Unit 4 Good manners（知识清单）-2026-2027学年人教大同版英语六年级上册

该小学英语知识清单聚焦“Good manners”主题，系统梳理公共场所文明礼仪知识。从核心礼仪词汇（如be nice, line up等）出发，结合must/must not语法规则构建句型体系，通过Lily的感谢信故事培养阅读信息提取能力，最终以制作“好市民海报”实现语言实践应用，形成完整学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇-语法-阅读-实践”逻辑递进，特色在于融合文化意识（拓展各国见面礼仪）、思维品质（语篇要素分析）和语言能力（海报标语创作）。每个知识点配实例与易错提示，帮助学生建立“规则表达-文化理解-行为实践”的认知框架，提升综合语言运用能力。

人教大同版小学英语 · 六年级上册 Unit 4 Good manners 知识清单 主题：文明礼仪 · 公共场所规则 · must / must not · 好市民海报 一、单元学习目标 能够谈论公共场所的文明礼仪，如排队、守时、让座、小声交谈、尊敬老人等。 能够用 must 表达“必须/应该做”的规则，用 must not 表达“禁止做”的规则。 能够阅读 Lily 的感谢信故事，提取人物、事件、行为和品质。 能够制作 good citizen poster，用简洁标语说明公共场所应该和不应该做的事。 二、单元知识地图 项目 本单元重点 主题 Good manners：在公共场所做文明、有礼、体贴的人。 核心短语 be nice, be on time, be polite, give up your seat, greet people, line up, respect old people, talk quietly 核心句型 We must ... / We must not ... / We should ... 核心语法 must / must not 表示规则、义务和禁止；与 should、祈使句的区别。 语篇阅读 A thank-you letter：Lily 第一次进城，路人帮助她，她上交钱包并收到感谢信。 口语写作 用 must / must not 写公共礼仪标语和好市民海报。 三、主题词汇：公共礼仪 表达 中文义 例句或用法 be nice 待人友善 People were nice. They told Lily the way. be on time 守时 We must be on time for class. be polite 有礼貌 They must be polite to each other. give up your seat 让座 A young man gave up his seat to an old woman. greet people 主动问好 We should greet people politely. line up 排队 People lined up to get onto the train. respect old people 尊敬老人 We should respect and care for old people. talk quietly 小声交谈 They must talk quietly in the gallery. 四、重点短语与表达 表达 中文意思 例句 for the first time 第一次 It was my first time in this city. find my way to ... 找到去……的路 I couldn’t find my way to the underground station. get onto the train 上火车/地铁 People lined up to get onto the train. leave ... behind 遗落…… The young man left his wallet behind. go after ... 追赶…… I tried to go after him. hand ... to ... 把……交给…… I handed the wallet to the station service centre. service centre 服务中心 I saw a thank-you letter at the service centre. report my wallet 上交/报告我的钱包 Thank you for reporting my wallet. a little act of kindness 一个小小的善举 A little act of kindness goes a long way. go a long way 意义深远，很有帮助 A little act of kindness goes a long way. 五、核心句型 交际功能 句型 例句 说明必须做 We / They / You must + 动词原形. We must line up. 说明禁止做 We / They / You must not + 动词原形. We must not jump the line. 说明公共规则 主语 + must + 动词原形 + 地点/场景. They must talk quietly in the gallery. 说明不允许的行为 主语 + must not + 动词原形 + 地点/场景. We must not eat in the library. 表达建议或道德判断 We should + 动词原形. We should respect and care for old people. 表达感谢 Thank you for + 动词-ing. Thank you for reporting my wallet. 表达第一次经历 It was my first time ... It was my first time in this city. 六、核心语法精讲：must / must not must 是情态动词，表示“必须、应该”，语气比 should 更强，常用于规则、纪律和公共场所要求。must not 表示“禁止、不许”，语气强，表示某件事不能做。must 和 must not 后面都接动词原形，不随主语变化。 项目 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + must + 动词原形 + 其他. We must line up. 否定句 主语 + must not + 动词原形 + 其他. We must not jump the line. 缩写 must not = mustn’t We mustn’t eat in the library. 主语变化 I/You/We/They/He/She + must + 动词原形 He must be on time. They must be polite. 动词形式 must 后永远用动词原形 She must talk quietly. 不能写 She must talks quietly. must 用于“规则必须遵守”，must not 用于“明确禁止”。如果只是温和建议，可以用 should；如果直接发出指令，也可以用祈使句。 表达 语气/功能 例句 must 强规则：必须做 We must keep quiet in the library. must not 强禁止：不许做 We must not run by the pool. should 建议或道德判断：应该做 We should respect old people. 祈使句 直接命令或提示 Line up, please. / Don’t litter. 场景 应该做 must 禁止做 must not bus / train We must line up. We must not jump the line. library We must keep quiet. We must not eat in the library. gallery We must talk quietly. We must not shout. class We must be on time. We must not be late. pool We must follow the rules. We must not run by the pool. 易错点：1. must 后用动词原形：must line up, must be polite，不能写 must lines up。 2. must not 不是“不必须”，而是“禁止”：We must not eat here. = 这里禁止吃东西。 3. must not 不要和 don’t 混用：We must not run. 不能写 We don’t must run. 4. be nice / be polite / be on time 中的 be 不能漏：We must be polite. 不能写 We must polite. 七、语篇阅读：A thank-you letter 教材核心节选与译文： 教材原文或核心节选 中文理解 It was my first time in this city. 这是我第一次来到这座城市。 I was worried at first because I couldn’t find my way to the underground station. 一开始我很担心，因为我找不到去地铁站的路。 Luckily, people were nice. They told me the way. 幸运的是，人们很友善，给我指路。 People lined up to get onto the train. 人们排队上车。 A young man gave up his seat to an old woman. 一位年轻男子给一位老妇人让座。 The young man left his wallet behind. 那位年轻男子遗落了钱包。 I handed the wallet to the station service centre. 我把钱包交给了车站服务中心。 Thank you for reporting my wallet. A little act of kindness goes a long way. 感谢你上交我的钱包。小小善举意义深远。 语篇结构：第一次进城 → 遇到困难 → 得到帮助 → 看见文明行为 → 捡到钱包 → 上交钱包 → 收到感谢信。 故事要素 信息 Who Lily, people in the city, a young man, an old woman, the officer When Saturday, 15 November Where the city, the underground station, the train, the service centre Problem Lily couldn’t find her way; the young man left his wallet behind. Good manners tell the way, line up, give up a seat, hand in a wallet Character nice, honest, considerate, kind Result The young man wrote a thank-you letter. 阅读方法：先找人物和地点，再用动作词定位事件：couldn’t find, told, lined up, gave up, left behind, handed, reported。最后用形容词 nice / honest / considerate 判断人物品质。 常见题型：问 Lily 为什么担心、年轻男子做了什么、Lily 上交了什么、感谢信是谁写的。 八、Explore：Greetings around the world 各国见面礼仪 拓展了解：不同国家和地区见面礼仪不同。学习时重点记住礼仪动作和常见地区，不把拓展文化内容混成核心语法。 礼仪 中文 常见说明 shaking hands 握手 全球通用，中国见面常握手。 bowing 鞠躬 日本见面、道别常鞠躬。 hugging 拥抱 欧美老友久别重逢可能拥抱。 putting hands together 合十礼 泰国见面常双手合十并低头。 九、口语与写作表达：Make a good citizen poster 海报内容 可用标语 尊敬老人 We must respect the elderly. 公共场所排队 We must line up in public. 图书馆安静 We must keep quiet in libraries. 不乱扔垃圾 We must not litter. 公交/地铁让座 We must give up our seats to old people. 展厅小声说话 We must talk quietly in the gallery. 海报模板： Be a good citizen We must ______. We must ______. We must not ______. A little act of kindness goes a long way. 中文提示：做一名好市民。我们必须____。我们必须____。我们禁止____。小小善举意义深远。 十、单元速记 项目 必须掌握 核心主题 Good manners 文明礼仪 核心短语 be nice · be on time · be polite · give up your seat · greet people · line up · respect old people · talk quietly 核心句型 We must ... / We must not ... / Thank you for ... 核心语法 must + 动词原形表示必须；must not + 动词原形表示禁止。 阅读抓手 Who → Where → Problem → Good manners → Result → Character 文化拓展 shaking hands · bowing · hugging · putting hands together 写作 好市民海报：标题 + 2 条 must + 1 条 must not + 主题句。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $