（每天增加时间）就有助于改善与自然的接触。A选项“自然接触因城市而异”文中未对比；B选项“人们的生活习惯难以改变”与文意相反；C选项“需要新的测量自然时间的方法”未提及。 D篇 本文探讨了如何评估人工智能（AI）模型是否真正具备科学推理能力。文章介绍了用于测试AI科学能力的基准测试，特别是新发布的“人类最后考试”（HLE）基准，该基准包含2500个前沿科学问题。尽管HLE已成为各大AI公司展示产品能力的重要测试平台（最高分从8.3%提升至48.4%），但也有科学家质疑其测试的是“冷门甚至无用的知识”，而非真正的科研能力，并呼吁开发更能衡量专家级思维的基准。 32. B定位到第二段原句：“But the complexity of science makes assessing their aptitude especially challenging.”（但科学的复杂性使得评估它们的____尤其具有挑战性。）前文提到用基准测试来“measure an AI's efficiency and reliability”（衡量AI的效率和可靠性），后文引用专家的话“Models have all this knowledge. Do they know how to use it?”（模型拥有所有这些知识。它们知道如何使用吗？）因此，“aptitude”在此处指的是模型运用知识的能力/表现，而非$