Unit 1 课时3 Grammar Focus 3a-3d（知识清单）英语新教材人教版七年级上册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦be动词用法，从核心基础的人称搭配表出发，依次梳理肯定句、否定句、疑问句结构，再到缩写规则和常见易错点，最后通过分层练习构建完整学习支架，帮助学生逐步掌握be动词的正确运用。 知识链路逻辑清晰，从基础搭配到句式转换再到易错辨析层层递进。通过记忆口诀和对比表格强化理解，培养学生语言能力，易错点专项和原创练习题设计引导学生发现并纠正错误，提升思维品质，即学即练模式助力学生掌握科学学习方法，提升学习能力。

Unit 1 You and Me Grammar Focus 3a-3d 知识清单 一、be动词人称搭配表（核心基础） be动词有三个形式：am、is、are。它们要和主语（人称代词）配对才能用，不能混用！ 人称 be动词 中文含义 举例 I am 我是 I am a student. You are 你/你们是 You are my friend. He is 他是 He is from Beijing. She is 她是 She is 12 years old. It is 它是 It is a cute cat. We are 我们是 We are in Class 1. You are 你们是 You are good students. They are 他/她/它们是 They are from the UK. ✨ 记忆口诀：I用am，you用are，is连着他/她/它； 单数is，复数are，变疑问be提前，否定not加后面。 ★ 特殊规则：当主语是两个或多个人/物时，用are。例：Tom and I are friends.（不能说 Tom and I am/is） 二、be动词的肯定句 肯定句结构：主语 + be动词 + 表语（名词/形容词/介词短语等） 句型 例句 中文翻译 I + am I am a student. 我是一名学生。 You + are You are very kind. 你非常善良。 He + is He is my brother. 他是我的兄弟。 She + is She is from Shanghai. 她来自上海。 It + is It is a beautiful day. 今天天气很好。 We + are We are classmates. 我们是同学。 They + are They are good friends. 他们是好朋友。 ⚠️ 重点：be动词必须和主语保持一致！主语是谁就用谁的be。不能因为后面有复数名词就用are。 例：My favourite colour is green.（主语 My favourite colour 是单数，用is，不能用are） 三、be动词的否定句 否定句结构：主语 + be动词 + not + 表语 肯定句 否定句（完全式） 否定句（缩写式） I am a student. I am not a student. —（am not 无缩写） You are tall. You are not tall. You aren't tall. He is my friend. He is not my friend. He isn't my friend. She is from China. She is not from China. She isn't from China. It is a cat. It is not a cat. It isn't a cat. We are late. We are not late. We aren't late. They are twins. They are not twins. They aren't twins. ⚠️ 易错点：am not 没有缩写形式！不能写成 amn't！正确说法只有 I am not。 ⚠️ 易错点：is not → isn't；are not → aren't。注意：缩写时只去掉 o，加上 n't，别写成 is'nt / are'nt！ 四、be动词的疑问句及简略回答 疑问句结构：be动词 + 主语 + 表语 + ？（把be动词移到主语前面） 疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 Am I a student? Yes, you are. No, you are not. Are you from China? Yes, I am. No, I am not. Is he your brother? Yes, he is. No, he isn't. Is she 12 years old? Yes, she is. No, she isn't. Is it a dog? Yes, it is. No, it isn't. Are we late? Yes, we/you are. No, we/you are not. Are they friends? Yes, they are. No, they aren't. ⭐ 重要规则：① 肯定回答中，I am 不能缩写为 I'm！只有否定回答可以缩写 I'm not。② 否定回答中，常用缩写 isn't / aren't。 五、be动词的缩写规则 在口语和日常书写中，我们经常用缩写形式： ▶ 肯定句缩写： 完全式 缩写式 说明 I am I'm 我是 You are You're 你是/你们是 He is He's 他是 She is She's 她是 It is It's 它是 We are We're 我们是 They are They're 他/她/它们是 That is That's 那是 What is What's 什么是 Who is Who's 谁是 Where is Where's 哪里是 ▶ 否定句缩写： 完全式 缩写式 说明 is not isn't 不是（第三人称单数） are not aren't 不是（第二人称/复数） am not — am not 无缩写！ ⚠️ 易错点总结：① am not 没有缩写，不能写 amn't；② is not → isn't，不是 is'nt；③ are not → aren't，不是 are'nt。 六、常见易错点专项 下面列出初学者最容易犯的错误，一定要避免！ 错误✘ 正确✔ 错误原因分析 You is a student. You are a student. you 搭配 are，不是 is！ I am a boys. I am a boy. I 是单数，后面不能加 s He are my friend. He is my friend. he 搭配 is，不是 are They is from China. They are from China. they 搭配 are My name are Tom. My name is Tom. 主语 My name 是单数，用 is She am a teacher. She is a teacher. she 搭配 is，不是 am We is in Class 1. We are in Class 1. we 搭配 are It are a cat. It is a cat. it 搭配 is ⚠️ 为什么 You is 错？ 因为 you 的固定搭配是 are，不管 you 表示你还是你们，都用 are。别看到中文你就想当然用 is！ ⚠️ 为什么 I are 错？ 因为 I 的固定搭配是 am，这是英语的规定，必须记住！即使后面是复数名词，也用 am。 如：I am a student.（不能说 I are a student.） ★ 特殊主语判断：当主语不是人称代词时，看主语是单数还是复数： • 单数主语 → is：My name is... / The cat is... / His favourite colour is... • 复数主语 → are：My friends are... / The cats are... / Their names are... • 不可数名词 → is：The water is... / The milk is... ✏️【即学即练】（全新原创题） 练习一　填 am/is/are（每题1分） 1. My dog ______ very cute. 【答案】is 【解析】主语 My dog 是单数，用 is。 2. I ______ in Grade 7. 【答案】am 【解析】主语 I 对应的 be 动词是 am。 3. The books ______ on the desk. 【答案】are 【解析】主语 The books 是复数，用 are。 4. She ______ my English teacher. 【答案】is 【解析】主语 She 对应的 be 动词是 is。 5. We ______ good friends. 【答案】are 【解析】主语 We 对应的 be 动词是 are。 6. You ______ from Beijing, right? 【答案】are 【解析】主语 You 对应的 be 动词是 are。 练习二　选择题（每题1分） 1. "Tom and Jack ______ in the same class." Which is correct? A. am B. is C. are D. be 【答案】C 【解析】Tom and Jack 是两个人，复数主语，用 are。 2. "My favourite sport ______ basketball." Which is correct? A. am B. is C. are D. be 【答案】B 【解析】主语 My favourite sport 是单数，用 is。 3. "______ you a new student?" —"Yes, I am." A. Am B. Is C. Are D. Do 【答案】C 【解析】主语 you，疑问句将 are 提前。 4. "Emma and Ella ______ twins." Which is correct? A. is B. am C. are D. be 【答案】C 【解析】Emma and Ella 是两个人，复数主语，用 are。 5. "Lisa's pet cat ______ very cute." Which is correct? A. am B. is C. are D. be 【答案】B 【解析】主语 Lisa's pet cat 是单数，用 is。 6. "______ she from the UK?" —"No, she isn't." A. Am B. Is C. Are D. Does 【答案】B 【解析】主语 she，疑问句将 is 提前。 练习三　改为否定句（每题2分） 1. He is my classmate. → ______________________________ 【答案】He is not/isn't my classmate. 【解析】在 is 后加 not，缩写为 isn't。 2. They are from Australia. → ________________________ 【答案】They are not/aren't from Australia. 【解析】在 are 后加 not，缩写为 aren't。 3. I am 13 years old. → ______________________________ 【答案】I am not 13 years old. 【解析】在 am 后加 not，注意 am not 无缩写。 4. It is a sunny day. → ____________________________________ 【答案】It is not/isn't a sunny day. 【解析】在 is 后加 not，缩写为 isn't。 5. We are in the same class. → ______________________________ 【答案】We are not/aren't in the same class. 【解析】在 are 后加 not，缩写为 aren't。 练习四　改为疑问句并作简略回答（每题2分） 1. She is your sister. → ____________________________________ 【答案】Is she your sister? Yes, she is./No, she isn't. 【解析】将 is 提到主语 she 前面。 2. They are teachers. → ____________________________________ 【答案】Are they teachers? Yes, they are./No, they aren't. 【解析】将 are 提到主语 they 前面。 3. You are from the US. → ____________________________________ 【答案】Are you from the US? Yes, I am./No, I am not. 【解析】将 are 提前。肯定回答 I am 不能缩写。 4. It is your pencil. → ____________________________________ 【答案】Is it your pencil? Yes, it is./No, it isn't. 【解析】将 is 提到主语 it 前面。 5. We are late. → ____________________________________ 【答案】Are we late? Yes, you/we are./No, you/we are not. 【解析】将 are 提前。 练习五　改错（每题2分） 1. You is very nice. → _____________________________ 【答案】You are very nice. 【解析】you 搭配 are，不能用 is。 2. He are from China. → ______________________________ 【答案】He is from China. 【解析】he 搭配 is，不能用 are。 3. My name are Li Ming. → ______________________________ 【答案】My name is Li Ming. 【解析】主语 My name 是单数，用 is。 4. I amn't a student. → ____________________________________ 【答案】I am not a student. 【解析】am not 没有缩写形式，不能写 amn't。 5. They is good friends. → ____________________________________ 【答案】They are good friends. 【解析】they 搭配 are，不能用 is。 6. She am a teacher. → __________________________________________ 【答案】She is a teacher. 【解析】she 搭配 is，不能用 am。 练习六　综合填空（每题1分） Hello! I ______(1) Liu Wei. I ______(2) 13 years old. I ______(3) from Wuhan, China. This is my friend, Tom. He ______(4) from the UK. He ______(5) 12 years old. We ______(6) in Class 3, Grade 7. Our school ______(7) very big. Tom and I ______(8) good friends. His favourite food ______(9) dumplings. My favourite sport ______(10) basketball. (1) 【答案】am (2) 【答案】am (3) 【答案】am (4) 【答案】is (5) 【答案】is (6) 【答案】are (7) 【答案】is (8) 【答案】are (9) 【答案】is (10) 【答案】is 【解析】根据各空主语判断：I→am; he→is; we→are; 单数名词→is; 复数名词/两个人→are。 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 You and Me Grammar Focus 3a-3d 知识清单 一、be动词人称搭配表（核心基础） be动词有三个形式：am、is、are。它们要和主语（人称代词）配对才能用，不能混用！ 人称 be动词 中文含义 举例 I ______ 我是 I ______ a student. You ______ 你/你们是 You ______ my friend. He ______ 他是 He ______ from Beijing. She ______ 她是 She ______ 12 years old. It ______ 它是 It ______ a cute cat. We ______ 我们是 We ______ in Class 1. You ______ 你们是 You ______ good students. They ______ 他/她/它们是 They ______ from the UK. ✨ 记忆口诀：I用am，you用are，is连着他/她/它； 单数is，复数are，变疑问be提前，否定not加后面。 ★ 特殊规则：当主语是两个或多个人/物时，用are。例：Tom and I are friends.（不能说 Tom and I am/is） 二、be动词的肯定句 肯定句结构：主语 + be动词 + 表语（名词/形容词/介词短语等） 句型 例句 中文翻译 I + am I am a student. 我是一名学生。 You + are You are very kind. 你非常善良。 He + is He is my brother. 他是我的兄弟。 She + is She is from Shanghai. 她来自上海。 It + is It is a beautiful day. 今天天气很好。 We + are We are classmates. 我们是同学。 They + are They are good friends. 他们是好朋友。 ⚠️ 重点：be动词必须和主语保持一致！主语是谁就用谁的be。不能因为后面有复数名词就用are。 例：My favourite colour is green.（主语 My favourite colour 是单数，用is，不能用are） 三、be动词的否定句 否定句结构：主语 + be动词 + not + 表语 肯定句 否定句（完全式） 否定句（缩写式） I am a student. ______ ______ You are tall. ______ ______ He is my friend. ______ ______ She is from China. ______ ______ It is a cat. ______ ______ We are late. ______ ______ They are twins. ______ ______ ⚠️ 易错点：am not 没有缩写形式！不能写成 amn't！正确说法只有 I am not。 ⚠️ 易错点：is not → isn't；are not → aren't。注意：缩写时只去掉 o，加上 n't，别写成 is'nt / are'nt！ 四、be动词的疑问句及简略回答 疑问句结构：be动词 + 主语 + 表语 + ？（把be动词移到主语前面） 疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 Am I a student? Are you from China? Is he your brother? Is she 12 years old? Is it a dog? Are we late? Are they friends? ⭐ 重要规则：① 肯定回答中，I am 不能缩写为 I'm！只有否定回答可以缩写 I'm not。② 否定回答中，常用缩写 isn't / aren't。 五、be动词的缩写规则 在口语和日常书写中，我们经常用缩写形式： ▶ 肯定句缩写： 完全式 缩写式 说明 I am ______ 我是 You are ______ 你是/你们是 He is ______ 他是 She is ______ 她是 It is ______ 它是 We are ______ 我们是 They are ______ 他/她/它们是 That is ______ 那是 What is ______ 什么是 Who is ______ 谁是 Where is ______ 哪里是 ▶ 否定句缩写： 完全式 缩写式 说明 is not ______ 不是（第三人称单数） are not ______ 不是（第二人称/复数） am not ______ am not 无缩写！ ⚠️ 易错点总结：① am not 没有缩写，不能写 amn't；② is not → isn't，不是 is'nt；③ are not → aren't，不是 are'nt。 六、常见易错点专项 下面列出初学者最容易犯的错误，一定要避免！ 错误表达 请改正 You is a student. I am a boys. He are my friend. They is from China. My name are Tom. She am a teacher. We is in Class 1. It are a cat. ⚠️ 为什么 You is 错？ 因为 you 的固定搭配是 are，不管 you 表示你还是你们，都用 are。别看到中文你就想当然用 is！ ⚠️ 为什么 I are 错？ 因为 I 的固定搭配是 am，这是英语的规定，必须记住！即使后面是复数名词，也用 am。 如：I am a student.（不能说 I are a student.） ★ 特殊主语判断：当主语不是人称代词时，看主语是单数还是复数： • 单数主语 → is：My name is... / The cat is... / His favourite colour is... • 复数主语 → are：My friends are... / The cats are... / Their names are... • 不可数名词 → is：The water is... / The milk is... ✏️【即学即练】（全新原创题） 练习一　填 am/is/are（每题1分） 1. My dog ______ very cute. 2. I ______ in Grade 7. 3. The books ______ on the desk. 4. She ______ my English teacher. 5. We ______ good friends. 6. You ______ from Beijing, right? 练习二　选择题（每题1分） 1. "Tom and Jack ______ in the same class." Which is correct? A. am B. is C. are D. be 2. "My favourite sport ______ basketball." Which is correct? A. am B. is C. are D. be 3. "______ you a new student?" —"Yes, I am." A. Am B. Is C. Are D. Do 4. "Emma and Ella ______ twins." Which is correct? A. is B. am C. are D. be 5. "Lisa's pet cat ______ very cute." Which is correct? A. am B. is C. are D. be 6. "______ she from the UK?" —"No, she isn't." A. Am B. Is C. Are D. Does 练习三　改为否定句（每题2分） 1. He is my classmate. → ________________________ 2. They are from Australia. → ________________________ 3. I am 13 years old. → ______________________________ 4. It is a sunny day. → __________________________________ 5. We are in the same class. → ______________________________ 练习四　改为疑问句并作简略回答（每题2分） 1. She is your sister. → ______________________________ 2. They are teachers. → ______________________________ 3. You are from the US. → ______________________________ 4. It is your pencil. → ____________________________________ 5. We are late. → __________________________________________ 练习五　改错（每题2分） 1. You is very nice. → ______________________________ 2. He are from China. → ______________________________ 3. My name are Li Ming. → ______________________________ 4. I amn't a student. → ____________________________________ 5. They is good friends. → ____________________________________ 6. She am a teacher. → __________________________________________ 练习六　综合填空（每题1分） Hello! I ______(1) Liu Wei. I ______(2) 13 years old. I ______(3) from Wuhan, China. This is my friend, Tom. He ______(4) from the UK. He ______(5) 12 years old. We ______(6) in Class 3, Grade 7. Our school ______(7) very big. Tom and I ______(8) good friends. His favourite food ______(9) dumplings. My favourite sport ______(10) basketball. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $