Unit 5 Health matters重点易错（专项训练）-2026-2027学年外研版（三起）英语六年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦单元核心语法与健康话题，通过知识总结+分层训练+解析，系统构建从词汇到句型的语言能力体系，强化语法规则与语用迁移。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识总结|4类核心知识|提炼语法规则（如“should后接动词原形”“the/matter固定搭配”）|从词汇（fever等）→短语（have a fever）→句型（What's the matter?）→语法（should提建议），形成语言要素链| |10大考点训练|每考点9题（基础/提升/拓展）|针对易错点（如flu前加the、tooth→teeth）设计辨析题|按语法功能分层：问诊句型→病症表达→建议句型→综合语用，实现从单一到综合的思维进阶|

外研版（三起）六年级上册 Unit 5 Health matters 重点易错专项训练 2026外研版（三起）六年级上册 Unit 5 Health matters 重点易错专项训练 知识总结 + 10大考点专项训练 + 详细解析 📘 第一部分：单元重点知识总结 📘 重点单词（Word List） ◆ matter /ˈmætə(r)/ n. 事情，问题 —— What's the matter? 怎么了？ ◆ fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/ n. 发烧 —— have a fever 发烧 ◆ runny /ˈrʌni/ adj. 流鼻涕的 —— runny nose 流鼻涕 ◆ sore /sɔː(r)/ adj. 疼痛的 —— sore throat 喉咙痛 ◆ throat /θrəʊt/ n. 喉咙 —— have a sore throat 喉咙痛 ◆ headache /ˈhedeɪk/ n. 头痛 —— have a headache 头痛 ◆ toothache /ˈtuːθeɪk/ n. 牙痛 —— have a toothache 牙痛 ◆ flu /fluː/ n. 流感（零冠词，have the flu） ◆ virus /ˈvaɪrəs/ n. 病毒（复数 viruses） ◆ blackboard /ˈblækbɔːd/ n. 黑板 ◆ dark /dɑːk/ adj. 昏暗的，黑暗的 ◆ gladly /ˈɡlædli/ adv. 高兴地，快乐地 ◆ tip /tɪp/ n. 建议，小贴士 ◆ forget /fəˈɡet/ v. 忘记（三单 forgets） ◆ happiness /ˈhæpinəs/ n. 快乐，幸福 ◆ cough /kɒf/ n./v. 咳嗽 —— have a cough 咳嗽 ◆ medicine /ˈmedsn/ n. 药品 —— take medicine 吃药 ◆ natural /ˈnætʃrəl/ adj. 天然的 —— natural medicines 天然药材 📗 重点短语（Key Phrases） ★ What's the matter? 怎么了？（询问身体不适专用） ★ have a fever 发烧 ★ have a headache 头痛 ★ have a sore throat 喉咙痛 ★ have a runny nose 流鼻涕 ★ have a toothache 牙痛 ★ have a cough 咳嗽 ★ have the flu 得流感（flu前加the） ★ take medicine 吃药 ★ get lots of sleep 充足睡眠 ★ do eye exercises 做眼保健操 ★ look far away 远眺 ★ stay away from (the) flu 远离流感 ★ read in dark places 在暗处看书 ★ take care of 照顾，爱护（take care of your eyes） ★ spend time in nature 花时间在大自然中 ★ be good for 对……有益 ★ be bad for 对……有害 ★ too many + 可数名词复数 / too much + 不可数名词 📙 重点句型（Key Sentences） ▲ — What's the matter? — I have a fever and a bad headache. ▲ — What's the matter with Lingling? — She has the flu. ▲ Viruses fly into your body through your mouth and nose. ▲ You should eat healthy food and do sports. ▲ You shouldn't read in the dark. ▲ Do eye exercises every day. ▲ Go outside often and look far away. ▲ You should take care of your eyes. ▲ Put a smile on your face, and gladly face your day. ▲ Eat healthy food and do sports, then you'll be healthy and strong. ▲ How can I stay away from the flu? ▲ Here are some tips.（倒装句，tips为复数） 📕 重点语法（Key Grammar） ■ 一、What's the matter? 问诊句型 matter前必须加the；with+人称表示"某人怎么了" ■ 二、have + a + 病症（固定搭配） have a fever / headache / toothache / sore throat / runny nose / cough 注意：headache、toothache、sore throat 前必须加 a ■ 三、should / shouldn't 提建议（单元核心语法） 肯定：主语 + should + 动词原形（应该做） 否定：主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形（不应该做） 注意：should 后永远跟动词原形，不加 s / ing / ed ■ 四、be good for / be bad for 对……有益/有害 Too many candies are bad for your teeth. ■ 五、too many + 可数名词复数；too much + 不可数名词 ■ 六、名词复数特殊变化：tooth → teeth ■ 七、祈使句（Do... / Go... / Put...）动词用原形 ■ 八、感叹句：What a + adj. + 单数名词！（What a long way!） 📗 第二部分：10大考点专项训练 说明：每考点含 ◇ 基础题3题 → ▷ 提升题3题 → ★ 拓展题3题，共9题。选项横向排列，请仔细审题。 考点1：What's the matter? 问诊句型（the 不可丢；with 接人物） ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ — ________? — I have a headache. A. What's matter B. What's the matter C. What matter D. How's the matter ◇ — What's the matter ________ Olivia? — She has a fever. A. with B. for C. to D. of ◇ Lily looks sad. What's ________ matter with her? A. a B. an C. the D. /（不填） ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ 选出语法正确的句子： A. What matter with you? B. What's the matter you? C. What's the matter with you? D. What's matter with you? ▷ — What's the matter with ________? — He has a toothache. A. he B. his C. him D. he's ▷ — What's the matter? — ________. A. I'm fine B. I have a sore throat C. I'm 10 years old D. I like apples ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ Doctor: ________, little boy? Boy: I have a bad cough. A. What's the matter B. How are you C. What do you do D. Where are you ★ 下列句子中，matter 前不需要加 the 的是： A. What's the matter? B. What's the matter with Jam? C. Nothing matters more than health. D. The matter is serious. ★ — What's the matter with Chen Wei? — ________. A. He have a fever B. He has a fever C. He is have a fever D. He has fever 考点2：have a + 病症固定搭配（a 不可丢；flu 前加 the） ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ I can't go to school today. I have ________ bad headache. A. a B. an C. the D. /（不填） ◇ She has ________ sore throat. She should drink warm water. A. a B. an C. the D. /（不填） ◇ Jam has a runny nose. He ________ a cold. A. have B. has C. is D. does ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ Lingling has ________ flu. She must stay in bed. A. a B. an C. the D. /（不填） ▷ My little brother ________ a toothache. He can't eat candies. A. have B. has C. is having D. do have ▷ — Do you have a cough? — Yes, I ________. A. have B. do C. am D. have do ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ 下列搭配中，哪一项是错误的？ A. have a fever B. have a headache C. have the flu D. have a flu ★ Olivia ________ a sore throat and a runny nose. A. have B. has C. is D. does ★ Zhang Hao ________ a headache yesterday, so he didn't go to school. A. have B. has C. had D. is 考点3：should / shouldn't 提建议（后接动词原形，永不加 s/ing/ed） ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ You have a fever. You ________ drink lots of water. A. should B. shouldn't C. can't D. doesn't ◇ It's cold outside. You ________ wear a coat. A. should B. shouldn't C. not should D. doesn't should ◇ You shouldn't ________ too many candies. They're bad for your teeth. A. eat B. eats C. eating D. to eat ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ — I have a cough. — You should ________ some medicine. A. take B. takes C. taking D. to take ▷ Bella has a headache. She ________ watch too much TV. A. should B. shouldn't C. should not to D. should to not ▷ — What should I do? — You ________ go to bed early. A. should B. shoulds C. shoulded D. should to ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ 选出 should 用法正确的一项： A. You should takes a rest. B. You should to take a rest. C. You should take a rest. D. You should taking a rest. ★ Lily's eyes hurt. The doctor says she ________ in the dark. A. should read B. shouldn't read C. should reads D. shouldn't reads ★ — How can I stay away from the flu? — You ________ healthy food and do sports. A. should eat B. should eats C. should to eat D. should eating 考点4：be good for / be bad for 对……有益/有害 ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ Eating vegetables ________ your health. A. is good for B. is bad for C. is good at D. is bad at ◇ Too much junk food ________ your body. A. is good for B. is bad for C. is good at D. is bad at ◇ Reading in bed ________ your eyes. A. is good for B. is bad for C. is good to D. is bad to ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ Drinking warm water when you have a sore throat ________ you. A. is good for B. is bad for C. is good at D. is bad to ▷ Watching TV all day ________ your eyes. A. is good for B. is bad for C. is good at D. is bad to ▷ Doing eye exercises every day ________ your eyes. A. is good for B. is bad for C. is good at D. is bad to ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ Sleeping 8 hours a day ________ your health. A. is good for B. is bad for C. is good at D. is bad to ★ Olivia likes drinking lemon tea. She thinks it ________ her throat. A. is good for B. is bad for C. is good at D. is bad to ★ Eating too many candies ________ your teeth. A. is good for B. is bad for C. is good to D. is bad at 考点5：too many + 可数名词复数 / too much + 不可数名词 ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ You eat ________ candies. That's bad for your teeth. A. too many B. too much C. many too D. much too ◇ Don't drink ________ cola. It's not healthy. A. too many B. too much C. many too D. much too ◇ There are ________ people in the hospital today. A. too many B. too much C. too more D. too some ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ Chen Wei watches ________ TV. His mum is worried. A. too many B. too much C. too more D. too lots of ▷ We shouldn't eat ________ sugar. It's bad for us. A. too many B. too much C. too more D. too some ▷ There is ________ water on the floor. Be careful! A. too many B. too much C. too more D. too lot of ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ 选出用法正确的一项： A. too many homework B. too much homeworks C. too much homework D. too many homeworks ★ Lily eats ________ chocolates every day. She has a toothache now. A. too many B. too much C. too more D. too lot of ★ Jam drinks ________ juice. He should drink more water. A. too many B. too much C. too more D. too some 考点6：祈使句（动词原形开头；Do... / Don't... / Go... / Put...） ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ ________ eye exercises every day. It's good for your eyes. A. Do B. Does C. Doing D. To do ◇ ________ read in the dark. It's bad for your eyes. A. Don't B. Not C. Doesn't D. No ◇ ________ outside often and look far away. A. Go B. Goes C. Going D. To go ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ ________ a smile on your face, and gladly face your day. A. Put B. Puts C. Putting D. To put ▷ ________ lots of sleep when you have the flu. A. Get B. Gets C. Getting D. To get ▷ ________ your worries with your parents. They can help you. A. Share B. Shares C. Sharing D. To share ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ 选出祈使句正确的一项： A. You go to bed early. B. Goes to bed early. C. Go to bed early. D. Going to bed early. ★ ________ healthy food and do sports, then you'll be strong. A. Eat B. Eats C. Eating D. To eat ★ ________ your medicine on time. Don't forget! A. Take B. Takes C. Taking D. To take 考点7：名词复数特殊变化（tooth→teeth；virus→viruses） ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ I brush my ________ every morning and evening. A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. teeths ◇ Viruses are very small. You ________ see them at all. A. can B. can't C. should D. shouldn't ◇ One virus, two ________. A. virus B. viruses C. viruss D. virus's ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ Olivia has a toothache. One of her ________ hurts. A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. teeths ▷ Too many sweet things are bad for your ________. A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. teeths ▷ Flu is caused by ________. A. virus B. viruses C. a virus D. the virus ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ 选出复数形式正确的一项： A. three tooth B. three teeth C. three tooths D. three teeths ★ The doctor says: "Wash your hands. Don't let ________ get into your body." A. virus B. viruses C. a virus D. the virus ★ Zhang Hao has a bad toothache. Two of his ________ are broken. A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. teeths 考点8：take care of / stay away from / keep healthy 短语辨析 ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ You should take care ________ your eyes. Don't read in bed. A. of B. for C. with D. to ◇ Eat healthy food and do sports to ________ healthy. A. stay B. stay away C. take D. keep away ◇ We should ________ away from the flu. It makes us sick. A. stay B. go C. come D. keep ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ Mum: "You should ________ yourself when I'm not at home." A. take care of B. take care C. care of D. take of ▷ How can we ________ away from the flu? We should wash hands often. A. stay B. go C. keep D. come ▷ Do sports every day and you can ________ healthy and strong. A. stay B. stay away C. go D. come ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ 选出短语搭配正确的一项： A. take care of B. take care from C. stay care of D. keep care for ★ The doctor told Lily to ________ her eyes well. A. take care of B. stay away from C. keep away from D. go away from ★ Olivia: "I want to be strong. I should ________ healthy food and ________ sports." A. eat; do B. eat; make C. drink; do D. have; play 考点9：can / can't 表能力或可能性（无人称变化；后接动词原形） ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ Viruses are very small. You ________ see them at all. A. can B. can't C. should D. shouldn't ◇ Jam ________ play basketball well. He practices every day. A. can B. can't C. should D. shouldn't ◇ ________ you go to school today? You have a fever. A. Can B. Should C. Do D. Are ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ — Can Lily come to the party? — No, she ________. She has the flu. A. can B. can't C. should D. shouldn't ▷ We ________ fly into space like astronauts, but we can dream! A. can B. can't C. should D. shouldn't ▷ Olivia has a sore throat. She ________ sing in the concert today. A. can B. can't C. should D. shouldn't ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ 选出 can 用法正确的一项： A. He can plays football. B. He can play football. C. He cans play football. D. He can to play football. ★ Zhang Hao ________ see clearly. He needs to wear glasses. A. can B. can't C. should D. shouldn't ★ If you have a cold, you ________ go swimming. It's not good for you. A. can B. can't C. should D. shouldn't 考点10：综合语用（健康建议 + 疾病描述 + 因果逻辑） ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ — What's the matter with Bella? — She ________ a fever. A. has B. have C. is D. does ◇ — I have a runny nose. — You should ________ some medicine. A. take B. make C. do D. get ◇ — How can I keep healthy? — You should ________. A. eat healthy food B. eat many candies C. watch TV a lot D. sleep late ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ Lily has a sore throat. What should she do? A. Drink warm water. B. Eat ice cream. C. Shout a lot. D. Sleep late. ▷ Chen Wei often reads in bed. What will happen? A. His eyes will be bad. B. He will be tall. C. He will run fast. D. He will sing well. ▷ Why do we get the flu? Because ________. A. viruses fly into our body B. we eat too many apples C. we drink water D. we do eye exercises ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ Olivia makes a health plan. Which one is NOT a good tip? A. Eat more vegetables. B. Do sports every day. C. Watch TV for 6 hours a day. D. Go to bed early. ★ Jam: "I have a headache and a fever." Doctor: "________" A. You should take medicine and get lots of sleep. B. You should eat ice cream. C. You should run fast. D. You should watch TV. ★ Zhou Kai wants to take care of his eyes. What should he do? A. Do eye exercises and look far away. B. Read in bed every night. C. Watch TV all day. D. Play computer games a lot. 📕 第三部分：参考答案速查表 考点 第1题 第2题 第3题 第4题 第5题 第6题 第7题 第8题 第9题 考点1 B A C C C B A C B 考点2 A A B C B B D B C 考点3 A A A A B A C B A 考点4 A B B A B A A A B 考点5 A B A B B B C A B 考点6 A A A A A A C A A 考点7 B B B B B B B B B 考点8 A A A A A A A A A 考点9 B A A B B B B B B 考点10 A A A A A A C A A 📝 第四部分：逐题详细解析 考点1：What's the matter? 问诊句型（the 不可丢；with 接人物） ◇ 第1题 答案：B What's the matter? 是固定句型，matter前必须加the，选B。 ◇ 第2题 答案：A What's the matter with + 人称，询问某人怎么了，选A。 ◇ 第3题 答案：C matter前必须加定冠词the，选C。 ▷ 第4题 答案：C 正确语序：What's the matter with you? 选C。 ▷ 第5题 答案：C with是介词，后接宾格him，选C。 ▷ 第6题 答案：B 回答What's the matter? 应说明身体症状，选B。 ★ 第7题 答案：A 医生问诊用What's the matter? 选A。 ★ 第8题 答案：C Nothing matters more than health. 中matter是动词（重要），前不加the，选C。 ★ 第9题 答案：B Chen Wei是第三人称单数，have变has；flu前加the，选B。 考点2：have a + 病症固定搭配（a 不可丢；flu 前加 the） ◇ 第1题 答案：A headache以辅音音素开头，用a，选A。 ◇ 第2题 答案：A sore throat前加a，选A。 ◇ 第3题 答案：B Jam是第三人称单数，have变has，选B。 ▷ 第4题 答案：C flu前固定加the，have the flu，选C。 ▷ 第5题 答案：B 第三人称单数用has，选B。 ▷ 第6题 答案：B 简略回答用Yes, I do. 选B。 ★ 第7题 答案：D flu前加the，正确搭配是have the flu，选D。 ★ 第8题 答案：B Olivia是第三人称单数，用has，选B。 ★ 第9题 答案：C yesterday提示过去时，have变had，选C。 考点3：should / shouldn't 提建议（后接动词原形，永不加 s/ing/ed） ◇ 第1题 答案：A should后接动词原形，选A。 ◇ 第2题 答案：A should后接动词原形wear，选A。 ◇ 第3题 答案：A shouldn't后接动词原形eat，选A。 ▷ 第4题 答案：A should后接动词原形take，选A。 ▷ 第5题 答案：B 不应该看电视太多，用shouldn't，选B。 ▷ 第6题 答案：A should后接动词原形go，选A。 ★ 第7题 答案：C should后永远接动词原形，选C。 ★ 第8题 答案：B 眼睛疼，不应该在暗处看书，选B。 ★ 第9题 答案：A should后接动词原形eat，选A。 考点4：be good for / be bad for 对……有益/有害 ◇ 第1题 答案：A 吃蔬菜对健康有益，be good for，选A。 ◇ 第2题 答案：B 垃圾食品对身体有害，be bad for，选B。 ◇ 第3题 答案：B 在床上看书对眼睛有害，选B。 ▷ 第4题 答案：A 喉咙痛喝温水有益，选A。 ▷ 第5题 答案：B 整天看电视对眼睛有害，选B。 ▷ 第6题 答案：A 每天做眼保健操对眼睛有益，选A。 ★ 第7题 答案：A 每天睡8小时对健康有益，选A。 ★ 第8题 答案：A 柠檬茶对喉咙好，选A。 ★ 第9题 答案：B 吃太多糖对牙齿有害，选B。 考点5：too many + 可数名词复数 / too much + 不可数名词 ◇ 第1题 答案：A candies是可数名词复数，用too many，选A。 ◇ 第2题 答案：B cola是不可数名词，用too much，选B。 ◇ 第3题 答案：A people是可数名词复数，用too many，选A。 ▷ 第4题 答案：B TV不可数（这里指看电视的时间），用too much，选B。 ▷ 第5题 答案：B sugar不可数，用too much，选B。 ▷ 第6题 答案：B water不可数，用too much，选B。 ★ 第7题 答案：C homework不可数，正确用法是too much homework，选C。 ★ 第8题 答案：A chocolates可数复数，用too many，选A。 ★ 第9题 答案：B juice不可数，用too much，选B。 考点6：祈使句（动词原形开头；Do... / Don't... / Go... / Put...） ◇ 第1题 答案：A 祈使句以动词原形开头，Do eye exercises，选A。 ◇ 第2题 答案：A 否定祈使句Don't + 动词原形，选A。 ◇ 第3题 答案：A Go outside是祈使句，动词原形开头，选A。 ▷ 第4题 答案：A Put a smile... 祈使句，选A。 ▷ 第5题 答案：A Get lots of sleep祈使句，选A。 ▷ 第6题 答案：A Share your worries祈使句，选A。 ★ 第7题 答案：C 祈使句以动词原形开头，选C。 ★ 第8题 答案：A Eat healthy food祈使句，选A。 ★ 第9题 答案：A Take your medicine祈使句，选A。 考点7：名词复数特殊变化（tooth→teeth；virus→viruses） ◇ 第1题 答案：B brush one's teeth固定搭配，tooth复数teeth，选B。 ◇ 第2题 答案：B 病毒很小看不见，用can't，选B。 ◇ 第3题 答案：B virus复数viruses，选B。 ▷ 第4题 答案：B one of + 复数名词，选B。 ▷ 第5题 答案：B too many + 复数，选B。 ▷ 第6题 答案：B 流感由病毒引起，用复数viruses，选B。 ★ 第7题 答案：B tooth复数teeth，选B。 ★ 第8题 答案：B 不要让病毒进入身体，用复数viruses，选B。 ★ 第9题 答案：B two of + 复数teeth，选B。 考点8：take care of / stay away from / keep healthy 短语辨析 ◇ 第1题 答案：A take care of是固定短语，选A。 ◇ 第2题 答案：A stay healthy保持健康，选A。 ◇ 第3题 答案：A stay away from远离，选A。 ▷ 第4题 答案：A take care of yourself照顾自己，选A。 ▷ 第5题 答案：A stay away from the flu远离流感，选A。 ▷ 第6题 答案：A stay healthy保持健康，选A。 ★ 第7题 答案：A take care of是正确搭配，选A。 ★ 第8题 答案：A take care of her eyes照顾好她的眼睛，选A。 ★ 第9题 答案：A eat healthy food and do sports吃健康食物并做运动，选A。 考点9：can / can't 表能力或可能性（无人称变化；后接动词原形） ◇ 第1题 答案：B 病毒太小看不见，用can't，选B。 ◇ 第2题 答案：A Jam每天练习，能打好篮球，选A。 ◇ 第3题 答案：A 询问能力用Can you...? 选A。 ▷ 第4题 答案：B Lily得了流感不能来，用can't，选B。 ▷ 第5题 答案：B 我们不能像宇航员一样飞太空，选B。 ▷ 第6题 答案：B 喉咙痛不能唱歌，选B。 ★ 第7题 答案：B can后接动词原形play，选B。 ★ 第8题 答案：B Zhang Hao看不清，用can't，选B。 ★ 第9题 答案：B 感冒了不能去游泳，选B。 考点10：综合语用（健康建议 + 疾病描述 + 因果逻辑） ◇ 第1题 答案：A She是第三人称单数，用has，选A。 ◇ 第2题 答案：A take some medicine吃药，选A。 ◇ 第3题 答案：A 保持健康应吃健康食物，选A。 ▷ 第4题 答案：A 喉咙痛应喝温水，选A。 ▷ 第5题 答案：A 在床上看书对眼睛不好，选A。 ▷ 第6题 答案：A 得流感是因为病毒进入身体，选A。 ★ 第7题 答案：C 每天看6小时电视不是好建议，选C。 ★ 第8题 答案：A 发烧头痛应吃药和多睡觉，选A。 ★ 第9题 答案：A 保护眼睛应做眼保健操和远眺，选A。 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $