Unit3语法讲解及习题：可数名词复数+There be句型2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语七年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦可数名词复数规则与There be句型，以校园话题为载体，构建“规则-应用-易错”三维训练体系，系统培养语言运用能力与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |可数名词复数|规则6类+10题转换/8题填空|规则分类（读音+例词+教材例句）+限定词搭配+易错提醒|从概念（可数/不可数）到规则（6类变化），形成“概念-规则-语境应用”链条| |There be句型|4句式+7题填空/4题单选/4题转换|就近原则+四种句式结构+some/any区分+句型转换技巧|以“存在”核心含义为起点，通过句式变化实现从基础到综合应用的逻辑递进|

仁爱英语七上Unit3语法讲解及习题：可数名词复数+There be句型 一、单元核心语法总览 本单元两大核心语法： 1. Countable nouns 可数名词单数变复数规则：可数名词可以计数，有单数、复数两种形式，系统梳理各类复数变化规则，围绕校园科目、教室物品、校园活动等话题展开。 2. There be 句型：表示 “某地有某物”，核心遵循就近原则，区分单数 / 复数肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句及简略回答，用于描述教室、校园里存在的物品。 第一部分：可数名词复数 1. 基础概念 可数名词：能够直接用数字计数的名词，有单数（单个）和复数（两个及以上）形式； 不可数名词：无法直接计数（如水、牛奶），本单元暂不重点讲解。 单数：名词原形；复数：名词变形后表示多个，本单元重点学习规则变化。 2. 可数名词单数变复数完整规则 规则 1：一般情况，词尾直接加 -s 读音：清辅音后读 /s/，浊辅音 / 元音后读 /z/ 例：book→books；desk→desks；student→students 教材例句：My sister likes reading books. 规则 2：以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾，词尾加 -es，读 /ɪz/ 例：watch→watches；glass→glasses；dish→dishes；box→boxes 教材例句：There are two boxes in the boy’s hands. 规则 3：以 o 结尾的有生命名词，加 -es；无生命名词加 -s 有生命：tomato→tomatoes；potato→potatoes 无生命：photo→photos；radio→radios 教材表格：tomato → tomatoes 规则 4：以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 -es；元音字母 + y 直接加 s 辅音 + y：country→countries；family→families 元音 + y（a/e/i/o/u+y）：toy→toys；boy→boys 教材表格：toy→toys；country→countries 规则 5：以 f /fe 结尾，大多变 f/fe 为 v，再加 -es，读 /vz/ 例：half→halves；knife→knives；leaf→leaves 教材例句：There are two knives on the table. 教材表格：half→halves 规则 6：不规则复数（本册高频） man→men；woman→women；child→children；foot→feet 3. 限定词搭配规则 · a/an + 可数名词单数：a classroom, an activity · many/some/several + 可数名词复数：many activities, some buses · this/that + 单数；these/those + 复数 4. 单元拓展例句（校园话题） · We have many interesting school activities. 我们有许多有趣的校园活动。 · Three school buses take students to school every morning. 三辆校车每天早上接送学生。 · There are different classrooms for different subjects. 不同科目在不同教室上课。 易错提醒 ❌ countrys ✅ countries；❌ knifes ✅ knives；❌ tomatos ✅ tomatoes 第二部分：There be 句型 1. 核心含义 There be 句型 = 某地存在有某物（客观存在），区别于 have/has（某人拥有某物）。 结构：There + is/are + 名词 + 地点状语 2. 核心就近原则 be 动词单复数，只由紧跟在 be 后面的第一个名词决定，和后面并列名词无关： There is a pen and two books on the desk.（紧跟 a pen 单数，用 is） There are two books and a pen on the desk.（紧跟 two books 复数，用 are） 3. 四种句式完整结构 （1）肯定句 · 单数名词：There is (There's) + a/an + 单数名词 + 地点 例：There is a blackboard in our classroom. · 复数名词：There are (There're) + some + 复数名词 + 地点 例：There are some desks in the classroom. （2）否定句：在 be 后直接加 not，some 改为 any · 单数：There isn't (is not) + a/an/any + 单数名词 例：There isn't a clock on the wall. · 复数：There aren't (are not) + any + 复数名词 例：There aren't any bottles in the box. （3）一般疑问句：把 is/are 提前，some 变 any 单数：Is there a/an/any + 单数名词 + 地点？ 简略回答：Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. 复数：Are there any + 复数名词 + 地点？ 简略回答：Yes, there are. / No, there aren't. （4）特殊疑问句 What's + 地点？（某地有什么？） 例：—What's in the big box? —There are some bottles.（教材原对话） 4. some & any 用法区分 肯定句常用 some：There is some juice. 否定句、疑问句常用 any：Is there any water? / There isn't any water. 5. 例句 —Is there any water in the bottles? —No, there isn't. But there is some juice. —Are there any toys in the small boxes? —Yes, there are. 易错辨析 There is a bag.（某地有一个包）≠ He has a bag.（他拥有一个包） 综合练习题 一、写出下列名词的复数形式 1. watch _________ 2. glass _________ 3. dish _________ 4. tomato _________ 5. toy _________ 6. country _________ 7. half _________ 8. bus _________ 9. knife _________ 10. activity _________ 二、用括号内名词正确形式填空 1. We have many different school _________ (activity). 2. There are two _________ (box) on the teacher’s desk. 3. Mike makes many _________ (friend) at the science club. 4. They go to different _________ (classroom) for different subjects. 5. There are three school _________ (bus) near the playground. 6. These _________ (country) have colorful school life. 7. I can see two _________ (knife) on the table. 8. There are some _________ (photo) on the wall of our classroom. 三、用 is/are 填空，完成 There be 句子 1. There _________ a clock on the wall. 2. There _________ many desks and chairs in the classroom. 3. There _________ a pen and two rulers in my pencil-box. 4. There _________ two rulers and a pen in my pencil-box. 5. _________ there any juice in the bottle? 6. There _________ not any books on the sofa. 7. —Are there any balls in the classroom? —Yes, there _________. 四、单项选择 ( 1. There _________ an eraser and three books on the desk. A. is B. are C. have D. has ( ) 2. How many _________ are there in your school? A. classroom B. classrooms C. a classroom D. an classroom ( ) 3. —Is there any milk in the cup? —_________. A. Yes, there are B. No, there isn't C. Yes, it is D. No, it isn't ( ) 4. There aren't _________ oranges on the table, but there is _________ apple. A. any; an B. some; an C. any; a D. some; a 五、句型转换 1. There is a blackboard in our classroom.（改为否定句） There _________ _________ a blackboard in our classroom. 2. There are some bottles in the box.（改为一般疑问句） _________ _________ any bottles in the box? 3. Are there any toys in the small boxes?（做否定回答） No, _________ _________. 4. There are ten desks in the classroom.（对划线部分 ten 提问） _________ _________ desks are there in the classroom? 参考答案 一、名词复数答案 1. watches 以 ch 结尾，+es 2. glasses 以 ss 结尾，+es 3. dishes 以 sh 结尾，+es 4. tomatoes 有生命 o 结尾 + es 5. toys 元音字母 o+y，直接 + s 6. countries 辅音 r+y，变 y 为 i+es 7. halves f 结尾，变 f 为 v+es 8. buses s 结尾 + es 9. knives fe 结尾，变 fe 为 v+es 10. activities 辅音 t+y，变 y 为 i+es 二、名词形式填空 1. activities many 后必须接可数名词复数 2. boxes two 表示两个，box 以 x 结尾，复数 boxes 3. friends many + 复数名词，friend→friends 4. classrooms different（不同的）后接复数名词 5. buses three 三辆，bus 以 s 结尾复数 buses 6. countries these 这些，后接复数 country→countries 7. knives two 两把，knife 复数 knives 8. photos some 一些，photo 无生命 o 结尾，复数直接 + s 三、There be 填空 1. is a clock 单数，用 is 2. are desks 复数，用 are 3. is 就近原则，紧跟 a pen 单数，用 is 4. are 就近原则，紧跟 two rulers 复数，用 are 5. Is 单数名词 juice，疑问句开头用 Is 6. are books 复数，否定用 aren't 7. are 问句以 Are there 提问，肯定回答用 there are 四、单项选择 1. A 就近原则，an eraser 单数，用 is；have/has 表示 “拥有”，不能和 there 连用。 2. B how many（多少）后固定搭配可数名词复数 classrooms。 3. B Is there...? 的否定回答固定 No, there isn't。 4. A 否定句用 any；apple 元音音素开头，用 an。 五、句型转换 1. is not /isn't There is 否定直接在 is 后加 not。 2. Are there 复数句变疑问句，把 are 提前，some 变 any。 3. there aren't Are there...? 否定回答固定 No, there aren't. 4. How many 对可数名词数量 ten 提问，用 How many + 复数名词。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $