Unit 4 课时3 Section A Grammar focus 3a-3d（知识清单）英语新教材人教版七年级上册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦Unit 4“My Favourite Subject”Section A语法重点，系统梳理and、but、because三个连词的用法及why、what、who引导的特殊疑问句。从连词基础用法、对比总结到核心句型应用，构建连贯的学习支架，助力学生逐步掌握语法知识。 知识链路以“用法解析—对比辨析—句型应用—实战练习”逻辑展开，每个知识点配口诀记忆、挖空示例及即学即练。易错辨析总表和核心句型汇总强化语言能力，通过对比与归纳培养思维品质，多样练习提升学习能力，适合课堂教学与自主复习。

Unit 4 My Favourite Subject Section A Grammar focus 3a-3d 知识清单（背诵版） 一、连词 and 的用法 and 是并列连词，用于连接两个或多个并列成分（单词、短语或句子），表示“和、而且”，起补充追加的作用。 ✨ and 口诀：and 表并列，前后同向，补充信息一条龙。 用法类型 结构 例句 说明 连接两个名词 A and B I have art and geography today. 表示“有……和……” 连接两个形容词 adj1 and adj2 English is important and useful. 两个形容词并列修饰 连接两个句子 句子1, and 句子2 English is important, and my English teacher is really nice. 补充另一层信息 连接两个动词 V1 and V2 I like to read and draw. 表示两个动作并列 连接多个成分 A, B, and C I like Chinese, maths, and English. 最后两个之间加 and ⚠️ 重点：and 连接的并列成分必须语法结构一致（名词+名词，句子+句子），不能名词和句子混连。 ✏️即学即练 ① 用合适的连词填空。 1. I have biology ______ geography on Monday. 2. She is clever ______ hardworking. 3. I like maths, ______ it is fun. 【答案】1. and 2. and 3. and 【解析】and 连接并列成分，前后信息方向一致（补充/追加）。 二、连词 but 的用法 but 是转折连词，用于连接两个表示对比或转折关系的成分，意为“但是、然而”。前后信息方向相反或出乎意料。 ✨ but 口诀：but 表转折，前后反差，意想不到要记牢。 用法类型 结构 例句 说明 转折两个形容词 adj1 but adj2 Biology is difficult but important. 前后形容词意思相反 转折两个句子 句子1, but 句子2 History is my favourite subject, but my sister doesn't like it. 前后句子意思相反 转折喜好 like A but not B I like Chinese but don't like maths. 喜欢一个不喜欢另一个 与 not... but 连用 not A but B It's not easy but fun. 不是A而是B ⚠️ 重点：but 和 although/though 不能同时使用！中文“虽然……但是……”在英语中只用 but 或 although 之一。 ✏️即学即练 ② 用合适的连词填空。 1. Maths is hard ______ interesting. 2. I like PE, ______ my brother doesn't. 3. She doesn't like history, ______ she likes geography. 【答案】1. but 2. but 3. but 【解析】but 表示转折，前后信息方向相反。 三、连词 because 的用法 because 是原因连词，引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”，用来解释原因或理由。because 从句可放在主句前或后。 ✨ because 口诀：because 表原因，回答 why 问句，主从句位置可互换。 句型 结构 例句 说明 主句 + because 从句 结果 + because + 原因 I like Chinese because it's fun. 最常见语序 Because 从句, 主句 Because + 原因, 结果 Because it's fun, I like Chinese. because 从句前置，加逗号 回答 Why 问句 Because... —Why do you like English? —Because it's useful. 单独用 because 回答 否定 + because not... because... He doesn't like maths because it's boring to him. 否定原因 ⚠️ 重点：because 和 so 不能同时使用！中文“因为……所以……”，在英语中只用 because 或 so 之一，不可两者同时出现。 ✏️即学即练 ③ 用合适的连词填空。 1. I like PE ______ it's exciting. 2. ______ it's useful, I study English hard. 3. She doesn't like history ______ it's hard for her. 【答案】1. because 2. Because 3. because 【解析】because 引导原因从句，回答 why。注意首字母大写条件。 四、and / but / because 对比总结 连词 功能 前后关系 例句 易错点 and 并列/补充 同向，追加信息 English is important, and it's useful. 不能连接矛盾信息 but 转折 反向，对比信息 Biology is difficult but important. 不能与 although 同用 because 原因 因果关系，解释理由 I like Chinese because it's fun. 不能与 so 同用 ✨ 对比记忆： and 并列同方向， but 转折反方向， because 回答 why 讲原因。 三者不可混淆！ 五、特殊疑问句 why / what / who 本单元核心句型是关于科目喜好的问答，涉及 why、what、who 引导的特殊疑问句。 5.1 Why 引导的特殊疑问句 句型 结构 例句 回答方式 Why do you like...? Why + do/does + 主语 + V原形 + ...? Why do you like Chinese? Because it's fun. Why does he/she like...? Why + does + 三单主语 + V原形 + ...? Why does she like English? Because it's useful. Why don't/doesn't... like...? Why + don't/doesn't + 主语 + V原形 + ...? Why doesn't he like maths? Because it's boring. ⚠️ 重点：回答 Why 问句必须用 Because... 开头，不能用 Yes/No 回答！ 5.2 What 引导的特殊疑问句 句型 结构 例句 回答方式 What's your favourite subject? What's + 主语 + favourite + 名词? What's your favourite subject? My favourite subject is English. What subjects do you have? What + 名词 + do/does + 主语 + have? What subjects do you have today? I have Chinese and maths. What other subjects...? What other + 名词 + ...? What other subjects do you like? I also like PE and art. 5.3 Who 引导的特殊疑问句 句型 结构 例句 回答方式 Who is your ... teacher? Who + is + 主语 + 名词? Who is your English teacher? Ms Gao. Who likes the same...? Who + V(三单) + ...? Who likes the same subjects as you? My friend Li Lei. ✏️即学即练 ④ 用特殊疑问句填空。 1. —______ do you like history? —Because it's interesting. 2. —______ your favourite subject? —English. 3. —______ is your maths teacher? —Mr Wang. 4. —______ subjects do you have today? —Chinese and PE. 【答案】1. Why 2. What's 3. Who 4. What 【解析】Why 问原因，What 问内容，Who 问人物。注意 What's = What is。 六、重点短语搭配： 短语 含义 例句 be good with numbers 善于处理数字 I'm good with numbers. help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 Can you help me with this subject? learn about 了解/学习关于 It's interesting to learn about the past. be good at 擅长 He is good at English. listen to 听 She likes to listen to music. work out 计算出/解决 We can work out the problem in class. in the future 将来 I want to be a scientist in the future. in class 课堂上 We learn a lot in class. ✏️即学即练 A.选择填空（每题1分） 1. I like English ______ it's useful. A. and B. but C. because D. or 2. PE is exciting, ______ I don't like running. A. and B. but C. because D. or 3. I have Chinese ______ maths today. A. and B. but C. because D. or 4. —______ do you like science? —Because it's interesting. A. What B. Who C. Why D. How 5. What's ______ favourite subject? A. you B. your C. yours D. you're 6. She is good ______ English. A. in B. on C. at D. with 7. He doesn't like history because it's ______ for him. A. fun B. exciting C. easy D. hard 8. ______ is your maths teacher? A. What B. Who C. Why D. When 【答案】1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.B 【解析】1. because表原因；2. but表转折；3. and表并列； 4. Why问原因；5. your物主代词；6. be good at固定搭配； 7. hard与doesn't like对应；8. Who问人。 B. 补全对话（每空1分） A: What's your __(1)__ subject? B: My favourite subject is English. A: __(2)__ do you like it? B: __(3)__ it's useful, __(4)__ my English teacher is really nice. A: What __(5)__ subjects do you like? B: I also like PE __(6)__ it's exciting. 【答案】(1) favourite (2) Why (3) Because (4) and (5) other (6) because 【解析】(1) favourite subject固定搭配；(2) Why问原因； (3) Because回答why；(4) and并列补充； (5) What other固定搭配；(6) because解释原因。 七、易错辨析总表 易错类型 错误示例 正确写法 辨析 because 和 so 同用 Because it's fun, so I like it. Because it's fun, I like it. 英语中 because 和 so 不能同用 but 和 although 同用 Although it's hard, but I like it. Although it's hard, I like it. 英语中 but 和 although 不能同用 and 连接矛盾信息 He is tall and short. He is tall but short. 矛盾信息应用 but because 回答 why 缺 Because —Why? —It's fun. —Why? —Because it's fun. 回答 why 应用 Because 开头 What's 缩写错误 What your favourite subject? What's your favourite subject? What is 缩写为 What's favourite 拼写 favorate subject favourite subject 英式 favourite，美式 favorite ✨ 易错口诀：because 不配 so，but 不配 although，and 不连矛盾句，Why 回答 Because 开头。 ✨总复习口诀： and 并列补充同方向， but 转折对比反方向， because 回答 why 讲原因， 三者各司其职记心上。 特殊疑问句 Why/What/Who 各有分工， 回答格式不可混！ 八、单元核心句型汇总 序号 句型 例句 用途 1 What's your favourite subject? What's your favourite subject? 问最喜欢的科目 2 My favourite subject is + 科目 My favourite subject is English. 答最喜欢的科目 3 Why do you like...? Why do you like English? 问喜欢的原因 4 Because + 原因 Because it's useful. 回答原因 5 A and B I have art and geography. 并列 6 A but B Biology is difficult but important. 转折 7 A because B I like Chinese because it's fun. 原因 8 I also like + 科目 I also like PE. 补充也喜欢 9 I don't like + 科目 I don't like maths. 表达不喜欢 10 be good with / at I'm good with numbers. 表达擅长 ✨ 本课时语法核心：3个连词（and/but/because）+ 3个疑问词（Why/What/Who） 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 My Favourite Subject Section A Grammar focus 3a-3d 知识清单（挖空版） 一、连词 and 的用法 and 是并列连词，用于连接两个或多个并列成分（单词、短语或句子），表示“和、而且”，起补充追加的作用。 ✨ and 口诀：and 表并列，前后同向，补充信息一条龙。 用法类型 结构 例句 说明 连接两个名词 A and B I have art ______ geography today. 表示“有……和……” 连接两个形容词 adj1 and adj2 English is important ______ useful. 两个形容词并列修饰 连接两个句子 句子1, and 句子2 English is important, ______ my English teacher is really nice. 补充另一层信息 连接两个动词 V1 and V2 I like to read ______ draw. 表示两个动作并列 连接多个成分 A, B, and C I like Chinese, maths, ______ English. 最后两个之间加 and ⚠️ 重点：and 连接的并列成分必须语法结构一致（名词+名词，句子+句子），不能名词和句子混连。 ✏️即学即练 ① 用合适的连词填空。 1. I have biology ______ geography on Monday. 2. She is clever ______ hardworking. 3. I like maths, ______ it is fun. 二、连词 but 的用法 but 是转折连词，用于连接两个表示对比或转折关系的成分，意为“但是、然而”。前后信息方向相反或出乎意料。 ✨ but 口诀：but 表转折，前后反差，意想不到要记牢。 用法类型 结构 例句 说明 转折两个形容词 adj1 but adj2 Biology is difficult ______ important. 前后形容词意思相反 转折两个句子 句子1, but 句子2 History is my favourite subject, ______ my sister doesn't like it. 前后句子意思相反 转折喜好 like A but not B I like Chinese ______ don't like maths. 喜欢一个不喜欢另一个 与 not... but 连用 not A but B It's not easy ______ fun. 不是A而是B ⚠️ 重点：but 和 although/though 不能同时使用！中文“虽然……但是……”在英语中只用 but 或 although 之一。 ✏️即学即练 ② 用合适的连词填空。 1. Maths is hard ______ interesting. 2. I like PE, ______ my brother doesn't. 3. She doesn't like history, ______ she likes geography. 三、连词 because 的用法 because 是原因连词，引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”，用来解释原因或理由。because 从句可放在主句前或后。 ✨ because 口诀：because 表原因，回答 why 问句，主从句位置可互换。 句型 结构 例句 说明 主句 + because 从句 结果 + because + 原因 I like Chinese because it's fun. 最常见语序 Because 从句, 主句 Because + 原因, 结果 Because it's fun, I like Chinese. because 从句前置，加逗号 回答 Why 问句 Because... —Why do you like English? —Because it's useful. 单独用 because 回答 否定 + because not... because... He doesn't like maths because it's boring to him. 否定原因 ⚠️ 重点：because 和 so 不能同时使用！中文“因为……所以……”，在英语中只用 because 或 so 之一，不可两者同时出现。 ✏️即学即练 ③ 用合适的连词填空。 1. I like PE ______ it's exciting. 2. ______ it's useful, I study English hard. 3. She doesn't like history ______ it's hard for her. 四、and / but / because 对比总结 连词 功能 前后关系 例句 易错点 and 并列/补充 同向，追加信息 English is important, and it's useful. 不能连接矛盾信息 but 转折 反向，对比信息 Biology is difficult but important. 不能与 although 同用 because 原因 因果关系，解释理由 I like Chinese because it's fun. 不能与 so 同用 ✨ 对比记忆： and 并列同方向， but 转折反方向， because 回答 why 讲原因。 三者不可混淆！ 五、特殊疑问句 why / what / who 本单元核心句型是关于科目喜好的问答，涉及 why、what、who 引导的特殊疑问句。 5.1 Why 引导的特殊疑问句 句型 结构 例句 回答方式 Why do you like...? Why + do/does + 主语 + V原形 + ...? Why do you like Chinese? Because it's fun. Why does he/she like...? Why + does + 三单主语 + V原形 + ...? Why does she like English? Because it's useful. Why don't/doesn't... like...? Why + don't/doesn't + 主语 + V原形 + ...? Why doesn't he like maths? Because it's boring. ⚠️ 重点：回答 Why 问句必须用 Because... 开头，不能用 Yes/No 回答！ 5.2 What 引导的特殊疑问句 句型 结构 例句 回答方式 What's your favourite subject? What's + 主语 + favourite + 名词? What's your favourite subject? My favourite subject is English. What subjects do you have? What + 名词 + do/does + 主语 + have? What subjects do you have today? I have Chinese and maths. What other subjects...? What other + 名词 + ...? What other subjects do you like? I also like PE and art. 5.3 Who 引导的特殊疑问句 句型 结构 例句 回答方式 Who is your ... teacher? Who + is + 主语 + 名词? Who is your English teacher? Ms Gao. Who likes the same...? Who + V(三单) + ...? Who likes the same subjects as you? My friend Li Lei. ✏️即学即练 ④ 用特殊疑问句填空。 1. —______ do you like history? —Because it's interesting. 2. —______ your favourite subject? —English. 3. —______ is your maths teacher? —Mr Wang. 4. —______ subjects do you have today? —Chinese and PE. 六、重点短语搭配： 短语 含义 例句 be good with numbers 善于处理数字 I'm good with numbers. help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 Can you help me with this subject? learn about 了解/学习关于 It's interesting to learn about the past. be good at 擅长 He is good at English. listen to 听 She likes to listen to music. work out 计算出/解决 We can work out the problem in class. in the future 将来 I want to be a scientist in the future. in class 课堂上 We learn a lot in class. ✏️即学即练 A.选择填空（每题1分） 1. I like English ______ it's useful. A. and B. but C. because D. or 2. PE is exciting, ______ I don't like running. A. and B. but C. because D. or 3. I have Chinese ______ maths today. A. and B. but C. because D. or 4. —______ do you like science? —Because it's interesting. A. What B. Who C. Why D. How 5. What's ______ favourite subject? A. you B. your C. yours D. you're 6. She is good ______ English. A. in B. on C. at D. with 7. He doesn't like history because it's ______ for him. A. fun B. exciting C. easy D. hard 8. ______ is your maths teacher? A. What B. Who C. Why D. When B. 补全对话（每空1分） A: What's your __(1)__ subject? B: My favourite subject is English. A: __(2)__ do you like it? B: __(3)__ it's useful, __(4)__ my English teacher is really nice. A: What __(5)__ subjects do you like? B: I also like PE __(6)__ it's exciting. 七、易错辨析总表 易错类型 错误示例 正确写法 辨析 because 和 so 同用 Because it's fun, so I like it. Because it's fun, I like it. 英语中 because 和 so 不能同用 but 和 although 同用 Although it's hard, but I like it. Although it's hard, I like it. 英语中 but 和 although 不能同用 and 连接矛盾信息 He is tall and short. He is tall but short. 矛盾信息应用 but because 回答 why 缺 Because —Why? —It's fun. —Why? —Because it's fun. 回答 why 应用 Because 开头 What's 缩写错误 What your favourite subject? What's your favourite subject? What is 缩写为 What's favourite 拼写 favorate subject favourite subject 英式 favourite，美式 favorite ✨ 易错口诀：because 不配 so，but 不配 although，and 不连矛盾句，Why 回答 Because 开头。 ✨总复习口诀： and 并列补充同方向， but 转折对比反方向， because 回答 why 讲原因， 三者各司其职记心上。 特殊疑问句 Why/What/Who 各有分工， 回答格式不可混！ 八、单元核心句型汇总 序号 句型 例句 用途 1 What's your favourite subject? What's your favourite subject? 问最喜欢的科目 2 My favourite subject is + 科目 My favourite subject is English. 答最喜欢的科目 3 Why do you like...? Why do you like English? 问喜欢的原因 4 Because + 原因 Because it's useful. 回答原因 5 A and B I have art and geography. 并列 6 A but B Biology is difficult but important. 转折 7 A because B I like Chinese because it's fun. 原因 8 I also like + 科目 I also like PE. 补充也喜欢 9 I don't like + 科目 I don't like maths. 表达不喜欢 10 be good with / at I'm good with numbers. 表达擅长 ✨ 本课时语法核心：3个连词（and/but/because）+ 3个疑问词（Why/What/Who） 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $