Unit 2 Great ideas（复习讲义）英语新教材沪教版九年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过知识框架图系统构建“核心词汇-短语搭配-句型结构-语法应用”的知识体系，用对比表格梳理易混词（如ignore/ignorance/ignorant）、短语辨析（be made of/be made from），并以思维导图呈现句子四大分类（陈述句、疑问句等）的结构规则与交际功能，清晰标注重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于“知识点解析+即时小练”的分层设计，如词汇题（“He is ____ of this custom”考查ignorant用法）、句型翻译（“当他倒水时思考难题”训练as从句），培养语言运用与逻辑思维能力。提供词形转换技巧和语法易错点提醒，基础生可夯实基础，优秀生能深化拓展，为教师精准教学和学生自主复习提供有力支持。

Unit 2 Great ideas（复习讲义) 复习要点 1.1. 掌握本单元核心词汇、短语的含义、词形变形及固定搭配，包括 ignorance、application、satisfied、fancy、fool、prove、hardly、balanced 等核心词的用法与易混辨析。 2. 掌握本单元重点句型的结构、逻辑与仿写运用，涵盖 as 引导的时间状语从句、过去分词作后置定语、that 引导的表语从句、反义疑问句等核心句型。 复习重难点 重点：3. 掌握英语句子四大分类（陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句）的结构规则、交际功能与句式变换，能正确运用不同句式完成语境表达。 难点：易混词的语境辨析与精准运用。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：I know nothing except the fact of my ignorance.我唯一知道的，就是我一无所知。（教材P20） 【变形】ignorance n. 无知→ignore v. 忽视 → ignorant adj. 无知的 【短语拓展】 be ignorant of… 对…… 无知 / 不了解 例句：His ignorance of history surprised us all.他对历史的无知让我们所有人都很吃惊。 Don’t ignore the teacher’s warnings.不要无视老师的警告。 He is ignorant of the truth.他并不知晓真相。 【即时小练】 1.You shouldn’t ____ the mistakes he made. A. ignorance B. ignore C. ignorant D. ignorantly 2.He is ____ of this local custom. A. ignore B. ignorance C. ignorant D. ignoring 3. His ____ (ignore) of basic rules caused the big trouble. 知识点2：What are the applications of Archimede’s principle in daily life?阿基米德原理在日常生活中有哪些应用？（教材P20） application: n. 应用；运用；申请 【变形】apply v. 应用；申请 applicant n. 申请人 【常用短语】the application of … …… 的应用 apply sth. to sth. 把某物应用于某物 apply for 申请（工作、奖学金等） 【例句】 We can see many applications of this theory in our daily life.我们在日常生活中能看到这个理论的诸多应用。 Scientists apply this law to new inventions.科学家将这条定律运用到新发明中。 He wants to apply for a scholarship.他想要申请奖学金。 【即时小练】 1.Many ____ of this new technology can be found in our life. A. apply B. applications C. applicant D. applying 2.He decided to apply ____ a part‑time job. A. to B. for C. with D. of 3.We should apply our knowledge ____ real‑life problems. A. for B. with C. to D. in 4. The ____ (apply) of AI changes our life greatly. 知识点3：King Hiero asked a crown maker to make him a fancy golden crown.希罗国王让一位金匠为他打造一顶精美的金冠。（教材P21） ① fancy： 词性 1 adj. 精致华丽的；考究的（本句用法） 搭配：fancy golden crown 精美的金冠；fancy clothes 华丽的服饰 例句：She wore a fancy dress to the party.她穿了一条华丽的连衣裙去参加派对。 词性 2 v. 想象；想要，喜欢 搭配：fancy doing sth. 想要做某事 例句：I fancy having a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。 ② ask sb. to do sth. 要求 / 吩咐某人做某事 例句：My teacher asked me to hand in my homework on time. 老师要求我按时交作业。 ③ make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人制作某物 例句：My mum made me a birthday cake. = My mum made a birthday cake for me. 妈妈给我做了一个生日蛋糕。 【即时小练】 1.The king asked the artist ____ a fancy painting for him. A. draw B. to draw C. drawing D. drew 2.I fancy ____ out for a walk on such a nice day. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 知识点4：At first, he was very satisfied with it.起初，他对这事儿非常满意。（教材P21） ① at first 含义：起初，一开始（强调前后状态转折，常与 but 连用） At first I disliked maths, but now I love it.一开始我讨厌数学，现在我很喜欢。 ②be satisfied with 对…… 感到满意 同义表达： be pleased/ happy with 【变形】satisfy v. 使满意 satisfied adj.（人）感到满意的 satisfying adj.（事物）令人满意的 satisfaction n. 满意，满足 【例句】My parents are satisfied with my progress.父母对我的进步很满意。 The result is satisfying. 这个结果令人满意。 【即时小练】 1.____, he didn’t agree with us, but he changed his mind at last. A. At first B. At last C. At once D. At times 2.The teacher is satisfied ____ the students’ hard‑working spirit. A. to B. with C. for D. of 3.Everyone felt ____ with the ____ ending of the story. A. satisfied; satisfying B. satisfying; satisfied C. satisfied; satisfied D. satisfying; satisfying 4. 校长对我们的作品感到很满意。(be satisfied with) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 知识点5：：Is it made completely of gold?它是完全用黄金打造的吗？（教材P21） 辨析： ①be made of 由…… 制成（成品能直接看出原材料） 例句：The desk is made of wood. 这张桌子是木头做的。 ②be made from 由…… 制成（成品看不出原材料） 例句：Paper is made from wood. 纸张由木材制成。 ③be made in +地点 在某地制造 例句：This watch is made in Switzerland. 这块手表产自瑞士。 ④be made by +人 由某人制作 例句：The fancy crown was made by the crown maker. 这顶精美的王冠是金匠打造的。 【即时小练】用正确的介词填空。 1.The house is made ____ stones. You can see the stones clearly. 2.Wine is made ____ grapes. People can’t see grapes in wine. 3.This kind of toy is made ____ Shanghai. 4.This beautiful model is made ____ my deskmate. 知识点6：Archimedes was still thinking about this problem as he filled his bath with water.阿基米德在用热水填充浴缸时，仍在思考这个问题。（教材P21） ①句子结构:本句为as 引导时间状语从句的主从复合句。 主句：Archimedes was still thinking about this problem 从句：as he filled his bath with water ②fill...with：用…… 装满…… 例句：She filled the bowl with rice. 她把碗盛满米饭。 【被动变形】：be filled with表示 “装满……”，侧重呈现充盈的状态，可与 be full of 互换 例句：The bath was filled with warm water.= The bath was full of warm water.浴盆里盛满了温水。 【即时小练】 1.当他在倒水的时候，他正在思考那道难题。（as 引导时间状语从句） 2.女孩把杯子装满了热水。(fill…with…) ______________________________________________________________________________ 3.这个书包装满了各种各样的书。(be filled with) ______________________________________________________________________________ 4.____ he was reading a book, his mother filled the glass with juice. A. If B. As C. Though D. Because 5. The box is ____ old photos. A. filled of B. full with C. filled with D. fill with 知识点7：A crown made completely of gold displaces less water than a crown made of gold and another metal.纯金打造的王冠排出的水量,比掺了其他金属的王冠排出的水量要少。（教材P21） ①后置定语：made completely of gold /made of gold and another metal过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面名词 crown。 ② displace：v. 排除；取代；替代 例句：The heavy ball displaces lots of water. 这个重球会排开很多水。 例句：New machines displaced many workers. 新机器取代了许多工人。 【即时小练】 1．The old metal wire ________ (displace) by new safe materials ten years ago. 知识点8："The crown maker fooled me, didn't he? What a bad man he is!" shouted King Hiero. “那个金匠骗了我,对不对？他真是个坏人！”希罗国王怒吼道。（教材P21） fool v.欺骗；愚弄 【短语拓展】fool sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人去做某事 fool sb. with sth. 用某事愚弄某人 be fooled by 被......欺骗；被......愚弄 例句：He fooled his friend into hiding the truth.他哄骗朋友隐瞒了真相。 Don’t fool me with your lies.不要用你的谎言来愚弄我。 【变形】foolish：adj. 愚蠢的, 鲁莽的 【句型拓展】it is foolish of sb. to do sth. 例句：It is foolish of you to give up such a good chance.你放弃这么好的机会真是愚蠢。 【即时小练】 1. He fooled me into ____ (tell) him the secret. 2. It is ____ (fool) of you to waste so much time. 3. Don’t be ____ (fool) by his sweet words. 知识点9：He then sent the crown maker to prison, and he praised Archimedes for his clever discovery. 随后，他将那位王冠匠人送入监狱，并对阿基米德的巧妙发现表示赞赏。（教材P21） ① send sb. to prison 把某人关进监狱→ be sent to prison(被动) 例：The police sent the thief to prison. 警察把小偷关进了监狱。 ② praise sb. for sth. 因某事 / 某物称赞某人 例：We praise her for her honesty. 我们称赞她为人诚实。 【即时小练】 A. sent B. was sent C. sends D. is sending 2.All the teachers praise Li Ming ____ his great progress. A. to B. with C. for D. of 3.大家都因她的善良而称赞她。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 4.那个小偷去年被关进监狱。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 知识点10：How did he prove his theory? 他是如何证明自己的理论的？（教材P24） prove v. 证明；证实；表明 ①作及物动词，表 “证明、佐证”，日常及考试中多用主动语态；正式法律、学术文本可使用被动语态，应试场景极少考查。 例：He proved his theory with lots of experiments.他通过大量实验证明了自己的理论。 ②作系动词，构成 prove (to be) + 形容词/名词 结构时，本身表被动含义，无被动形式，为高频易错点。 例：The suggestion proved (to be) helpful.这个建议被证明很有帮助。 【常用搭配】 ①prove sth. 证明某事 例：Can you prove your words? 你能证明你说的话吗？ ②prove + (that) 从句 证明…… 例：He proved that he was right. 他证明自己是对的。 ③prove (to be) +形容词/名词 结果是；被发现是 例：The plan proved (to be) useful. 这个方案结果很有用。 【即时小练】 1.The task ____ very difficult for the new workers. A. was proved B. proved C. was proving D. had proved to 2.Scientists have proved ____ the new medicine works well. A. what B. that C. whether D. if 3. 这次旅行结果证明很有意义。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 知识点11：I can hardly believe it.我简直不敢相信。（教材P27） hardly: adv. 几乎不；几乎没有。本身带有否定含义，句中不能再加 not。 例句：I hardly know him. 我几乎不认识他。 【辨析】hardly与hard的用法区别 易混词 意义及用法 hardly 副词，意为 “几乎不；几乎没有”，表示否定含义。 hard 形容词，意为 “困难的；坚硬的”。 副词，意为 “努力地”。 例句：Lily studies hard. Some lessons are hard, so she hardly relaxes on weekends. She can hardly imagine she can get good grades for those hard tasks. 莉莉学习很努力。有些课程很难，所以她周末几乎不放松。她几乎不敢想象自己能完成这些艰难的任务并取得好成绩。 【即时小练】 1. He ________ (hard) has any free time, for he devotes all days to his research. 2.My brother works ____, so he ____ has time for hobbies. A. hard; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard; hard D. hardly; hardly 知识点12：The idea is that we, as humans, should live a simple, peaceful and balanced life, respecting our place in nature.这一理念认为，我们人类应当过上简朴、和平且平衡的生活，并尊重我们在自然中的位置。（教材P30） ①句子结构:本句是that 引导表语从句的主从复合句。 respecting our place in nature：现在分词作伴随状语，表示伴随主句动作同时发生，逻辑主语是 we。 ②balanced：adj. 平衡的；均衡的 【搭配】a balanced life 平衡的生活 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 【变形】balance v. 使平衡；权衡 / n. 平衡；均衡 【拓展短语】keep balance 保持平衡；lose balance 失去平衡 例句：We need to keep a balanced diet. 我们需要保持均衡的饮食。 【即时小练】 1. The truth is ____ we should live a ____ (balance) life. 2. She walked along the narrow path, ____ (respect) the beauty of nature around her. 3.青少年拥有平衡的生活是很有必要的。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 单元语法：句子种类 英语句子按照使用目的和交际功能可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 1. 陈述句 陈述句用来叙述一件事情或表明说话人的看法、态度等，句尾用句号，一般读降调。有肯定句和否定句两种形式。 陈述句的语序一般为 “主语部分 + 谓语部分”。 1. 陈述句的肯定形式 I will finish my report before the deadline.我会在截止日期前完成我的报告。 She reads at least one book every month.她每个月至少读一本书。 2. 陈述句的否定形式 (1) 如果句子的谓语含有 be 动词、助动词或情态动词等，其否定形式是在这些词之后加 not。 He is not interested in pop music but fond of classical music. 他对流行音乐不感兴趣，却很喜欢古典音乐。 They have not visited the new museum yet, though they’ve planned for a long time. 尽管计划了很久，他们还没去过那家新博物馆。 You must not tell lies to your parents, no matter what happens. 无论发生什么，你都不能对父母撒谎。 (2) 如果句子的谓语是实义动词，其否定形式是在实义动词前用 “助动词（do、does、did）+ not”。 We don’t watch TV on weekdays, but we do on weekends.我们工作日不看电视，但周末会看。 He doesn’t like spicy food, while his sister loves it.他不喜欢吃辣，而他妹妹却很喜欢。 They didn’t go hiking last Sunday because of the heavy rain.因为下大雨，他们上周日没去徒步。 (3) 其他表示否定意义的词，如 no、never、seldom、hardly 等也可构成否定形式。 I have never tried bungee jumping, but I’m eager to have a go!我从没试过蹦极，但我特别想尝试一次！ She seldom stays up late, for she values her sleep very much.她很少熬夜，因为她很重视睡眠。 He can hardly remember his childhood friends after so many years.这么多年过去了，他几乎记不起儿时的朋友了。 2. 疑问句 1）一般疑问句 定义：用 Yes / No 回答的疑问句，用来询问 “是不是、有没有、能不能、会不会” 等。结构：把 be 动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词 提到主语前。 Be (am/is/are/was/were) + 主语 + 其他？ 例句：Are you a doctor?你是医生吗？ Is she reading a book now?她现在正在看书吗？ Were they at home last night?他们昨晚在家吗？ Do/Does/Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例句：Do you like playing basketball?你喜欢打篮球吗？ Does he get up early every morning?他每天早上起得早吗？ Did you watch TV last night?你昨晚看电视了吗？ Can/May/Must/Should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例句：Can you swim?你会游泳吗？ May I use your pen?我可以用一下你的笔吗？ Have/Has/ Had+主语+过去分词+其他？ 例句：Have you finished your homework?你做完作业了吗？ Has he ever been to Beijing?他去过北京吗？ Had they left when you arrived?你到的时候他们已经离开了吗？ 2）特殊疑问句 结构：疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序（be / 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语 + 其他） 特点：不能用 Yes/No 回答，需给出具体信息 例句：What do you like?（你喜欢什么？） Where did she go yesterday?（她昨天去哪里了？） 3）选择疑问句 选择疑问句是说话者对问题提出两个或两个以上的答案，供对方选择其一。 （1）选择疑问句的前半部分用升调，后半部分用降调。这种疑问句有两种形式：一种是以一般疑问句为基础，另一种是以特殊疑问句为基础。供选择的部分用 or 连接。 —Is your father a worker or an engineer? 你父亲是工人还是工程师？ —He is an engineer. 他是一名工程师。 —Would you like coffee, tea or juice?你要咖啡、茶，还是果汁？ —Who is younger, Lily or Emma?谁更年轻，莉莉还是艾玛？ (2) 选择疑问句的答语必须是完整的句子或其省略形式，不能用 yes 或 no。 Do you prefer to study at home or in the library? 你更喜欢在家学习还是在图书馆学习？ —In the library. 在图书馆。 Can you play the piano or the guitar? 你会弹钢琴还是吉他？ —The guitar. 吉他。 4）反义疑问句 反意疑问句是在陈述句后面附加一个简短问句（又称附加问句），提出对前面陈述句所述事情的肯定或否定的意见，或者希望事实得到证实。反意疑问句遵循 “前肯后否，前否后肯” 原则，附加问句的主语和动词及时态均须与陈述部分一致，且主语用代词。 This book is yours, isn't it? 这本书是你的，不是吗？ Tom often plays basketball after school, doesn't he?汤姆放学后经常打篮球，不是吗？ Your brother hasn't finished his homework yet, has he?你弟弟还没完成作业，是吗？ They don't like to watch horror movies, do they?他们不喜欢看恐怖片，是吗？ Linda is not interested in painting, is she?琳达对画画不感兴趣，是吗？ 注意：当陈述句中含有 never, few, little, no, nobody, nothing, hardly, seldom 等否定或半否定词时，附加疑问句要用肯定形式。 He has never been to Paris, has he?他从没去过巴黎，是吗？ Few people can solve this problem, can they?很少有人能解决这个问题，是吗？ 3. 祈使句 表示请求、命令、要求、建议等的句子。通常不用主语，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号。 ①肯定形式 一般以动词原型开头：DO型、be 型、let 型 Open the door. 开门。 Be quiet in the library.图书馆里请保持安静。 Let’s go for a walk. 我们去散步吧。 Let him finish his homework first. 让他先完成作业。 ②.否定形式 DO 型 /be 型否定：在句首动词前加 Don’t. Don’t open the window. 别开窗。 Don’t be late for class. 上课别迟到。 Don’t make noise in the hospital. 医院里别吵闹。 let 型否定：在 let 前加 Don’t，或在动词原形前加 not. Don’t let children play with fire. 别让孩子玩火。 Let’s not waste time. 我们别浪费时间了。 以No开始的禁止性祈使句。 •No entry.禁止人内。•No parking.禁止停车。 •No smoking.禁止吸烟。 ③.常用句型：祈使句 + and/or + 简单句 Work hard, and you will achieve your dream.努力奋斗，你就能实现梦想。 Take a map with you, or you may get lost.带上地图，否则你可能会迷路。 4. 感叹句 感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子,一般用how或what引I导。how作状语，修饰形容词、副词或句子;what作定语,修饰名词(名词前可有形容词或冠词）。感叹句要用降调，句尾用感叹号。 1. what 引导的感叹句 What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + (主语 + 谓语)! What a wonderful day we are having!今天真是美好的一天！ What an exciting movie it was!那是一部多么激动人心的电影！ What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + (主语 + 谓语)! What clever children they are! 他们是多么聪明的孩子啊！ What delicious cakes you’ve made!你做的蛋糕真好吃！ What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)! What useful advice he gave us!他给我们的建议太有用了！ What terrible weather we’re having today!今天的天气真糟糕！ 2. how 引导的感叹句 How + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数 + (主语 + 谓语)! How lovely a girl she is!她是一个多么可爱的女孩啊！ How difficult a problem it turned out to be!这结果是一道多么难的题啊！ How + 形容词 / 副词 + (主语 + 谓语)! How fast he runs!他跑得真快！ How happy they look in the photo!照片里的他们看起来多开心啊！ How + 主语 + 谓语！ How time flies!时光飞逝啊！ How she loves her family!她是多么爱她的家人啊！ 【即时小练】 1. ________ fine weather we have today! A．How B．What a C．What D．How a 2.________ beautiful the poem Mom Knows Best is! I want to read it to my mom. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 3.—Mike, ________ such a loud noise in the room. Your sister is sleeping. —OK, Dad. I won’t do that again. A．making B．to make C．don’t make D．make 4. Ben, ________ off the tap while brushing your teeth. A．turn B．turns C．turning D．turned 5.You have finished your homework, ________? A．haven’t you B．have you C．don’t you D．do you 6.He seldom goes to the cinema, ________? A．doesn’t he B．does he C．isn’t he D．is he 7.She can speak French, ________? A．can’t she B．can she C．doesn’t she D．does she 8.—Would you like tea ________ coffee? —Coffee, please. A．and B．or C．but D．so 9.________ ________ noise in the classroom.（不要在教室里吵闹。） 10. ________ ________ ________book you bought!（你买了一本多么有用的书啊！） （时间：45分钟） 一、单项选择 1．When I was young, I often walked around the Green Lake with my grandma. ________ nice time it was! A．What B．What a C．How a D．How 2．He was late; ________, he missed the beginning of the show. A．thus B．hardly C．fancy D．firm 3．He ________ everyone with his lie. People felt angry when they knew the fact. A．fooled B．caused C．attacked D．accepted 4．My teacher is satisfied ________ my progress in physics experiments recently. A．to B．for C．with D．at 5．The little prince loved the ________ palace gardens with colorful flowers and lights. A．balanced B．fancy C．firm D．hard 6．You can’t fool him ________ simple lies; he knows all related theories well. A．with B．for C．at D．on 7．When the cup is filled ________ too much water, it will run over easily. A．of B．with C．for D．to 8．Many accidents happen because of people’s ________ of safety knowledge. A．application B．ignorance C．rejection D．displacement 9．The water will ________ if the glass is too full. A．run over B．go straight to C．get across D．reject 10．We must look at the project ________ a whole instead of only seeing small parts. A．as B．for C．in D．with 二、单词拼写 1．The experiment p________ that his idea is correct. 2．The teacher was s________ with our work. 3．I made the mistake because of my i________. 4．She gave me a f________ answer and refused to change it. 5．There is h________ any food left in the fridge. 6．The story about the prince was meant to f________ the greedy man. 7．We should keep a b________ life between work and rest. 8.There are many a________ of this theory in our daily life. 9.The king wore a f____ golden crown at the party. 10. He didn’t study hard. T____, he failed the exam. 三、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．She felt ________ (satisfy) with her final performance. (词形填空) 2．The new method has wide ________ (apply) in daily life. 3．It is important for us to develop a ________ (balance) living habit. 4．Do you fancy ________ (visit) the museum this Sunday? 5.They ________ (hard) have time to relax because of busy work. 四、完成句子 1.他直奔大自然去寻求智慧与平静。 He________ _________ _______nature to find wisdom and peace. 2.他用睿智的语言向人们传达了自己的思想。 He ________ his ideas ________ to people in wise words. 3.．老子不满足于世界上的争斗与纷扰。 Laozi ________ ________ _________ _______the fights and troubles in the world. 4．浴缸里装满了温水。 The bath ________ ________ ________ warm water. 5．水太多，从容器里溢出来了。 Too much water ________ ________ from the container. 6. 他的思想帮助人们和谐相处，并影响了整个中国文化。 His thoughts helped people live in harmony and influenced Chinese culture ________ ________ ________． 四、阅读理解 A When we think of inventors, we usually imagine old men in white coats surrounded by wires and tools. However, 17-year-old Emma Rodriguez from Miami is changing that image. She recently invented a low-cost water purification (净化) device that is now being used in several remote villages in South America. Emma’s journey started two years ago during a geography lesson. Her teacher showed a video of children drinking dirty water, which led to serious health problems. Emma was shocked. “I thought, ‘This isn’t fair,’” she recalled. “I wanted to do something to help.” She began researching water purification methods online. Most existing devices were too expensive or required electricity, which many villages lacked. Emma decided to focus on a solar-powered solution. Using a second-hand microscope she bought with her pocket money, she studied how UV (紫外线) light kills bacteria. She then spent months designing a small, portable device shaped like a water bottle. The biggest challenge was the cost. To keep it affordable, Emma used recycled plastic and a cheap UV LED light. She tested over fifty designs. Once, her device leaked (漏水) during a test, soaking her notes. “I felt like crying,” she admitted, “but I knew giving up wasn’t an option.” Finally, she succeeded. Her device can clean one liter of water in just 15 minutes using only sunlight. It costs less than $5 to make. An international charity organization noticed her work and helped her send 500 units to Colombia. Local residents say the device has greatly improved their health. Emma has no plans to patent her invention for profit. Instead, she has open-sourced her design online, allowing anyone to download and produce it for free. “Ideas should be shared, especially when they can save lives,” she says. “I hope more teens realize that age is just a number. If you see a problem, you can be the one to solve it.” 1．What inspired Emma to invent the water purification device? A．A lesson about health problems. B．A video shown in a geography class. C．A visit to remote villages in Colombia. D．An article about solar energy technology. 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How Emma solved the funding problem. B．Why Emma chose UV light for her device. C．The process of Emma’s invention and design. D．The importance of using recycled materials. 3．What does the underlined phrase “giving up wasn’t an option” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．She didn’t have time to rest. B．She didn’t have the right tools. C．She was determined to continue. D．She was allowed to stop working. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Emma? A．Humorous and quiet. B．Honest and friendly. C．Creative and selfless. D．Brave and noisy. 5．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Emma will start a company to sell her device. B．Emma wants to keep her invention a secret. C．Emma believes teenagers can make a difference. D．Emma plans to study abroad to learn more about water. B(任务型阅读) 阅读下面短文，回答问题，每题答案不超过8个词。 The Post-it Note is one of the most recognizable office supplies in the world, but it was invented by accident. In 1968, Dr. Spencer Silver, a chemist at 3M Company, was trying to develop a super-strong adhesive for use in aircraft construction. Instead, he created a “low-tack” adhesive—one that stuck lightly to surfaces but could be easily removed without leaving residue. Silver was excited about his discovery, but for five years, no one at 3M could figure out a practical use for it. The adhesive was seen as a failure because it wasn’t strong enough. However, Silver didn’t give up. He gave talks and demonstrations within the company, hoping someone would see its potential. That someone was Art Fry, a colleague of Silver’s who sang in a church choir. Fry was frustrated because the slips of paper he used as bookmarks in his hymnal kept falling out. He remembered Silver’s adhesive and thought, “What if I coat these slips with that sticky stuff?” In 1974, Fry created the first prototype of the Post-it Note. He wrote on it, stuck it to a page, and it stayed put. When he removed it, the page was undamaged. Initially, 3M was hesitant to market the product. They thought nobody would want a note that didn’t stick permanently. But after a successful test run in offices, where employees loved the convenience, Post-it Notes were officially launched in 1980. Today, billions are sold annually. The story of the Post-it Note proves that accidents can lead to brilliant ideas if you have the creativity to see their value. 1．What was Spencer Silver originally trying to develop? 2．Why was the adhesive considered a failure at first? 3．What problem did Art Fry face with his hymnal bookmarks? 4．How did Fry use Silver’s adhesive to solve his problem? 5．What does the story of the Post-it Note teach us? C 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，每个选项只用一次，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Bi Sheng was born in Song Dynasty. He lived in a small village which lies in Huanggang today. He invented the printing around 600 AD (公元). 1 It is about 400 years earlier than the printing in Germany. The printing is also called the movable type printing (活字印刷). But how did it work in the past? First of all, the clay was made into movable types. 2 After that the words were chosen and put in right order in a box according to the text. Next, the workers brushed ink onto the movable types. Finally the types could be used for printing. 3 The movable type printing plays an important role in Chinese culture. 4 At the same time, the movable type printing was widely used in the world at that time. 5 The movable type printing, the compass (指南针), gun powder and the paper-making are called four great inventions of China. They make China own an important and even top position in the history of human civilization (文明). A．They could be used again and again for different books. B．Then words were engraved (雕刻) carefully onto the types. C．With the help of it, Chinese culture spread around the world more quickly. D．He was the world’s first inventor of the printing. E．I think Bi Sheng was a great inventor. F．As a result, more and more culture communication among countries took place. 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Great ideas（复习讲义) 复习要点 1.1. 掌握本单元核心词汇、短语的含义、词形变形及固定搭配，包括 ignorance、application、satisfied、fancy、fool、prove、hardly、balanced 等核心词的用法与易混辨析。 2. 掌握本单元重点句型的结构、逻辑与仿写运用，涵盖 as 引导的时间状语从句、过去分词作后置定语、that 引导的表语从句、反义疑问句等核心句型。 复习重难点 重点：3. 掌握英语句子四大分类（陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句）的结构规则、交际功能与句式变换，能正确运用不同句式完成语境表达。 难点：易混词的语境辨析与精准运用。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：I know nothing except the fact of my ignorance.我唯一知道的，就是我一无所知。（教材P20） 【变形】ignorance n. 无知→ignore v. 忽视 → ignorant adj. 无知的 【短语拓展】 be ignorant of… 对…… 无知 / 不了解 例句：His ignorance of history surprised us all.他对历史的无知让我们所有人都很吃惊。 Don’t ignore the teacher’s warnings.不要无视老师的警告。 He is ignorant of the truth.他并不知晓真相。 【即时小练】 1.You shouldn’t ____ the mistakes he made. A. ignorance B. ignore C. ignorant D. ignorantly 【答案】B 【详解】shouldn’t 为情态动词否定形式，后面接动词原形。ignore v. 忽视；ignorance n. 无知；ignorant adj. 无知的；ignorantly adv. 无知地。句意：你不应该忽视他犯下的错误。 2.He is ____ of this local custom. A. ignore B. ignorance C. ignorant D. ignoring 【答案】C 【详解】固定搭配 be ignorant of…“对…… 无知 / 不了解”，形容词作表语。句意：他不了解这个当地习俗。 3. His ____ (ignore) of basic rules caused the big trouble. 【答案】ignorance 【详解】形容词性物主代词 his 后接名词；ignorance n. 无知。句意：他对基本规则的无知造成了这个大麻烦。 知识点2：What are the applications of Archimede’s principle in daily life?阿基米德原理在日常生活中有哪些应用？（教材P20） application: n. 应用；运用；申请 【变形】apply v. 应用；申请 applicant n. 申请人 【常用短语】the application of … …… 的应用 apply sth. to sth. 把某物应用于某物 apply for 申请（工作、奖学金等） 【例句】 We can see many applications of this theory in our daily life.我们在日常生活中能看到这个理论的诸多应用。 Scientists apply this law to new inventions.科学家将这条定律运用到新发明中。 He wants to apply for a scholarship.他想要申请奖学金。 【即时小练】 1.Many ____ of this new technology can be found in our life. A. apply B. applications C. applicant D. applying 【答案】B 【详解】many 后接可数名词复数；application n. 应用；apply v. 应用；applicant n. 申请人。句意：这项新技术在我们生活中有许多应用。 2.He decided to apply ____ a part‑time job. A. to B. for C. with D. of 【答案】B 【详解】固定搭配 apply for “申请”。句意：他决定申请一份兼职工作。 3.We should apply our knowledge ____ real‑life problems. A. for B. with C. to D. in 【答案】C 【详解】apply sth. to sth. 把…… 应用于……。句意：我们应该把我们的知识运用到现实生活的问题中。 4. The ____ (apply) of AI changes our life greatly. 【答案】application 【详解】定冠词 the 后接名词；application n. 应用。句意：人工智能的应用极大改变了我们的生活。 知识点3：King Hiero asked a crown maker to make him a fancy golden crown.希罗国王让一位金匠为他打造一顶精美的金冠。（教材P21） ① fancy： 词性 1 adj. 精致华丽的；考究的（本句用法） 搭配：fancy golden crown 精美的金冠；fancy clothes 华丽的服饰 例句：She wore a fancy dress to the party.她穿了一条华丽的连衣裙去参加派对。 词性 2 v. 想象；想要，喜欢 搭配：fancy doing sth. 想要做某事 例句：I fancy having a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。 ② ask sb. to do sth. 要求 / 吩咐某人做某事 例句：My teacher asked me to hand in my homework on time. 老师要求我按时交作业。 ③ make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人制作某物 例句：My mum made me a birthday cake. = My mum made a birthday cake for me. 妈妈给我做了一个生日蛋糕。 【即时小练】 1.The king asked the artist ____ a fancy painting for him. A. draw B. to draw C. drawing D. drew 【答案】B 【详解】固定搭配 ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事，不定式作宾语补足语。句意：国王要求画家为他画一幅华丽的画作。 2.I fancy ____ out for a walk on such a nice day. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 【答案】C 【详解】fancy doing sth. 想要做某事，后接动名词。句意：天气这么好，我想要出去散散步。 知识点4：At first, he was very satisfied with it.起初，他对这事儿非常满意。（教材P21） ① at first 含义：起初，一开始（强调前后状态转折，常与 but 连用） At first I disliked maths, but now I love it.一开始我讨厌数学，现在我很喜欢。 ②be satisfied with 对…… 感到满意 同义表达： be pleased/ happy with 【变形】satisfy v. 使满意 satisfied adj.（人）感到满意的 satisfying adj.（事物）令人满意的 satisfaction n. 满意，满足 【例句】 My parents are satisfied with my progress.父母对我的进步很满意。 The result is satisfying. 这个结果令人满意。 【即时小练】 1.____, he didn’t agree with us, but he changed his mind at last. A. At first B. At last C. At once D. At times 【答案】A 【详解】at first“起初，一开始”，侧重前后情况发生转折，常搭配 but；at last 最后；at once 立刻；at times 有时。句中有 but 体现前后转折。句意：起初他不同意我们，但最后他改变了主意。 2.The teacher is satisfied ____ the students’ hard‑working spirit. A. to B. with C. for D. of 【答案】B 【详解】固定搭配 be satisfied with…“对…… 感到满意”，主语通常是人。句意：老师对学生们刻苦的精神感到满意。 3.Everyone felt ____ with the ____ ending of the story. A. satisfied; satisfying B. satisfying; satisfied C. satisfied; satisfied D. satisfying; satisfying 【答案】A 【详解】satisfied 修饰人，表示 “（人）感到满意的”；satisfying 修饰事物，表示 “（事物）令人满意的”。第一空主语 everyone 是人，用 satisfied；第二空修饰名词 ending（结局，事物），用 satisfying。句意：每个人都对这个故事令人满意的结局感到满意。 4. 校长对我们的作品感到很满意。(be satisfied with) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The headmaster is satisfied with our works. 知识点5：：Is it made completely of gold?它是完全用黄金打造的吗？（教材P21） 辨析： ①be made of 由…… 制成（成品能直接看出原材料） 例句：The desk is made of wood. 这张桌子是木头做的。 ②be made from 由…… 制成（成品看不出原材料） 例句：Paper is made from wood. 纸张由木材制成。 ③be made in +地点 在某地制造 例句：This watch is made in Switzerland. 这块手表产自瑞士。 ④be made by +人 由某人制作 例句：The fancy crown was made by the crown maker. 这顶精美的王冠是金匠打造的。 【即时小练】用正确的介词填空。 1.The house is made ____ stones. You can see the stones clearly. 【答案】of 【详解】be made of“由…… 制成”，成品可以直接看出原材料。本句中能清楚看见石头，故用 of。句意：这栋房子由石头建成，你可以清楚看到石头。 2.Wine is made ____ grapes. People can’t see grapes in wine. 【答案】from 【详解】be made from“由…… 制成”，成品看不出原材料。葡萄酒成品看不到葡萄，故填 from。句意：葡萄酒由葡萄酿造而成，人们在葡萄酒里看不到葡萄。 3.This kind of toy is made ____ Shanghai. 【答案】in 【详解】be made in + 地点，表示 “在某地制造”，后接地点名词。句意：这种玩具是上海制造的。 4.This beautiful model is made ____ my deskmate. 【答案】by 【详解】be made by + 动作执行者，表示 “由某人制作”，后接人。句意：这个漂亮的模型是我的同桌做的。 知识点6：Archimedes was still thinking about this problem as he filled his bath with water.阿基米德在用热水填充浴缸时，仍在思考这个问题。（教材P21） ①句子结构:本句为as 引导时间状语从句的主从复合句。 主句：Archimedes was still thinking about this problem 从句：as he filled his bath with water ②fill...with：用…… 装满…… 例句：She filled the bowl with rice. 她把碗盛满米饭。 【被动变形】：be filled with表示 “装满……”，侧重呈现充盈的状态，可与 be full of 互换 例句：The bath was filled with warm water.= The bath was full of warm water.浴盆里盛满了温水。 【即时小练】 1.当他在倒水的时候，他正在思考那道难题。（as 引导时间状语从句） 【答案】As he was pouring water, he was thinking about the difficult problem. 【详解】as 引导时间状语从句，强调主从句动作同时发生。 2.女孩把杯子装满了热水。(fill…with…) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The girl filled the cup with hot water. 【详解】fill …with… 用…… 装满……。 3.这个书包装满了各种各样的书。(be filled with) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The schoolbag is filled with all kinds of books. 【详解】be filled with 装满，可与 be full of 互换。 4.____ he was reading a book, his mother filled the glass with juice. A. If B. As C. Though D. Because 【答案】B 【详解】as 引导时间状语从句，表示 “当…… 时候”，强调两个动作同时发生。句意：当他正在看书的时候，妈妈把杯子倒满了果汁。 5. The box is ____ old photos. A. filled of B. full with C. filled with D. fill with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个盒子里装满了老照片。be filled with = be full of 装满。 知识点7：A crown made completely of gold displaces less water than a crown made of gold and another metal.纯金打造的王冠排出的水量,比掺了其他金属的王冠排出的水量要少。（教材P21） ①后置定语：made completely of gold /made of gold and another metal过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面名词 crown。 ② displace：v. 排除；取代；替代 例句：The heavy ball displaces lots of water. 这个重球会排开很多水。 例句：New machines displaced many workers. 新机器取代了许多工人。 【即时小练】 1．The old metal wire ________ (displace) by new safe materials ten years ago. 【答案】was displaced 【详解】句意：十年前，新的安全材料取代了旧的金属线。主语The old metal wire“旧金属线”与动词displace“取代”是被动关系，结合“ten years ago”可知，此句应该用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was，后跟动词过去分词displaced。 知识点8："The crown maker fooled me, didn't he? What a bad man he is!" shouted King Hiero. “那个金匠骗了我,对不对？他真是个坏人！”希罗国王怒吼道。（教材P21） fool v.欺骗；愚弄 【短语拓展】fool sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人去做某事 fool sb. with sth. 用某事愚弄某人 be fooled by 被......欺骗；被......愚弄 例句：He fooled his friend into hiding the truth.他哄骗朋友隐瞒了真相。 Don’t fool me with your lies.不要用你的谎言来愚弄我。 【变形】foolish：adj. 愚蠢的, 鲁莽的 【句型拓展】it is foolish of sb. to do sth. 例句：It is foolish of you to give up such a good chance.你放弃这么好的机会真是愚蠢。 【即时小练】 1. He fooled me into ____ (tell) him the secret. 【答案】telling 【详解】固定搭配 fool sb. into doing sth.，介词 into 后接动名词。句意：他哄骗我把秘密告诉了他。 2. It is ____ (fool) of you to waste so much time. 【答案】foolish 【详解】句型 It is foolish of sb. to do sth.，用形容词作表语。句意：你浪费这么多时间真是愚蠢。 3. Don’t be ____ (fool) by his sweet words. 【答案】fooled 【详解】be fooled by… 被…… 欺骗，被动语态。句意：不要被他的花言巧语欺骗。 知识点9：He then sent the crown maker to prison, and he praised Archimedes for his clever discovery. 随后，他将那位王冠匠人送入监狱，并对阿基米德的巧妙发现表示赞赏。（教材P21） ① send sb. to prison 把某人关进监狱→ be sent to prison(被动) 例：The police sent the thief to prison. 警察把小偷关进了监狱。 ② praise sb. for sth. 因某事 / 某物称赞某人 例：We praise her for her honesty. 我们称赞她为人诚实。 【即时小练】 1.The bad man ____ to prison for his crime last year. A. sent B. was sent C. sends D. is sending 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个坏人去年因犯罪被关进监狱。主语 the bad man 和 send 是被动关系，be sent to prison “被关进监狱”，last year 用一般过去时被动。 2.All the teachers praise Li Ming ____ his great progress. A. to B. with C. for D. of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：所有老师都因李明的巨大进步而表扬他。固定搭配 praise sb. for sth. 因某事称赞某人。 3.大家都因她的善良而称赞她。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Everyone praises her for her kindness. 4.那个小偷去年被关进监狱。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The thief was sent to prison last year. 知识点10：How did he prove his theory? 他是如何证明自己的理论的？（教材P24） prove v. 证明；证实；表明 ①作及物动词，表 “证明、佐证”，日常及考试中多用主动语态；正式法律、学术文本可使用被动语态，应试场景极少考查。 例：He proved his theory with lots of experiments.他通过大量实验证明了自己的理论。 ②作系动词，构成 prove (to be) + 形容词/名词 结构时，本身表被动含义，无被动形式，为高频易错点。 例：The suggestion proved (to be) helpful.这个建议被证明很有帮助。 【常用搭配】 ①prove sth. 证明某事 例：Can you prove your words? 你能证明你说的话吗？ ②prove + (that) 从句 证明…… 例：He proved that he was right. 他证明自己是对的。 ③prove (to be) +形容词/名词 结果是；被发现是 例：The plan proved (to be) useful. 这个方案结果很有用。 【即时小练】 1.The task ____ very difficult for the new workers. A. was proved B. proved C. was proving D. had proved to 【答案】B 【详解】prove 此处为系动词，prove (to be) + adj.，无被动语态。句意：这项任务对新员工来说结果很难。 2.Scientists have proved ____ the new medicine works well. A. what B. that C. whether D. if 【答案】B 【详解】that 引导宾语从句，从句句意完整，that 只起连接作用。句意：科学家已经证明这种新药效果很好。 3. 这次旅行结果证明很有意义。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The trip proved (to be) meaningful. 知识点11：I can hardly believe it.我简直不敢相信。（教材P27） hardly: adv. 几乎不；几乎没有。本身带有否定含义，句中不能再加 not。 例句：I hardly know him. 我几乎不认识他。 【辨析】hardly与hard的用法区别 易混词 意义及用法 hardly 副词，意为 “几乎不；几乎没有”，表示否定含义。 hard 形容词，意为 “困难的；坚硬的”。 副词，意为 “努力地”。 例句：Lily studies hard. Some lessons are hard, so she hardly relaxes on weekends. She can hardly imagine she can get good grades for those hard tasks. 莉莉学习很努力。有些课程很难，所以她周末几乎不放松。她几乎不敢想象自己能完成这些艰难的任务并取得好成绩。 【即时小练】 1. He ________ (hard) has any free time, for he devotes all days to his research. 【答案】hardly 【详解】句意：他几乎没有空闲时间，因为他整日投入研究工作。此处需要副词修饰动词has，hardly表示“几乎不”，符合后半句他整日做研究、没时间的语境。 2.My brother works ____, so he ____ has time for hobbies. A. hard; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard; hard D. hardly; hardly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我弟弟学习很努力，所以他几乎没有时间发展爱好。work hard 努力学习；hardly has time 几乎没有时间。 知识点12：The idea is that we, as humans, should live a simple, peaceful and balanced life, respecting our place in nature.这一理念认为，我们人类应当过上简朴、和平且平衡的生活，并尊重我们在自然中的位置。（教材P30） ①句子结构:本句是that 引导表语从句的主从复合句。 respecting our place in nature：现在分词作伴随状语，表示伴随主句动作同时发生，逻辑主语是 we。 ②balanced：adj. 平衡的；均衡的 【搭配】a balanced life 平衡的生活 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 【变形】balance v. 使平衡；权衡 / n. 平衡；均衡 【拓展短语】keep balance 保持平衡；lose balance 失去平衡 例句：We need to keep a balanced diet. 我们需要保持均衡的饮食。 【即时小练】 1. The truth is ____ we should live a ____ (balance) life. 【答案】that; balanced 【详解】that 引导表语从句；形容词 balanced 修饰名词 life。句意：事实是我们应该过均衡的生活。 2. She walked along the narrow path, ____ (respect) the beauty of nature around her. 【答案】respecting 【详解】现在分词作伴随状语，逻辑主语 she 和 respect 为主动关系。句意：她走在狭窄的小路上，欣赏着周围的自然之美。 3.青少年拥有平衡的生活是很有必要的。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is necessary for teenagers to have a balanced life. 单元语法：句子种类 英语句子按照使用目的和交际功能可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 1. 陈述句 陈述句用来叙述一件事情或表明说话人的看法、态度等，句尾用句号，一般读降调。有肯定句和否定句两种形式。 陈述句的语序一般为 “主语部分 + 谓语部分”。 1. 陈述句的肯定形式 I will finish my report before the deadline.我会在截止日期前完成我的报告。 She reads at least one book every month.她每个月至少读一本书。 2. 陈述句的否定形式 (1) 如果句子的谓语含有 be 动词、助动词或情态动词等，其否定形式是在这些词之后加 not。 He is not interested in pop music but fond of classical music. 他对流行音乐不感兴趣，却很喜欢古典音乐。 They have not visited the new museum yet, though they’ve planned for a long time. 尽管计划了很久，他们还没去过那家新博物馆。 You must not tell lies to your parents, no matter what happens. 无论发生什么，你都不能对父母撒谎。 (2) 如果句子的谓语是实义动词，其否定形式是在实义动词前用 “助动词（do、does、did）+ not”。 We don’t watch TV on weekdays, but we do on weekends.我们工作日不看电视，但周末会看。 He doesn’t like spicy food, while his sister loves it.他不喜欢吃辣，而他妹妹却很喜欢。 They didn’t go hiking last Sunday because of the heavy rain.因为下大雨，他们上周日没去徒步。 (3) 其他表示否定意义的词，如 no、never、seldom、hardly 等也可构成否定形式。 I have never tried bungee jumping, but I’m eager to have a go!我从没试过蹦极，但我特别想尝试一次！ She seldom stays up late, for she values her sleep very much.她很少熬夜，因为她很重视睡眠。 He can hardly remember his childhood friends after so many years.这么多年过去了，他几乎记不起儿时的朋友了。 2. 疑问句 1）一般疑问句 定义：用 Yes / No 回答的疑问句，用来询问 “是不是、有没有、能不能、会不会” 等。结构：把 be 动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词 提到主语前。 Be (am/is/are/was/were) + 主语 + 其他？ 例句：Are you a doctor?你是医生吗？ Is she reading a book now?她现在正在看书吗？ Were they at home last night?他们昨晚在家吗？ Do/Does/Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例句：Do you like playing basketball?你喜欢打篮球吗？ Does he get up early every morning?他每天早上起得早吗？ Did you watch TV last night?你昨晚看电视了吗？ Can/May/Must/Should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例句：Can you swim?你会游泳吗？ May I use your pen?我可以用一下你的笔吗？ Have/Has/ Had+主语+过去分词+其他？ 例句：Have you finished your homework?你做完作业了吗？ Has he ever been to Beijing?他去过北京吗？ Had they left when you arrived?你到的时候他们已经离开了吗？ 2）特殊疑问句 结构：疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序（be / 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语 + 其他） 特点：不能用 Yes/No 回答，需给出具体信息 例句：What do you like?（你喜欢什么？） Where did she go yesterday?（她昨天去哪里了？） 3）选择疑问句 选择疑问句是说话者对问题提出两个或两个以上的答案，供对方选择其一。 （1）选择疑问句的前半部分用升调，后半部分用降调。这种疑问句有两种形式：一种是以一般疑问句为基础，另一种是以特殊疑问句为基础。供选择的部分用 or 连接。 —Is your father a worker or an engineer? 你父亲是工人还是工程师？ —He is an engineer. 他是一名工程师。 —Would you like coffee, tea or juice?你要咖啡、茶，还是果汁？ —Who is younger, Lily or Emma?谁更年轻，莉莉还是艾玛？ (2) 选择疑问句的答语必须是完整的句子或其省略形式，不能用 yes 或 no。 Do you prefer to study at home or in the library? 你更喜欢在家学习还是在图书馆学习？ —In the library. 在图书馆。 Can you play the piano or the guitar? 你会弹钢琴还是吉他？ —The guitar. 吉他。 4）反义疑问句 反意疑问句是在陈述句后面附加一个简短问句（又称附加问句），提出对前面陈述句所述事情的肯定或否定的意见，或者希望事实得到证实。反意疑问句遵循 “前肯后否，前否后肯” 原则，附加问句的主语和动词及时态均须与陈述部分一致，且主语用代词。 This book is yours, isn't it? 这本书是你的，不是吗？ Tom often plays basketball after school, doesn't he?汤姆放学后经常打篮球，不是吗？ Your brother hasn't finished his homework yet, has he?你弟弟还没完成作业，是吗？ They don't like to watch horror movies, do they?他们不喜欢看恐怖片，是吗？ Linda is not interested in painting, is she?琳达对画画不感兴趣，是吗？ 注意：当陈述句中含有 never, few, little, no, nobody, nothing, hardly, seldom 等否定或半否定词时，附加疑问句要用肯定形式。 He has never been to Paris, has he?他从没去过巴黎，是吗？ Few people can solve this problem, can they?很少有人能解决这个问题，是吗？ 3. 祈使句 表示请求、命令、要求、建议等的句子。通常不用主语，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号。 ①肯定形式 一般以动词原型开头：DO型、be 型、let 型 Open the door. 开门。 Be quiet in the library.图书馆里请保持安静。 Let’s go for a walk. 我们去散步吧。 Let him finish his homework first. 让他先完成作业。 ②.否定形式 DO 型 /be 型否定：在句首动词前加 Don’t. Don’t open the window. 别开窗。 Don’t be late for class. 上课别迟到。 Don’t make noise in the hospital. 医院里别吵闹。 let 型否定：在 let 前加 Don’t，或在动词原形前加 not. Don’t let children play with fire. 别让孩子玩火。 Let’s not waste time. 我们别浪费时间了。 以No开始的禁止性祈使句。 •No entry.禁止人内。•No parking.禁止停车。 •No smoking.禁止吸烟。 ③.常用句型：祈使句 + and/or + 简单句 Work hard, and you will achieve your dream.努力奋斗，你就能实现梦想。 Take a map with you, or you may get lost.带上地图，否则你可能会迷路。 4. 感叹句 感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子,一般用how或what引I导。how作状语，修饰形容词、副词或句子;what作定语,修饰名词(名词前可有形容词或冠词）。感叹句要用降调，句尾用感叹号。 1. what 引导的感叹句 What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + (主语 + 谓语)! What a wonderful day we are having!今天真是美好的一天！ What an exciting movie it was!那是一部多么激动人心的电影！ What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + (主语 + 谓语)! What clever children they are! 他们是多么聪明的孩子啊！ What delicious cakes you’ve made!你做的蛋糕真好吃！ What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)! What useful advice he gave us!他给我们的建议太有用了！ What terrible weather we’re having today!今天的天气真糟糕！ 2. how 引导的感叹句 How + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数 + (主语 + 谓语)! How lovely a girl she is!她是一个多么可爱的女孩啊！ How difficult a problem it turned out to be!这结果是一道多么难的题啊！ How + 形容词 / 副词 + (主语 + 谓语)! How fast he runs!他跑得真快！ How happy they look in the photo!照片里的他们看起来多开心啊！ How + 主语 + 谓语！ How time flies!时光飞逝啊！ How she loves her family!她是多么爱她的家人啊！ 【即时小练】 1. ________ fine weather we have today! A．How B．What a C．What D．How a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天天气真好啊！ 考查感叹句。分析句式结构可知，主语为“we”，谓语为“have”，感叹对象为“weather”，其为不可数名词，不可与a/an连用。应用感叹句结构“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语”，完整句“What fine weather we have today!”符合语法规则。故选C。 2.________ beautiful the poem Mom Knows Best is! I want to read it to my mom. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】C 【详解】句意： 《妈妈最懂》这首诗多么优美啊！我想把它读给我的妈妈听。 考查感叹句。根据“... beautiful the poem Mom Knows Best is...”可知，句子为感叹句，且中心词为形容词“beautiful”，因此应使用“How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语”的结构，How表示“多么”。故选C。 3.—Mike, ________ such a loud noise in the room. Your sister is sleeping. —OK, Dad. I won’t do that again. A．making B．to make C．don’t make D．make 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——迈克，别在房间里弄出这么大的声音。你妹妹在睡觉。——好的，爸爸。我不会再那样做了。 考查祈使句的否定形式。根据“Your sister is sleeping.”可知妹妹在睡觉，所以不要弄出这么大的声音，故此处用祈使句的否定形式：Don’t+动词原形。故选C。 4. Ben, ________ off the tap while brushing your teeth. A．turn B．turns C．turning D．turned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：本，刷牙的时候关掉水龙头。 考查祈使句。根据“off the tap while brushing your teeth.”可知，该句为祈使句，祈使句通常以动词原形开头。故选A。 5.You have finished your homework, ________? A．haven’t you B．have you C．don’t you D．do you 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你已经完成你的作业了，是吗？ 考查反义疑问句。前半句是现在完成时的肯定句，反义疑问部分用否定形式，助动词用 have。故选 A。 6.He seldom goes to the cinema, ________? A．doesn’t he B．does he C．isn’t he D．is he 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他很少去看电影，是吗？ 考查反义疑问句。seldom 表示否定含义，前否后肯；句子谓语是实义动词 goes，助动词用 does。故选 B。 7.She can speak French, ________? A．can’t she B．can she C．doesn’t she D．does she 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她会说法语，是吗？ 考查反义疑问句。前半句含有情态动词 can 且为肯定句，反义疑问部分用 can’t。故选 A。 8.—Would you like tea ________ coffee? —Coffee, please. A．and B．or C．but D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 你想要茶还是咖啡？—— 请给我咖啡。 考查选择疑问句。选择疑问句用 or 连接两个并列选项。故选 B。 9.________ ________ noise in the classroom.（不要在教室里吵闹。） 【答案】Don’t make 【解析】否定祈使句：Don’t + 动词原形；make noise “制造噪音”。 10. ________ ________ ________book you bought!（你买了一本多么有用的书啊！） 【答案】What a useful 【解析】book 是可数名词单数，useful 以辅音音素开头，感叹句用What a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数结构。 （时间：45分钟） 一、单项选择 1．When I was young, I often walked around the Green Lake with my grandma. ________ nice time it was! A．What B．What a C．How a D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我年轻的时候，我经常和我的奶奶围绕绿湖散步，那是多么美好的一段时光啊！ What多么；What a多么一个；How a错误结构；How多么。感叹句结构为“What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语”，中心词“time”在此意为“一段时光”，为可数名词单数，故需加不定冠词“a”。 2．He was late; ________, he missed the beginning of the show. A．thus B．hardly C．fancy D．firm 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他迟到了；因此错过了这场演出的开头。 thus因此；hardly几乎不；fancy奇特的；firm坚定的。句中“He was late”以及“he missed the beginning of the show”，前后句是因果关系，迟到导致错过开头，应用表示结果的副词，thus符合因果逻辑关系。 3．He ________ everyone with his lie. People felt angry when they knew the fact. A．fooled B．caused C．attacked D．accepted 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他用谎言欺骗了所有人。大家得知真相后都很气愤。 fooled欺骗；caused造成；attacked攻击；accepted接受。由句中“lie谎言”可知，此处表示欺骗他人。应填fooled。 4．My teacher is satisfied ________ my progress in physics experiments recently. A．to B．for C．with D．at 【答案】C 【详解】句意：最近我的老师对我在物理实验方面的进步感到满意。 to到；for为了；with对于；at在。根据固定短语“be satisfied with”意为“对……感到满意”可知，此处应用介词with。故选C。 5．The little prince loved the ________ palace gardens with colorful flowers and lights. A．balanced B．fancy C．firm D．hard 【答案】B 【详解】句意：小王子喜爱那些有着五彩缤纷的花朵和灯光的华丽的宫殿花园。 balanced平衡的；fancy华丽的；firm坚固的；hard硬的。根据“with colorful flowers and lights”可知花园装饰精美，应用fancy形容。 6．You can’t fool him ________ simple lies; he knows all related theories well. A．with B．for C．at D．on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你不能用简单的谎言欺骗他；他很好地了解所有相关理论。 with用；for为了；at在；on在……上面。根据后半句“he knows all related theories well”可知他懂相关理论，不容易被骗，固定搭配fool somebody with something意为“用某事欺骗某人”。 7．When the cup is filled ________ too much water, it will run over easily. A．of B．with C．for D．to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当杯子装满太多水时，它很容易溢出来。 of的；with用，具有；for为了；to到。be filled with是固定短语，意为“装满……”，符合句意。故填with。 8．Many accidents happen because of people’s ________ of safety knowledge. A．application B．ignorance C．rejection D．displacement 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多事故的发生是因为人们对安全知识的无知。 application应用；ignorance无知；rejection拒绝；displacement取代。根据“Many accidents happen”可知，事故发生的原因通常是缺乏安全知识，结合选项，ignorance符合句意。故填ignorance。 9．The water will ________ if the glass is too full. A．run over B．go straight to C．get across D．reject 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果杯子太满，水就会溢出来。 run over溢出；go straight to直奔；get across被理解；reject拒绝。根据“if the glass is too full”可知杯子太满，水会溢出，应用run over。 10．We must look at the project ________ a whole instead of only seeing small parts. A．as B．for C．in D．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们必须把这个项目作为一个整体来看待，而不是只看到小部分。 as作为；for为了；in在……里面；with和……一起。固定短语as a whole意为“整体地”。根据“instead of only seeing small parts”可知是强调整体看待。故填as。 二、单词拼写 1．The experiment p________ that his idea is correct. 【答案】proves/roves 【详解】句意：实验证明他的想法是正确的。根据“The experiment”和首字母“p”的提示，可知需要填入表示“证明”的动词prove。句子陈述客观结论，用一般现在时；主语The experiment是第三人称单数，因此动词要变为第三人称单数形式proves。 2．The teacher was s________ with our work. 【答案】satisfied/atisfied 【详解】句意：老师对我们的作业感到满意。结合语句“The teacher was…with our work.”及首字母s的提示可知，对应的形容词是satisfied。be satisfied with表示“对……感到满意”。 3．I made the mistake because of my i________. 【答案】ignorance/gnorance 【详解】句意：我犯了这个错误是因为我的无知。结合语句“I made the mistake because of my….”及首字母i的提示可知，对应的名词是ignorance。形容词性物主代词my后接名词，ignorance表示“无知”，不可数名词。 4．She gave me a f________ answer and refused to change it. 【答案】firm/irm 【详解】句意：她给了我一个坚决的答复，并且拒绝更改。根据后半句中“refused to change it”可知，此处需要表达“坚定、坚决” 含义的形容词修饰名词answer；结合首字母f提示，firm意为“坚决的，坚定的”，符合语境，故填firm。 5．There is h________ any food left in the fridge. 【答案】hardly/ardly 【详解】句意：冰箱里几乎没剩下什么食物了。hardly any是固定搭配，意为“几乎没有”，结合首字母h可确定单词为hardly。 6．The story about the prince was meant to f________ the greedy man. 【答案】fool/ool 【详解】句意：这个关于王子的故事是为了愚弄那个贪婪的人。be meant to do表示“意在/旨在做某事”，需要填一个以f开头的动词。结合“The story about the prince”和“the greedy man”的语境，合适的单词是fool。 7．We should keep a b________ life between work and rest. 【答案】balanced/alanced 【详解】句意：我们应该在工作和休息之间保持平衡的生活。空格后是名词life，需要形容词修饰；结合首字母b以及固定搭配a balanced life（平衡的生活），应填balanced。 8.There are many a________ of this theory in our daily life. 【答案】applications/pplications 【详解】句意：这个理论在我们日常生活中有很多应用。many 后接可数名词复数；结合首字母 a 以及知识点词汇 application（n. 应用），填复数 applications。 9.The king wore a f____ golden crown at the party. 【答案】fancy/ancy 【详解】句意：国王在宴会上戴着一顶华丽的金王冠。形容词修饰名词 crown，fancy adj. 精致的，绚丽的。 10. He didn’t study hard. T____, he failed the exam. 【答案】thus/hus 【详解】句意：他学习不努力，因此考试不及格。thus adv. 因此，如此，句首大写。 三、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．She felt ________ (satisfy) with her final performance. (词形填空) 【答案】satisfied 【详解】句意：她对自己的最终表演感到满意。句中“felt”为系动词，意为“感到”，后面需要接形容词作表语，说明主语的心理状态。satisfy的形容词形式有satisfied（感到满意的）和satisfying（令人满意的）。主语“She”为人，应用satisfied，且“be satisfied with”为固定短语，意为“对……感到满意”，符合句意，故填satisfied。 2．The new method has wide ________ (apply) in daily life. 【答案】application 【详解】句意：这种新方法在日常生活中有广泛的应用。句中wide是形容词，形容词后需要接名词作宾语；动词apply的名词形式是application ，意为“应用、使用”，符合语境。故填application。 3．It is important for us to develop a ________ (balance) living habit. 【答案】balanced 【详解】句意：养成均衡的生活习惯对我们来说很重要。 空格后是名词短语living habit，需要形容词作定语修饰名词；括号内balance是动词/名词，添加后缀ed派生为形容词balanced，意为“均衡的、平衡的”，符合语境。 4．Do you fancy ________ (visit) the museum this Sunday? 【答案】visiting 【详解】句意：你这个星期天想去参观博物馆吗？固定用法为fancy doing sth.（想要做某事），空格处作fancy的宾语，需要用动名词形式。故填visiting。 5.They ________ (hard) have time to relax because of busy work. 【答案】hardly 【详解】句意：由于工作繁忙，他们几乎没有时间放松。本句需要用副词修饰动词“have”，“hard”可作形容词/副词，表示“困难的；努力地”。结合句意，此处表达 “几乎没有”，需用否定副词 hardly，表示“几乎不”，故填hardly。 四、完成句子 1.他直奔大自然去寻求智慧与平静。 He________ _________ _______nature to find wisdom and peace. 【答案】went straight to 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，“直奔”可以用短语go straight to；本句叙述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，go的过去式是went。故填went straight to。 2.他用睿智的语言向人们传达了自己的思想。 He ________ his ideas ________ to people in wise words. 【答案】 got across 【详解】原句中的关键词为“传达了”，中文“向……传达(思想)”在英语中对应的常用短语是“get sth. across to sb.”，根据句意该行为已发生，动作发生在过去，动词应用过去式，因此动词get需变为过去式got。 3.．老子不满足于世界上的争斗与纷扰。 Laozi ________ ________ _________ _______the fights and troubles in the world. 【答案】was not satisfied with 【详解】原句中“不满足于”是关键词，对应短语be not satisfied with。Laozi是历史人物，描述其过去的状态应用一般过去时，be动词需变为was。 4．浴缸里装满了温水。 The bath ________ ________ ________ warm water. 【答案】was filled with 【详解】原句中 “装满了” 是关键词，对应短语 be filled with。描述过去的状态，用一般过去时；主语 the bath 为单数，be 动词用 was。 5．水太多，从容器里溢出来了。 Too much water ________ ________ from the container. 【答案】ran over 【详解】原句中 “溢出” 是关键词，对应短语 run over。事情已经发生，时态用一般过去时，run 的过去式为 ran。 6. 他的思想帮助人们和谐相处，并影响了整个中国文化。 His thoughts helped people live in harmony and influenced Chinese culture ________ ________ ________． 【答案】as a whole 【详解】原句中“整个”是关键短语，英语中表达“作为一个整体”或“整体地”常用固定短语as a whole，通常放在名词之后作后置定语或状语。“influenced Chinese culture as a whole”，意为“影响了整个中国文化”，符合语法习惯且语义通顺。 四、阅读理解 A When we think of inventors, we usually imagine old men in white coats surrounded by wires and tools. However, 17-year-old Emma Rodriguez from Miami is changing that image. She recently invented a low-cost water purification (净化) device that is now being used in several remote villages in South America. Emma’s journey started two years ago during a geography lesson. Her teacher showed a video of children drinking dirty water, which led to serious health problems. Emma was shocked. “I thought, ‘This isn’t fair,’” she recalled. “I wanted to do something to help.” She began researching water purification methods online. Most existing devices were too expensive or required electricity, which many villages lacked. Emma decided to focus on a solar-powered solution. Using a second-hand microscope she bought with her pocket money, she studied how UV (紫外线) light kills bacteria. She then spent months designing a small, portable device shaped like a water bottle. The biggest challenge was the cost. To keep it affordable, Emma used recycled plastic and a cheap UV LED light. She tested over fifty designs. Once, her device leaked (漏水) during a test, soaking her notes. “I felt like crying,” she admitted, “but I knew giving up wasn’t an option.” Finally, she succeeded. Her device can clean one liter of water in just 15 minutes using only sunlight. It costs less than $5 to make. An international charity organization noticed her work and helped her send 500 units to Colombia. Local residents say the device has greatly improved their health. Emma has no plans to patent her invention for profit. Instead, she has open-sourced her design online, allowing anyone to download and produce it for free. “Ideas should be shared, especially when they can save lives,” she says. “I hope more teens realize that age is just a number. If you see a problem, you can be the one to solve it.” 1．What inspired Emma to invent the water purification device? A．A lesson about health problems. B．A video shown in a geography class. C．A visit to remote villages in Colombia. D．An article about solar energy technology. 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How Emma solved the funding problem. B．Why Emma chose UV light for her device. C．The process of Emma’s invention and design. D．The importance of using recycled materials. 3．What does the underlined phrase “giving up wasn’t an option” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．She didn’t have time to rest. B．She didn’t have the right tools. C．She was determined to continue. D．She was allowed to stop working. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Emma? A．Humorous and quiet. B．Honest and friendly. C．Creative and selfless. D．Brave and noisy. 5．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Emma will start a company to sell her device. B．Emma wants to keep her invention a secret. C．Emma believes teenagers can make a difference. D．Emma plans to study abroad to learn more about water. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了一个17岁女孩Emma受课堂视频触动，研发出低成本太阳能净水装置支援南美乡村，她选择公开设计方案免费分享，并鼓励青少年勇于动手解决现实难题。 【详解】1．根据原文第二段“Her teacher showed a video of children drinking dirty water, which led to serious health problems. Emma was shocked.”可知地理课上播放的视频触动了 Emma，促使她想要发明净水装置。 2．根据第三段讲述Emma查阅净水资料、选定太阳能方案，利用二手显微镜开展研究，完整介绍了她构思、开展发明与设计的全过程。 3．联系上下文装置漏水弄湿笔记，她十分难过，“but I knew giving up wasn’t an option”可知放弃并不是一个可行选择，即她下定决心继续坚持实验。 4．Emma自主研发净水设备，体现富有创造力（creative）；她不申请专利盈利，公开设计免费供大家使用，用来拯救生命，体现无私（selfless）。 5．根据尾段最后一句“I hope more teens realize that age is just a number. If you see a problem, you can be the one to solve it.”可知Emma相信青少年也能够有所作为、带来改变。 B(任务型阅读) 阅读下面短文，回答问题，每题答案不超过8个词。 The Post-it Note is one of the most recognizable office supplies in the world, but it was invented by accident. In 1968, Dr. Spencer Silver, a chemist at 3M Company, was trying to develop a super-strong adhesive for use in aircraft construction. Instead, he created a “low-tack” adhesive—one that stuck lightly to surfaces but could be easily removed without leaving residue. Silver was excited about his discovery, but for five years, no one at 3M could figure out a practical use for it. The adhesive was seen as a failure because it wasn’t strong enough. However, Silver didn’t give up. He gave talks and demonstrations within the company, hoping someone would see its potential. That someone was Art Fry, a colleague of Silver’s who sang in a church choir. Fry was frustrated because the slips of paper he used as bookmarks in his hymnal kept falling out. He remembered Silver’s adhesive and thought, “What if I coat these slips with that sticky stuff?” In 1974, Fry created the first prototype of the Post-it Note. He wrote on it, stuck it to a page, and it stayed put. When he removed it, the page was undamaged. Initially, 3M was hesitant to market the product. They thought nobody would want a note that didn’t stick permanently. But after a successful test run in offices, where employees loved the convenience, Post-it Notes were officially launched in 1980. Today, billions are sold annually. The story of the Post-it Note proves that accidents can lead to brilliant ideas if you have the creativity to see their value. 1．What was Spencer Silver originally trying to develop? 2．Why was the adhesive considered a failure at first? 3．What problem did Art Fry face with his hymnal bookmarks? 4．How did Fry use Silver’s adhesive to solve his problem? 5．What does the story of the Post-it Note teach us? 【答案】1．A super-strong adhesive. 2．It wasn’t strong enough. 3．They kept falling out. 4．By coating slips with it. 5．Accidents can lead to great ideas. 【导语】本文介绍便利贴偶然的发明过程，讲述化学家Spencer Silver研发弱粘性胶水，同事Art Fry将其改良创造便利贴，阐明意外也能催生绝妙创意的道理。 【详解】1．根据原文第一段“In 1968, Dr. Spencer Silver, a chemist at 3M Company, was trying to develop a super-strong adhesive for use in aircraft construction.”，Spencer Silver原本想要研发一种超强粘合剂。 2．根据原文第二段“The adhesive was seen as a failure because it wasn’t strong enough.”，这种粘合剂最初被视作失败品是因为粘性不够。 3．根据原文第三段“Fry was frustrated because the slips of paper he used as bookmarks in his hymnal kept falling out.”，Art Fry的赞美诗集书签总容易掉。 4．根据原文第三段“What if I coat these slips with that sticky stuff?”，他给书签纸片涂上了这款粘合剂。 5．根据原文最后一段“The story of the Post-it Note proves that accidents can lead to brilliant ideas if you have the creativity to see their value.”，这个故事告诉我们意外可以催生绝妙创意。 C 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，每个选项只用一次，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Bi Sheng was born in Song Dynasty. He lived in a small village which lies in Huanggang today. He invented the printing around 600 AD (公元). 1 It is about 400 years earlier than the printing in Germany. The printing is also called the movable type printing (活字印刷). But how did it work in the past? First of all, the clay was made into movable types. 2 After that the words were chosen and put in right order in a box according to the text. Next, the workers brushed ink onto the movable types. Finally the types could be used for printing. 3 The movable type printing plays an important role in Chinese culture. 4 At the same time, the movable type printing was widely used in the world at that time. 5 The movable type printing, the compass (指南针), gun powder and the paper-making are called four great inventions of China. They make China own an important and even top position in the history of human civilization (文明). A．They could be used again and again for different books. B．Then words were engraved (雕刻) carefully onto the types. C．With the help of it, Chinese culture spread around the world more quickly. D．He was the world’s first inventor of the printing. E．I think Bi Sheng was a great inventor. F．As a result, more and more culture communication among countries took place. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍和颂扬了活字印刷术这一中国古代的伟大发明，以及它对中国文化和世界文明发展的深远影响。 1．根据下文“It is about 400 years earlier than the printing in Germany.”可知，这里在对比中国与德国在印刷技术上的时间差异，强调中国的印刷技术比德国早，表明毕昇是世界上第一个发明印刷术的人；选项D“他是世界上第一个印刷术的发明者。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据上文“First of all, the clay was made into movable types.”可知，这里提到了将黏土制成活字；接下来，这些活字应该被小心地刻在字模上；选项B“然后，文字被仔细地刻在字模上。”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据上文“Finally the types could be used for printing.”可知，活字最终可以用于印刷各种书籍；选项A“它们可以一次又一次地用于不同的书籍。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据上文“The movable type printing plays an important role in Chinese culture.”可知，此处强调了活字印刷术对中国文化传播的重要作用；选项C“在它的帮助下，中国文化更快地在世界各地传播。”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据上文“At the same time, the movable type printing was widely used in the world at that time.”可知，活字印刷术在当时的世界范围内得到了广泛应用，这就必然会导致各国之间的文化交流越来越多；选项F“因此，国家之间的文化交流越来越多。”符合语境。故选F。 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $