2027届高三英语一轮复习专题11-名词性从句 导学案

该高中英语导学案系统梳理了名词性从句专题，将主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句四大核心考点按功能分类，结合教材例句构建“引导词用法-教材语境-巩固训练”的层级体系，通过问题链设计引导学生自主归纳连接词选择规律，形成完整知识网络。 亮点在于自主诊断与方法迁移设计，开篇设置分考点巩固训练（如主语从句连接词填空），综合练习融入2024年全国甲卷等真题，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。每个模块配套“解题两步走”策略指导，学生可通过错题归因自主提升，教师能依据学情精准辅导，实现个性化备考。

2026-2027学年高三英语一轮复习专题11 名 词 性 从 句 名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子，它的功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 名词性从句的引导词及其用法如下： 考点一：主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中作主语的从句，通常置于主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身置于句子末尾。 1．that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有实际意义，但一般不可省略。 *That the earth goes around the sun is known to us all.众所周知，地球围着太阳转。 2．that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省略。常见的句型主要有以下几种： (1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary、right、likely、unlikely、wrong、important、certain、clear、obvious、strange、normal等)＋that从句 *It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer as that.我不可能接受像那样的帮助。 ＊（人教必修二U4）With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining.这般美景，造就了爱尔兰包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的强大传统也就不足为奇了。 (2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity、a shame、good news、a fact、an honour、a wonder、no wonder等)＋that从句 *It's no wonder that he didn't want to go.难怪他不想去。 (3)It＋be＋动词­ed形式(said、told、heard、reported、decided、suggested、advised、ordered、remembered、thought、considered、well­known、announced等)＋that从句 *It is decided that the meeting has been put off until next Monday. 已经定下来会议被推迟到下周一了。 (4)It＋特殊动词或短语(seem、appear、happen、matter、turn out、occur to、make no difference等)＋that从句 *It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone.她突然想到乔害怕一个人待着。 ＊It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里开会都无所谓。 3．whether/if引导的主语从句 引导主语从句，表示“是否”，只能用whether；若用it作形式主语，则whether与if可互换。 *It's uncertain whether/if he'll come this evening.他今天晚上是否会来还不确定。 ＊（人教选必一U5）Whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.是否有可能培育出水稻等自花授粉植物的杂交种，是一个有很大争议的问题。 4．wh­类连接词引导的主语从句 wh­类连接词包括连接代词(who、whom、what、whose、whoever、whomever、whatever、whosever等)和连接副词(when、why、where、how、whenever、wherever、however等)。 *(2022·浙江卷1月满分作文)What delighted me most was that I happened to meet you, my new friend. 最令我高兴的是我碰巧遇见了你，我的新朋友。 ＊（译林选必一U1）What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is that they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends since a meal can last for hours. 我最喜欢四川火锅的地方是它们提供了一个很好的与朋友交往的机会，因为一顿饭可以持续几个小时。 ＊Whichever team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. 无论哪支球队在周六获胜，都将晋级全国锦标赛 ＊（人教选必一U5）How this could be done was a challenging question at the time. 如何做到这一点在当时是一个具有挑战性的问题。 巩固训练1——单句语法填空 1．（人教选必二U2）At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but _  _   surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. 2．（北师大选必三U9） How it is used, _  _  _  _  _  _   it is a blessing or a curse to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument. 3．（译林选必一U4）It is believed _  _   this poem was written by Li Bai in his teenage years. 考点二：宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用，既可作动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语(作介词的宾语时必须由wh­疑问词引导)。 1．that引导的宾语从句，无实义 (1)动词后有多个that引导宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个开始that不可以省略。 *He told me (that) he had to leave and that he would be back soon. 他告诉我他不得不离开并且很快就会回来。 ＊（人教必修三U1）And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.如果你仔细研究各种节日，你会惊奇地发现不同的文化实际上有很多共同之处。 (2)it作形式宾语的宾语从句。 ①可以用it作形式宾语的动词有find、think、consider、believe、guess、suppose、make等。 *He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed. 他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。 ②hate、like、dislike、appreciate、enjoy等表示“喜欢”“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to、depend on、rely on等后面常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。 *I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent. 你不在的时候，我会负责把他照顾好。 2．if/whether引导的宾语从句 动词之后if/whether都可以引导宾语从句，介词后的宾语从句要用whether。 *It depends on whether we have enough time. 这取决于我们是否有充足的时间。 ＊（人教选必二U3）Put more simply, while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer. 简单地说，当人们还在继续争论高脂肪食物是否有害时，我们已经知晓糖分是健康的杀手。 3．连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句时既充当句子成分又有实际意义，且不可省略。 *I don't want to know who/whom you are talking about.我不想知道你们在谈论谁。 ＊（人教选必二U1）Besides being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes careless in what he said or did. 除了聪明以外，他还很勇敢，虽然有时说话或做事会粗心。 ＊（人教选必四U5）This is because your career is a very important part of who you are. 这是因为你的职业是你身份的一个非常重要的组成部分。 ＊（人教选必二U1）In general，doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. 当时的医生通常有两种截然不同的看法来解释霍乱如何蔓延。 ＊（人教必修三U1）That was the moment I started to understand why people say “Horses are at the heart of Mongolian culture”．我顿时明白了为什么人们说“马是蒙古族文化的核心”了。 ＊They couldn't imagine where he had been on such a stormy night. 他们无法想象在那样的暴风雨之夜,他到什么地方去了。 4．含虚拟语气的宾语从句 一个“坚持(insist)”、两个“命令(order/command)”、三个“建议(suggest/recommend/advise)”、四个“要求(demand/require/request/ask)”等词后，宾语从句用虚拟语气，其谓语动词应为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 *The commander ordered that the troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。 5．宾语从句的否定前移 主句的主语是第一人称，在 think、believe、suppose、expect、imagine等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，往往需要把否定词由从句移到前面主句上，这称为否定前移。 *I don't think you are fit for the job.我认为你不适合这份工作。 *I don't believe they've finished their work yet.我认为他们还未完工。 巩固训练2——单句语法填空 1．（外研必修三U3）Although it has been proved that Franklin's experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned _  _   really happened. 2．（外研必修一U2）At the information desk at the entrance, I asked a lady _  _  _  _   the shoe section was. 3．She said her ambition was to enter a key university，_  _   she would study hard to make her dream come true， and that she would live up to her parents' expectations. 考点三：表语从句 表语从句除可用that、what、when、why、whether、how等引导外，还可用because、as if (though)等引导。 1．that引导的表语从句 that无实际意义，只起连接作用，不可省略。 *The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦的是我把他的地址弄丢了。 ＊（外研选必四U1）Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. 无论我们的选择是大是小，它们都有一个共同点，那就是它们都会带来特定的结果。 2．whether引导的表语从句，whether（是否）只起连接作用,不作成分,一般不省略 *The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题仍然是他们能否帮助我们。 3．连接代词who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever和连接副词where、when、how、why引导的表语从句 ＊（译林必修一U4） Unfortunately, as a teenager, that is often exactly what you do to yourself. 不幸的是，作为一个青少年，那往往正是你对自己所做的。 ＊The problem is which worker should be responsible for the accident. 问题是哪位工人应该对这起事故负责。 *That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今天早晨一上阁楼就做的事。 ＊（译林选必一U2）Then the music gets dramatic with heavier notes and that is when the lovers are separated because Zhu's father forces her to marry another man. 然后伴随着更重的音符，音乐变得激动人心，这是这对恋人因为祝英台的父亲强迫她嫁给另一个男人而分开的时候。 ＊（外研选必三U2）A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee. 他经常到一家简单的餐馆吃同样的食物，有香肠、鸡蛋和咖啡。 4．as if/though引导的表语从句 as if/though引导的表语从句通常置于系动词look、seem、sound、be等的后面；表语从句既可以采用虚拟语气，也可采用直接陈述语气。 *It sounded as if somebody was knocking at the door.　听起来好像有人在敲门。 *The house was in such a mess—it looked as though a boom had dropped on it. 这个房子真乱，看起来就像被炸弹炸过一般。 ＊（人教必修一U4）At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 凌晨3:42,万物开始摇晃。仿佛世界末日即将来临! 5．because强调原因,why强调结果引导的表语从句 .句子的主语为the reason时，表语从句用that引导，表示原因，此时不用because。 ＊（人教必修三U1）I heard it is because children are lighter and the horses can run faster and farther. 我听说这是因为儿童体重更轻，马儿才能跑得更快、更远。 ＊From space, the earth looks blue. This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 从太空中看，地球看起来是蓝色的。这是因为（地球）表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。 *That's because he didn't understand me.那是因为他不理解我。(强调原因) *That's why he got angry with me.那正是他对我生气的原因。(强调结果) [名师点津]　(1)句子的主语为the reason时，表语从句用that引导，表示原因，不用because； (2)由why引导的从句作主语时，表语从句用that引导。 *The reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat. 她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。 *Why we decided to put off the match was that the weather was too terrible. 我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。 巩固训练3——单句语法填空 1．（译林必修二U3）After all, home is _  _  _  _   all family members are together. 2．（人教必修三U4）While disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die. This is _  _  _  _  _  _   people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. 3．（北师大必修一U3）However, what we eat isn't the most important thing. What's important is _  _  _  _  _  _  _  _   we eat it with. 考点四：同位语从句 同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步解释说明，一般用连词that引导。由于名词的意义不同，也可用whether、who、when、where、what、why、how等引导。常见的名词有fact、idea、belief、news、hope、conclusion、evidence、suggestion、order、problem、report、decision、word等。 1. 从属连词 that（无实义）、whether（是否）只起连接作用,不作成分,一般不省略 *Word came that the missing man had been found.有消息传来，那个走失的人已经被找到了。 *The news that Mr Li will be our new English teacher is true.李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。 （译林必修三U3）Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine had taken up too much of my time, and that I could have done something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day. 有时我感到焦虑，这台小机器占用了我太多的时间，我本可以做一些更有意义的事，而不是整天盯着一个小屏幕看。 （译林选必三U2）As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question whether there is life on other planets. 当我们对宇宙有了更多的了解时，有一天我们可能会回答其他行星上是否存在生命的问题。 2. 连接代词 what、who等 ＊They haven't solved the problem who should be in charge of the key project. 他们还没有解决由谁来负责那项重点工程的问题。 *Do you have any idea what is actually going on in the classroom?你知道教室里到底在发生什么事吗？ 3. 连接副词 when、where、why、how等 ＊We haven't yet settled the question when and where we are going to spend our vacation. 我们还没有解决我们什么时候、去哪儿度假的问题。 注意：that与what引导名词性从句的区别： (1)that在从句中不充当句子成分，也没有具体意义； *That he failed in the test again really puzzled us.(that在主语从句中不作任何成分，不可以省略) 他又一次没通过考试，这真让我们感到迷惑不解。 (2)what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语，意为“什么、所……的事情、什么样的”。 *These photographs will show you what our village looks like.(what在宾语从句中作介词like的宾语)这些照片将向你展示我们村庄的面貌。 巩固训练4——单句语法填空1．（人教选必一U5）What keeps them from doing so is the fact _  _   chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. 2．（译林选必二U1）There is concern _  _   the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules. 3．（北师大选必一U1）I had no idea _  _   hydrogen was, and I didn't really want to know, either! 总结：语法填空如何判断名词性从句的关系词 名词性从句解题两步走 第一步：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句； 第二步：判断名词性从句中的连接词：若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词；若缺少状语，则用连接副词；如果不缺少成分，则要考虑意思是否完整，是否需要用whether/if；如果不缺少成分且意思完整，用that。 例：(2022·浙江卷1月)Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ________________ she could do so remotely；about three­quarters of the time, they agreed. 解析：考查宾语从句。根据句意可知，科布开始询问邀请她发言的会议组织者她是否可以远程发言。空处引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。所以填whether。 综合练习 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．[2024·全国甲卷]On a cool， starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in _  _   is now northwestern Wyoming. 2．[2024·浙江卷1月]If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that's _  _   they'll promote. 3．[2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅱ]They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is _  _   they need an English trainer. 4．[2022 ·浙江卷1月]Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak _  _  _  _  _  _  _  _   she could do so remotely. 5． Some Qin bamboo texts were discovered in a tomb in Hubei Province that contained many rules regarding _  _   people were supposed to live and behave. 6. Ban Zhao was born in Anling, near _  _   is now modern Xianyang, Shaanxi Province. 7． Unlike a knife and fork or one's own hands, a pair of chopsticks also implies the meaning of “Harmony is _  _   matters”. 8． The fresh thin air, snow-covered mountains and graceful animals running on the plains are _  _   we're here—to observe Tibetan antelopes, which are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur. 9.It makes no difference _  _  _  _  _  _   you go by bus or by bike, as long as you arrive on time. 10．_  _  _  _  _  _   wants to see the film must buy a ticket first. Otherwise, you wouldn't get into the cinema. 11.．You think the problem lies with the management, and this is _  _  _  _   I disagree. 12.．Although there seemed only a slim chance _  _   the trees could survive, she would not be prevented from trying by the difficulty. Ⅱ.语法填空 Acupuncture, an ancient Chinese medical practice, has been the remedy for 1.   （count） patients for thousands of years. There is evidence that acupuncture 2.   （date） back to the Stone Age, when stone tools were used to press areas of the body 3.   （relieve） pain. Over time, this primitive practice gradually evolved into a comprehensive and profound medical system and shaped the root of acupuncture. 4.   acupuncture actually functions is not clearly understood. But people have come to 5.   universal agreement that acupuncture is a treatment that aims to promote the body's self-regulating functions. Its therapeutic principles are in line with the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine, 6.   emphasize all-inclusive treatment, meridian （经络） adjustment, balance of bodily functions and overall physiological well-being. 7.   the uncertainty about its medical basis, acupuncture has become a global therapy. Over the years, acupuncture 8.  （see） many advancements in scientific research and modern medicine. It is now a mainstream alternative and complementary treatment for 9.  （variety） of weaknesses. According to a WHO report, acupuncture 10.   （include） in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2010 is now used in 113 of its 120 member countries, illustrating its widespread recognition and application. As an ancient Chinese medical practice with a rich history and deep cultural significance, acupuncture is an embodiment （体现） of profound cultural heritage and a holistic path to healing. [答案] 巩固训练1——单句语法填空 1.what [解析]考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句,且在从句中作主语,意为“……的事情”，应用what。 2.whether [解析]考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句,从句中不缺成分，空处意为“是否”，应用whether。 3.that [解析]考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，It 为形式主语,空处引导主语从句,从句语义完整,不缺成分,应用that。 巩固训练2——单句语法填空 1.what[解析]考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作主语,意为“……的事情”，应用what。 2.where[解析]考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句,意为“……的地方”，应用where。 3.that[解析]考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，主句谓语后接三个宾语从句，其中第一个引导宾语从句的that省略了，根据第三个宾语从句的引导词that可知，第二个宾语从句的引导词也应用that。 巩固训练3——单句语法填空 1.where[解析]考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句,意为“……的地方”，应用where引导。 2.because[解析]考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句,表示原因,应用because。 3.who/whom[解析]考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作with的宾语，表示人，应用who或whom。 巩固训练4——单句语法填空 1.that[解析]考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句,解释说明fact的具体内容,从句语义完整,不缺成分,应用that。 2.that[解析]考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句,解释说明 concern 的具体内容,从句语义完整,不缺成分,应用that。 3.what[解析]考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明idea的具体内容，从句缺少表语，意为“……东西”，应用what。 综合训练 ——单句语法填空 1.what [解析]考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在宾语从句中作主语，应用what。 2.what [解析]考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，应用what。 3.why [解析]考查表语从句。“This is why...”意为“这就是为什么……”，为固定句型。 4.whether/if [解析]考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，应用whether或if。 5.how [解析]考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作方式状语,意为“如何、怎样”，应用how。 6.what [解析]考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作主语,意为“……的地方”，应用what。 7.what [解析]考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句,且在从句中作主语,意为“……的事情”，应用what。 8.why [解析]考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句,且在从句中作原因状语，意为“……的原因”,应用why。 9.whether [解析]考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，It为形式主语,空处引导的从句为真正的主语；“whether...or...”,意为“是……还是……”，为固定句式，空处应用whether。 10.Whoever [解析]考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句,且在从句中作主语,意为“无论谁、任何……的人”，应用 whoever。单词位于句首,首字母应大写。 11. where [解析]考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句,且在从句中作地点状语，应用where。 12.that [解析]考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句,解释说明 chance的具体内容,从句语义完整,不缺成分,应用that。 Ⅱ.语法填空【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中医针灸的历史起源以及应用。 1． countless考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词patients，意为“无数的”,应用形容词countless。 2．dates考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作从句中的谓语。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为acupuncture，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 3．to relieve考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。 4．How考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句缺少方式状语，表示“如何”,应用how引导，空处位于句首,首字母应大写。 5．a考查冠词。根据空后的可数名词单数agreement可知，空处应用不定冠词，universal发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 6．which考查定语从句。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine，指物，在从句作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 7．Despite考查介词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空后跟名词作宾语，表示“尽管”，应用despite，空处位于句首，首字母应大写。 8．has seen考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。根据时间状语Over the years可知,时态为现在完成时;主语为acupuncture,助动词应用has。 9．varieties考查名词复数。varieties of为固定用法，意为“各种各样的”。 10．included考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语，空处应作非谓语。include与acupuncture之间是被动关系，应用动词-ed形式作定语。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $