内容正文:
Unit 1 Helping at home 单元知识清单
人教PEP版四年级上册(新教材)
知识归纳
语音学习
ch /tʃ/:teach, Chinese, chair(s), lunch(es), peach(es)
课内其他含ch的词:child, children, kitchen, teacher, much, China, chore
必记单词
*PE /ˌpiː ˈiː/ 体育(课) *job /dʒɒb/ 工作;职业 *doctor /ˈdɒktə(r)/ 医生
*farmer /ˈfɑːmə(r)/ 农场主;农民 *nurse /nɜːs/ 护士 office worker 公司职员
factory worker 工厂工人 *busy /ˈbɪzi/ 忙碌的 *tired /ˈtaɪəd/ 疲倦的
*chore /tʃɔː(r)/ 家庭杂务 *cook /kʊk/ 烹饪;煮 *clean /kliːn/ 打扫;干净的
*room /ruːm/ 房间 *sweep /swiːp/ 扫 *floor /flɔː(r)/ 地板;地面
together /təˈɡeðə(r)/ 在一起;共同 *people /ˈpiːpl/ 人;人们
*child /tʃaɪld/(复数children /ˈtʃɪldrən/)儿童;小孩
常考短语
1.look after 照顾 2.do some chores 做些家务活
3.clean the room 打扫房间 4.sweep the floor 扫地
5.cook together 一起做饭 6.make a gift 做礼物
7.help at home 在家帮忙 8.be busy and tired 又忙又累
9.a happy family 一个快乐的家庭 10.be happy together 在一起很快乐
必会句型
1.—What's your father's job? —He's a factory worker. 你爸爸是做什么工作的?—他是工厂工人。
2.—What's your mother's job? —She's a doctor. 你妈妈是做什么工作的?—她是医生。
3.Mum and Dad are busy and tired. 爸爸妈妈又忙又累。
4.—What can we do for them? —We can do some chores. 我们能为他们做什么?—我们可以做些家务活。
5.I can cook. I can clean the room. 我会做饭。我会打扫房间。
6.We are happy together. 我们在一起很快乐。
核心语法
1.询问和回答职业:What's ...'s job? — He's/She's a ...
2.情态动词can表能力:主语 + can + 动词原形;Can + 主语 + 动词原形?
3.be动词与形容词搭配描述状态:主语 + be动词 + 形容词
考点速记
考点 01 询问和回答职业 What's ...'s job?
教材原文:What's your father's job? He's a factory worker. 你爸爸是做什么工作的?他是工厂工人。
教材原文:What's your mother's job? She's a doctor. 你妈妈是做什么工作的?她是医生。
解析:用"What's + 某人's + job?"来询问他人的职业,回答用"He's/She's a + 职业名词"。What's是What is的缩写,He's是He is的缩写,She's是She is的缩写。
一、问句结构
What's + 名词所有格 + job?
名词所有格即在名词后面加's,表示"某人的"。
例句:What's your father's job? 你爸爸是做什么工作的?
What's your mother's job? 你妈妈是做什么工作的?
What's Mike's job? Mike是做什么工作的?
二、回答方式
He's/She's a + 职业名词。
询问男性职业时用He's回答,询问女性职业时用She's回答。
例句:He's a factory worker. 他是工厂工人。
She's a doctor. 她是医生。
He's a PE teacher. 他是一名体育老师。
三、不定冠词a和an的选择
职业名词前通常加不定冠词a或an。以辅音音素开头的词前用a,以元音音素开头的词前用an。
a doctor, a farmer, a nurse, a teacher(辅音音素开头,用a)
an office worker(office以元音音素/ɒ/开头,用an)
⚠ 易错提醒:What's ... job? 中's不能漏掉,job前的名词要用所有格形式(加's)。如What's your father job?(×)→What's your father's job?(✓)。office worker前用an而不是a。
提分练
一、单项选择
( )1. —What's your father's ___? —He's a doctor.
A. job B. name C. colour
( )2. —What's your mother's job? —___ a nurse.
A. He's B. She's C. It's
( )3. —___? —He's a factory worker.
A. What's your name B. What's your father's job C. How are you
( )4. My father is ___ office worker.
A. an B. a C. the
( )5. —What's Mike's job? —___ a doctor.
A. She's B. He's C. It's
二、选词填空(选出合适的职业填空)
doctor farmer nurse factory worker office worker
1. My mother works in a hospital. She's a ______.
2. My father works on a farm. He's a ______.
3. My aunt works in an office. She's an ______.
4. My uncle works in a factory. He's a ______.
5. My sister helps sick people. She's a ______.
考点 02 情态动词can表能力
教材原文:We can do some chores. I can cook. I can clean the room. 我们可以做些家务活。我会做饭。我会打扫房间。
教材原文:Can you help? Yes, I can. 你能帮忙吗?是的,我能。
解析:can是情态动词,表示"能;会",后面接动词原形。can没有人称和数的变化,即不论主语是I、he、she还是we,can的形式都不变。
一、can的肯定句
主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他.
can后接动词原形,不能加to,也不能用-ing或第三人称单数形式。
例句:I can cook. 我会做饭。
We can do some chores. 我们可以做些家务活。
She can sweep the floor. 她会扫地。
He can make nice chairs. 他能做出漂亮的椅子。
二、can的一般疑问句及回答
Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + can.
将can提到句首即可构成一般疑问句,回答时用can或can't(can't = cannot,表示"不能;不会")。
例句:—Can you help? —Yes, I can. 你能帮忙吗?—是的,我能。
—Can she help? —Yes, she can. 她能帮忙吗?—是的,她能。
—Can we help? —Yes, we can. That's for sure! 我们能帮忙吗?—是的,我们能。那是肯定的!
三、【拓展】can的否定句
can的否定形式是cannot,缩写为can't,表示"不能;不会"。
例句:I can't cook. 我不会做饭。
He can't sweep the floor. 他不会扫地。
⚠ 易错提醒:can后面必须接动词原形,不能接to或不变化形式。如I can cooking(×)→I can cook(✓);He can sweeps(×)→He can sweep(✓)。
提分练
一、单项选择
( )1. I ___ cook for my family.
A. can B. am C. do
( )2. —Can you clean the room? —Yes, I ___.
A. do B. am C. can
( )3. We can ___ some chores.
A. do B. doing C. does
( )4. —Can she sweep the floor? —Yes, she ___.
A. can B. is C. does
( )5. He can ___ the room.
A. cleaning B. cleans C. clean
二、完成句子(根据中文提示,用can造句)
1. I can ______ (做饭).
2. We can ______ (打扫房间).
3. She can ______ (扫地).
4. —Can you help? —Yes, I ______ (能).
5. They can ______ (做些家务).
考点 03 be动词与形容词搭配描述状态
教材原文:Mum and Dad are busy and tired. 爸爸妈妈又忙又累。
教材原文:We are happy together. 我们在一起很快乐。
解析:be动词(am/is/are)连接主语和形容词,用来描述人物的状态或特征。主语不同,be动词的形式也不同。
一、be动词的选择
I → am(我)
He/She/It → is(他/她/它)
We/You/They → are(我们/你们/他们)
例句:I am happy. 我很开心。
He is busy. 他很忙。
Mum and Dad are tired. 爸爸妈妈很累。
二、形容词作表语
形容词放在be动词后面,作表语,说明主语的状态或特征。
例句:Mum and Dad are busy and tired. 爸爸妈妈又忙又累。
We are happy together. 我们在一起很快乐。
Doctors are great! 医生真了不起!
三、多个形容词并列
用and连接两个或多个形容词,描述同时存在的特征或状态。
例句:busy and tired 又忙又累
happy and helpful 又快乐又乐于助人
⚠ 易错提醒:主语是两个人或复数时,be动词用are。如Mum and Dad is busy(×)→Mum and Dad are busy(✓)。
提分练
一、选词填空(选出合适的be动词填空)
am is are
1. Mum and Dad ______ busy and tired.
2. I ______ happy.
3. He ______ a doctor.
4. We ______ happy together.
5. Doctors ______ great!
二、完成句子(根据中文提示填空)
1. Mum and Dad are ______ (又忙又累).
2. We are ______ (快乐) together.
3. The room is ______ (干净的).
4. Her peaches are ______ (棒的)!
5. He is ______ (疲倦的).
参考答案
(1)询问和回答职业 What's ...'s job?
一、单项选择
1-5 ABBAB
二、选词填空
1.nurse 2.farmer 3.office worker 4.factory worker 5.doctor
(2)情态动词can表能力
一、单项选择
1-5 ACAAC
二、完成句子
1.cook 2.clean the room 3.sweep the floor 4.can 5.do some chores
(3)be动词与形容词搭配描述状态
一、选词填空
1.are 2.am 3.is 4.are 5.are
二、完成句子
1.busy and tired 2.happy 3.clean 4.great 5.tired
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