Unit 2 A Look into the Past 单元综合测试2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语下册

九年级英语下册 Unit 2 A Look into the Past 单元综合测试 （满分：100分） 姓名：__________ 班级：__________ 得分：__________ 第一部分 单词、短语与句子（共15分） A）根据首字母或汉语提示填空。（每题1分，共5分） （第1~3题根据首字母填空，第4~5题根据括号内的汉语提示填写单词） 1. The a____ found a gold coin from the Ming Dynasty at the bottom of the river. 2. Many ancient r_____ of the city were discovered under the modern buildings. 3. Historians study old documents and o_______ to learn about past events. 4. This museum has a large collection of prehistoric ______（化石）of dinosaurs. 5. The Great Wall is one of the most famous historical ________（遗址）in China. B）用所给短语的适当形式填空。（每题1分，共5分） find out about；according to；used to；in the past；look into 6. _______ historical records, the battle took place in 208 AD. 7. Scientists are _______ the cause of the ancient city's sudden disappearance. 8. My grandmother _______ tell me stories about her childhood during the war. 9. We can _______ the daily life of ancient people by studying their tools. 10. _______, people travelled mainly on foot or by horse. C）根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。（每空0.5分，共5分） 11. 这些陶器碎片被认为有三千多年的历史。 These pottery pieces _______ _______ _______ be over 3,000 years old. 12. 这个遗址是在20世纪80年代被发现的。 This site _______ _______ in the 1980s. 13. 考古学家正在努力找出这座古城衰落的原因。 Archaeologists are trying to _______ _____ why this ancient city declined. 14. 据说这条运河是明朝时期修建的。 It _______ said that this canal _______ built during the Ming Dynasty. 15. 过去人们常常用贝壳作为货币。 People _______ _______ use shells as money in ancient times. 第二部分 完形填空（共15分，每小题1.5分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 How do we know what life was like 5,000 years ago? We have no videos or photos. But we have [16]______（underline）— the things people left behind. These include tools, weapons, pots, and even buildings. One of the most amazing archaeological finds is the Terracotta Army in China. It was discovered in 1974 by some farmers [17]______（underline）they were digging a well. They found thousands of life-sized clay soldiers, horses, and chariots. Each soldier has a [18]______（underline）face, showing that they were made by skilled artists. The Terracotta Army was built to protect the first emperor of China, Qin Shihuang, in his [19]______（underline）life. It shows us how powerful and rich the empire was. It also [20]______（underline）us about the technology and art of that period. But many questions [21]______（underline）unanswered. Why did the emperor need such a large army? How did they make so many soldiers in such a short time? Archaeologists continue to [22]______（underline）the site, hoping to find more clues. Studying the past is like [23]______（underline） a huge jigsaw puzzle. Each new discovery adds a piece. Sometimes the pieces fit, but sometimes they [24]_____（underline）our old ideas. That is what makes history so [25]______（underline）— there is always something new to learn. 16. A. stories B. books C. artifacts D. photos 17. A. while B. until C. unless D. although 18. A. common B. different C. similar D. strange 19. A. daily B. private C. afterlife D. public 20. A. asks B. warns C. tells D. orders 21. A. remain B. become C. turn D. grow 22. A. build B. protect C. study D. repair 23. A. making B. solving C. drawing D. carrying 24. A. support B. challenge C. repeat D. ignore 25. A. boring B. dangerous C. exciting D. peaceful 第三部分 阅读理解（共20分，每小题2分） A 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Rosetta Stone: A Key to the Past For centuries, ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs (象形文字) were a mystery. No one could read them. That changed in 1799 when a French soldier discovered a large black stone near the town of Rosetta in Egypt. This stone, later called the Rosetta Stone, had the same text written in three different scripts: hieroglyphs, demotic (a simpler Egyptian script), and ancient Greek. Because scholars could read Greek, they used it to understand the other two scripts. A French scholar named Jean-François Champollion worked on the stone for many years. In 1822, he finally cracked the code. He realized that hieroglyphs were not just pictures; they represented sounds as well. This breakthrough allowed historians to read thousands of Egyptian texts. The Rosetta Stone is now kept in the British Museum in London. It is one of the most important objects in history because it opened the door to ancient Egyptian civilization. Without it, we would know very little about the pharaohs, their beliefs, and their daily lives. Today, the stone remains a symbol of how language can connect us to the past. It reminds us that even a single object can change our understanding of history. 26. Where was the Rosetta Stone discovered? A. In France. B. In Greece. C. In Egypt. D. In England. 27. What did the Rosetta Stone contain? A. Three different stories. B. The same text in three scripts. C. A list of Egyptian kings. D. A map of ancient Egypt. 28. Why could scholars understand the hieroglyphs? A. They already knew demotic. B. They used Greek to compare. C. They found a dictionary. D. They asked Egyptian priests. 29. Who finally deciphered (破译) the hieroglyphs? A. A French soldier. B. Jean-François Champollion. C. A British historian. D. An Egyptian scholar. 30. What does the writer say about the Rosetta Stone? A. It is the oldest object in the British Museum. B. It is still a mystery to scholars. C. It helped reveal ancient Egyptian civilization. D. It contains only religious texts. B 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 How Do Archaeologists Know Where to Dig? Archaeologists don't just dig anywhere. They use many clues to decide where to look for ancient sites. First, they study old documents and maps. Written records sometimes mention lost cities or important battles. By comparing modern landscapes with old descriptions, they can guess where ruins might be. Second, they use technology. Aerial photos and satellite images can show hidden patterns in the ground, such as old walls or roads. Ground-penetrating radar can "see" underground without digging. These tools save time and prevent unnecessary damage. Third, they listen to local people. Farmers often find ancient objects while working in their fields. In China, the Terracotta Army was discovered by farmers digging a well. Local stories and legends may also contain historical truth. Finally, archaeologists sometimes dig just because of chance. In 1947, a shepherd found ancient scrolls (卷轴) in a cave near the Dead Sea. These scrolls, known as the Dead Sea Scrolls, turned out to be one of the most important biblical discoveries. So, archaeology is a mix of science, history, and luck. Every dig is a step into the unknown, but with careful planning, the past can speak to us again. 31. What is the first method mentioned for finding archaeological sites? A. Using satellite images. B. Listening to local people. C. Studying old documents and maps. D. Digging randomly. 32. How can aerial photos help archaeologists? A. They show what is underground. B. They reveal patterns like old walls. C. They provide exact dates of ruins. D. They identify ancient objects. 33. What is ground-penetrating radar used for? A. To dig holes faster. B. To see underground without digging. C. To date fossils. D. To translate ancient languages. 34. How did the Dead Sea Scrolls get discovered? A. By a team of scientists. B. By a shepherd by chance. C. By using satellite images. D. By reading old maps. 35. What does the writer think of archaeology? A. It is purely a science. B. It depends only on luck. C. It combines science, history, and luck. D. It is too expensive to carry out. 第四部分 七选五（共10分，每小题2分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why Study History? Some people think history is boring — just a list of names and dates. But history is much more than that. 36. _______ First, history helps us understand our present. Many events today have roots in the past. 37. _______ By looking back, we can see why certain customs, laws, or conflicts exist. Second, history teaches us about human nature. We learn how people reacted to challenges like wars, famines, and plagues. 38. _______ This helps us make better decisions in our own lives. Third, history preserves cultural identity. When we know our ancestors' stories, we feel a connection to them. 39. _______ It reminds us of where we came from. Fourth, history can be a source of inspiration. The achievements of great leaders, inventors, and artists encourage us to dream big. 40. _______ So next time you open a history book, remember: you are not just reading about the dead. You are discovering the story of humanity — and your own place in it. A. It helps us appreciate our traditions and values. B. History is always changing as new evidence appears. C. We can see patterns of success and failure. D. Their stories show us what is possible. E. History is only about wars and kings. F. To understand why something happens, we need to know its history. G. It is a living subject that affects our daily lives. 第五部分 语法填空（共15分，每小题1.5分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The ancient city of Pompeii 41. _______ (bury) by a volcanic eruption in 79 AD. For nearly 1,700 years, it 42. _______ (forget). Then, in 1748, it was discovered by workers digging a well. Since then, archaeologists 43. _______ (uncover) a large part of the city. Pompeii gives us a unique look into Roman life. Because the ash covered everything quickly, many buildings, objects, and even people 44. _______ (preserve) perfectly. You can see what people 45. _______ (eat), what they wore, and how they decorated their homes. One of the most interesting things about Pompeii is the graffiti (涂鸦) on the walls. Ancient Romans wrote messages, jokes, and advertisements on walls, just like we do on social media. These graffiti 46. _______ (discover) over the years, and they show us the everyday language of ordinary people. However, Pompeii also faces dangers. The ruins are exposed to weather, pollution, and tourists. Many parts 47. _______ (damage) in recent years. Scientists are working hard to protect the site. They believe that it 48. _______ (should / treat) with great care. Thanks to Pompeii, we know much more about Roman society. It is like a time capsule 49. _______ was opened after centuries. The more we study it, the more we learn about 50. _______ people lived, loved, and died in ancient times. 第六部分 任务型阅读（共10分，每小题2分） 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容用完整的英语句子回答下列问题。 The Great Wall: More Than Just a Wall The Great Wall of China is one of the most famous structures in the world. It stretches over 21,000 kilometers across northern China. But why was it built? The earliest walls were built during the Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BC) by different states to protect themselves from enemies. In 221 BC, Emperor Qin Shihuang united China and ordered the connection of these walls to form a single defense line. This was the first "Great Wall". Later dynasties, especially the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644), rebuilt and extended the wall. Contrary to popular belief, the wall was not just a continuous barrier. It had watchtowers, fortresses, and gates. Soldiers lived in these towers and used smoke signals and flags to send messages quickly. The wall was also used to control trade and immigration — merchants and travelers had to pass through gates where they paid taxes. However, the wall was not always effective. Invaders sometimes found ways to break through, either by bribing guards or by going around the ends. Over time, the wall lost its military importance. But today, it stands as a symbol of China's strength and historical resilience (韧性). In 1987, the Great Wall was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Millions of tourists visit it each year. It reminds us not only of ancient engineering skills but also of the human desire to protect one's home. 51. When were the earliest walls built? 52. Who first connected the walls into a single Great Wall? 53. What were watchtowers used for? 54. Why was the Great Wall not always successful as a defense? 55. What does the Great Wall symbolize today according to the passage? 第七部分 书面表达（共15分） 题目： 描述一件历史文物或一个遗址，并说明它如何帮助我们了解过去。 要求： 1. 写明这件文物或遗址是什么； 2. 说明它来自哪个时期或文明； 3. 至少使用两个被动语态句子（如：It was discovered by... / It is used to...）； 4. 词数80词左右；结构清晰，语言正确。 解析版答案 第一部分 单词、短语与句子（共15分） A）根据首字母或汉语提示填空（每题1分，共5分） 答案1. archaeologist 2. ruins 3. objects 4. fossils 5. sites 解析 1. 句意：考古学家在河底发现了一枚明朝的金币。根据语境“发现金币”可知是考古学家，首字母a，填 archaeologist。 2. 句意：这座城市的许多古代遗迹在现代建筑下面被发现。首字母r，与“古代”搭配指“遗迹”，用复数 ruins。 3. 句意：历史学家研究旧文献和物品来了解过去的事件。与documents并列，首字母o，填 objects（物品）。 4. 句意：这个博物馆收藏了大量史前恐龙化石。汉语提示“化石”，填 fossils（常用复数）。 5. 句意：长城是中国最著名的历史遗址之一。汉语提示“遗址”，填 sites。 B）用所给短语的适当形式填空（每题1分，共5分） 答案 6. According to 7. looking into 8. used to 9. find out about 10. In the past 解析 6. 句意：根据历史记录，这场战役发生在公元208年。“根据”用 According to，句首首字母大写。 7. 句意：科学家们正在调查这座古城突然消失的原因。前有are，后接现在分词构成现在进行时，填 looking into（调查）。 8. 句意：我的祖母过去常常给我讲她战争时期的童年故事。“过去常常”用 used to，后接动词原形tell。 9. 句意：我们可以通过研究古人的工具来了解他们的日常生活。“了解”用 find out about，can后接动词原形。 10. 句意：在过去，人们主要靠步行或骑马出行。“在过去”作状语，句首首字母大写 In the past。 C）根据汉语提示完成句子（每空0.5分，共5分） 答案 11. are believed to 12. was discovered 13. find out 14. is, was 15. used to 解析 11. “被认为”用 be believed to，主语pieces为复数，用 are believed to。 12. “被发现”用一般过去时被动语态，主语site为单数，填 was discovered。 13. “找出”用 find out，前面已有to，填动词原形。 14. “据说”固定句型 It is said that；从句中“修建”用一般过去时被动 was built，但此处已给出built，只需填 was。 15. “过去常常做某事”用 used to do，填 used to。 第二部分 完形填空（共15分，每小题1.5分） 答案16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. C 详细解析 16. C. artifacts 破折号后“the things people left behind”（人们留下的东西）是对前文的解释。artifacts意为“人工制品、文物”，包括后文提到的工具、武器、陶器等。stories（故事）、books（书）、photos（照片）均不符合语境。 17. A. while “在挖井的时候发现了兵马俑”，while表示“当……时”，强调两个动作同时发生。until（直到）、unless（除非）、although（虽然）均不符合逻辑。 18. B. different 后文说“显示出它们是由技艺精湛的艺术家制作的”，每个士兵有“不同的”面孔才能体现工艺水平。common（普通的）、similar（相似的）、strange（奇怪的）均不正确。 19. C. afterlife 兵马俑是为保护秦始皇在“死后”生活而建的。afterlife意为“来世、死后生活”，符合历史背景。daily（日常的）、private（私人的）、public（公共的）均不准确。 20. C. tells “告诉我们关于那个时期的技术和艺术”，tell sb about sth为固定搭配。asks（问）、warns（警告）、orders（命令）均不符合。 21. A. remain “许多问题仍然没有被解答”，remain+形容词表“保持某种状态”。become（变成）、turn（转变）、grow（增长）均不符合。 22. C. study 考古学家继续“研究”这个遗址，希望找到更多线索。build（建造）、protect（保护）、repair（修理）均不符合，protect虽有一定合理性，但后文“寻找线索”更贴合study。 23. B. solving “研究过去就像解决一个巨大的拼图”，solve a puzzle为固定搭配。making（制作）、drawing（画）、carrying（搬运）均不正确。 24. B. challenge “有时拼图碎片吻合，但有时它们挑战我们原有的观念”，challenge意为“挑战”，符合语境。support（支持）、repeat（重复）、ignore（忽视）均不符合。 25. C. exciting “这就是历史如此令人兴奋的原因——总有新东西可学”。exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，与后文“总有新东西可学”呼应。boring（无聊的）、dangerous（危险的）、peaceful（和平的）均不符合。 第三部分 阅读理解（共20分，每小题2分） A篇 答案26. C 27. B 28. B 29. B 30. C 解析 26. C. In Egypt.细节题。第一段明确“discovered ... near the town of Rosetta in Egypt”，故选C。 27. B. The same text in three scripts.细节题。第一段“had the same text written in three different scripts: hieroglyphs, demotic, and ancient Greek”，故选B。 28. B. They used Greek to compare.细节题。第二段“Because scholars could read Greek, they used it to understand the other two scripts”，即用希腊语对照理解其他文字，故选B。 29. B. Jean-François Champollion.细节题。第二段“A French scholar named Jean-François Champollion ... finally cracked the code”，故选B。 30. C. It helped reveal ancient Egyptian civilization.细节题。第三段“it opened the door to ancient Egyptian civilization. Without it, we would know very little...”，故选C。A项“最古老的”未提及，B项“仍是谜”与事实相反，D项“只含宗教文本”错误。 B篇 答案31. C 32. B 33. B 34. B 35. C 解析 31. C. Studying old documents and maps. 细节题。第二段首句“First, they study old documents and maps.”，故选C。 32. B. They reveal patterns like old walls. 细节题。第三段“Aerial photos and satellite images can show hidden patterns in the ground, such as old walls or roads.”，故选B。 33. B. To see underground without digging. 细节题。第三段“Ground-penetrating radar can 'see' underground without digging.”，故选B。 34. B. By a shepherd by chance.细节题。第五段“a shepherd found ancient scrolls ... by chance”，故选B。 35. C. It combines science, history, and luck. 主旨题。末段“archaeology is a mix of science, history, and luck”，故选C。A项“纯科学”、B项“只靠运气”、D项“太昂贵”均不符合。 第四部分 七选五（共10分，每小题2分） 答案36. G 37. F 38. C 39. A 40. D 解析 36. G. It is a living subject that affects our daily lives. 上文说“历史远不止于此”，G项“它是一个活生生的、影响我们日常生活的学科”是对“more than that”的具体说明，承上启下，故选G。 37. F. To understand why something happens, we need to know its history. 本段主题“历史帮我们理解现在”，前句说“当今许多事件根植于过去”，F项“要理解某事为何发生，需了解其历史”直接解释原因，衔接自然，故选F。 38. C. We can see patterns of success and failure. 本段主题“历史教会我们人性”，前句提到人们如何应对挑战，C项“我们能看到成功和失败的模式”是学习人性后的结果，与后句“帮助做更好决定”形成因果，故选C。 39. A. It helps us appreciate our traditions and values. 本段主题“历史保护文化身份”，A项“帮助我们珍视传统和价值观”与“感受与祖先的联系”“提醒我们来自哪里”语义一致，故选A。 40. D. Their stories show us what is possible. 本段主题“历史是灵感来源”，前句提到伟大领袖、发明家和艺术家的成就鼓励我们怀揣梦想，D项“他们的故事向我们展示了什么是可能的”是对前句的进一步说明，故选D。 排除选项：B项“历史随新证据而变”虽正确但与各段主题无关；E项“历史只关乎战争和国王”与开头“有些人认为历史无聊”的误解重复，且在“but history is much more than that”之后不应再出现。 第五部分 语法填空（共15分，每小题1.5分） 答案 41. was buried 42. was forgotten 43. have uncovered 44. were preserved 45. ate 46. have been discovered 47. have been damaged 48. should be treated 49. that / which 50. how 解析 41. was buried 庞贝城“被埋葬”，被动语态，时间状语in 79 AD为一般过去时，主语单数，填 was buried。 42. was forgotten 它“被遗忘”，被动语态，一般过去时，填 was forgotten。 43. have uncovered “Since then”为现在完成时标志，主语archaeologists为复数，主动语态，填 have uncovered。 44. were preserved 建筑、物品甚至人“被保存”，被动语态，一般过去时，主语为复数，填 were preserved。 45. ate 人们“吃了什么”，描述过去事实，用一般过去时，填 ate。 46. have been discovered “over the years”为现在完成时标志，graffiti为复数名词（涂鸦），被动语态，填 have been discovered。 47. have been damaged “in recent years”为现在完成时标志，parts为复数，被动语态，填 have been damaged。 48. should be treated “应该被对待”，情态动词被动语态，填 should be treated。 49. that / which 先行词为capsule（胶囊/时间舱），指物，定语从句缺主语，填 that 或 which。 50. how “了解关于人们如何生活、相爱和死去”，how表示方式，填 how。 第六部分 任务型阅读（共10分，每小题2分） 参考答案（完整句子，语法正确即可） 51. The earliest walls were built during the Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BC). 52. Emperor Qin Shihuang first connected the walls into a single Great Wall. 53.Watchtowers were used for sending messages quickly with smoke signals and flags, and soldiers also lived in them. (答出“send messages”即可得分) 54. Because invaders sometimes found ways to break through, either by bribing guards or by going around the ends. 55.It symbolizes China's strength and historical resilience. 解析 51. 定位原文第二段第一句：“The earliest walls were built during the Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BC) by different states...”。 52. 定位原文第二段第二句：“In 221 BC, Emperor Qin Shihuang united China and ordered the connection of these walls to form a single defense line.” 53. 定位原文第三段：“Soldiers lived in these towers and used smoke signals and flags to send messages quickly.” 54. 定位原文第四段：“Invaders sometimes found ways to break through, either by bribing guards or by going around the ends.” 55. 定位原文第四段末句：“it stands as a symbol of China's strength and historical resilience.” 第七部分 书面表达（共15分） 评分标准 评分维度 分值 说明 内容完整性 5分 包含发明/遗址名称、来自哪一时期或文明、如何帮助了解过去 被动语态运用 4分 至少使用2个正确被动语态句子，少一个扣2分 语言准确性 4分 时态、拼写、主谓一致等，每处明显错误扣0.5分，扣完为止 结构与连贯性 2分 有开头、正文、结尾，过渡自然 参考范文（含下划线标注被动语态） The Terracotta Army The Terracotta Army is one of the most amazing archaeological discoveries in the world. It was discovered in 1974 by some farmers in Xi'an, China. These life-sized clay soldiers were made over 2,000 years ago to guard Emperor Qin Shihuang in his afterlife. Each soldier has a different face and expression. They were arranged in battle formation. This site helps us understand the power, art, and military organization of the Qin Dynasty. Today, the Terracotta Army is studied by historians and is visited by millions of tourists. It is regarded as a wonder of ancient engineering. Without it, we would know much less about China's first emperor. 被动语态使用统计：was discovered, were made, were arranged, is studied, is visited, is regarded（共6处，远超要求） 范文解析 · 结构：首段引入（是什么+被谁发现+来自哪一时期），中段细节描述（特征+历史价值），末段现状总结（保护+意义）。 · 内容：完整覆盖题目要求的所有要点。 · 语言：时态正确（一般现在时描述现状，一般过去时描述历史），句式多样，过渡自然。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $